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53. Enhanced assessment of global land degradation

Author

de Jong, R, Bai, Z, Dent, D, Schaepman, Michael E, de Bruin, S, de Wit, A, and University of Zurich

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, 2305 Environmental Engineering, 1705 Computer Networks and Communications, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2009
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56. Global assessment of land degradation and improvement 1. Identification by remote sensing

Author

Bai, Z G, Dent, D L, Olsson, L, Schaepman, Michael E, and University of Zurich

Subjects
remote sensing, 10122 Institute of Geography, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, land degradation, land use, ICSU World Data Centre for Soils, Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing, landdegradatie, 910 Geography & travel, PE&RC, landgebruik, ISRIC - World Soil Information
Published
2008

59. Deserts and the planet - Linkages between deserts and non-deserts

Author

Safriel, U., Ezcurra, E., Tegen, I., Schlesinger, W.H., Nellemann, C., Batjes, N.H., Dent, D., Groner, E., Morrison, S., Resenfeld, D., Avner, U., Briosch, N., Golan-Goldhirsh, A., Alpert, P., Portnov, B., Cates, R., White, R., Tsonis, A., Schwartz, M., Ayal, Y., Pinshow, B., Cohen, D., Demere, T., Shafir, H., Warren, A., and Mazor, E.

Subjects
natuurlijke hulpbronnen, milieu, world, conservation, biodiversiteit, cultural heritage, deserts, woestijnen, ecosystemen, wereld, cultureel erfgoed, ICSU World Data Centre for Soils, ecosystems, natural resources, environment, ISRIC - World Soil Information, biodiversity, conservering
Published
2006

65. Green Water: Definitions and data for assessment

Author

Ringersma, J., Batjes, N.H., and Dent, D.

Subjects
plant water relations, soil water, plant-water relaties, Land Degradation and Development, ICSU World Data Centre for Soils, Leerstoelgroep Land degradatie en ontwikkeling, bodemwater, water resources, ISRIC - World Soil Information, watervoorraden
Abstract

Green water is that fraction of rainfall that infiltrates into the soil and is available to plants. It includes soil water holding capacity and the continual replenishment of reserves by rainfall. This report was commissioned in September 2002 by FAO Land and Water Division as a foundation for a Green Water Initiative to make better use of green water resources.

Published
2003

66. Knowledge of the Land: Land Resources Information and it's Use in Rural Development

Author

Dalal-Clayton, D.B. and Dent, D.

Subjects
milieueffect, plattelandsontwikkeling, land use planning, tanzania, informatieverwerking, sustainability, landgebruiksplanning, environmental impact, information processing, landevaluatie, sri lanka, remote sensing, duurzaamheid (sustainability), land evaluation, land resources, participation, ICSU World Data Centre for Soils, gegevensverwerking, bruikbaar land, ISRIC - World Soil Information, data processing, rural development, participatie
Published
2001

67. Quantitative mapping of global land degradation using Earth observations

Author

De Jong, R, De Bruin, S, Schaepman, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-9565, Dent, D, De Jong, R, De Bruin, S, Schaepman, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-9565, and Dent, D

Abstract

Land degradation is a global issue on par with climate change and loss of biodiversity, but its extent and severity are only roughly known and there is little detail on the immediate processes – let alone the drivers. Earth-observation methods enable monitoring of land degradation in a consistent, physical way and on a global scale by making use of vegetation productivity and/or loss as proxies. Most recent studies indicate a general greening trend, but improved data sets and analysis also show a combination of greening and browning trends. Statistically based linear trends average out these effects. Improved understanding may be expected from data-driven and process-modelling approaches: new models, model integration, enhanced statistical analysis and modern sensor imagery at medium spatial resolution should substantially improve the assessment of global land degradation.

Published
2011

68. Analysis of monotonic greening and browning trends from global NDVI time-series

Author

de Jong, Rogier, de Bruin, S, de Wit, A, Schaepman, Michael E; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-9565, Dent, D L, de Jong, Rogier, de Bruin, S, de Wit, A, Schaepman, Michael E; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-9565, and Dent, D L

Abstract

Remotely sensed vegetation indices are widely used to detect greening and browning trends; especially the global coverage of time-series normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data which are available from 1981. Seasonality and serial auto-correlation in the data have previously been dealt with by integrating the data to annual values; as an alternative to reducing the temporal resolution, we apply harmonic analyses and non-parametric trend tests to the GIMMS NDVI dataset (1981-2006). Using the complete dataset, greening and browning trends were analyzed using a linear model corrected for seasonality by subtracting the seasonal component, and a seasonal non-parametric model. In a third approach, phenological shift and variation in length of growing season were accounted for by analyzing the time-series using vegetation development stages rather than calendar days. Results differed substantially between the models, even though the input data were the same. Prominent regional greening trends identified by several other studies were confirmed but the models were inconsistent in areas with weak trends. The linear model using data corrected for seasonality showed similar trend slopes to those described in previous work using linear models on yearly mean values. The non-parametric models demonstrated the significant influence of variations in phenology; accounting for these variations should yield more robust trend analyses and better understanding of vegetation trends.

