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Background Treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) improved substantially in the last decades. Novel targeted and immune‐oncologic drugs were introduced into routine treatment. Despite accelerated development and subsequent drug registrations by the European Medicinal Agency (EMA), novel drugs for NSCLC are poorly accessible in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. Material and Methods The Central European Cooperative Oncology Group conducted a survey among experts from 10 CEE countries to provide an overview on the availability of novel drugs for NSCLC and time from registration to reimbursement decision in their countries. Results Although first‐generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors were reimbursed and available in all countries, for other registered therapies—even for ALK inhibitors and checkpoint inhibitors in first‐line—there were apparent gaps in availability and/or reimbursement. There was a trend for better availability of drugs with longer time from EMA marketing authorization. Substantial differences in access to novel drugs among CEE countries were observed. In general, the availability of drugs is not in accordance with the Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (MCBS), as defined by the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). Time spans between drug registrations and national decisions on reimbursement vary greatly, from less than 3 months in one country to more than 1 year in the majority of countries. Conclusion The access to novel drugs for NSCLC in CEE countries is suboptimal. To enable access to the most effective compounds within the shortest possible time, reimbursement decisions should be faster and ESMO MCBS should be incorporated into decision making., Access to novel therapies is a factor contributing to disparities in cancer care. Limited drug availability is a challenge in Central and Eastern European countries, where financial and organizational shortages exist. This article reports a survey that investigated access to novel anti‐cancer drugs for non‐small cell lung cancer.

IntroductionThymomas and thymic carcinoma (TC) are the most common neoplasms localised in the thymus. These diseases are poorly understood, but progress made in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has provided novel data on their molecular pathology.Material and methodsGenomic DNA was isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissue. We investigated somatic variants in 35 thymoma patients using amplicon-based TruSeq Amplicon Cancer Panel (TSACP) that covers 48 cancer related genes. We also analysed three samples from healthy individuals by TSACP platform and 32 healthy controls using exome sequencing.ResultsThe total number of detected variants was 4447, out of which 2906 were in the coding region (median per patient 83, range: 2-300) and 1541 were in the non-coding area (median per patient 44, range: 0-172). We identified four genes, APC, ATM, ERBB4, and SMAD4, having more than 100 protein-changing variants. Additionally, more than 70% of the analysed cases harboured protein-changing variants in SMAD4, APC, ATM, PTEN, KDR, and TP53. Moreover, this study revealed 168 recurrent variants, out of which 15 were shown to be pathogenic. Comparison to controls revealed that the variants we reported in this study were somatic thymoma-specific variants. Additionally, we found that the presence of variants in SMAD4 gene predicted shorter overall survival in thymoma patients.ConclusionsThe most frequently mutated genes in thymoma samples analysed in this study belong to the EGFR, ATM, and TP53 signalling pathways, regulating cell cycle check points, gene expression, and apoptosis. The results of our study complement the knowledge of thymoma molecular pathogenesis.

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine socio-demographic inequalities in user satisfaction with PHC and utilization of chosen doctors’ services. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 among 232 respondents who participated in PHC user satisfaction survey in PHC center Valjevo, Serbia. Inclusion criteria were an age of at least 20 years, sufficient skills of Serbian language to fill in questionnaires and consent to participation. Two hundreds and six patients completed an anonymous questionnaire about the user satisfaction with PHC. Results: The chosen doctor was seven times more often visited by the elderly (OR=7.03) and almost three times more often by the middle-aged (OR=2.66) compared to the youngest category of respondents. Those with low education and poor financial status of the household visited a doctor four (OR=4.14) and almost nine times (OR=8.66) more often, respectively, compared to those with high education and good socioeconomic status. A statistically significant higher level of PHC satisfaction was recorded in the rural population (p, South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume XIII, 2020

A comprehensive systematic review is given of developments, trends, and advances over the past two decades in research on orthovanadates of monovalent, divalent, and trivalent metals, MI3VO4, MII3(VO4)2, and MIIIVO4, respectively. We give our perspective on the current status of the topic, and the main attention is focused on lanthanide ion (Ln3 +)–activated orthovanadate-based nanostructured luminescent materials, downconversion and upconversion ones, and their reported chemical syntheses, crystal structures, and photoluminescence properties along with applications as phosphors, both existing and potential, are fully considered. In particular, downconversion and upconversion phosphors based on Ln3 +-doped GdVO4 and upconversion phosphors of BiVO4, LaVO4, YbVO4, and LuVO4 are described in far more detail.

Due to their low cost and possible green synthesis, high stability and resistance to photobleaching, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) can be considered as one of the class of carbon nanomaterials which may have great potential as an agent for photosensitized oxygen activation. In such a way, GQDs can be used as a theranostic agent in photodynamic therapy. In this work pristine GQDs, GQDs irradiated with gamma rays and GQDs doped with N and N, S atoms are produced using a simple, green approach. By using different techniques (AFM, HR-TEM, SEM-EDS, FTIR, XRD, PL and UV–Vis) we investigated structural and optical properties of the new types of GQDs. We showed that GQDs functionalized with thiourea (GQDs-TU) completely lost the ability to produce singlet oxygen (1O2) upon photoexcitation while functionalization with urea (GQDs-U) improves the capability of GQDs to produce 1O2 upon the same conditions. Thus, presented GQDs modification with urea seems like a promising approach for the production of the efficient photosensitizer. On the opposite, GQDs-TU are efficient OH quencher. Due to high singlet oxygen production and low cytotoxicity below 100 μg/mL against HeLa cells, GQDs-U is a good candidate as an agent in photodynamic therapy at this concentration.

