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57. The Consequences of Competition in Organizations

Author

Smith, Samantha Nicole, primary, Doyle, Sarah, additional, Grad, Tom, additional, Nurmohamed, Samir, additional, Pai, Jieun, additional, Bendersky, Corinne, additional, Chang, Edward, additional, Kim, Hee Young, additional, Kim, Sijun, additional, Kirgios, Erika, additional, Milkman, Katherine, additional, Riedl, Christoph, additional, and Schwingel-Sauer, Zoe, additional

Published
2022
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68. Pipeline Construction, Environmental Compliance Can Co-Exist

Author

Siegel, Martin R. and Doyle, Sarah L.

Subjects
Pipelines, Environmental auditing, Mediation, Tax administration, Business, Petroleum, energy and mining industries
Abstract

'It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. It was the age of opportunities, it was the age of carelessness. It was the epoch of market [...]

Published
2018

69. World of Abstraction.

Author

Doyle, Sarah

Subjects
PHOTOGRAPHY, ABSTRACT art, TRAVEL, ABSTRACT photography
Abstract

The article offers information about photographer Sarah Doyle and her series "Make the World Go Away," which serves as a release from everyday stresses through playful and fun abstractions. It uses experimentation as a way of traveling to and inventing new places, creating her own world through colors, lines, light, and shadow.

Published
2023

78. Are We Essential, or Sacrificial? The Effects of Felt Public Gratitude on Essential Worker Recovery Activities During COVID-19

Author

Kim, Hee Young, Kim, Sijun, Howell, Taeya M., Doyle, Sarah P., Pettit, Nathan C., and Bizzarro, Michael

Abstract

COVID-19 has been characterized by unprecedented levels of public gratitude to some, but not all, essential workers. In this research, we integrate insights from the stigmatized occupations and gratitude literature to build theory on the positive andnegative relationships between such displays of public gratitude and essential workers’ recovery activities. We argue that felt public gratitude positively relates to adaptiverecovery activities (e.g., exercise) and negatively relates to maladaptiverecovery activities (e.g., overdrinking). We further explain how felt public gratitude impacts (mal)adaptive recovery activities through (a) felt invisibility and (b) negative/positive affect. We find support for our predictions in a two-wave survey of 186 corrections officers (Study 1) and an experiment with 379 essential workers across a variety of industries (Study 2).

Published
2023
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79. Refractory Kawasaki disease: diagnostic and management challenges

Author

Duignan, Sophie, Doyle, Sarah L, and McMahon, Colin J

Subjects
inflammation, Kawasaki, aneurysm, arteritis, Review, coronary, vasculitis
Abstract

Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute, self-limiting, medium-sized arterial vasculitis, is now the most common cause of acquired heart disease in childhood in the developed world. In this review, we discuss the diagnosis of KD, predicting resistance to traditional therapy and treatment options in refractory or high-risk disease. We also highlight ongoing clinical trials and other potential avenues of research which may prove beneficial in managing children, especially those with resistant KD.

Published
2019

84. Estimation of the serial interval and proportion of pre-symptomatic transmission events of COVID??19 in Ireland using contact tracing data

Author

McAloon, Conor G., Wall, Patrick, Griffin, John, Casey, Miriam, Barber, Ann, Codd, Mary, Gormley, Eamonn, Butler, Francis, McV Messam, Locksley L., Walsh, Cathal, Teljeur, Conor, Smyth, Breda, Nolan, Philip, Green, Martin J., Culhane, Kieran, Buckley, Claire, Carroll, Ciara, Doyle, Sarah, Martin, Jennifer, and More, Simon J.

Subjects
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Abstract

BackgroundThe serial interval is the period of time between the onset of symptoms in an infector and an infectee and is an important parameter which can impact on the estimation of the reproduction number. Whilst several parameters influencing infection transmission are expected to be consistent across populations, the serial interval can vary across and within populations over time. Therefore, local estimates are preferable for use in epidemiological models developed at a regional level. We used data collected as part of the national contact tracing process in Ireland to estimate the serial interval of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Irish population, and to estimate the proportion of transmission events that occurred prior to the onset of symptoms.ResultsAfter data cleaning, the final dataset consisted of 471 infected close contacts from 471 primary cases. The median serial interval was 4?days, mean serial interval was 4.0 (95% confidence intervals 3.7, 4.3) days, whilst the 25th and 75th percentiles were 2 and 6?days respectively. We found that intervals were lower when the primary or secondary case were in the older age cohort (greater than 64?years). Simulating from an incubation period distribution from international literature, we estimated that 67% of transmission events had greater than 50% probability of occurring prior to the onset of symptoms in the infector.ConclusionsWhilst our analysis was based on a large sample size, data were collected for the primary purpose of interrupting transmission chains. Similar to other studies estimating the serial interval, our analysis is restricted to transmission pairs where the infector is known with some degree of certainty. Such pairs may represent more intense contacts with infected individuals than might occur in the overall population. It is therefore possible that our analysis is biased towards shorter serial intervals than the overall population.

Published
2021

85. Case Report: Utilization of Urinary Neurotransmitter Metabolite Testing and Natural Supplements in the Management of Disordered Eating.

Author

Doyle, Sarah E.