Published
2011

69. Applicability of the proposed methods for land evaluation

Author

Dent, D., King, D., Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, COLLECTE DE DONNEES
Published
1998

70. Applicabilité des méthodes recommandées pour l'évaluation des terres

Author

Dent, D., King, D., ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, TRAITEMENT DES DONNEES, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, PEDOLOGIE, DEMOGRAPHIE
Published
1998

72. A re-evaluation of isotope screening for skeletal metastases in node-negative breast cancer

Author

Gudgeon, CA, Werner, I D, Dent, D M, Division of Radiology, and Faculty of Health Sciences

Subjects
South Africa, National Health Programs, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Mass Casualty Incidents, Disaster Planning, Burns, Societies, Medical
Abstract

The International Society for Burns Injuries (ISBI) has published guidelines for the management of multiple or mass burns casualties, and recommends that 'each country has or should have a disaster planning system that addresses its own particular needs.' The need for a national burns disaster plan integrated with national and provincial disaster planning was discussed at the South African Burns Society Congress in 2009, but there was no real involvement in the disaster planning prior to the 2010 World Cup; the country would have been poorly prepared had there been a burns disaster during the event. This article identifies some of the lessons learnt and strategies derived from major burns disasters and burns disaster planning from other regions. Members of the South African Burns Society are undertaking an audit of burns care in South Africa to investigate the feasibility of a national burns disaster plan. This audit (which is still under way) also aims to identify weaknesses of burns care in South Africa and implement improvements where necessary.

Published
1996
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73. Combined assessment (aspiration cytology and mammography) of clinically suspicious breast masses

Author

van Wyk, W.F., Dent, D, Anne Hacking, E, Learmonth, Genevieve, Kottler, R.E., Anne Gudgeon, C, Tiltman, A, Department of Surgery, and Faculty of Health Sciences

Subjects
Tumor, Ponction aspiration, Résultat, Mammary gland, République Sud Africaine, Glándula mamaria, Femelle, Cytologie, Tumeur, Glande mammaire, Homme, Result, South Africa, Mammographie, Afrique, Africa, Female, Exploration, Aspiration punction, Cytology, Mammography, Human, Exploración
Abstract

We examined the safety and utility of the combined assessment of aspiration cytology and mammography in 705 women who had clinically suspicious or malignant palpable breast masses. Histological assessment confirmed 176 benign and 529 malignant lesions. There were no incorrect (false positive) diagnoses made in the 176 benign masses when combined assessment was used (specificity 1,0; predictive value 0,86); in isolation, however, there was a false positive cytological diagnosis ('papillary carcinoma') and 3 false positive mammographic diagnoses. Benign disease (false negative) was incorrectly diagnosed by combined assessment in 4 of the 529 malignant masses (sensitivity 0,99; predictive value 0,98): cytological diagnoses were of fat necrosis (2) and benign cells on cytospin (1) and aspiration biopsy (1); mammographic diagnoses were of benign disease (2) and normality (2). Indeterminate ('atypical', 'suspicious') diagnoses were problematic and frequent (overall 223 (31,6%), malignant masses 137 (25,9%), benign masses 86 (48,9%); cytology 117 (16,6%), mammography 141 (20%). Thus, with the combined assessment of mammography and cytology in clinically suspicious breast masses, a decisive diagnosis was made in about two-thirds of cases allowing the safe commencement of therapy; the balance of patients required core or excision biopsy.

Published
1995
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77. SYSTEMIC TREATMENT OF EARLY BREAST-CANCER BY HORMONAL, CYTOTOXIC, OR IMMUNE THERAPY - 133 RANDOMIZED TRIALS INVOLVING 31000 RECURRENCES AND 24000 DEATHS AMONG 75000 WOMEN .2

Author

ABE, O, ABE, R, ASAISHI, K, ENOMOTO, K, HATTORI, T, INO, Y, KIKUCHI, K, KOYAMA, H, SAWA, K, UCHINO, J, YOSHIDA, M, HAYBITTLE, J, VANDEVELDE, T, VERMORKEN, J, HARVEY, V, HOLDAWAY, T, KAY, R, MASON, B, FORBES, J, BASTERT, G, SAUERBREI, W, SCHEURLEN, H, SCHUMACHER, M, FOCAN, C, LOBELLE, J, PEEK, U, OATES, G, POWELL, J, DURAND, M, MAURIAC, L, GELMAN, R, HENDERSON, I, SHAPIRO, C, HANCOCK, A, JACKSON, S, RAGAZ, J, KORZUN, A, WOOD, W, YOSHIMOTO, M, BAUM, M, HOUGHTON, J, HORGAN, K, HUGHES, L, STEWART, H, GORDON, N, DAVIS, H, DELOZIER, T, MACELESECH, J, RAMBERT, P, ANDRYSEK, O, BARKMANOVA, J, OWEN, J, HOWELL, A, RIBEIRO, G, SWINDELL, R, DEOLIVEIRA, C, CARSTENSEN, B, PALSHOF, T, JOHANSEN, H, KORZENIOWSKI, S, SKOLYSZEWSKI, J, ANDERSEN, K, DOMBERNOWSKY, P, MOURIDSEN, H, ROSE, C, CORCORAN, N, TRAMPISCH, H, ABELOFF, M, CARBONE, P, GLICK, J, GRAY, R, TORMEY, D, BUYSE, M, MIGNOLET, F, PARIDAENS, R, VANDRIEL, O, SYLVESTER, R, VANDEVELDE, C, VANDONGEN, J, WELVAART, K, SCANLON, E, SCHURMAN, S, CATALANO, R, CREECH, R, DESCHRYVER, A, MCGREGOR, K, YOSEF, H, MCARDLE, C, SMITH, D, LARA, P, DENT, D, GUDGEON, C, HACKING, A, BOCCARDO, F, IZUO, M, BENTLEY, A, DORAN, Z, FENTIMAN, I, HAYWARD, J, RUBENS, R, KAUFMANN, M, JONAT, W, VONFOURNIER, D, KLEFSTROM, P, CUZICK, J, MARGREITER, R, ASSELAIN, B, POUILLARD, P, BAHI, J, MILLA, A, SANCHIZ, F, CASTIGLIONE, M, CAVALLI, F, COLLINS, J, GELBER, R, GOLDHIRSCH, A, ISLEY, M, LINDTNER, J, PRICE, K, RUDENSTAM, C, SENN, H, BLISS, J, CHILVERS, C, COOMBES, R, MARTY, M, BOROVIK, R, BRUFMAN, G, ROBINSON, E, PANNUTI, F, TAKASHIMA, S, YASUTOMI, T, HOLM, L, SONOO, H, YAMASHITA, J, BONTE, J, BUZDAR, A, SMITH, T, MARTIN, P, ROMAIN, S, AHMANN, D, SCHAID, D, HAKES, T, NORTON, L, WITTES, R, FOROGLOU, P, LISSAIOS, B, BONADONNA, G, DELVECCHIO, M, VALAGUSSA, P, VERONESI, U, DUBOIS, J, HAYAT, H, BIANCO, A, LIPPMAN, M, PIERCE, L, SIMON, R, STEINBERG, S, NOMURA, Y, DELAHUERTA, R, SAINZ, M, BROWN, A, FISHER, B, REDMOND, C, WOLMARK, N, JACKSON, I, PALMER, M, INGLE, J, BENGTSSON, N, LARSSON, L, LYTHGOE, J, KISSIN, M, BLAMEY, R, MITCHELL, A, ROBERTSON, J, FLUCKIGER, H, NAKAMURA, Y, MATHE, G, MISSET, J, DESHPANDE, N, DIMARTINO, L, CLARKE, E, MCLAUGHLIN, J, CLARK, R, LEVINE, M, MORIMOTO, K, GUNDERSEN, S, HAUERJENSEN, M, HOST, H, CROSSLEY, E, DURRANT, K, HARRIS, A, CLARKE, M, COLLINS, R, GODWIN, J, GREAVES, E, HARWOOD, C, MEAD, G, PETO, R, WHEATLEY, K, HILL, C, LACOUR, J, LAPLANCHE, A, LE, M, SARRAZIN, D, SEMIGLAZOV, V, BROCKSCHMIDT, J, COOPER, M, MEAKIN, J, PANZARELLA, T, PRITCHARD, K, TREURNIETDONKER, A, VANPUTTEN, W, EASTON, D, POWLES, T, GAZET, J, DOUGLAS, P, LINDTNER, A, NOTTER, G, BRYANT, A, EWING, G, KRUSHEN, J, NISSENMEYER, R, FORREST, A, MCDONALD, C, MOLLER, T, RYDEN, S, CARSTENSEN, J, HATSCHEK, T, SODERBERG, M, CARPENTER, J, CRAWLEY, J, GREEN, S, OSBORNE, C, RUTQVIST, L, WALLGREN, A, BRENNER, H, HERCBERGS, A, DEBOER, G, PATERSON, A, NAJA, A, REID, M, SPITTLE, M, SENANAYAKE, F, MEIER, P, TENGRUP, I, TENNVALLNITTBY, L, CAFFIER, H, BEZWODA, W, HOLMBERG, L, SEVELDA, P, ZIELINSKY, C, JAKESZ, R, BUCHANAN, R, CROSS, M, DUNN, J, GILLESPIE, KELLY, K, MORRISON, J, LITTON, A, and CHLEBOWSKI, R

Published
1992

78. Processing Multi-Spectral Scanning Electron Microscopy Images for Quantitative Microfabric Analysis

Author

Tovey, N. K., Dent, D. L., Corbett, W. M., and Krinsley, D. H.

Subjects
X-ray mapping, image analysis, over-segmentation, back-scattered SEM, automatic thresholding, intensity gradient analysis, multi-spectral methods, microfabric quantification, Biology, mineral segmentation, image processing
Abstract

Multi-spectral image analysis is a powerful method to characterise quantitatively the mineralogy and microfabric of soils, sediments, and other particulate materials. Backscattered scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of polished, resin-impregnated samples are grouped with the corresponding X-ray elemental maps using classification methods commonly used in remote sensing. However, the resulting mineral-segmented images require processing to render them suitable for quantification. In the past, this has been done subjectively and interactively, but the new objective methods described in this paper largely eliminate this subjectivity. An intensity gradient magnitude image of the original backscattered electron image is used as the basis of an interactive erosion and dilation sequence to generate skeleton outlines defining the edges of the mineral grains. The areas defined within the skeleton areas are then classified as a particular mineral according to the predominant feature in the corresponding mineral-segmented image. Subsequent processing tackles the problems of 'holes' defined by the skeleton outlines, and the over-segmentation associated with certain classes of mineral grain. Further methods to deal with particles made up of more than one mineral are considered. The matrix and porosity information is recombined to generate an image suitable for analysis using feature size statistics or general orientation analysis. The techniques described can be combined to permit batch processing of images. Applications of the techniques are illustrated on a soil from the East Anglian Breckland.

Published
1992

80. Accurate registration of peri-implant soft tissues to create an optimal emergence profile.

Author

ALSHIDDI, IBRAHEEM FAHAD and CLIN DENT, D.

Abstract

One of the challenges in restoring anterior space with implant restoration is maintaining the natural looking of peri.implant area. This case report presents a clinical procedure to create the soft tissue emergence profile for anterior maxillary teeth. A 49.year.old male presented with missing right maxillary lateral incisor. A provisional restoration was inserted 1 week after implant placement. Area of the provisional restoration related to the gingival tissue (transmucosal area) was adjusted to create an optimum emergence profile. Two months later, an indirect method was used to accurately transfer the soft peri.implant tissues to the master cast. This clinical technique minimizes surgical procedure and avoids the possibility of soft tissue collapsing that may occur during the impression procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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81. A randomized trial comparing axillary clearance versus no axillary clearance in older patients (≥ 60 years) with breast cancer: First results of International Breast Cancer Study Group Trial 10–93

Author

Holmberg, S. B., primary, Crivellari, D., additional, Zahrieh, D., additional, Forbes, J. F., additional, Rey, P., additional, Dent, D. M., additional, Schaefer, P., additional, Bernhard, J., additional, Campbell, I., additional, and Rudenstam, C.-M. M., additional

Published
2004
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89. INCOME AND EDUCATION

Author

Stewart, R., primary, Villarreal, R., additional, Dent, D., additional, Gray, G., additional, Myers, J., additional, Root, H., additional, and Pruitt, &NA;, additional

Published
1999
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98. PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AFTER ACUTE SUBDURAL HEMATOMA

Author

Dent, D L, primary, Croce, M A, additional, Menke, P G, additional, Robertson, J T, additional, Young, B H, additional, Pritchard, F E, additional, Minard, G, additional, Kudsk, K A, additional, and Fabian, T C, additional

Published
1994
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