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A 70-year-old female patient was referred to the stomatology clinic for evaluation of an injury on her tongue. On medical history, it was found she was a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, using antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, and antihistamine agents along with insulin, eye drops, and sedatives. She was also being seen by an endocrinologist. She is allergic to many medications (acetylsalicylic acid and its derivatives, dipyrone, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). On oral examination, the patient had a dry oral mucosa with little lubrication and mild candidosis of the tongue, treated by ketoconazole. The clinical diagnosis was Sjogren syndrome. Anti-SSA and anti-SSB were found to be positive. A rheumatoid factor (RF) test was within the normal limits, as was the hemogram. The patient has not yet consented to lip biopsy due to decompensated diabetes (glycated hemoglobin 7.6% and fasting glycemia 115 mg/dL). The patient was referred to the doctor for diabetes control and is under proper follow-up care.

A 41-year-old male patient, a white farmer, was referred to the stomatology clinic diagnosed as having actinic cheilitis. Clinically, atrophic and leukoplastic areas were observed throughout the lower lip, and loss of the border between the red lip skin and the cutaneous portion. An incisional biopsy was performed in the leukoplastic area, and histopathologic examination showed atrophic and atypical stratified orthokeratinized pavement epithelium with severe oral epithelial dysplasia. The therapeutic approach was the removal of all leukoplastic areas using the high-intensity diode laser for re-epithelialization of the affected mucosa. Proper follow-up is being performed every 3 months, and after 9 months, no signs of relapse were observed. Because of the potential for malignancy of actinic cheilitis and the presence of dysplastic epithelial alterations, an early approach is justified. The vaporization of the labial tissues with high-intensity diode laser was effective in superficial removal of affected tissues.

Purpose Studies addressing the changes in craniofacial morphology of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) are important for a better understanding of the progression of this disease. The present objective was to identify major cephalometric abnormalities in these patients. Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional case-and-control study. The sample was composed of 2 types of study subjects (patients with MPS and normal subjects). The outcome variables were numerous cephalometric elements that measure facial height, dental positioning, facial growth pattern, and mandibular and maxillary positioning. The Student t test was used to compare the mean angular and linear measurements of the case and control groups and the level of significance was set at a P value less than .05. The Bonferroni method was used for adjustment of the P value ( P Results The control group consisted of randomly selected subjects matched to the patients with MPS for the demographic variables of gender and age. Seventeen patients with MPS were evaluated (64.7% female). The mean age of the sample was 13.29 years. One patient had MPS I, 8 had MPS IV, and 8 had MPS VI. The results showed important differences between groups in angular measurements (angle formed by the line between the sella and nasion [SN] and the plane of the gonion and gnathion, angle formed by the intersection of the gnathion point and the SN line, angle formed by the intersection of the long axis of the lower incisor with the line between the nasion and the B point, angle formed by the intersection of the long axes of the upper and lower incisors, and angle formed by the Frankfort horizontal plane with the mandibular plane) and linear measurements (condyle to A point, condyle to gnathion, pro-nasal ( Pn) point to the line between the pogonion and upper incisor, and the nearest point of the anterior half of the soft palate to the posterior pharyngeal wall). The angle formed by the SN line with the plane between the gonion and the gnathion and the distance from the condyle to the A point showed meaningful differences after Bonferroni adjustment. Conclusion Patients with MPS present a tendency toward vertical growth that results in a dolichocephalic facial pattern. In addition, a smaller nasopharyngeal space was observed, a factor that might be responsible for the mouth breathing observed in these patients.

Background Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a potentially malignant disorder of the lip caused by exposure to solar radiation. Objectives This study was conducted to evaluate the clinicopathologic profile of cases of AC and to verify associations with the degree of dysplasia. Methods This retrospective study analyzed data for 40 patients with AC. Demographic, clinical, and histopathologic data were evaluated. Sections measuring 5 μm in thickness were cut, deparaffinized, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histologic examination. The degree of epithelial dysplasia was graded using the criteria defined by the World Health Organization. Two calibrated oral pathologists analyzed the slides. Results Analysis of the AC patients sampled showed that 75.0% were male (P = 0.002), 80.0% were aged ≥40 years (P

Objective To evaluate the clinical-pathological profile of patients with minor salivary gland neoplasms. Methods A retrospective study of specific cases diagnosed as benign and malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands was performed. The data were collected from medical records of patients seen at a hospital over a period of 15 years. The sample was made up of 37 cases. For the pathological study, slides containing 5μm thick sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were used. The data were tabulated using descriptive statistics. Results Malignant neoplasms represented 70.3% of cases. The mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common neoplasm (45.9%), followed by pleomorphic adenoma (24.4%). Most patients were female (70.3%), aged between 71 and 80 years. The palate (67.6%) and the retromolar region (10.8%) were the most affected sites. Conclusion Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common tumor in minor salivary glands. These tumors are more common in females aged over 40 years. The palate was the most common affected site. RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o perfil clínico-patológico de pacientes com neoplasias de glândula salivar menor. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de casos específicos diagnosticados como neoplasias benignas ou malignas de glândula salivar menor. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários dos pacientes atendidos em um hospital no período de 15 anos. A amostra final foi de 37 casos. Para o estudo histopatológico, foram usadas lâminas contendo secções com 5μm de espessura, coradas pela técnica de hematoxilina e eosina. Os dados foram tabulados de forma descritiva. Resultados As neoplasias malignas representaram 70,3% dos casos. O tipo histológico mais prevalente foi o carcinoma mucoepidermoide (45,9%), seguido do adenoma pleomórfico (24,4%). A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino (70,3%), com idade entre 71 e 80 anos. O palato (67,6%) e a região retromolar (10,8%) foram os sítios mais acometidos. Conclusão O carcinoma mucoepidermoide foi o tumor mais comum das glândulas salivares menores. Estes tumores foram mais comuns em mulheres com mais de 40 anos. O palato foi o sítio mais acometido.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking and socio-demographic and behavioral factors among undergraduate students in the area of health at the State University of Paraíba, Brazil. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample from each of the following courses: Dentistry, Nursing, Psychology, Pharmacy, Physical Therapy and Physical Education. A total of 492 students were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used for statistical analysis at a 5% level of significance. Smoking prevalence was 5.7% and stress was the main reason for starting the habit (36.8%). In the multivariate analysis by logistic regression, the variables of gender, religious persuasion, semester attended in the course, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with smoking (pAvaliar a relação entre o tabagismo e os fatores comportamentais e sociodemográficos entre acadêmicos da área de saúde da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB). Foi realizado um estudo transversal analítico, no qual foi obtida uma amostra representativa de cada curso (Odontologia, Enfermagem, Psicologia, Farmácia, Fisioterapia e Educação Física). Foram entrevistados 492 alunos por meio de formulário estruturado. Os testes estatísticos utilizados foram Qui-quadrado e o Exato de Fisher (significância de 5%). A prevalência de tabagismo foi de 5,7% e o estresse foi a principal razão para o início do hábito (36,8%). Na análise multivariada por regressão logística as variáveis, sexo, prática de religião, período cursado e consumo etílico apresentaram-se associadas ao hábito de fumar (p

Background Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) has been described as a condition that characteristically affects the jaws of middle-aged black women. Radiographically, FCOD appears as dense, lobulated masses, often symmetrically located in various regions of the jaws. FCOD is usually asymptomatic. In severe cases, focal expansion may occur due to infection. Management of the symptomatic patient is more difficult due to the avascular nature of the lesion which contributes to susceptibility severe infection, bone sequestration, and osteomyelitis when surgery is performed. Case report This paper presents a rare case of severe FCOD; the black woman patient was diagnosed based on clinical and radiographic findings and treated conservatively. The examination of panoramic radiographs revealed a multiple sclerotic masses with radiolucent borders, found in the mandible and maxilla which were symmetrical at presentation. The patient continuous with the follow-up. Discussion This report confirms that a diagnosis can be made with accurate clinical and radiographic assessment. The correct selection of treatment for FCOD depends on this information.

