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Nickel alloys are recognized to offer great strength, good corrosion resistance, and outstanding thermal stability when compared to typical materials, these features can be utilized in aerospace and turbine sectors. Nickel alloy is one of the most difficult to cut materials since it is having a high strain hardening propensity and low thermal conductivity. But due to the outstanding qualities of Inconel-718, these types of material cannot be ruled out, and hence they are being machined in a cryogenic environment. Many studies have been conducted in recent years to quantify and predict machining-induced residual stress. It has been concluded that the residual stress can be viewed as a function of machining parameters. However, during the cutting process, the combined effect of thermal and mechanical loads has a direct impact on the stress field. Despite conducting experimental studies, there is a significant requirement to build numerical models to simulate residual stress distribution on machined surfaces in order to identify appropriate machining settings. The effect of cryogenic cooling on residual stress has yet to be modeled. In a cryogenic environment, finite element modeling has been successfully used to forecast residual stresses caused by machining. Tungsten Carbide was used as a single-point cutting tool for 2D orthogonal cutting in a cryogenic environment using Abaqus CAE/6.14. In this research work, it has been observed that the geometrical characteristics of the tool and the cutting parameters affect the residual stress. The results provide the correlation between residual stress and the above parameters.

Black fungus is the latest threat to the patients who just recovered from the covid-19. Black fungus is a type of mucormycosis infection, predominantly seen in patients with co-morbidities, mainly diabetes, cancer, immunocompromised infections, and organ transplant. Rising black fungus cases are not only a major aesthetic problem disrupting the medical and socioeconomic system, but it also senses another upcoming pandemic in India. Black fungus has a clinical appearance that is indistinguishable from other common illnesses at first, and it is invariably deadly unless diagnosed early or untreated vigorously. Rapid and precise diagnostic procedures, as well as the availability of less toxic, more effective antifungal drugs like posaconazole and isavuconazole, should be pursued as targets for improved black fungus care. The liposomal Amphotericin B had brought new rays of hope for treating black fungus by providing better efficacy amongst people. Since there is a dearth of literature regarding the management of black fungus patients, the article focused on the incidences, prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment protocol, to gain insight into the extent of this epidemic in India in 2021.

Aims and Background: Curcumin's poor water solubility still presents a challenge. Because of Curcumin's instability in solubilizing solvents, using a non-sustainable solvent and dissolved oxygen in the solution might be the problem. Thus, considering all facts, looking for a promising alternative solvent medium is in need. Indeed, a solution of hydrotropic agent has been assessed recently. Hydrotropic agents are the best replacements for organic solvents. These are eco-friendly, safe, and non-toxic agents. Hence, the presented research focuses on improving the solubility of Curcumin through a hydrotropic solid dispersion approach. Amazingly, Curcumin showed a significant solubility enhancement in sodium salicylate hydrotropic Solution. Sodium salicylate hydrotrope ensured the stability of Curcumin in Solution, maintained homogeneity, and exhibited antioxidant properties. Hydrotropy combined with the solid dispersion technique is a simple and effective way to improve the bioavailability of Curcumin. Hydrotropic solid dispersion-loaded curcumin topical gel was developed to achieve transdermal delivery of Curcumin. Solid dispersion was prepared by solvent evaporation method and evaluated for in-vitro performance. Invitro drug dissolution, drug content, FTIR, and XRD were carried out for the prepared HSD. Objective: The selected HSD (1:4) was loaded into a topical gel by dispersion method, and in-vitro parameters like drug content, Spreadability, pH, rate of drug dissolution, and drug content were performed. Methods: The solubility study has substantially enhanced the solubility of Curcumin in a 2M sodium salicylate hydrotropic solution. Sodium salicylate was compatible with formulating the solid dispersion. Hydrotropic solid dispersion was successfully prepared in 1:4 ratios. XRD results have shown the amorphous nature of Curcumin in the presence of sodium benzoate. The dissolution studies have shown improved release compared to pure Curcumin and PM (1:4). The prepared HSD was then incorporated into a gel by dispersion method using carbopol 934 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a gelling agent. The Cur-HSD gel was homogeneous and transparent in appearance. Result: The gel showed excellent Spreadability and drug content of 94.2 with 90.21% of percent drug release for 120 min and showed improved release in the presence of hydrotrope for improved topical delivery of Curcumin. Conclusion: Thus, to enhance the topical delivery of poorly soluble phytoconstituents, hydrotropes are suggested as a greener approach and to be applied for other poorly soluble phytoconstituents.

In India, women have long faced significant barriers to economic empowerment and financial inclusion. Despite making up nearly half of the country's population, women's participation in the workforce remains low, and they often face discrimination and unequal pay. Additionally, access to financial services has historically been limited, preventing women from achieving financial independence and stability. However, the tide is beginning to turn. In recent years, a growing number of initiatives have been launched to promote women's economic empowerment and financial inclusion. This blog post will explore some of these initiatives and discuss their impact on Indian women. From microfinance and digital banking to vocational training and entrepreneurship programs, we will examine the various ways in which women are breaking the glass ceiling and achieving economic independence in India.

Ayurvedais one of the world's oldest holistic healing system. In Sanskrit, Ayurvedameans “The Science of Life.” Ayurvedaplaces great emphasis on prevention and encourages the maintenance of health through close attention to balance in one’s life, right thinking, diet, lifestyle and the use of herbs. Knowledge of Ayurvedaenables one to understand how to create this balanceof body, mind and consciousness according to one’s own individual constitution and how to make lifestyle changes to bring about and maintain this balance. To maintain the health some activities are mentioned in Ayurvedaunder the term Dincharya. Here we are going to talk about this Dincharya(daily regimen) as well as its anatomical and physiological effects by following or not following it.

Tennis elbow is a painful condition and causes restricted movement of forearm which requires treatment for long period. Till date only symptomatic treatments are available in modern science like use of anti-inflammatory, analgesic drugs, steroids injection, physiotherapy, exercise etc. But none of these provide satisfactory permanent result. Long term use of modern treatment causes adverse effects. Usually, ‘wait-and-watch policy’ of treatment guideline is recommended in most of medical texts. This guideline made it worsen day by day. According to Ayurveda, Snayugata vata can be correlated with the condition of tennis elbow. In the field of Marma Chikitsa, this condition can be treated without oral use of any chemical compound which helps the individual to prevent adverse effect of modern medicine. Hence, in this study a case of tennis elbow (Snayugata vata) was treated by Marma Chikitsa for a period of 15 days. This therapy provided considerable relief in pain and movement of the elbow joint.

Chronic Renal/Kidney Failure is another name for chronic kidney disease. Kidney illness is becoming more common in India as a result of changing lifestyles, dietary habits, hypertension, and uncontrolled diabetes. It is a silent assassin. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are the most common treatments for chronic kidney failure, followed by kidney transplantation. Kidney failure treatment is highly costly and out of reach for most Indians. Ayurveda has played an essential role in the early stages of renal failure in the hunt for this effective and safe treatment. A 35-year-old male patient with pitting edoema on his legs, eyes, and face, as well as dyspnea, frothy urine, anorexia, and constipation, is the subject of this case study. Chronic Kidney Disease has been diagnosed. Hemodialysis was recommended, but the patient refused, instead he had Ayurvedic treatment with Punarnava Mandur, Vrukkadoshantak Vati,ArkPunarnavaArk Makoe. Symptoms and investigation have improved. The purpose of this case study is to investigate Chronic Kidney Disease from an Ayurvedic perspective, as well as to examine the results of Ayurvedic therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease as a symptom and modern parameter investigation.

Aim: In the current investigation, tablet dosage form of hydroalcohol extract of leaves of P. emblica was developed and evaluated foranti-inflammatory activities. Methodology: Hydroalcohol extract of leaves of P. Emblica (HPE) was prepared and formulated tablet dosage form. The mechanical properties e.g. hardness, friability, disintegration, and dissolution of tablet were evaluated. Anti-inflammatory activities of HPE (150 mg/kg) and HPE (650 mg) tablets were performed in carrageenan induced hind paw edema in wistar rats. Results: The anti-inflammatory activity was found to be significant in carrageenan inducedpaw edema. HPE (150 mg/kg) and HPE tablets (650 mg) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the carrageenan induced paw edemaby 66.41% and 69.43% respectively as compared to carragenan control. The % inhibition of standard drug (dichlorofenac sodium) was recorded to be 70.18% after 5 h. Conclusion: The study standardised the development of HPE tablet and its anti-inflammatory effect.

Likewise other stress response noise stress is also affects the homeostasis of the biological systems and produce stress response in the form of Corticosterone to prevent the damage but if the exposure is longer with higher magnitude it may disrupt the robust ability of the homeostasis and could produce the damage to the biological systems. The goal of our study was to see how five different noise intensities affected stomach tissue damage. 42 healthy rats were divided into five different stress exposure group, normal control (NC) and sham control (SC) groups. Noise stress exposure was delivered for 1 hour per day continued for 30 days in all five noise exposed groups by specially designed noise chamber whereas sham control group of animals kept in noise chamber for 1 hour per day continued for 30 days without noise stress exposure and control group of animals neither exposed to noise stress of any intensities and nor kept in noise chamber without noise but remain in the same experimental room in their homecage for 30 days respectively. Results of the study showed that animals exposed to 60 and 80 dB noise give habituated and not significant Corticosterone, Gastrin and Endothelin-1 responses compared to NC and SC groups while animals exposed to 100, 120 and 140 dB had significantly higher Corticosterone, Gastrin and Endothelin-1 response and also chronic gastric damage was observed compared to later two noise exposed groups respectively. Study concluded that not only higher but also lower noise intensities also initiated the gastric damage even after the adaptation.

Now days due to climates changes, air pollution effect on health, energy sustainability and easy energy admittance, along with volatile oil charges in current years, have directed us to produce and use the new alternative that are sustainable and low cost likewise renewable. Solar PV Cell is one of the innovative renewable technologies over the eras. The Solar power is obtained by the photon light which is renewable, eco-friendly and non-vanishing. Every time ample photon energy arrives to the world to full fill the earth’s energy need for an entire year. Power engendered from Solar PV fixings is vulnerable to variations because of deviations in solar light intensity, temperature, climate situations and many more parameters. In this area IoT Play its role. IoT generates the energy which is CO2 free use smart sensors that are related to the fabrication, communication and distribution devices. In this review we are focusing the scope of IOT in solar energy, challenges facing and solutions that may be used in implementation of IOT in solar energy.

It is important for the ENT surgeon to be familiar with the anatomy of the facial nerve and to prevent iatrogenic injury to nerve as it shows variations in its intratemporal course. Present study was done to delineate the intratemporal course of facial nerve and observe its variations. Thirty wet cadaveric temporal bones were dissected in the temporal bone dissection laboratory in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Government Medical College, Patiala. The length of intratemporal segments of facial nerve, its relationship with important bony landmarks, and the presence of any anomaly or variations in its course were observed. The mean length of labyrinthine, tympanic and mastoid segment was found to be 4.28 ± 0.605 mm, 10.40 ± 1.416 mm and 12.34 ± 0.915 mm respectively in the dissected specimens. The first and second genu angle varied between 50°–90° and 90°–120° respectively. Facial canal dehiscence was present at the level of first genu in 10% of cases and at the level of tympanic segment in 33%. Distance between chorda tympani origin and stylomastoid foramen varied between 4 and 6 mm with mean value of 5.31 ± 0.603 mm. Chorda-facial angle was found to be in the range of 20° to 31° with mean of 25.30° ± 2.90°. The tympanomastoid segment of facial nerve has variations in length and in its relations with various middle ear structures. The facial canal, as it traverses the temporal bone, may display bony dehiscence, variations, and anomalies in its natural course, having its own clinical and surgical significance.

Objective: Bauhinia variegata and Madhuca longifolia, which belongs to Leguminosae and Sapotaceae, respectively, is traditionally used in India for the cure of many diseases. This study represents the result of acute oral toxicity of Bauhinia variegata and Madhuca longifolia on swiss albino mice. Methods: Following acute oral administration of 2500 mg/kg crude extracts of Bauhinia variegata and Madhuca longifolia to swiss albino mice, no mortalities or evidence of adverse effects were observed. Results: The results of this study agree with those of in vitro experiments, indicating that the use of Bauhinia variegata and Madhuca longifolia leaves is scientifically validated. Conclusion: The result was in agreement with that of in vitro experiments, whereby the crude extracts of Bauhinia variegata and Madhuca longifolia did not show toxicity. Based on the outcome of acute toxicity in experimental mice, the crude extracts of both Bauhinia variegata and Madhuca longifolia could be regarded as safe in experimental mice. Further toxicity study over a longer period of time involving detection of effects on vital organ functions would ensure that the plants are safe for human consumption.

To evaluate ototoxicity in patients receiving combined cisplatin and radiotherapy in comparison to patients receiving radiotherapy alone. A prospective study was conducted in sixty (60) cases of advanced Head and Neck malignancy (stage III and IV). Patient were divided in two randomized groups (30 each), group I received chemoradiation and group II received radiation alone. Inclusion criteria were histopathologically confirmed head & neck malignancy, normal baseline audiograms. Exclusion criteria were defined as: previously treated cases with chemotherapy/radiotherapy, patients who didn’t complete treatment or lost to follow up. Ototoxicity was evaluated as per criterion established by the American speech-language-hearing association. Study participants were evaluated for ototoxicity at intervals defined as per study design. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was noticed in 56.6% and 36.6% of subjects in Group I & II respectively at 6 months follow up post completion of treatment. Incidence of sensorineural hearing loss increased significantly with cumulative dosages of chemoradiotherapy in group I and radiotherapy in group II. Incidence of SNHL in both study groups was found to be higher in patients older than 50 years. Incidence of ototoxicity in chemoradiated patients was found to be higher in comparison to patients receiving radiation alone. Ototoxicity occurred more with cumulative doses, with higher speech frequencies affected earlier in comparison to middle range frequencies. Lower frequencies were spared.

The aim of the research work was to investigate the efficacy of cream loaded with lipid nanocarriers (ethosomes) of piperine for the management of atopic dermatitis (AD) in comparison to convention...