Abstract

Diagnosing and treating mental health disorders can be challenging. Healthcare providers do their best to assess symptoms and predict which drug(s) may provide the patient with relief. Symptoms of individual neurotransmitter imbalances sometimes overlap, making it difficult for the provider to know where to target pharmacological treatment. The measurement of neurotransmitter urinary metabolites before initiating an intervention possesses great potential as a significant clinical tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

92. Additional file 1 of Estimation of the serial interval and proportion of pre-symptomatic transmission events of COVID− 19 in Ireland using contact tracing data

Author

McAloon, Conor G., Wall, Patrick, Griffin, John, Casey, Miriam, Barber, Ann, Codd, Mary, Gormley, Eamonn, Butler, Francis, Locksley L. McV Messam, Walsh, Cathal, Teljeur, Conor, Smyth, Breda, Nolan, Philip, Green, Martin J., O’Grady, Luke, Culhane, Kieran, Buckley, Claire, Carroll, Ciara, Doyle, Sarah, Martin, Jennifer, and More, Simon J.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Secondary or tertiary case? Potential to mis-specify the infector when the primary case results in multiple secondary cases (left). The green circle represents the primary case, the blue circle a contact who did not become a case, and orange circles represent contacts who subsequently became cases. Incorrectly identifying two secondary cases as a secondary and tertiary case (right; that is, an intermediate step infector in a close co-contact) would result in a biased estimate of the serial interval. Figure S2. Secondary case or common source? Potential to mis-specify the infector when both the primary case and the case in a recorded contact are acquired from a common unidentified source (ie community transmission). The green circle represents the primary case, the blue circle a contact who did not become a case, and orange circles represent contacts of a case who subsequently became cases. Figure S3. Relationship between serial interval, incubation period and time of infection relative to symptom onset of the infector. Symptom onset is indicated with an ‘X’. Table S1. Impact of each data cleaning step on number of records. Table S2. Impact of restricting data according to the number of secondary cases per primary case.

Published
2021
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93. Additional file 1 of Numbers of close contacts of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 and their association with government intervention strategies

Author

McAloon, Conor G., Wall, Patrick, Butler, Francis, Codd, Mary, Gormley, Eamonn, Walsh, Cathal, Duggan, Jim, Murphy, T. Brendan, Nolan, Philip, Smyth, Breda, O���Brien, Katie, Teljeur, Conor, Green, Martin J., O���Grady, Luke, Culhane, Kieran, Buckley, Claire, Carroll, Ciara, Doyle, Sarah, Martin, Jennifer, and More, Simon J.

Subjects
Data_FILES
Abstract

Additional file 1.

Published
2021
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94. To Speak Up or Not to, That Is the Question: How a Norm Violator’s Status Affects an Observer’s Voice

Author

Doyle, Sarah P., Podsakoff, Nathan P., Kim, Sijun, Doyle, Sarah P., Podsakoff, Nathan P., and Kim, Sijun

Abstract

Individuals often witness their peers’ norm violating behaviors, yet frequently they decide to remain silent for the observed violation despite its potential negative impact on achieving organizational goals. I argue that the social status of a peer violating norms influences the observer’s choice between speaking up (i.e., voice) and remaining silent (i.e., silence) about the peer’s norm violation. Drawing from social exchange theory, I predict that a peer’s social status is positively related to interpersonal trust in the peer such that individuals are more likely to trust peers who have higher social status. Additionally, I propose that interpersonal trust is expected to decrease the likelihood that an observed norm violation of these peers is voiced. A field study and an experiment were conducted to test my research model. In a multi-wave field survey from 139 West Point cadets who observed 312 norm violations in 73 squads, I find support for my prediction that a norm violator’s social status is indirectly related to an observer’s voice via their interpersonal trust in the norm-violating peer. The experiment I conducted using responses from 189 Prolific workers does not replicate the negative relationship between observer interpersonal trust and their voice. However, the findings from it indicate that interpersonal trust affects the amount of anger-signaling language used in the voice content and observers’ attributions of an other-oriented motive to the norm violator. My dissertation research extends the understanding of the relationship between status and voice especially at the event (i.e., episodic) level, and provides implications on why and how observed norm violations are overlooked rather than communicated to the person in authority (e.g., leader).

Published
2021

95. NLRP3 has a protective role in age-related macular degeneration through the induction of IL-18 by drusen components

Author

Doyle, Sarah L., Campbell, Matthew, Ozaki, Ema, Salomon, Robert G., Mori, Andres, Kenna, Paul F., Farrar, Gwyneth Jane, Kiang, Anna-Sophia, Humphries, Marian M., Lavelle, Ed C., O'Neill, Luke A.J., Hollyfield, Joe G., and Humphries, Peter

Subjects
Macular degeneration -- Development and progression -- Genetic aspects -- Care and treatment -- Research, Cell receptors -- Physiological aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Interleukin-18 -- Physiological aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Biological sciences, Health
Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central vision loss worldwide. Drusen accumulation is the major pathological hallmark common to both dry and wet AMD. Although activation of the immune system has been implicated in disease progression, the pathways involved are unclear. Here we show that drusen isolated from donor AMD eyes activates the NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, causing secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Drusen component C1Q also activates the NLRP3 inflammasome. Moreover, the oxidative-stress-related protein-modification carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP), a biomarker of AMD, primes the inflammasome. We found cleaved caspase-1 and NLRP3 in activated macrophages in the retinas of mice immunized with CEP-adducted mouse serum albumin, modeling a dry-AMD-like pathology. We show that laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV), a mouse model of wet AMD, is exacerbated in [Nlrp3.sup.-/-] but not [Il1r1.sup.-/-] mice, directly implicating IL-18 in the regulation of CNV development. These findings indicate a protective role for NLRP3 and IL-18 in the progression of AMD., In the developed world, AMD is the most prevalent cause of legal blindness in older individuals (1), (2). AMD is a progressive disease characterized by the accumulation of focal extracellular [...]

Published
2012
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