Os objetivos desse estudo foram determinar a prevalência de maloclusão e a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico em pacientes de 18 a 50 anos de idade atendidos nas clínicas odontológicas da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. A amostra compreendeu 156 pacientes (65,4% mulheres e 34,6% homens). O diagnóstico da maloclusão foi feito com o uso do Índice de Estética Dental (DAI) por meio de dois examinadores calibrados (K = 0,71). A análise estatística utilizou os testes do Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher, com nível de significância de 5%. A prevalência de maloclusão foi 63,5%. Observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre a perda de elemento dentário na região anterior e a severidade da maloclusão (p = 0,000; OR = 21,06 [8,47-53,90]). Metade dos pacientes não estava satisfeita com o sorriso, existindo diferença estatisticamente significante entre a severidade da maloclusão e a satisfação ao sorrir (p = 0,015; OR = 2,23 [1,16-4,71]). Conclui-se que a prevalência de maloclusão foi alta, sendo mais frequente o apinhamento no segmento incisal. Um terço dos pacientes portava maloclusão muito severa/incapacitante, sendo verificada associação entre a severidade da maloclusão e a satisfação ao sorrir.The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of malocclusion and the orthodontic treatment needs in patients aged 18 to 50 years attending the dental clinics of the State University of Paraíba, Brazil. The sample was composed of 156 patients (65.4% females and 34.6% males). The diagnosis of malocclusion was established by two calibrated examiners (K = 0.71) using the Dental Aesthetics Index (DAI). The Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used for statistical analysis of the data at 5% significance level. The prevalence of malocclusion was 63.5%. There was statistically significant difference between tooth loss in the anterior region and malocclusion severity (p = 0.000; OR = 21.06 [8.47-53.90]). Half of the patients were not satisfied with their smile, with statistically significant difference between malocclusion severity and satisfaction at smiling (p = 0.015; OR= 2.23 [1.16-4.71]). In conclusion, the prevalence of malocclusions was high, the most frequent being crowding in the incisal segment. One third of the patients presented very severe/incapacitating malocclusion, existing association between malocclusion severity and satisfaction at smiling.

Purpose: To investigate the characteristics and distribution of the cases of mandibular fractures due to external causes treated at the Hospital Regional d...

This study aims to evaluate and verify the relationship between the immunoexpression of hMSH2, p53 and p21 in actinic cheilitis (AC) and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases. Forty AC and 40 SCC cases were submitted to immunoperoxidase method and quantitatively analyzed. Expression was compared by Mann–Whitney test, Student t test or one-way ANOVA. To correlate the variables, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated. The expression of p53 and p21 showed no significant differences between histopathological grades of AC or lower lip SCC (p > 0.05). Immunoexpression of p53 was higher in SCC than in AC (p < 0.001), while p21 expression was more observed in AC when compared to SCC group (p = 0.006). The AC group revealed an inverse correlation between p53 and hMSH2 expression (r = −0.30, p = 0.006). Alterations in p53 and p21 expression suggest that these proteins are involved in lower lip carcinogenesis. Moreover, p53 and hMSH2 seem to be interrelated in early events of this process.

Objetivo: verificar o conhecimento dos cirurgioes-dentistas das Estrategias de Saude da Familia (ESF) do municipio de Patos-PB, no atendimento a pacientes com Hipertensao Arterial (HA). Metodos: foi um estudo do tipo transversal e analitico, no qual foi aplicado questionario estruturado com 21 profissionais das ESFs de Patos-PB. Os dados obtidos foram analisados a partir da estatistica descritiva e inferencial bivariada (testes qui-quadrado e exato de Ficher). Resultados: dos pesquisados, 85,7% souberam definir hipertensao arterial, mas apenas 44,4% destes responderam corretamente; 95,2% responderam corretamente o valor normal da pressao arterial. A xerostomia foi a alteracao causada pelo uso de anti-hipertensivo mais citada (85,71%); A lidocaina foi o anestesico de escolha (61,9%); a interacao medicamentosa mais citada (48,6%) foi a dos anti-hipertensivos com os AINE e com os analgesicos com AAS. Participam do programa Hiperdia 66,7% dos entrevistados e 33,3% relataram aferir a pressao dos pacientes dependendo da anamnese realizada. Observou-se associacao estatistica entre trabalhar em outro local e definir corretamente HA (p=0,006). Conclusao: os profissionais que participaram da pesquisa mostraram um conhecimento relativamente bom, realizando uma conduta condizente com o que a literatura sugere, mas ainda necessitando de maiores esclarecimentos sobre o tema, para suprir suas maiores dificuldades.