Background: In vitro TGF-β-induced myofibroblast differentiation is inhibited in lung fibroblasts by metformin-activation of AMPK and inhibition of TGF-β-induced NOX4 expression.Clinical experience did not prove effect of metformin (M) on IPF coure. This is a post hoc analysis of association of M use and clinically parameters: mortality and progression-free survival (PFS) over a 24-month period in IPF patients (pts) from the EMPIRE registry of IPF. Methods: A total of 3,144pts were categorized by M use. The effect of M on mortality and PFS were assessed by the Kaplan–Meier for survival function, and by the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: Out of 3,144 pts, 1880pts treated with antifibrotics, 318pts were treated with M. Differences in 1-, 2- and 5-year overall survival and PFS rates regarding M use or not were not significant. In treatment-specific groups (pirfenidone/nintedanib), no significant differences in mortality or PFS observed. The adjusted HR was significant only in pts with nintedanib, where M was associated with mortality (0.5; 0.3–1.0; p = 0.043). In the group of the pts with diabetes-717 pts, the M group had median survival longer irrespective of antifibrotic treatment, PFS was longer in the M group and in those treated with nintedanib, compared to those who were not on M, but no statistical significance. Conclusion: M use is associated with better prognosis in overall mortality in all pts and in those on nintedanib. In diabetes pts similar findings were noted. New prospective studies are needed on the effect of M on the course of IPF.

Herein we present the enhancement of photoluminescence properties of nano-sized LuPO4:Pr3+ phosphor powders synthesized by sol gel process with incorporation of yttrium ions inside of this single matrix to obtain (Lu1-xYx)PO4:Pr3+ (x = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 at. %) powders. Under UV excitation at 270 nm the emission spectra of LuPO4:Pr3+ nanopowder do not present any characteristics emission band attributed to 4f15d1→4f2 transitions of Pr3+ ions, while a large emission band has been observed which due to defects created in LuPO4 cell by doping considering the ionic radius of Pr3+ is larger compared to the ionic radius of Lu3+, this band extinguishes gradually at the time insertion of the Y3+ ions until its total disappearance (for x = 40 at. %).It was found that the emission spectra of (Lu1-xYx)PO4:Pr3+ nanopowders under λex = 230 nm presents only the characteristics emission bands of Pr3+ ions with a remarkable influence of the rate of Y3+ ions on the intensity of this bands. Furthermore, it was observed that the improvement in the luminescence properties of (Lu1-xYx)PO4:Pr3+ nanopowders is very remarkable in visible range.

Promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes presents promising markers for lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the promoter hypermethylation of multiple genes and 5-year survival rate in patients with Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Primary tumor samples (n = 65), corresponding nonmalignant lung tissues (n = 65), and circulating blood were obtained from NSCLC patients who underwent curative surgery. Promoter methylation status in seven genes (RASSF1A, CDH13, MGMT, ESR1, DAPK, SOX1, and HOXA9) was quantified by using bisulfite pyrosequencing. Five-year survival data were obtained by a clinician. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the associations between gene methylation status and overall patient survival.The 5-year survival of the patients with SOX1 aberrant tumor methylation was found to be statistically significantly shorter than for those patients without aberrant tumor methylation (P = 0.01). This effect was independent of TNM stage. No significant survival differences were associated with aberrant methylation in other genes tested in either of the two tissue types.Our study shows that SOX1 promoter hypermethylation in NSCLC tumors is significantly associated with inferior survival, showing promise as a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with NSCLC.

Nanopowders of YPO4 phosphors with different Pr3+ doping were successfully prepared by a sol gel method under different synthesis conditions. The crystallite size and strain show a strong dependence on the Pr3+ doping concentration and on the annealing temperature. By annealing at 300 degrees C one can obtain the xenotime structure of the pure YPO4. The crystallite size can be controlled by controlling the annealing temperature and it increases with increasing the annealing temperature. The room temperature inter-configurational 4f(2) 4f5d and intra-configurational 4f(2) 4f(2) emission-excitation transitions spectra are measured and investigated. Upon 4f(2) 4f(2) emission transitions and peaks in red region assigned to D-1(2) -> H-3(4) transition as photon cascade emission phenomena (PCE). The presence of only D-1(2) -> H-3(4) transition is discussed. In addition, the D-1(2) energy level lifetimes as well as the refractive indexes were determined and discussed.

Dragana Jovanovic,1,2 Ruza Stevic,1,2 Marta Velinovic,2 Milica Kontic,1,2 Dragana Maric,1,2 Jelena Spasic,3 Davorin Radosavljevic3 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; 2University Hospital of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; 3Institute for Oncology and Radiologyof Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia Abstract: This paper presents a rare case of an elderly patient treated with erlotinib for disseminated lung adenocarcinoma with poor performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status [PS]3). This treatment led to a long duration of complete remission according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 – almost 7 years (81months) of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of 10 years by March 2017. The treatment with erlotinib started in September 2008 and it was well tolerated with no adverse effects. Mutation analyses (real-time polymerase chain reaction method) revealed deletion of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) gene and wild-type Kirsten-ras protein gene in exon19. In May 2015, the patient relapsed with jaundice and enlarged lymph nodes of the liver hilum, with no other metastasis, PS 2. Biopsy confirmed metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. EGFR molecular testing did not reveal T790M mutation. Treatment was continued with gemcitabine–cisplatin chemotherapy. A total of six cycles were administered with nearly complete response and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0. Further on, gemcitabine monotherapy has been administered with nearly complete response maintained and OS of 10years by March2017. This report describes an extremely rare case of a poor performance patient with advanced metastatic adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutation – deletion in exon 19 – who was receiving salvage erlotinib and had a complete response with 81months of PFS followed by a relapse and subsequent chemotherapy which led to nearly complete response, with an OS of 10years by March 2017. Such a complete response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in a poor PS patient, with long PFS and OS achieved, justifies tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment approach in poor PS patients with EGFR-sensitizing tumors, and furthermore points to the feasibility of administering chemotherapy at the time of relapse. Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma, erlotinib, exon 19 deletion, EGFR, durable remission

Transparent, luminescent thin films of Dy3+-doped GdVO4 were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition technique on quartz substrates. Thin film structure, morphology and optical properties were investigated and discussed in detail. X-ray analysis shows relatively intense reflection peaks confirming that as-deposited films are highly crystalline with strong (200) preferred orientation. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy shows relatively dense film with an average thickness of similar to 340 nm. Band gap of Dy3+-doped GdVO4 thin film, estimated from diffuse reflectance spectrum, is 3.61 eV. Refractive index and extinction coefficient of thin films as a function of wavelength are extracted from ellipsometric spectra. The photoluminescent emission spectra have two dominant bands: one in the yellow (similar to 573 nm, F-4(9/2) - GT H-6(13/2) transition) followed by the other in the blue (similar to 484 nm, F-4(9/2) - GT H-6(15/2) transition) region resulting in the emission color placed in the white light region. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Background In spite of the progress made in neoadjuvant therapy for operable non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), many issues remain unsolved, especially in locally advanced stage IIIA. Methods Retrospective data of 163 patients diagnosed with stage IIIA NSCLC after surgery was analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: a preoperative chemotherapy group including 59 patients who received platinum-etoposide doublet treatment before surgery, and an upfront surgery group including 104 patients for whom surgical resection was the first treatment step. Adjuvant chemotherapy or/and radiotherapy was administered to 139 patients (85.3%), while 24 patients (14.7%) were followed-up only. Results The rate of N2 disease was significantly higher in the upfront surgery group ( P 0.05). Conclusion There was significant difference in preoperative chemotherapy group regarding relapse rate and treatment outcomes related to the lymph node status comparing to the upfront surgery group. Neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemo-therapy is a part of treatment for patients with stage IIIA NSCLC, but further investigation is required to determine optimal treatment.

Nanocrystalline Y2-xEuxZr2O7 (0 LT = x LT = 1) phosphor particles were prepared by polymer facilitated combustion and subsequent calcination at 800 degrees C. The thorough study of Eu-concentration influence on particles structure, morphology and luminescence is presented. This type of synthesis provides particles of similar to 5 nm in diameter, which crystallize in a defect fluorite structure (space group Fm-3m), and where each particle consists of a single crystallite, as revealed by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. With the increase of Eu concentration, the unit-cell parameter slightly increases to accommodate larger Eu3+ ions at sites of smaller Y3+, while the shape and size of particles remain the same. Analysis of emission intensity and decay dependence on Eu concentration showed that this host material could be heavily doped with Eu since concentration quenching of emission occurs at high Eu content of 25-30 at.% (with respect to Y ions). The critical distance for energy transfer between Eu ions is estimated to 10.28 A and dipole-quadrupole interaction is found as the dominant mechanism responsible for the concentration quenching of emission. Radiative and non-radiative transition rates, the quantum efficiency of emission, Omega-intensity parameters, and branching ratios of Eu3+ emission are calculated for nanocrystals of all doping concentrations. It is found that more to-the-point expression 86% of emission comes from D-5(0) - GT F-7(2) and D-5(0) - GT F-7(1) transitions. Therefore, this phosphor emits pure red light with (0.661, 0.338) CIE color coordinates. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The authors describe the preparation of Eu3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals (NCs) by precipitation of the Cd3+(Eu3+)-citrate complex which was then converted to the respective vanadate by dialysis. The fractions of Eu3+ ranged from 5 to 100 mol%. The NCs were characterized by XRD, TEM, ICP-OES and dynamic light scattering which revealed that they possess superior colloidal stability in aqueous solutions in that no precipitation can be observed even after several months. The NCs display red and largely red shifted fluorescence (peaking at 618 nm) on photoexcitation at around 300 nm. Fluorescence is strongly quenched by hydrogen peroxide. It is also shown that the fraction of doping with Eu3+ strongly affects quenchability. Most efficient quenching by H2O2 is observed if the NCs are doped with 50% of Eu3+. The findings were exploited to develop a fluorometric assay for H2O2 that works in the 5 to 250 mu M concentration range, with a limit of detection as low as 1.6 mu M (at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3). The probe was further employed to design a highly sensitive enzymatic assay for glucose via measurement of the quantity of H2O2 formed as a result of the catalytic action of glucose oxidase. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

European-Respiratory-Society (ERS) International Congress -- SEP 28-OCT 02, 2019 -- Madrid, SPAIN, WOS: 000507372406214, [No abstract available], European Respiratory Soc, Boehringer IngelheimBoehringer Ingelheim, The EMPIRE registry is supported by Boehringer Ingelheim

Aim: The current study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of second-line afatinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive ( EGFRm+) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following chemotherapy. Patients & methods: In this open-label, single-arm Phase IV study, patients with EGFRm+ (Del19/L858R) NSCLC who had progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy received afatinib (starting dose 40 mg/day). The primary end point was confirmed objective response. Results: 60 patients received afatinib for a median duration of 11.5 months. 50% of patients had a confirmed objective response, of median duration 13.8 months. Median progression-free survival was 10.9 months. The most common treatment-related adverse events were diarrhea (72%), rash (28%) and paronychia (23%). Conclusion: Our data support the use of afatinib (40 mg/day) as an effective and well-tolerated second-line treatment in EGFRm+ NSCLC.

Photoactive materials called photosensitizers can be used for treatment of different types of cancer in combination with light source. In this paper, we have investigated pro-oxidant and antioxidant potentials of four graphene based nanomaterials (graphene oxide-GO, graphene quantum dots-GQDs, carbon quantum dots-CQDs and N-doped carbon quantum dots-N-CQDs) depending on the presence/absence of visible light source. Structural and optical properties of these materials and their potentials for reactive oxygen species generation/quenching are investigated by applying different microscopy and spectroscopy techniques (transmission electron microscopy, FTIR, UV-Vis, photoluminescence, electron paramagnetic resonance). Results show that all types of quantum dots has pro-oxidant and antioxidant potentials whereas GO demonstrated only moderate antioxidant effect. The best free radical scavenger is CQDs sample in the absence of light. CQDs are the best singlet oxygen generator under blue light irradiation as well. To check photo-cytotoxicity of these materials, photo-cytotoxic concentrations of the GO, GQDs, CQDs and N-CQDs were determined for three cellular lines: human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD), cell line derived from human cervix carcinoma Hep2c (HeLa) and fibroblast cell line from murine (L2OB). Cytotoxicity test has indicated that all samples are much less photocytotoxic than cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-DPP). The production method and doping of quantum dots affect the photodynamic activity of tested samples very much.

This report focuses on fabrication, characterization, and fundamental optical properties of Eu 3+ - and Sm 3+ -doped GdVO 4 luminescent thin films. Films were uniformly grown on three different substrates: single crystal sapphire (0001), thermally grown silicon oxide (Si/SiO 2 ~ 500 nm) on silicon and fused quartz using pulsed laser deposition technique. Thin films’ structure, morphology, and photoluminescent properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction, atomic force and scanning electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Thin films’ structure characterized by X-ray diffraction showed that for all substrates highly crystalline, zircon-type pure phase films were formed. Films’ thickness and internal morphology were determined by cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy showing completely dense, pore-free film with an average thickness of ~ 390 nm. Atomic force microscopy revealed that the average crystallite size of both Eu 3+ - and Sm 3+ -doped GdVO 4 thin films deposited on fused quartz is higher as compared to the single crystal sapphire (0001) and thermally grown silicon oxide (Si/SiO 2 ~ 500 nm) and that the surface roughness increases with the increase in the grain size. Energy band gap values, estimated from diffuse reflectance spectra were 3.57 and 3.53 eV for Eu 3+ - and Sm 3+ -doped GdVO 4 thin films, respectively. Photoluminescent properties were investigated in detail in both steady state and lifetime domain. The emission spectra show clear orange–red emission in the Sm 3+ -doped GdVO 4 thin films and red emission in Eu 3+ -doped ones. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Neuroendocrine lung tumors (NET) include typical carcinoids (TC), atypical carcinoids (AC), large cell NE carcinoma (LCNEC) and small-cell carcinoma (SCLC), with different clinicopathological profiles and relative grades of malignancy. Although differences between carcinoids and high grade carcinomas are recognized, precise differences and behavior of TC and AC have not been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to better define the differences in the clinical behavior of TC and AC, and to establish new prognostic factors of overall survival (OS), by determining the levels of genetic expression of IGF1R, ERCC1, Bax, p53, Bcl2 and Bcl2/Bax ratio.The histopathological diagnosis of 52 surgically resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors was made according to the WHO classification. Gene expressions were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR.The confirmed prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) were pTNM T (p0.01), pTNM N (p0.05), clinical stage (p0.05), type of surgery (p0.01) and histopathological (HP) tumor type (p0.05). Bcl2 mRNA level and Bcl2/Bax ratio were found to have a potential for discrimination of the HP type of tumor (AC vs TC, Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) cut-off values 0.1451 and 0.3015, respectively), but without statistically significant impact on OS.In patients with NETs, smaller primary tumor, absence of positive lymph nodes, and TC type of tumor predicted longer OS. Type of resection has influence on OS. Bcl2 expression and Bcl2/Bax ratio might be valuable as independent diagnostic parametars in lung carcinoids. Therapeutic approaches using attenuation of Bcl2 or upregulation of Bax might prove useful in lung NETs.

In recent years, water pollution and contamination had become a major threat to the ecosystem. However, the use of nanostructured materials has been proven as a very promising approach in the treatment of polluted water. The present study reports the results of the gamma ray-assisted modification of hydrophobic carbon quantum dot (hCQD)/polyurethane nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. Different characterization methods were applied to investigate the influence of the different doses of gamma irradiation (1, 10 and 200 kGy) on the physical and chemical properties of nanocomposites (morphology, chemical content, mechanical properties, wettability, and potential for singlet oxygen generation). Surface morphology and mechanical properties analyses showed that gamma rays induced insignificant changes in the structure of nanocomposites, but the potential for singlet oxygen generation increased significantly. Here we also explore, in detail, the photocatalytic properties of gamma-ray modified hCQDs/polyurethane nanocomposites. UV-vis analysis showed that the removal efficiency of the rose bengal dye reached up to 97% for the nanocomposite irradiated with the dose of 200 kGy. Erratum: [https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/9827]

EuPO4 and Eu3+-activated REPO4 (RE = La, Dy, Er) ultrasmall fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) with an average diameter of 2.1 nm were prepared via colloidal synthesis and tested for sensing Cu2+ and other heavy-metal ions. The pure monoclinic monazite crystal structure (space group P121/n1) of the synthesized particles was confirmed using X-ray diffraction measurements, and transmission electron microscopy images showed round particles with a narrow particle-size distribution. The NPs exhibited intense red emission, which is characteristic of the f-f electronic transition of Eu3+, and the quenching of their emission in the presence of heavy-metal ions was revealed by dispersing colloidal particles in a TRIS buffer and then performing photoluminescence measurements. Strong quenching of the emission (at a rate of 0.195 μM−1) was observed upon the addition of Cu2+ ions over the concentration range of 0–10 μM with a limit of detection of 60 nM for Cu2+. The recovery of nearly 90% of the original emission intensity of the probe was achieved via the addition of ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid and was possible in five quenching/recovery cycles.

Thermal degradation properties of 5-(4-substitutedphenylazo)-3-amido-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pyridones and 5-(4-substitutedphenylazo)-3-cyano-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pyridones dyes, differing in electron withdrawing and electron donating substituents in para-position of diazo components were examined. The structure of the synthesized compounds has been confirmed by 1H NMR,13C NMR, FTIR, UV–Vis and XRD analysis techniques. The results obtained with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) – derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were combined with GC-mass spectral fragmentation to obtain thermal decomposition mechanism. Non-isothermal kinetics were monitored by application of TGA-DTG-DTA. For Kinetic behavior of the investigated dyes during their degradation in an inert atmosphere, Kissinger, Ozawa, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) isoconversional (model-free) methods were applied. It was found that different thermal stabilities of investigated dyes are the consequence of their different chemical structures, including diverse substituents.

In this work, we report on a structurally-colored composite colloidal crystal able to change its color in presence of different polar solvents such as butanol and to distinguish its isomers. Herein, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) infiltrated polystyrene opals are fabricated by means of a two steps approach and their final structure exhibits a green opalescence, the diffraction peak wavelength position changes as a function of the analytes spotted on the surface. In fact, the realized composites present a colorimetric variation in their response, since a remarkable red-shift of the diffraction peak is observed. An analytical model has been proposed and validated in order to assess the optical chromatic response, according to which the changing of the filling factor is the main element that produces the variation in the optical response. The selectivity, sensitivity and the reusability of the sensor have been investigated by monitoring the static reflectance spectra considering a mixture of 2-Methylpropan-2-ol (TerB) and water. Dynamic reflection spectra have been employed as an appropriate technique for the recognition of butanol isomers such as TerB, Butan-1-ol (NB) and Butan-2-ol (2B). The results demonstrate that the prepared photonic crystal sensing material and the interrogation approach used are a suitable tool for the development of low cost, portable sensors for homologues and isomers. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

This study was aimed to determine reference values (RVs) for the manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) in the whole blood (B) and serum (S) samples of the Serbian population. Blood specimens were collected from healthy persons (n = 295; women/men ratio = 149/146; mean age: 42 ± 2 years). The RVs were calculated as lower limit (LL) and upper limit (UL) of the 95% confidence interval (CI) and were expressed as percentiles (P) in the range from P2.5 to P97.5. The influences of sex, age, and smoking habits on element profiles were considered. It was found that the contents of B-Cu and S-Cu were higher in women, while the contents of B-Zn and S-Zn were higher in men. Both trace elements were significantly increased in a group of persons above 40 when compared to a younger persons (≤ 40 years). According to smoking habits, increased content was found only for S-Mn in the nonsmoker’s group (p < 0.05). Comparing our results to the results reported in other population groups worldwide, the Serbian population had significantly reduced content of Se in both types of samples. This finding could highlight the deficiency of Se in the investigated Serbian population and could contribute to the better understanding of the molecular basis for the increased incidence of thyroid and other diseases in which selenium plays a key role.

This work explores the influence of annealing temperature on microstructural and optical characteristics of Ce3+- doped YPO4 nanopowders prepared by sol gel method. Samples were annealed at various temperatures (T = 300, 500, 700, 900, 1050 °C), their structure, morphology, and photoluminescent properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), TGA-DTA analysis and Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed their pure tetragonal zircon structure with average grain size from 5 nm up to 30 nm in dependence on the calcination temperature. The SEM image shows quasi-spherical agglomerated nanoparticles with no heterogenic size. Photoluminescence emission spectra of powders were recorded using excitation wavelength at 245 nm. We investigated the influence of annealing temperature on the optical properties, for samples annealed up to 700 °C no emission has been observed, but the emission increased with annealing temperature above 700° and the characteristic Ce3+ emission bands (4f1 →4f05d1) have been observed. Emission intensity increased with annealing temperature due to beter crystallinity and incorporation of Ce3+ ions in Y3+ site.

The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate whether soluble programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) and serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) are potential diagnostic, predictive or prognostic biomarkers in lung cancer.Lung cancer patients (n=115) with advanced metastatic disease, 101 with non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC (77 EGFR wild-type NSCLC patients on chemotherapy, 15 EGFR mutation positive adenocarcinoma patients, 9 patients with mPD-L1 Expression ≥50% NSCLC - responders to immunotherapy), and 14 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were examined. ELISA method was used to determine sPD-L1 and SAA1 concentrations in patients' plasma.Significantly higher blood concentrations of sPD-L1 and SAA1 were noted in lung cancer patients compared with a healthy control group. In PD-L1+ NSCLC patients, a significantly higher sPD-L1 level was noticed compared to any other lung cancer subgroup, as well as the highest average SAA1 value compared to other subgroups.It seems that sPD-1/PD-L1 might be a potential biomarker, prognostic and/ or predictive, particularly in patients treated with immunotherapy. Serum amyloid A1 has potential to act as a good predictor of patients' survival, as well as a biomarker of a more advanced disease, with possibly good capability to predict the course of disease measured at different time points.Cilj ove prospektivne studije je bio da proceni da li su solubilna forma molekula PD-1/PD-L1 (receptor za programiranu ćelijsku smrt-1/ligand za receptor) i serumski amiloid A1 (SAA1) potencijalni dijagnostički, prediktivni ili prognostički biomarkeri kod karcinoma pluća.Ispitivani su pacijenti sa uznapredovalim karcinomom pluća (n = 115), 101 sa nesitnoćelijskim karcino mom pluća, NSCLC (77 pacijenata sa EGFR wild type NSCLC lečenih standardnom hemioterapijom, 15 pacijenata sa adenokarcinomom koji ima EGFR aktivacijsku mutaciju, i 9 pacijenata sa NSCLC koji ima mPD-L1 ekspresiju ≥ 50%, a koji su odgovorili na imunoterapiju), i 14 pacijenata sa sitnoćelijskim karcinomom pluća (SCLC). Svim pacijentima su određene koncentracije sPD-L1 i SAA1 u plazmi ELISA metodom.Značajno više koncentracije sPD-L1 i SAA1 su uočene kod pacijenata sa karcinomom pluća u poređenju sa kontrolnom grupom zdravih pojedinaca. Kod pacijenata sa PD-L1+ NSCLC uočen je značajno viši nivo sPD-L1 u poređenju sa drugim podtipovima karcinoma pluća, kao i najviša prosečna vrednost SAA1.sPD-1/PD-L1 bi mogao da bude potencijalni biomarker, prognostički i/ili prediktivni, posebno kod pacijenata lečenih imunoterapijom. Serumski amiloid A1 je dobar prediktor preživljavanja, i takođe biomarker uznapredovale bolesti, sa mogućim dobrim potencijalom da predvidi tok bolesti ako se meri u različitim vremenskim tačkama.

Playfulness in adulthood has been shown to be un-researched scientific issue. We believe that it is because of earlier non-recognition of this issue as a special field of study, but also the existence of a popular belief that the playful activities are reserved only for children. Just because of the lack of initiative and coherent researches that take into account playful activities in adulthood and characteristic of playfulness as a personal trait this research can be considered as the first research of that kind in the Republic of Serbia. The aim of this research is to determine adult perceptions of their playfulness and dominant cognitive qualities of playfulness. Adult Playfulness Trait Scale was used (APTS, Shen, Chick & Zin, 2014) to explore adult playfulness and inherent cognitive characteristic of this personal trait. Research sample consists of 1234 adult individuals aged from 18 to above 60 years from a cities and villages of Serbian area. The results of this research show that respondents recognize and highly value all tree sub-dimensions of playfulness trait: fun-seeking motivation, uninhibitedness and spontaneity. An important finding of this research is one that indicates on the characteristics of fun-seeking motivation sub-dimension as dominant one.

Details of preparation, spectroscopic and structural studies along with crystal field calculations for two Cr3+ doped spinels MgAl2O4 and ZnAl2O4 are given in the present paper. Both compounds show efficient red emission at about 685 nm, which is due to the E-2(g) - GT (4)A(2g) spin-forbidden transition of Cr3+ ions located at the sites with D-3d local symmetry. Analysis of structure of the CrO6 clusters was performed; comparison of the crystal field effects in both compounds revealed that the low-symmetry splitting of the orbital triplet states is more pronounced in ZnAl2O4. Both compounds show potential for applications as red-emitting phosphors. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Lanthanide-doped GdVO4 nanorods that exhibit upconversion emission under 982 nm excitation have been prepared by a facile room-temperature chemical co-precipitation method followed by a subsequent annealing at temperatures of 600 degrees C, 800 degrees C and 1000 degrees C. Multicolor upconversion emission, including white, was achieved by tuning the concentrations of dopant lanthanide ions (Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+) in GdVO4. It is found that four GdVO4 samples emit light with the white chromaticity coordinates of (0.326, 0.339), (0.346, 0.343), (0.323, 0327) and (0.342, 0.340) respectively, under a single-wavelength NIR excitation. These coordinates are very close to the standard equal energy white light coordinates (0333, 0.333) according to the 1931 CIE diagram. By varying dopant lanthanide concentrations in nanorods it is possible to produce upconversion emission with colors between red (0.504, 0369), green (0.282, 0.577) and blue (0.142, 0.125) coordinates. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

From the aspect of personality development, physical and health education (PHE) has a special role and is of particular importance in primary school since it is the period of the most intense growth and development of children. Given the specific characteristics of this age group and the potential that PHE has during this period, this paper aims to determine primary school students' opinions on the achievement of the main objectives of PHE. The sample is intentional and includes 160 fifth grade and eighth grade students. The study used a three-level assessment scale whose items related to the four main objectives of physical and health education expressed by age-adjusted formulations. The results of the research show that the pedagogical objective of physical education is the most dominant one, while health and hygiene, and the recreational objective are less present in the teaching process. The educational objective of PHE and its achievement in the classes is the most sensitive issue of the primary school practice studied. The findings have served as a basis to draw a number of conclusions and pedagogical implications aimed at improving the status of the issue analyzed by this study.

Introduction: Between February and November 2016, 17 tuberculosis (TB) cases were identified among high school students in Novi Pazar, Serbia. The objectives of our study were to describe the outbreak, to identify potential risk factors and to evaluate the applied control measures. Methodology: The outbreak was described by time, person and place. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Attack rates, unadjusted relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Multiple log-binomial regression analysis was performed to calculate adjusted RR. Results: Sixteen of the total 17 cases occurred among grade 3 students, AR 5.5%. Previous TB family history, (RR = 5.29; 95% CI = 1.63-17.12), spending time with a known TB case at school (RR = 5.38; 95% CI = 1.48-19.55) and exposure to secondhand smoke (RR = 3.37; 95% CI = 1.11-10.29) were all significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of TB. Conclusions: Delayed diagnosis and reporting resulted in delayed initiation of the contact investigation and non-identification of latent TB cases probably favored the occurrence of this outbreak in a low incidence country. Public health authorities should consider revising the existing guidelines, promoting inter-sectorial collaboration and increasing awareness of public health professionals.

EMPIRE is an international, multicentre registry of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients in Central and Eastern Europe. Two approved treatments are available, nintedanib and pirfenidone. Nintedanib may increase the risk of bleeding and patients treated with anticoagulants were excluded from clinical trials. Our aim was to examine bleeding risk with current treatments in EMPIRE patients. IPF patients (N=1528) were divided into four groups: Group A (no anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy; N=984); Group B (anticoagulant treatment; N=131); Group C (antiplatelet treatment; N=371); Group D (anticoagulant and antiplatelet treatment; N=42). Nintedanib was used in 203 (13.7%), pirfenidone in 283 (19.1%) patients. FVC was similar in all groups; only 5-10% of patients had FVC In EMPIRE, patients on anticoagulant medications are less frequently receiving nintedanib therapy, which might be due to the mode of action of nintedanib. Overall, the incidence of bleeding events was very low.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare, deadly lung disease. Diagnosis and treatment possibilities are dependent on countries’ health systems. Comparison between countries is difficult due to data heterogenity. Our aim was to analyze IPF patients in Central and Eastern Europe using the uniform data from European Multipartner IPF registry (EMPIRE) involving 7 countries. Newly diagnosed IPF patients (n=1114) from Czech Republic (n=554, 70.0% men (M)), Turkey (n=197, 74.2% M), Poland (n=140, 72.9% M), Slovakia (n=89, 70.8% M), Hungary (n=88, 48.9% M), Serbia (n=28, 42.9% M) and Croatia (n=21, 90.5% M) were included. Baseline characteristics, lung function, HRCT pattern, comorbidities and treatment data were analyzed. Patients were significantly older in Poland than in Turkey and Serbia. Former smokers were most common in Croatia (95.5%), least frequent in Serbia (35.7%). Baseline FVC was between 50-80% in 50.9% and >80% in 42.2% of patients. Most IPF patients with FVC>80% were registered in Poland (61%) and Slovakia (58%); the lowest in Croatia (32%) and Turkey (33%). Typical UIP pattern was present in 75.4% of all patients, ranging from 96.4% (Turkey) to 57.1% (Serbia). Most common comorbidities were cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, with huge intercountry differences. Majority of patients did not receive antifibrotic therapy; only 31.5% ever used pirfenidone (range 4.3-46.7% between countries) and 22.1% nintedanib (range 0-71.4% between countries) treatment. Significant differences in IPF patient characteristics and access to antifibrotic therapies exist in EMPIRE countries which needs further investigation and strategies to improve patient care in this region.

Aims: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) clinical behaviour is mostly known only from clinical trials and from single center or country experiences. We aim to show real world of IPF in Central and Eastern Europe on the data from European Multipartner IPF registry (EMPIRE) which currently involves 8 European countries. Patients and methods: The analysis was performed on 2048 patients (626 F; 1422 M; 834 (40.7%) non-smokers; 817 from the Czech republic, 377 Turkey, 366 Poland, 182 Hungary, 159 Slovakia, 84 Serbia, 45 Croatia, 18 Israel). Baseline demographic data, lung function, and HRCT patterns were collected and their relations to survival were statistically evaluated. Results: Median age was 67.7 years (range 50.1–81.9), symptom duration 11.0 (range 1.0-50.0) months. Median forced vital capacity (FVC) was 76.2% (range 47.1-111.6) and transfer factor (TLCO) 47% (range 22.2-78.6). Typical HRCT pattern (definite UIP) was seen in 1550 patients (75.5%), and atypical (possible or inconsistent with UIP) in 491 (24.5%). 662 patients were on pirfenidone and 481 on nintedanib. Survival was significantly longer in females (p ˂0.001), in the patients with higher FVC and TLCO (p ˂0.001), non-smokers (p=0.021) and the patients with atypical HRCT presentation (p=0.011). Also pirfenidone (p=0.033) and nintedanib (p ˂0.001) treatment offered survival advantage compared to any other or no therapy. Conclusion: Better outcome was observed in females and in the patients with better initial FVC and TLCO, with atypical HRCT pattern and in those on anti-fibrotic treatment. The EMPIRE registry can show IPF in real world and prove effectivity of anti-fibrotic treatment across the diversity of IPF compared to randomized clinical trials.

Setting: Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is a chronic, often unrecognized form of the disease with a complicated clinical course and significant airway complications. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate common clinical features amongst individuals with bronchoscopic biopsy proven EBTB during a 20 year period in Serbia. Design: An observational study of 212 patients with bronchoscopic biopsy proven EBTB between January 1993 and December 2012. Retrospective case note review was undertaken, including all clinical, microbiological and radiological evidence, at the University Hospital of Pulmonology, Belgrade. Results: All patients were caucasian and HIV-negative, with a male to female ratio of 1.28:1. Every patient had an abnormal chest X-ray. The most common endoscopic features were oedematous hypereamic (39.2%) and nonspecific bronchitis (35.8%). Microbiological culture rate was 64.6%. Sputum culture was positive in 55.2%, bronchial washing culture positive in 36.8%, and both in 27.4%. Conclusion: Most patients with EBTB have concurrent pulmonary lesions. Bronchoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool for EBTB. Early diagnosis and early onset of therapy is of crucial importance to prevent the development of bronchostenosis.

Both, novel and older widely and routinely used methods of chemical synthesis fornew multifunctional inorganic (nano) materials with different sizes and morphologies are reviewed and summarized in this chapter. Illustrative examples of micro- and nanoparticle preparations are provided regarding different applications: renewable and sustainable energy harvesting, water splitting and hydrogen generation, fuel and solar cell devices, luminescent materials for white light–emitting diodes and clean environment. We give our perspective on the current status of the topic: methods of colloidal chemistry, coprecipitation, reverse-micelle technique, sol–gel, spray pyrolysis, microwave-assisted hydrothermal/solvothermal method, and high-temperature solid-state method are covered in more detail and more emphasis is placed on methods of synthesis, steps involved in experimental procedure and applicability, advantages, and disadvantages of each synthetic approach.

Herein, fine powders of yellow pigments based on BiVO4 were successfully prepared in two crystalline forms, tetragonal zircon-structured and monoclinic scheelite-structured, through a ethylene glycol-assisted method subjected to a thermal treatment at two different temperatures. The obtained materials were brightly colored with different hues of yellow, exhibited high reflection in the near-infrared region and showed visible luminescence under excitation by UV light. The new preparation method had a considerable effect on chromatic properties of the prepared scheelite-structured BiVO4 pigments. The sample with the most vivid and bright shade of yellow was found to have the L*a*b* and L*C* ab h* ab color coordinates of (87.28, 0.37, 91.53) and (87.28, 91.53, 89.79), which are indicative of exceptionally good chromatic properties superior and/or comparable to those of other inorganic yellow pigments, both commercially available and recently described. In addition, the NIR reflectance of this powder was very high (≥ 80%). © 2018 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

All authors acknowledge to the COST Action CM1403: The European upconversion network - from the design of photon-upconverting nanomaterials to biomedical applications (2014–2018). The authors from the University of Belgrade acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project Nos. 45020 and 172056 ). K. S. acknowledges the Latvian National Research Program IMIS2 (Grant No. 302/2012 ). T. G. acknowledges the ERDF PostDoc project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/1/16/215 ( 1.1.1.2/16/I/001 )., In recent years, there exists a tendency in research of up-conversion materials to shift excitation from 980 nm to shorter wavelengths. Here, in order to produce up-conversion luminescence emission of GdVO4-based materials under 808 nm excitation, polycrystalline powders of GdVO4:Er3+/Nd3+ and GdVO4:Ho3+/Nd3+ were successfully prepared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction technique. The prepared powders were highly crystalline with a single-phase zircon-type GdVO4 structure and consisted of micrometer-sized irregular spherical particles (2–6 μm in diameter). In all studied samples, visible up-conversion luminescence was successfully achieved under 808 nm illumination. Near-infrared pumping produced emission bands in the green, yellow-orange and green regions of the visible spectrum. The bands in the green and red regions of GdVO4: Er3+/Nd3+ as well as GdVO4:Ho3+/Nd3+ were, respectively, characteristic of Er3+ and Ho3+ ions. The dominant band originating from the 4G7/2 → 4I11/2 transition in Nd3+ ions was observed around 597 nm in all samples., COST Action CM1403 (2014–2018); Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project Nos. 45020 and 172056 ); Latvian National Research Program IMIS2 (Grant No. 302/2012 ); ERDF PostDoc project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/1/16/215 ( 1.1.1.2/16/I/001 ); Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART²

In this paper, we focused on the size effects of GdVO4:2mol% Dy3+ and DyVO4 particles on their structural and optical properties. Highly crystalline particles of different sizes and morphologies with tetragonal zircon-type phase were successfully synthesized by using different techniques of synthesis, such as reverse micelles, co-precipitation and hightemperature solid-state methods. The prepared samples exhibited a number of similarity and diversity in structural and optical properties with a decreasing in particle diameter.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has common risk factors with cancer and significant similarities in the pathobiology process, both diseases having poor outcomes. Immune checkpoint PD-L1 has become the target of checkpoint inhibitory therapy that unleashes antitumor T cells and has revolutionized cancer treatment. This is a pilot study exploring membrane immune checkpoint PD-L1 expression in human IPF lung tissue samples and its soluble form, soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) plasma concentrations in IPF patients, in order to investigate potential role of PD-L1 as an IPF biomarker. Methods: Twelve human IPF lung tissue samples (formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded) obtained by surgical biopsy, have been tested for PD-L1 expression by PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay, while plasma samples for examination of sPD-L1 forms, PD-L1 (B7-H1/CD274) blood concentration, originated from 23 patients with IPF who did not undergo surgical biopsy. Results: Membrane PD-L1 expression in IPF lung tissue samples was positive to overexpression of PD-L1 in 9 samples out of 12. Only very few cells in the interstitium have shown a discrete PD-L1 expression, but not of a membrane type. As for sPD-L1 forms, we have found elevated concentrations of sPD-L1 in the serum of IPF patients 314.3 ng/L (117.7–483.1 ng/L), significantly higher compared with healthy control group 91.0 ng/L (52.4–119.7 ng/L), P Conclusions: For IPF with PD-L1 expression on alveolar macrophages, further studies are necessary to elucidate this phenomenon. Serum sPD-1/PD-L1 is easily detected in clinical practice and should be further evaluated as a potential prognostic or/and predictive biomarker in IPF.

T. G. acknowledges the ERDF PostDoc project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/1/16/215 (1.1.1.2/16/I/001). K. S. and K. L. acknowledge the Latvian National Research Program IMIS2. The authors from Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project No: 45020 and 172056 )., Nanoparticles (5 nm) and nanorods (2 nm × 15 nm and 4 nm × 20 nm) of monoclinic monazite LaPO4:Eu3+ were prepared by reverse micelle and co-precipitation techniques. Effects of the particle size and surface defects on the intensity of luminescence and the emission spectrum shapes were analyzed by high resolution spectroscopy under laser (266 nm) and X-rays excitation. All synthesized LaPO4:Eu3+ samples showed similar spectral features with characteristic Eu3+ ions emission bands: 5D0→7F0 centered at 578.4 nm, magnetic-dipole transition 5D0→7F1 at 588–595 nm, electric-dipole transition 5D0→7F2 at 611.5–620.5 nm, 5D0→7F3 at (648–652 nm) and 5D0→7F4 at (684–702.5 nm), with the most dominant electric-dipole 5D0→7F2 transition. Additionally, the thermally stimulated luminescence was studied for the most dominant peak at 611.5 nm. It was shown that the Eu3+ doping creates traps in all samples. Two prominent and well resolved glow peaks at 58.7 K and 172.3 K were detected for 5 nm nanoparticles, while low-intensity glow-peaks at 212.1 K and 212.2 K were observed in the X-rays irradiated nanorods. Displayed glows could be attributed to free and bound electrons and holes or to the recombination of electrons of ionized oxygen vacancies with photogenerated holes. To obtain information about the processes and specific defect type it is necessary to carry out additional analysis for all synthesized samples. The glow curves were analyzed and trap parameters were estimated and discussed throughout the paper., ERDF PostDoc project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/1/16/215 (1.1.1.2/16/I/001); IMIS2; Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project No: 45020 and 172056 ); Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART²