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A series of heterobimetallic (Au⋯Ag interlocking and Au⋯Cu interlocking) [2]catenanes were studied using DFT and TD-DFT methods to explore the relationship between their structures and properties. In order to fully investigate the influence of metal type in these [2]catenanes and compare the similarities and differences between these heterobimetallic and homometallic catenanes, the results were also compared with our previously studied homometallic Au⋯Au interlocking [2]catenane molecules. The results display that the steric hindrance increases with the increase of the number of monomers, and thus the distances between the center and the edge of the rings become longer, demonstrating a trend of outward expansion. As the size of the ring becomes larger, the total weak interaction increases and shows increasingly dispersed distribution. The value of the dispersion interaction energy increases with the overgrowth of the size of molecular systems and correspondingly the energy level of the frontier orbital decreases and the energy gap becomes bigger when two hexamers interlock. Compared with the Au⋯Ag interlocking [2]catenanes, the Au⋯Cu interlocking [2]catenanes present red-shifted absorption spectra, which is consistent with their smaller energy gap. The hole–electron analysis results indicate that the S0 → S1 excitations are almost unidirectional charge transfer excitations due to the significant separation of holes and electrons, while for the high-energy excited states, local excitations occupy a dominant position. Through the study of the specific proportion of charge transfer on each fragment in the main transition process, we found that for heterometallic [2]catenanes, the Cu atom in the Au⋯Cu interlocking [2]catenanes has a greater influence on the electronic structure. As for homometallic [2]catenanes, the effects of Au atoms in the two rings are equivalent on the electronic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In acidic proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), the anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts rely heavily on the expensive and scarce iridium‐based materials. Ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) with lower price and higher OER activity, has been explored for the similar task, but has been restricted by the poor stability. Herein, we developed an anion modification strategy to improve the OER performance of RuO2 in acidic media. The designed multicomponent catalyst based on sulfate anchored on RuO2/MoO3 displays a low overpotential of 190 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and stably operates for 500 hours with a very low degradation rate of 20 μV h−1 in acidic electrolyte. When assembled in a PEMWE cell, this catalyst as an anode shows an excellent stability at 500 mA cm−2 for 150 h. Experimental and theoretical results revealed that MoO3 could stabilize sulfate anion on RuO2 surface to suppress its leaching during OER. Such MoO3‐anchored sulfate not only reduces the formation energy of *OOH intermediate on RuO2, but also impedes both the surface Ru and lattice oxygen loss, thereby achieving the high OER activity and exceptional durability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing literature seeks to identify the factors that influence bank liquidity creation. While some studies focus on macroeconomic factors, others focus on bank-specific factors. In this paper, we examine the relative importance of different types of factors in driving bank liquidity creation. Using a panel of US banks, we find that fluctuations in bank liquidity creation are mainly driven by macroeconomic factors. Our results hold for banks in different size groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to analyse the evolution of the public image of nursing in the context of the constantly developing nursing profession. Design: The Rodger's evolving concept analysis was applied. Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched for articles published between 1 January 2001, and 30 April 2022, using the search terms; "NURS * AND image". The selected literature was screened using Rodgers' evolutionary method to explore the attributes, antecedents and consequences of the concept. Results: The defining attributes were identified as nursing (nursing as the collective object), public (public as the collective subject) and information (the medium of interaction between the collective subject and the collective object). Nursing elements were classified into intrinsic elements (professional spirit, professional knowledge and professional skills) and extrinsic (appearance, language and behaviour) elements. Public elements were further subcategorized into public categories (internal organizational public and external organizational public) and public perceptions (cognition, emotion and behavioural intention). The information elements are mainly classified as information generation, dissemination, identification, processing and judgement. The antecedents and consequences of the public perception of nursing were also identified. Conclusions: The public image of nursing is dynamic and has evolved over time. Its dynamism and malleability imply that the traditional public image of nursing can be improved through targeted interventions in nursing practice, management and education. Implications for the Profession: Identifying the antecedents and consequences associated with the public image of nursing will help the healthcare organizations adopt effective strategies to alleviate the shortage of the nursing workforce and promote the development of the nursing profession. No Patient or Public Contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the short utterance environment, the total variability space underestimates the distribution of speech probabilities, which leads to a decline in speaker verification performance. Aiming at the above problems, a method of enhancing speaker identity vectors based on total variability space and time delay neural network (TDNN) is proposed. The purpose is to learn the linear correlation between the total variability space and TDNN, extract the speaker embeddings and project them on the new space, and then combine them into a new speaker supervector in order to enhance speaker information. In the training phase, this method separately trains the total variability space and TDNN. It creates a new irrelevant speaker set, extracts the i-vector and x-vector from it and gets the projection matrix under canonical correlation analysis (CCA). In the registration and testing phase, the embeddings of the registration and testing speakers are extracted, mapped in a new space through the projection matrix, and then the combined vectors enhance the speaker identity information. Under the short registration utterance and short test utterance, the experiment shows that the fused new vector is significantly lower than the baseline i-vector, x-vector in equal error rate.

AbstractObjectiveMethodResultsConclusionsTo explore the effects of live music to decrease psychological distress in adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).A quasi-experimental study was conducted. Sixty patients undergoing HSCT were divided into two groups, receiving either 4 week of live music (n = 31) or standard care (n = 29). Psychological distress, anxiety, the severity of symptom clusters and symptom interference were measured.When compared with the immediately and 1 month after intervention, patients in LM intervention group had significantly lower psychological distress and anxiety level than wait-list group. AYA undergoing HSCT reported significantly milder general symptom cluster and neurological symptom cluster at T3 than at baseline.Live music intervention showed a positive effect on relieving psychological distress and anxiety in AYA patients undergoing HSCT. However, further researches are warranted to explore the effects of live music intervention on symptom cluster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: Apple rust is a serious fungal disease affecting Malus plants worldwide. Infection with the rust pathogen Gymnosporangium yamadae induces the accumulation of anthocyanins in Malus to resist rust disease. However, the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation in Malus against apple rust is still unclear. Here, we show that MpERF105 and MpNAC72 are key regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis via the ethylene‐dependent pathway in M. 'Profusion' leaves under rust disease stress. Exogenous ethephon treatment promoted high expression of MpERF105 and MpNAC72 and anthocyanin accumulation in G. yamadae‐infected M. 'Profusion' leaves. Overexpression of MpERF105 increased the total anthocyanin content of Malus plant material and acted by positively regulating its target gene, MpMYB10b. MpNAC72 physically interacted with MpERF105 in vitro and in planta, and the two form a protein complex. Coexpression of the two leads to higher transcript levels of MpMYB10b and higher anthocyanin accumulation. In addition, overexpression of MpERF105 or MpNAC72 enhanced the resistance of M. 'Profusion' leaves to apple rust. In conclusion, our results elucidate the mechanism by which MpERF105 and MpNAC72 are induced by ethylene in G. yamadae‐infected M. 'Profusion' leaves and promote anthocyanin accumulation by mediating the positive regulation of MpMYB10b expression. Significance Statement: Ethylene‐induced MpERF105 and MpNAC72 promote the expression of MpMYB10b and thus regulate anthocyanin accumulation in Malus 'Profusion' leaves under rust conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]