Objectives To evaluate the relationship between the epithelial expression of hMLH1, MDM2, and p63 in lower lip carcinogenesis, comparing the immunostaining of these proteins in cases of actinic cheilitis (AC) and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Study Design Forty cases of AC and 40 cases of SCC were studied, both lesions were of lower lip. Histological sections of 3 μm were submitted to immunoperoxidase method, and 1000 cells were counted for immunohistochemical analysis of lesions. The results were analyzed quantitatively, and expression was compared by the Mann–Whitney, Student t-test, or one-way ANOVA, adopting a level of significance of 5%. Results A higher percentage of epithelial cells expressing hMLH1 was observed in cases of AC without dysplasia or mild dysplasia (721.23 ± 88.116), whereas fewer positive cells were observed in lower lip SSCs (255.03 ± 199.47) when compared to the AC group (P

Thyroglossal duct cysts are the most common congenital neck masses that develop during childhood. The masses develop from remnants of thyroglossal ducts and typically appear as midline neck masses. Double thyroglossal cysts and the complete failure of the obliterative process of thyroglossal duct are very rare in the literature. This manuscript describes a rare case of double thyroglossal duct, localized above the geniohyoid muscles affecting the floor of the mouth region and sublingual gland. The diagnostic criteria of the tumor and surgical procedure are discussed. To our knowledge, only 3 similar cases were reported in the literature.

Objetivo: Verificar, “in vitro”, o potencial antimicrobiano do Anapyon®, da Água Rabelo® e do Malvatricin® sobre microrganismos presentes na cavidade oral. Método: Para realização do experimento, utilizou-se o protocolo sequenciado durante quatro dias que avaliou, através da medida da densidade óptica, o potencial antimicrobiano dos fármacos nos microrganismos (Staphylococcus aureus, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis e Candida albicans), em suas formas planctônicas, apenas o Malvatricin® foi avaliado sobre as formas de biofilme por ser o único fármaco que apresentou resultados satisfatórios sobre as formas planctônicas. O estudo adotou como controle negativo a água destilada e controle positivo a Clorexidina®. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a uma análise estatística com os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Observou-se, através da medida da densidade óptica, que apenas o Malvatricin® apresentou bons resultados na forma planctônica, sendo estes semelhantes ao controle positivo (clorexidina), considerado padrão nos ensaios antimicrobianos em Odontologia. Os resultados do Malvatricin® foram estatisticamente melhores quando comparados aos demais fármacos (Anapyon®, Água Rabelo®) e ao controle negativo. Este resultado foi semelhante para todos os microrganismos estudados: Staphylococcus aureus (p=0,002), Candida tropicalis (p=0,002), Candida parapsilosis (p=0,001) e Candida albicans (p

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking and socio-demographic and behavioral factors among undergraduate students in the area of health at the State University of Paraíba, Brazil. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample from each of the following courses: Dentistry, Nursing, Psychology, Pharmacy, Physical Therapy and Physical Education. A total of 492 students were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used for statistical analysis at a 5% level of significance. Smoking prevalence was 5.7% and stress was the main reason for starting the habit (36.8%). In the multivariate analysis by logistic regression, the variables of gender, religious persuasion, semester attended in the course, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with smoking (p

Esthesioneuroblastoma, or olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), is a rare malignant tumor of the olfactory neuroepithelium, which is normally confined to the superior one third of the nasal septum, cribriform plate, and superior turbinates but may extend to the base of the skull and intracranial space. ONB accounts for only 3% of all intranasal tumors, and its etiology remains unclear. The tumor can affect both children and adults, with a bimodal peak incidence between 11 and 20 years and between 51 and 60 years.1 Controversy exists regarding the origin, diagnosis, and management of ONB, mainly because of its rarity and the fact that most institutions treat only a small number of patients with this diagnosis.2; 3 ; 4 Many cases go unrecognized because of difficulties in the diagnosis of this tumor as a result of nonspecific initial symptoms (nasal obstruction, recurrent epistaxis). There are rare reports of ONB arising in the nasopharynx, ethmoid sinus, and maxillary sinus. We report a rare case of a very large ONB in a pediatric patient. The clinical appearance of the tumor and diagnostic procedure are discussed, and cases published in the literature are reviewed.

Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs in adult patients. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of malocclusion and the orthodontic treatment needs in patients aged 18 to 50 years attending the dental clinics of the State University of Paraiba, Brazil. The sample was composed of 156 patients (65.4% females and 34.6% males). The diagnosis of malocclusion was established by two calibrated examiners (K = 0.71) using the Dental Aesthetics Index (DAI). The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analysis of the data at 5% significance level. The prevalence of malocclusion was 63.5%. There was statistically significant difference between tooth loss in the anterior region and malocclusion severity (p = 0.000; OR = 21.06 (8.47-53.90)). Half of the patients were not satisfied with their smile, with statistically significant difference between malocclusion severity and satisfaction at smiling (p = 0.015; OR= 2.23 (1.16-4.71)). In conclusion, the prevalence of malocclusions was high, the most frequent being crowding in the incisal segment. One third of the patients presented very severe/incapacitating malocclusion, existing association between malocclusion severity and satisfaction at smiling.

1 Master’s degree student of oral pathology, UFRN.2 Master’s degree student of dentistry, UEPB.3 Doctoral student of materials science and engineering. Full professor, UEPB.4 Doctoral student of materials science and engineering. Full professor, UEPB.5 Doctorate in oral pathology, UFRN. Full professor of oral pathology, UEPB.Send correspondence to: Dmitry Jose de Santana Sarmento - Rua Jose Jesuino de Brito 415 Quarenta Campina Grande PB 58.416-270.Paper submitted to the BJORL-SGP (Publishing Management System – Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology) on December 13, 2009; and accepted on March 23, 2010. cod. 6838

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the normative need for orthodontic treatment and the perception of such need among students aged 11-14 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 346 students, randomly selected from public and private schools. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was used to evaluate the normative need for orthodontic treatment (NNOT). The perceived need for treatment among students was assessed by a previously validated questionnaire. Data was analyzed by Pearson’s Chi-squared test (α = 5%). Results: The prevalence of malocclusion and NNOT was 65.6%. Of the sample, 73.7% felt they needed treatment, 66.2% wanted orthodontic treatment and 62.7% were satisfied with their dental aesthetics. A statistically significant association was observed between NNOT and the perception of the need for treatment among the students (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a high prevalence of malocclusion, which was reflected in the high normative need for orthodontic treatment. The opinion of patients regarding their expectations of orthodontic treatment should be valued. The students perceived a need for orthodontic treatment. RESUMO Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a necessidade normativa de tratamento ortodôntico e a percepção dessa necessidade entre alunos de 11-14 anos de idade. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo transversal com uma amostra de 346 alunos selecionados aleatoriamente de escolas públicas e privadas. O Índice de Estética Dental (DAI) foi utilizado para avaliar a necessidade normativa de tratamento ortodôntico (NNTO). A percepção da necessidade de tratamento entre os estudantes foi avaliada por meio de um questionário previamente validado. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (α = 5%). Resultados: a prevalência de má oclusão e NNTO foi de 65,6%. Da amostra, 73,7% relataram que precisavam de tratamento, 66,2% queriam tratamento ortodôntico e 62,7% estavam satisfeitos com sua estética dentária. Observou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre o NNTO e a percepção da necessidade de tratamento entre os alunos (p < 0,001). Conclusão: o presente estudo demonstrou alta prevalência de má oclusão, o que se refletiu na alta necessidade normativa de tratamento ortodôntico. A opinião dos pacientes sobre suas expectativas de tratamento ortodôntico deve ser valorizada. Os alunos perceberam a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico.