Search

Your search keyword '"Dehghan, Mahshid"' showing total 346 results
Start Over Author "Dehghan, Mahshid"
346 results on '"Dehghan, Mahshid"'

53. Analysis from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study

Author

De Souza, Russell J, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, Ahmed, Suad Hashim, Alhabib, Khalid F, Altuntas, Yuksel, Basiak-Rasała, Alicja, Dagenais, Gilles-R, Diaz, Rafael, Amma, Leela Itty, Kelishadi, Roya, Khatib, Rasha, Lear, Scott A, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Mohan, Viswanathan, Poirier, Paul, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Rosengren, Annika, Ismail, Rosnah, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Yeates, Karen, Yusuf, Rita, Teo, Koon, Anand, Sonia S, Yusuf, Salim, PURE Study Investigators, and Everest

Subjects
Global health, Nuts, Mortality, Prospective cohort, Cardiovascular disease
Abstract

Digital, Background: The association of nuts with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated mostly in Europe, the USA, and East Asia, with few data available from other regions of the world or from low- and middle-income countries. Objective: To assess the association of nuts with mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study is a large multinational prospective cohort study of adults aged 35–70 y from 16 low-, middle-, and high-income countries on 5 continents. Nut intake (tree nuts and ground nuts) was measured at the baseline visit, using country-specific validated FFQs. The primary outcome was a composite of mortality or major cardiovascular event [nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or heart failure]. Results: We followed 124,329 participants (age = 50.7 y, SD = 10.2; 41.5% male) for a median of 9.5 y. We recorded 10,928 composite events [deaths (n = 8,662) or major cardiovascular events (n = 5,979)]. Higher nut intake (>120 g per wk compared with, Ciencias médicas y de la Salud

Published
2020

54. Association of egg intake with blood lipids, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 177,000 people in 50 countries

Author

Dehghan, Mahshid, Smuts, Marius, Mente, Andrew, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Mohan, Viswanathan, Dehghan, Mahshid, Smuts, Marius, Mente, Andrew, Rangarajan, Sumathy, and Mohan, Viswanathan

Abstract

Background Eggs are a rich source of essential nutrients, but they are also a source of dietary cholesterol. Therefore, some guidelines recommend limiting egg consumption. However, there is contradictory evidence on the impact of eggs on diseases, largely based on studies conducted in high-income countries. Objectives Our aim was to assess the association of egg consumption with blood lipids, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality in large global studies involving populations from low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Methods We studied 146,011 individuals from 21 countries in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Egg consumption was recorded using country-specific validated FFQs. We also studied 31,544 patients with vascular disease in 2 multinational prospective studies: ONTARGET (Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global End Point Trial) and TRANSCEND (Telmisartan Randomized Assessment Study in ACEI Intolerant Subjects with Cardiovascular Disease). We calculated HRs using multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts to account for clustering by study center separately within each study. Results In the PURE study, we recorded 14,700 composite events (8932 deaths and 8477 CVD events). In the PURE study, after excluding those with history of CVD, higher intake of egg (≥7 egg/wk compared with <1 egg/wk intake) was not significantly associated with blood lipids, composite outcome (HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.04; P-trend = 0.74), total mortality (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.15; P-trend = 0.38), or major CVD (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.01; P-trend = 0.20). Similar results were observed in ONTARGET/TRANSCEND studies for composite outcome (HR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.25; P-trend = 0.09), total mortality (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.62, 1.24; P-trend = 0.55), and major CVD (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.29; P-trend = 0.12). Conclusions In 3 large international prospective studies including ∼177,000 individuals, 12,701 deaths, and 13

Published
2020

55. Association of dairy consumption with metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes in 147 812 individuals from 21 countries

Author

10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Bhavadharini, Balaji, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Rangarajan, Sumathy, 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Bhavadharini, Balaji, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, and Rangarajan, Sumathy

Abstract

Objective Our aims were to assess the association of dairy intake with prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (cross-sectionally) and with incident hypertension and incident diabetes (prospectively) in a large multinational cohort study. Methods The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a prospective epidemiological study of individuals aged 35 and 70 years from 21 countries on five continents, with a median follow-up of 9.1 years. In the cross-sectional analyses, we assessed the association of dairy intake with prevalent MetS and its components among individuals with information on the five MetS components (n=112 922). For the prospective analyses, we examined the association of dairy with incident hypertension (in 57 547 individuals free of hypertension) and diabetes (in 131 481 individuals free of diabetes). Results In cross-sectional analysis, higher intake of total dairy (at least two servings/day compared with zero intake; OR 0.76, 95%CI 0.71 to 0.80, p-trend<0.0001) was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS after multivariable adjustment. Higher intakes of whole fat dairy consumed alone (OR 0.72, 95%CI 0.66 to 0.78, p-trend<0.0001), or consumed jointly with low fat dairy (OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.80 to 0.98, p-trend=0.0005), were associated with a lower MetS prevalence. Low fat dairy consumed alone was not associated with MetS (OR 1.03, 95%CI 0.77 to 1.38, p-trend=0.13). In prospective analysis, 13 640 people with incident hypertension and 5351 people with incident diabetes were recorded. Higher intake of total dairy (at least two servings/day vs zero serving/day) was associated with a lower incidence of hypertension (HR 0.89, 95%CI 0.82 to 0.97, p-trend=0.02) and diabetes (HR 0.88, 95%CI 0.76 to 1.02, p-trend=0.01). Directionally similar associations were found for whole fat dairy versus each outcome

Published
2020

56. White rice intake and incident diabetes: a study of 132,373 participants in 21 countries

Author

10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Bhavadharini, Balaji, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Mohan, Viswanathan, Dehghan, Mahshid, Rangarajan, Sumathy, 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Bhavadharini, Balaji, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Mohan, Viswanathan, Dehghan, Mahshid, and Rangarajan, Sumathy

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Previous prospective studies on the association of white rice intake with incident diabetes have shown contradictory results but were conducted in single countries and predominantly in Asia. We report on the association of white rice with risk of diabetes in the multinational Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data on 132,373 individuals aged 35–70 years from 21 countries were analyzed. White rice consumption (cooked) was categorized as <150, ‡150 to <300, ‡300 to <450, and ‡450 g/day, based on one cup of cooked rice 5 150 g. The primary outcome was incident diabetes. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using a multivariable Cox frailty model. RESULTS During a mean follow-up period of 9.5 years, 6,129 individuals without baseline diabetes developed incident diabetes. In the overall cohort, higher intake of white rice (‡450 g/day compared with <150 g/day) was associated with increased risk of diabetes (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.02–1.40; P for trend 5 0.003). However, the highest risk was seen in South Asia (HR 1.61; 95% CI 1.13–2.30; P for trend 5 0.02), followed by other regions of the world (which included South East Asia, Middle East, South America, North America, Europe, and Africa) (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.08–1.86; P for trend 5 0.01), while in China there was no significant association (HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.77–1.40; P for trend 5 0.38). CONCLUSIONS Higher consumption of white rice is associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes with the strongest association being observed in South Asia, while in other regions, a modest, nonsignificant association was seen

Published
2020

57. Association of nut intake with risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 16 countries from 5 continents: analysis from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study

Author

10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, De Souza, Russell, J., Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I., 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, De Souza, Russell, J., Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, and Bangdiwala, Shrikant I.

Abstract

Background The association of nuts with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated mostly in Europe, the USA, and East Asia, with few data available from other regions of the world or from low- and middle-income countries. Objective To assess the association of nuts with mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study is a large multinational prospective cohort study of adults aged 35–70 y from 16 low-, middle-, and high-income countries on 5 continents. Nut intake (tree nuts and ground nuts) was measured at the baseline visit, using country-specific validated FFQs. The primary outcome was a composite of mortality or major cardiovascular event [nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or heart failure]. Results We followed 124,329 participants (age = 50.7 y, SD = 10.2; 41.5% male) for a median of 9.5 y. We recorded 10,928 composite events [deaths (n = 8,662) or major cardiovascular events (n = 5,979)]. Higher nut intake (>120 g per wk compared with <30 g per mo) was associated with a lower risk of the primary composite outcome of mortality or major cardiovascular event [multivariate HR (mvHR): 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.96; P-trend = 0.0048]. Significant reductions in total (mvHR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.87; P-trend <0.0001), cardiovascular (mvHR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.92; P-trend = 0.048), and noncardiovascular mortality (mvHR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.96; P-trend = 0.0046) with a trend to reduced cancer mortality (mvHR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.65, 1.00; P-trend = 0.081) were observed. No significant associations of nuts were seen with major CVD (mvHR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.02; P-trend = 0.14), stroke (mvHR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.14; P-trend = 0.76), or MI (mvHR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.04; P-trend = 0.29). Conclusions Higher nut intake was associated with lower mortality risk from both cardiovascular and noncardiovascular causes in low-, middle-, and high-income countries

Published
2020

60. Prevalence of a Healthy Lifestyle Among Individuals With Cardiovascular Disease in High-, Middle- and Low-Income Countries: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study

Author

Teo, Koon, Lear, Scott, Islam, Shofiqul, Mony, Prem, Dehghan, Mahshid, Li, Wei, Rosengren, Annika, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Diaz, Rafael, Oliveira, Gustavo, Miskan, Maizatullifah, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Iqbal, Romaina, Ilow, Rafal, Puone, Thandi, Bahonar, Ahmad, Gulec, Sadi, Darwish, Ebtihal A., Lanas, Fernando, Vijaykumar, Krishnapillai, Rahman, Omar, Chifamba, Jephat, Hou, Yan, Li, Ning, and Yusuf, Salim

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

63. White Rice Intake and Incident Diabetes: A Study of 132,373 Participants in 21 Countries

Author

Bhavadharini, Balaji, primary, Mohan, Viswanathan, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, primary, Rangarajan, Sumathy, primary, Swaminathan, Sumathi, primary, Rosengren, Annika, primary, Wielgosz, Andreas, primary, Avezum, Alvaro, primary, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, primary, Lanas, Fernando, primary, Dans, Antonio L, primary, Yeates, Karen, primary, Poirier, Paul, primary, Chifamba, Jephat, primary, Alhabib, Khalid F, primary, Mohammadifard, Noushin, primary, Zatońska, Katarzyna, primary, Khatib, Rasha, primary, Keskinler, Mirac Vural, primary, Wei, Li, primary, Wang, Chuangshi, primary, Liu, Xiaoyun, primary, Iqbal, Romaina, primary, Yusuf, Rita, primary, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, primary, Yusufali, Afzal Hussein, primary, Diaz, Rafael, primary, Keat, NG Kien, primary, Lakshmi, PVM, primary, Ismail, Noorhassim, primary, Gupta, Rajeev, primary, Palileo-Villanueva, Lia M, primary, Sheridan, Patrick, primary, Mente, Andrew, primary, and Yusuf, Salim, primary

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

65. Association of nut intake with risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 16 countries from 5 continents: analysis from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study

Author

de Souza, Russell J, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, additional, Ahmed, Suad Hashim, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F, additional, Altuntas, Yuksel, additional, Basiak-Rasała, Alicja, additional, Dagenais, Gilles-R, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Amma, Leela Itty, additional, Kelishadi, Roya, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Lear, Scott A, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Poirier, Paul, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Ismail, Rosnah, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Teo, Koon K, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

67. Association of egg intake with blood lipids, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 177,000 people in 50 countries

Author

Dehghan, Mahshid, primary, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Lear, Scott, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Wielgosz, Andreas, additional, Seron, Pamela, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Turbide, Ginette, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, AlHabib, Khalid F, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Szuba, Andrzej, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Altuntas, Yuksel, additional, Liu, Xiaoyun, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Smuts, Marius, additional, Yusufali, AfzalHussein, additional, Li, Ning, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Yusoff, Khalid, additional, Kaur, Manmeet, additional, Soman, Biju, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Dans, Antonio, additional, Sheridan, Patrick, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

68. Association of dairy consumption with metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes in 147 812 individuals from 21 countries

Author

Bhavadharini, Balaji, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Sheridan, Patrick, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Lear, Scott, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Mony, Prem, additional, Varma, Ravi Prasad, additional, Kumar, Rajesh, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Oguz, Aytekin, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Rozanska, Dorota, additional, Bengtsson Bostrom, Kristina, additional, Yusoff, Khalid, additional, Tsolkile, Lungiswa P, additional, Dans, Antonio, additional, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, additional, Orlandini, Andres, additional, Poirier, Paul, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Hu, Bo, additional, Wei, Li, additional, Yin, Lu, additional, Deeraili, Ai, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Mozaffarian, Dariush, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

69. Biatrial Myxoma with a Shared Stalk: A Case Report.

Author

Toufan, Mehrnoush, Khezerlou-Aghdam, Naser, Masoumi, Shahab, Dehghan, Mahshid, and Akhgari, Aisan

Subjects
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, MYXOMA, TREATMENT effectiveness
Abstract

Myxomas are rare cardiac neoplasms and may present as single or multiple tumors. Only a few cases of single biatrial myxomas have been reported. We report a very rare case of this condition in a middle-aged woman, presenting with exertional dyspnea and cough. The patient had a resting tachycardia of 105 beats per minute, and cardiac auscultation discovered a mid-diastolic murmur across the mitral valve, followed by a tumor plop focused on the apex and elevated levels of C-reactive protein (1+) and creatine phosphokinase in lab data. The diagnosis was made via transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiographic examinations, showing the tumor extension through a patent foramen ovale (PFO). The operation was undertaken, the myxoma was excised, and the PFO was repaired. She was discharged with no further complications. Although myxomas are rare, considering this condition before surgery is significant. The involvement of both atria via a PFO is possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

71. Associations of Fish Consumption With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality Among Individuals With or Without Vascular Disease From 58 Countries.

Author

Mohan, Deepa, Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, Rangarajan, Sumathy, O'Donnell, Martin, Hu, Weihong, Dagenais, Gilles, Wielgosz, Andreas, Lear, Scott, Wei, Li, Diaz, Rafael, Avezum, Alvaro, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Lanas, Fernando, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Kaur, Manmeet, Vijayakumar, K., Mohan, Viswanathan, Gupta, Rajeev, and Szuba, Andrzej

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

73. Association of Dairy Consumption with Metabolic Syndrome, Hypertension and Diabetes in 147,812 Individuals from 21 Countries

Author

Balaji, Bhavadharini, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Sheridan, Patrick, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Lear, Scott, additional, Viljoen, Edelweiss-Wentzel, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Mony, Prem, additional, Varma, Ravi Prasad, additional, Kumar, Rajesh, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F., additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Oguz, Aytekin, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Rozanska, Dorota, additional, Bengtsson, Kristina, additional, Yusoff, Khalid, additional, Tsolkile, Lungiswa P., additional, Dans, Antonio, additional, Yusufali, Afzal Hussein, additional, Orlandini, Andres, additional, Poirier, Paul, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Hu, Bo, additional, Wei, Li, additional, Yin, Lu, additional, Deeraili, Ai, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Mozaffarian, Dariush, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Anand, Sonia, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

74. Association of dairy intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 21 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study

Author

Dehghan, Mahshid, primary, Mente, Andrew, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Sheridan, Patrick, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Lear, Scott, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Mony, Prem, additional, Varma, Ravi Prasad, additional, Kumar, Rajesh, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Alhabib, Khalid F, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Oguz, Aytekin, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Rozanska, Dorota, additional, Bostrom, Kristina Bengtsson, additional, Yusoff, Khalid, additional, Tsolkile, Lungiswa P, additional, Dans, Antonio, additional, Yusufali, AfzalHussein, additional, Orlandini, Andres, additional, Poirier, Paul, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Hu, Bo, additional, Wei, Li, additional, Yin, Lu, additional, Deeraili, Ai, additional, Yeates, Karen, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Mozaffarian, Dariush, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

75. Is bioelectrical impedance accurate for use in large epidemiological studies?

Author

Merchant Anwar T and Dehghan Mahshid

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Percentage of body fat is strongly associated with the risk of several chronic diseases but its accurate measurement is difficult. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a relatively simple, quick and non-invasive technique, to measure body composition. It measures body fat accurately in controlled clinical conditions but its performance in the field is inconsistent. In large epidemiologic studies simpler surrogate techniques such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio are frequently used instead of BIA to measure body fatness. We reviewed the rationale, theory, and technique of recently developed systems such as foot (or hand)-to-foot BIA measurement, and the elements that could influence its results in large epidemiologic studies. BIA results are influenced by factors such as the environment, ethnicity, phase of menstrual cycle, and underlying medical conditions. We concluded that BIA measurements validated for specific ethnic groups, populations and conditions can accurately measure body fat in those populations, but not others and suggest that for large epdiemiological studies with diverse populations BIA may not be the appropriate choice for body composition measurement unless specific calibration equations are developed for different groups participating in the study.

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

76. Is plasma vitamin C an appropriate biomarker of vitamin C intake? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

McMillan Catherine R, Akhtar-Danesh Noori, Dehghan Mahshid, and Thabane Lehana

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background As the primary source of dietary vitamin C is fruit and to some extent vegetables, the plasma level of vitamin C has been considered a good surrogate or predictor of vitamin C intake by fruit and vegetable consumption. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the relationship between dietary vitamin C intakes measured by different dietary methods and plasma levels of vitamin C. Method We searched the literature up to May 2006 through the OVID interface: MEDLINE (from 1960) and EMBASE (from 1988). We also reviewed the reference lists in the articles, reviews, and textbooks retrieved. A total of 26 studies were selected and their results were combined using meta-analytic techniques with random-effect model approach. Results The overall result of this study showed a positive correlation coefficient between Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and biomarker (r = 0.35 for "both" genders, 0.39 for females, and 0.46 for males). Also the correlation between Dietary Recalls (DR)/diary and biomarker was 0.46 for "both" genders, 0.44 for females, and 0.36 for males. An overall correlation of 0.39 was found when using the weight record method. Adjusting for energy intake improved the observed correlation for FFQ from 0.31 to 0.41. In addition, we compared the correlation for smokers and non-smokers for both genders (FFQ: for non-smoker r = 0.45, adjusted for smoking r = 0.33). Conclusion Our findings show that FFQ and DR/diary have a moderate relationship with plasma vitamin C. The correlation may be affected/influenced by the presence of external factors such as vitamin bioavailability, absorption condition, stress and food processing and storage time, or by error in reporting vitamin C intake.

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

77. Diet, physical activity, and adiposity in children in poor and rich neighbourhoods: a cross-sectional comparison

Author

Dehghan Mahshid, Merchant Anwar T, Behnke-Cook Deanna, and Anand Sonia S

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background Obesity in Canadian children increased three-fold in twenty years. Children living in low-income neighborhoods exercise less and are more overweight than those living in more affluent neighborhoods after accounting for family socio-economic status. Strategies to prevent obesity in children have focused on personal habits, ignoring neighborhood characteristics. It is essential to evaluate diet and physical activity patterns in relation to socio-economic conditions to understand the determinants of obesity. The objective of this pilot study was to compare diet, physical activity, and the built environment in two Hamilton area elementary schools serving socio-economically different communities. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study (November 2005-March 2006) in two public elementary schools in Hamilton, Ontario, School A and School B, located in low and high socioeconomic areas respectively. We assessed dietary intake, physical activity, dietary restraint, and anthropometric measures in consenting children in grades 1 and higher. From their parents we assessed family characteristics and walkability of the built environment. Results 160 children (n = 48, School A and n = 112, School B), and 156 parents (n = 43, School A and n = 113, School B) participated in this study. The parents with children at School A were less educated and had lower incomes than those at School B. The School A neighborhood was perceived to be less walkable than the School B neighborhood. Children at School A consumed more baked foods, chips, sodas, gelatin desserts, and candies and less low fat dairy, and dark bread than those at School B. Children at School A watched more television and spent more time in front of the computer than children studying at School B, but reported spending less time sitting on weekdays and weekends. Children at both schools were overweight but there was no difference in their mean BMI z-scores (School A = 0.65 versus School B = 0.81, p-value = 0.38). Conclusion The determinants of overweight in children may be more complex than imagined. In future intervention programs researchers may consider addressing environmental factors, and customizing lifestyle interventions so that they are closer to community needs.

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

78. Effects of Lipid-Lowering and Antihypertensive Treatments in Addition to Healthy Lifestyles in Primary Prevention : An Analysis of the HOPE-3 Trial

Author

Dagenais, Gilles R., Jung, Hyejung, Lonn, Eva, Bogaty, Peter M., Dehghan, Mahshid, Held, Claes, Avezum, Alvaro, Jansky, Petr, Keltai, Matyas, Leiter, Lawrence A., Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Toff, William D., Bosch, Jackie, Yusuf, Salim, Dagenais, Gilles R., Jung, Hyejung, Lonn, Eva, Bogaty, Peter M., Dehghan, Mahshid, Held, Claes, Avezum, Alvaro, Jansky, Petr, Keltai, Matyas, Leiter, Lawrence A., Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Toff, William D., Bosch, Jackie, and Yusuf, Salim

Abstract

Background-It is not clear whether the effects of lipid-lowering or antihypertensive medications are influenced by adherence to healthy lifestyle factors. We assessed the effects of both drug interventions in subgroups by the number of healthy lifestyle factors in participants in the HOPE-3 (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) trial. Methods and Results-In this primary prevention trial, 4 healthy lifestyle factors (nonsmoking status, physical activity, optimal body weight, and healthy diet) were recorded in 12 521 participants who were at intermediate risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and were randomized to rosuvastatin, candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide, their combination, or matched placebos. Median follow-up was 5.6 years. The outcome was a composite of CVD events. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression models. Participants with >= 2 healthy lifestyle factors had a lower rate of CVD compared with those with fewer factors (HR: 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-1.00). Rosuvastatin reduced CVD events in participants with >= 2 healthy lifestyle factors (HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62-0.90) and in participants with <2 factors (HR: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-1.01). Consistent results were observed with combination therapy (>= 2 factors: HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57-0.97; <2 factors: HR: 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43-0.88). Candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide tends to reduce CVD only in participants with <2 healthy lifestyle factors (HR: 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61-1.00). Conclusions-Healthy lifestyles are associated with lower CVD. Rosuvastatin alone and combined with candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide is beneficial regardless of healthy lifestyle status; however, the benefit of antihypertensive treatment appears to be limited to patients with less healthy lifestyles.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

79. Food composition database development for between country comparisons

Author

Merchant Anwar T and Dehghan Mahshid

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Nutritional assessment by diet analysis is a two-stepped process consisting of evaluation of food consumption, and conversion of food into nutrient intake by using a food composition database, which lists the mean nutritional values for a given food portion. Most reports in the literature focus on minimizing errors in estimation of food consumption but the selection of a specific food composition table used in nutrient estimation is also a source of errors. We are conducting a large prospective study internationally and need to compare diet, assessed by food frequency questionnaires, in a comparable manner between different countries. We have prepared a multi-country food composition database for nutrient estimation in all the countries participating in our study. The nutrient database is primarily based on the USDA food composition database, modified appropriately with reference to local food composition tables, and supplemented with recipes of locally eaten mixed dishes. By doing so we have ensured that the units of measurement, method of selection of foods for testing, and assays used for nutrient estimation are consistent and as current as possible, and yet have taken into account some local variations. Using this common metric for nutrient assessment will reduce differential errors in nutrient estimation and improve the validity of between-country comparisons.

Published
2006
Full Text
View/download PDF

80. White Rice Intake and Incident Diabetes: A Study of 132,373 Participants in 21 Countries.

Author

Bhavadharini, Balaji, Mohan, Viswanathan, Dehghan, Mahshid, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Rosengren, Annika, Wielgosz, Andreas, Avezum, Alvaro, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Lanas, Fernando, Dans, Antonio L., Yeates, Karen, Poirier, Paul, Chifamba, Jephat, Alhabib, Khalid F., Mohammadifard, Noushin, Zatońska, Katarzyna, Khatib, Rasha, Vural Keskinler, Mirac, and Wei, Li

Subjects
RICE, DIABETES, RICE quality, NONNUTRITIVE sweeteners, COUNTRIES, INGESTION, DIET, DISEASE incidence, TYPE 2 diabetes, DISEASE prevalence, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, RURAL population, LONGITUDINAL method
Abstract

Objective: Previous prospective studies on the association of white rice intake with incident diabetes have shown contradictory results but were conducted in single countries and predominantly in Asia. We report on the association of white rice with risk of diabetes in the multinational Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study.Research Design and Methods: Data on 132,373 individuals aged 35-70 years from 21 countries were analyzed. White rice consumption (cooked) was categorized as <150, ≥150 to <300, ≥300 to <450, and ≥450 g/day, based on one cup of cooked rice = 150 g. The primary outcome was incident diabetes. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using a multivariable Cox frailty model.Results: During a mean follow-up period of 9.5 years, 6,129 individuals without baseline diabetes developed incident diabetes. In the overall cohort, higher intake of white rice (≥450 g/day compared with <150 g/day) was associated with increased risk of diabetes (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.02-1.40; P for trend = 0.003). However, the highest risk was seen in South Asia (HR 1.61; 95% CI 1.13-2.30; P for trend = 0.02), followed by other regions of the world (which included South East Asia, Middle East, South America, North America, Europe, and Africa) (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.08-1.86; P for trend = 0.01), while in China there was no significant association (HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.77-1.40; P for trend = 0.38).Conclusions: Higher consumption of white rice is associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes with the strongest association being observed in South Asia, while in other regions, a modest, nonsignificant association was seen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

81. Nutrient estimation from an FFQ developed for a black Zimbabwean population

Author

Chifamba Jephat, Dehghan Mahshid, Merchant Anwar T, Terera Getrude, and Yusuf Salim

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background There is little information in the literature on methods of food composition database development to calculate nutrient intake from food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data. The aim of this study is to describe the development of an FFQ and a food composition table to calculate nutrient intake in a Black Zimbabwean population. Methods Trained interviewers collected 24-hour dietary recalls (24 hr DR) from high and low income families in urban and rural Zimbabwe. Based on these data and input from local experts we developed an FFQ, containing a list of frequently consumed foods, standard portion sizes, and categories of consumption frequency. We created a food composition table of the foods found in the FFQ so that we could compute nutrient intake. We used the USDA nutrient database as the main resource because it is relatively complete, updated, and easily accessible. To choose the food item in the USDA nutrient database that most closely matched the nutrient content of the local food we referred to a local food composition table. Results Almost all the participants ate sadza (maize porridge) at least 5 times a week, and about half had matemba (fish) and caterpillar more than once a month. Nutrient estimates obtained from the FFQ data by using the USDA and Zimbabwean food composition tables were similar for total energy intake intra class correlation (ICC) = 0.99, and carbohydrate (ICC = 0.99), but different for vitamin A (ICC = 0.53), and total folate (ICC = 0.68). Conclusion We have described a standardized process of FFQ and food composition database development for a Black Zimbabwean population.

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

82. Childhood obesity, prevalence and prevention

Author

Merchant Anwar T, Akhtar-Danesh Noori, and Dehghan Mahshid

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels in developed countries. Twenty five percent of children in the US are overweight and 11% are obese. Overweight and obesity in childhood are known to have significant impact on both physical and psychological health. The mechanism of obesity development is not fully understood and it is believed to be a disorder with multiple causes. Environmental factors, lifestyle preferences, and cultural environment play pivotal roles in the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide. In general, overweight and obesity are assumed to be the results of an increase in caloric and fat intake. On the other hand, there are supporting evidence that excessive sugar intake by soft drink, increased portion size, and steady decline in physical activity have been playing major roles in the rising rates of obesity all around the world. Consequently, both over-consumption of calories and reduced physical activity are involved in childhood obesity. Almost all researchers agree that prevention could be the key strategy for controlling the current epidemic of obesity. Prevention may include primary prevention of overweight or obesity, secondary prevention or prevention of weight regains following weight loss, and avoidance of more weight increase in obese persons unable to lose weight. Until now, most approaches have focused on changing the behaviour of individuals in diet and exercise. It seems, however, that these strategies have had little impact on the growing increase of the obesity epidemic. While about 50% of the adults are overweight and obese in many countries, it is difficult to reduce excessive weight once it becomes established. Children should therefore be considered the priority population for intervention strategies. Prevention may be achieved through a variety of interventions targeting built environment, physical activity, and diet. Some of these potential strategies for intervention in children can be implemented by targeting preschool institutions, schools or after-school care services as natural setting for influencing the diet and physical activity. All in all, there is an urgent need to initiate prevention and treatment of obesity in children.

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

83. Development of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for use in United Arab Emirates and Kuwait based on local foods

Author

Yusuf Salim, Nusrath Fathimunissa, Yusufali AfzalHussein, Al Hamad Nawal, Dehghan Mahshid, and Merchant Anwar T

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) is one of the most commonly used tools in epidemiologic studies to assess long-term nutritional exposure. The purpose of this study is to describe the development of a culture specific FFQ for Arab populations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Kuwait. Methods We interviewed samples of Arab populations over 18 years old in UAE and Kuwait assessing their dietary intakes using 24-hour dietary recall. Based on the most commonly reported foods and portion sizes, we constructed a food list with the units of measurement. The food list was converted to a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ) format following the basic pattern of SFFQ using usual reported portions. The long SFFQ was field-tested, shortened and developed into the final SFFQ. To estimate nutrients from mixed dishes we collected recipes of those mixed dishes that were commonly eaten, and estimated their nutritional content by using nutrient values of the ingredients that took into account method of preparation from the US Department of Agriculture's Food Composition Database. Results The SFFQs consist of 153 and 152 items for UAE and Kuwait, respectively. The participants reported average intakes over the past year. On average the participants reported eating 3.4 servings/d of fruits and 3.1 servings/d of vegetables in UAE versus 2.8 servings/d of fruits and 3.2 servings/d of vegetables in Kuwait. Participants reported eating cereals 4.8 times/d in UAE and 5.3 times/d in Kuwait. The mean intake of dairy products was 2.2/d in UAE and 3.4 among Kuwaiti. Conclusion We have developed SFFQs to measure diet in UAE and Kuwait that will serve the needs of public health researchers and clinicians and are currently validating those instruments.

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

84. Effects of Lipid‐Lowering and Antihypertensive Treatments in Addition to Healthy Lifestyles in Primary Prevention: An Analysis of the HOPE‐3 Trial

Author

Dagenais, Gilles R., primary, Jung, Hyejung, additional, Lonn, Eva, additional, Bogaty, Peter M., additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Held, Claes, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Jansky, Petr, additional, Keltai, Matyàs, additional, Leiter, Lawrence A., additional, Lopez‐Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Toff, William D., additional, Bosch, Jackie, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

86. Profile of suicide attempts and risk factors among psychiatric patients: A case-control study

Author

Bhatt, Meha, primary, Perera, Stefan, additional, Zielinski, Laura, additional, Eisen, Rebecca B., additional, Yeung, Sharon, additional, El-Sheikh, Wala, additional, DeJesus, Jane, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Sholer, Heather, additional, Iordan, Elizabeth, additional, Mackie, Pam, additional, Islam, Shofiqul, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Thabane, Lehana, additional, and Samaan, Zainab, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

87. Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study

Author

10922180 - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Miller, Victoria, Schutte, Aletta E., Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, 10922180 - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, 10998497 - Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Miller, Victoria, Schutte, Aletta E., Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Mente, Andrew, and Dehghan, Mahshid

Abstract

Background The association between intake of fruits, vegetables, and legumes with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated extensively in Europe, the USA, Japan, and China, but little or no data are available from the Middle East, South America, Africa, or south Asia. Methods We did a prospective cohort study (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology [PURE] in 135 335 individuals aged 35 to 70 years without cardiovascular disease from 613 communities in 18 low-income, middle-income, and highincome countries in seven geographical regions: North America and Europe, South America, the Middle East, south Asia, China, southeast Asia, and Africa. We documented their diet using country-specific food frequency questionnaires at baseline. Standardised questionnaires were used to collect information about demographic factors, socioeconomic status (education, income, and employment), lifestyle (smoking, physical activity, and alcohol intake), health history and medication use, and family history of cardiovascular disease. The follow-up period varied based on the date when recruitment began at each site or country. The main clinical outcomes were major cardiovascular disease (defined as death from cardiovascular causes and non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure), fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal and non-fatal strokes, cardiovascular mortality, non-cardiovascular mortality, and total mortality. Cox frailty models with random effects were used to assess associations between fruit, vegetable, and legume consumption with risk of cardiovascular disease events and mortality. Findings Participants were enrolled into the study between Jan 1, 2003, and March 31, 2013. For the current analysis, we included all unrefuted outcome events in the PURE study database through March 31, 2017. Overall, combined mean fruit, vegetable and legume intake was 3·91 (SD 2·77) servings per day. During a median 7·4 years (5·5–9·3) of followup, 4784 major card

Published
2017

88. Availability and affordability of cardiovascular disease medicines and their effect on use in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries. An analysis of the PURE study data

Author

Miller, Victoria, Yusuf, Salim, Chow, Clara K., Dehghan, Mahshid, Corsi, Daniel J., Lock, Karen, Popkin, Barry, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Khatib, Rasha, Lear, Scott A., Mony, Prem, Kaur, Manmeet, Mohan, Viswanathan, Vijayakumar, Krishnapillai, Gupta, Rajeev, Kruger, Annamarie, Tsolekile, Lungiswa, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Rahman, Omar, Rosengren, Annika, Avezum, Alvaro, Orlandini, Andrés, Ismail, Noorhassim, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Karsidag, Kubilay, Iqbal, Romaina, Chifamba, Jephat, Oakley, Solange Martinez, Ariffin, Farnaza, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Poirier, Paul, Wei, Li, Jian, Bo, Hui, Chen, Xu, Liu, Xiulin, Bai, Teo, Koon, Mente, Andrew, and Masira

Abstract

Digital, Methods We assessed fruit and vegetable consumption using data from country-specific, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, which enrolled participants from communities in 18 countries between Jan 1, 2003, and Dec 31, 2013. We documented household income data from participants in these communities; we also recorded the diversity and non-sale prices of fruits and vegetables from grocery stores and market places between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2013. We determined the cost of fruits and vegetables relative to income per household member. Linear random effects models, adjusting for the clustering of households within communities, were used to assess mean fruit and vegetable intake by their relative cost. Findings Of 143 305 participants who reported plausible energy intake in the food frequency questionnaire, mean fruit and vegetable intake was 3·76 servings (95% CI 3·66–3·86) per day. Mean daily consumption was 2·14 servings (1·93–2·36) in low-income countries (LICs), 3·17 servings (2·99–3·35) in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), 4·31 servings (4·09–4·53) in upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), and 5·42 servings (5·13–5·71) in high-income countries (HICs). In 130 402 participants who had household income data available, the cost of two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables per day per individual accounted for 51·97% (95% CI 46·06–57·88) of household income in LICs, 18·10% (14·53–21·68) in LMICs, 15·87% (11·51–20·23) in UMICs, and 1·85% (−3·90 to 7·59) in HICs (ptrend=0·0001). In all regions, a higher percentage of income to meet the guidelines was required in rural areas than in urban areas (p, Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud

Published
2016

89. Association of dietary nutrients with blood lipids and blood pressure in 18 countries: a cross-sectional analysis from the PURE study

Author

Mente, Andrew, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, McQueen, Matthew, additional, Dagenais, Gilles, additional, Wielgosz, Andreas, additional, Lear, Scott, additional, Li, Wei, additional, Chen, Hui, additional, Yi, Sun, additional, Wang, Yang, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Seron, Pamela, additional, Kumar, Rajesh, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Kutty, Raman, additional, Zatonska, Katarzyna, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Nasir, Nafiza Mat, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Oguz, Aytekin, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Puoane, Thandi, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, Yusuf, Salim, additional, Yusuf, S, additional, Rangarajan, S, additional, Teo, K K, additional, Chow, C K, additional, O'Donnell, M, additional, Mente, A, additional, Leong, D, additional, Smyth, A, additional, Joseph, P, additional, Merchant, A, additional, Islam, S, additional, Zhang, M, additional, Hu, W, additional, Ramasundarahettige, C, additional, Wong, G, additional, Bangdiwala, S, additional, Dyal, L, additional, Casanova, A, additional, Dehghan, M, additional, Lewis, G, additional, Aliberti, A, additional, Arshad, A, additional, Reyes, A, additional, Zaki, A, additional, Lewis, B, additional, Zhang, B, additional, Agapay, D, additional, Hari, D, additional, Milazzo, E, additional, Ramezani, E, additional, Hussain, F, additional, Shifaly, F, additional, McAlpine, G, additional, Kay, I, additional, Lindeman, J, additional, Rimac, J, additional, Swallow, J, additional, Heldman, L, additional, Mushtaha, M(a), additional, Mushtaha, M(o), additional, Trottier, M, additional, Riggi, M, additional, Aoucheva, N, additional, Kandy, N, additional, Mackie, P, additional, Solano, R, additional, Chin, S, additional, Ramacham, S, additional, Shahrook, S, additional, Trottier, S, additional, Tongana, T, additional, ElSheikh, W, additional, Iyengar, Y, additional, McQueen, M, additional, Hall, K, additional, Keys, J, additional, Wang, X, additional, Keneth, J, additional, Devanath, A, additional, Diaz, R, additional, Orlandini, A, additional, Linetsky, B, additional, Toscanelli, S, additional, Casaccia, G, additional, Cuneo, JM Maini, additional, Rahman, O, additional, Yusuf, R, additional, Azad, AK, additional, Rabbani, KA, additional, Cherry, HM, additional, Mannan, A, additional, Hassan, I, additional, Talukdar, AT, additional, Tooheen, RB, additional, Khan, MU, additional, Sintaha, M, additional, Choudhury, T, additional, Haque, R, additional, Parvin, S, additional, Avezum, A, additional, Oliveira, GB, additional, Marcilio, CS, additional, Mattos, AC, additional, Teo, K, additional, Dejesus, J, additional, Elsheikh, W, additional, Dagenais, G, additional, Poirier, P, additional, Turbide, G, additional, Auger, D, additional, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, additional, Proulx, MC, additional, Cayer, M, additional, Bonneville, N, additional, Lear, S, additional, Gasevic, D, additional, Corber, E, additional, de Jong, V, additional, Vukmirovich, I, additional, Wielgosz, A, additional, Fodor, G, additional, Pipe, A, additional, Shane, A, additional, Lanas, F, additional, Seron, P, additional, Martinez, S, additional, Valdebenito, A, additional, Oliveros, M, additional, Wei, Li, additional, Lisheng, Liu, additional, Chunming, Chen, additional, Xingyu, Wang, additional, Wenhua, Zhao, additional, Hongye, Zhang, additional, Xuan, Jia, additional, Bo, Hu, additional, Jian, Bo, additional, Xiuwen, Zhao, additional, Xiaohong, Chang, additional, Tao, Chen, additional, Hui, Chen, additional, Qing, Deng, additional, Xiaoru, Cheng, additional, Xinye, He, additional, Jian, Li, additional, Juan, Li, additional, Xu, Liu, additional, Bing, Ren, additional, Wei, Wang, additional, Yang, Wang, additional, Jun, Yang, additional, Yi, Zhai, additional, Manlu, Zhu, additional, Fanghong, Lu, additional, Jianfang, Wu, additional, Yindong, Li, additional, Yan, Hou, additional, Liangqing, Zhang, additional, Baoxia, Guo, additional, Xiaoyang, Liao, additional, Shiying, Zhang, additional, Rongwen, Bian, additional, Xiuzhen, Tian, additional, Dong, Li, additional, Di, Chen, additional, Jianguo, Wu, additional, Yize, Xiao, additional, Tianlu, Liu, additional, Peng, Zhang, additional, Changlin, Dong, additional, Ning, Li, additional, Xiaolan, Ma, additional, Yuqing, Yang, additional, Rensheng, Lei, additional, Minfan, Fu, additional, Jing, He, additional, Yu, Liu, additional, Xiaojie, Xing, additional, Qiang, Zhou, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, additional, Lopez, PA Camacho, additional, Garcia, R, additional, Jurado, LJA, additional, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, additional, Arguello, JF, additional, Dueñas, R, additional, Silva, S, additional, Pradilla, LP, additional, Ramirez, F, additional, Molina, DI, additional, Cure-Cure, C, additional, Perez, M, additional, Hernandez, E, additional, Arcos, E, additional, Fernandez, S, additional, Narvaez, C, additional, Paez, J, additional, Sotomayor, A, additional, Garcia, H, additional, Sanchez, G, additional, David, T, additional, Rico, A, additional, Mony, P, additional, Vaz, M, additional, Bharathi, A V, additional, Swaminathan, S, additional, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, additional, Jayachitra, KG, additional, Kumar, N, additional, Hospital, HAL, additional, Mohan, V, additional, Deepa, M, additional, Parthiban, K, additional, Anitha, M, additional, Hemavathy, S, additional, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, additional, Anitha, D, additional, Sridevi, K, additional, Gupta, R, additional, Panwar, RB, additional, Mohan, I, additional, Rastogi, P, additional, Rastogi, S, additional, Bhargava, R, additional, Kumar, R, additional, Thakur, J S, additional, Patro, B, additional, Lakshmi, PVM, additional, Mahajan, R, additional, Chaudary, P, additional, Kutty, V Raman, additional, Vijayakumar, K, additional, Ajayan, K, additional, Rajasree, G, additional, Renjini, AR, additional, Deepu, A, additional, Sandhya, B, additional, Asha, S, additional, Soumya, HS, additional, Kelishadi, R, additional, Bahonar, A, additional, Mohammadifard, N, additional, Heidari, H, additional, Yusoff, K, additional, Ismail, TST, additional, Ng, KK, additional, Devi, A, additional, Nasir, NM, additional, Yasin, MM, additional, Miskan, M, additional, Rahman, EA, additional, Arsad, MKM, additional, Ariffin, F, additional, Razak, SA, additional, Majid, FA, additional, Bakar, NA, additional, Yacob, MY, additional, Zainon, N, additional, Salleh, R, additional, Ramli, MKA, additional, Halim, NA, additional, Norlizan, SR, additional, Ghazali, NM, additional, Arshad, MN, additional, Razali, R, additional, Ali, S, additional, Othman, HR, additional, Hafar, CWJCW, additional, Pit, A, additional, Danuri, N, additional, Basir, F, additional, Zahari, SNA, additional, Abdullah, H, additional, Arippin, MA, additional, Zakaria, NA, additional, Noorhassim, I, additional, Hasni, MJ, additional, Azmi, MT, additional, Zaleha, MI, additional, Hazdi, KY, additional, Rizam, AR, additional, Sazman, W, additional, Azman, A, additional, Khatib, R, additional, Khammash, U, additional, Khatib, A, additional, Giacaman, R, additional, Iqbal, R, additional, Afridi, A, additional, Khawaja, R, additional, Raza, A, additional, Kazmi, K, additional, Dans, A, additional, Co, HU, additional, Sanchez, JT, additional, Pudol, L, additional, Zamora-Pudol, C, additional, Palileo-Villanueva, LAM, additional, Aquino, MR, additional, Abaquin, C, additional, Pudol, SL, additional, Cabral, ML, additional, Zatonski, W, additional, Szuba, A, additional, Zatonska, K, additional, Ilow, R, additional, Ferus, M, additional, Regulska-Ilow, B, additional, Rózanska, D, additional, Wolyniec, M, additional, AlHabib, KF, additional, Hersi, A, additional, Kashour, T, additional, Alfaleh, H, additional, Alshamiri, M, additional, Altaradi, HB, additional, Alnobani, O, additional, Bafart, A, additional, Alkamel, N, additional, Ali, M, additional, Abdulrahman, M, additional, Nouri, R, additional, Kruger, A, additional, Voster, H H, additional, Schutte, A E, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, additional, Eloff, FC, additional, de Ridder, H, additional, Moss, H, additional, Potgieter, J, additional, Roux, AA, additional, Watson, M, additional, de Wet, G, additional, Olckers, A, additional, Jerling, JC, additional, Pieters, M, additional, Hoekstra, T, additional, Puoane, T, additional, Igumbor, E, additional, Tsolekile, L, additional, Sanders, D, additional, Naidoo, P, additional, Steyn, N, additional, Peer, N, additional, Mayosi, B, additional, Rayner, B, additional, Lambert, V, additional, Levitt, N, additional, Kolbe-Alexander, T, additional, Ntyintyane, L, additional, Hughes, G, additional, Swart, R, additional, Fourie, J, additional, Muzigaba, M, additional, Xapa, S, additional, Gobile, N, additional, Ndayi, K, additional, Jwili, B, additional, Ndibaza, K, additional, Egbujie, B, additional, Rosengren, A, additional, Bengtsson Boström, K, additional, Gustavsson, A, additional, Andreasson, M, additional, Snällman, M, additional, Wirdemann, L, additional, Yeates, K, additional, Sleeth, J, additional, Kilonzo, K, additional, Oguz, A, additional, Imeryuz, N, additional, Altuntas, Y, additional, Gulec, S, additional, Temizhan, A, additional, Karsidag, K, additional, Calik, KBT, additional, Akalin, AAK, additional, Caklili, OT, additional, Keskinler, MV, additional, Erbakan, AN, additional, Yusufali, AM, additional, Almahmeed, W, additional, Swidan, H, additional, Darwish, EA, additional, Hashemi, ARA, additional, Al-Khaja, N, additional, Muscat-Baron, JM, additional, Ahmed, SH, additional, Mamdouh, TM, additional, Darwish, WM, additional, Abdelmotagali, MHS, additional, Awed, SA Omer, additional, Movahedi, GA, additional, Al Shaibani, H, additional, Gharabou, RIM, additional, Youssef, DF, additional, Nawati, AZS, additional, Salah, ZAR Abu, additional, Abdalla, RFE, additional, Al Shuwaihi, SM, additional, Al Omairi, MA, additional, Cadigal, OD, additional, Alejandrino, R.S., additional, Chifamba, J, additional, Gwaunza, L, additional, Terera, G, additional, Mahachi, C, additional, Murambiwa, P, additional, Machiweni, T, additional, and Mapanga, R, additional

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

91. Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System : A Report from the Workshop Convened by the World Heart Federation

Author

Anand, Sonia S., Hawkes, Corinna, De Souza, Russell J., Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, Nugent, Rachel, Zulyniak, Michael A., Weis, Tony, Bernstein, Adam M., Krauss, Ronald M., Kromhout, Daan, Jenkins, David J.A., Malik, Vasanti, Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A., Mozaffarian, Dariush, Yusuf, Salim, Willett, Walter C., and Popkin, Barry M.

Subjects
climate change, Nutrition and Disease, cardiovascular disease, Voeding en Ziekte, food consumption, Humane Voeding & Gezondheid, low- and middle-income countries, food system, diet, Human Nutrition & Health
Abstract

Major scholars in the field, on the basis of a 3-day consensus, created an in-depth review of current knowledge on the role of diet in cardiovascular disease (CVD), the changing global food system and global dietary patterns, and potential policy solutions. Evidence from different countries and age/race/ethnicity/socioeconomic groups suggesting the health effects studies of foods, macronutrients, and dietary patterns on CVD appear to be far more consistent though regional knowledge gaps is highlighted. Large gaps in knowledge about the association of macronutrients to CVD in low- and middle-income countries particularly linked with dietary patterns are reviewed. Our understanding of foods and macronutrients in relationship to CVD is broadly clear; however, major gaps exist both in dietary pattern research and ways to change diets and food systems. On the basis of the current evidence, the traditional Mediterranean-type diet, including plant foods and emphasis on plant protein sources provides a well-tested healthy dietary pattern to reduce CVD.

Published
2015

92. Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE):a case-control study

Author

O'Donnell, Martin J, Chin, Siu Lim, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Xavier, Denis, Liu, Lisheng, Zhang, Hongye, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, Zhang, Xiaohe, Pais, Prem, Agapay, Steven, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Damasceno, Albertino, Langhorne, Peter, McQueen, Matthew J, Rosengren, Annika, Dehghan, Mahshid, Hankey, Graeme J, Dans, Antonio L, Elsayed, Ahmed, Avezum, Alvaro, Mondo, Charles, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Czlonkowska, Anna, Pogosova, Nana, Weimar, Christian, Iqbal, Romaina, Diaz, Rafael, Yusoff, Khalid, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Oguz, Aytekin, Wang, Xingyu, Penaherrera, Ernesto, Lanas, Fernando, Ogah, Okechukwu S, Ogunniyi, Adesola, Iversen, Helle K, Malaga, German, Rumboldt, Zvonko, Oveisgharan, Shahram, Al Hussain, Fawaz, Magazi, Daliwonga, Nilanont, Yongchai, Ferguson, John, Pare, Guillaume, Yusuf, Salim, O'Donnell, Martin J, Chin, Siu Lim, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Xavier, Denis, Liu, Lisheng, Zhang, Hongye, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, Zhang, Xiaohe, Pais, Prem, Agapay, Steven, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Damasceno, Albertino, Langhorne, Peter, McQueen, Matthew J, Rosengren, Annika, Dehghan, Mahshid, Hankey, Graeme J, Dans, Antonio L, Elsayed, Ahmed, Avezum, Alvaro, Mondo, Charles, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Czlonkowska, Anna, Pogosova, Nana, Weimar, Christian, Iqbal, Romaina, Diaz, Rafael, Yusoff, Khalid, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Oguz, Aytekin, Wang, Xingyu, Penaherrera, Ernesto, Lanas, Fernando, Ogah, Okechukwu S, Ogunniyi, Adesola, Iversen, Helle K, Malaga, German, Rumboldt, Zvonko, Oveisgharan, Shahram, Al Hussain, Fawaz, Magazi, Daliwonga, Nilanont, Yongchai, Ferguson, John, Pare, Guillaume, and Yusuf, Salim

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. We sought to quantify the importance of potentially modifiable risk factors for stroke in different regions of the world, and in key populations and primary pathological subtypes of stroke.METHODS: We completed a standardised international case-control study in 32 countries in Asia, America, Europe, Australia, the Middle East, and Africa. Cases were patients with acute first stroke (within 5 days of symptom onset and 72 h of hospital admission). Controls were hospital-based or community-based individuals with no history of stroke, and were matched with cases, recruited in a 1:1 ratio, for age and sex. All participants completed a clinical assessment and were requested to provide blood and urine samples. Odds ratios (OR) and their population attributable risks (PARs) were calculated, with 99% confidence intervals.FINDINGS: Between Jan 11, 2007, and Aug 8, 2015, 26 919 participants were recruited from 32 countries (13 447 cases [10 388 with ischaemic stroke and 3059 intracerebral haemorrhage] and 13 472 controls). Previous history of hypertension or blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or higher (OR 2·98, 99% CI 2·72-3·28; PAR 47·9%, 99% CI 45·1-50·6), regular physical activity (0·60, 0·52-0·70; 35·8%, 27·7-44·7), apolipoprotein (Apo)B/ApoA1 ratio (1·84, 1·65-2·06 for highest vs lowest tertile; 26·8%, 22·2-31·9 for top two tertiles vs lowest tertile), diet (0·60, 0·53-0·67 for highest vs lowest tertile of modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index [mAHEI]; 23·2%, 18·2-28·9 for lowest two tertiles vs highest tertile of mAHEI), waist-to-hip ratio (1·44, 1·27-1·64 for highest vs lowest tertile; 18·6%, 13·3-25·3 for top two tertiles vs lowest), psychosocial factors (2·20, 1·78-2·72; 17·4%, 13·1-22·6), current smoking (1·67, 1·49-1·87; 12·4%, 10·2-14·9), cardiac causes (3·17, 2·68-3·75; 9·1%, 8·0-10·2), alcohol consumption (2·09, 1·64-2·67 for high

Published
2016

93. Exploring the Association between Serum BDNF and Attempted Suicide

Author

Eisen, Rebecca B., primary, Perera, Stefan, additional, Bawor, Monica, additional, Dennis, Brittany B., additional, El-Sheikh, Wala, additional, DeJesus, Jane, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Vair, Judith, additional, Sholer, Heather, additional, Hutchinson, Nicole, additional, Iordan, Elizabeth, additional, Mackie, Pam, additional, Islam, Shofiqul, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Brasch, Jennifer, additional, Anglin, Rebecca, additional, Minuzzi, Luciano, additional, Thabane, Lehana, additional, and Samaan, Zainab, additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

94. Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 18 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study.

Author

Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Xiaohe Zhang, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Wei Li, Mohan, Viswanathan, Iqbal, Romaina, Kumar, Rajesh, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Rosengren, Annika, Amma, Leela Itty, Avezum, Alvaro, Chifamba, Jephat, Diaz, Rafael, Khatib, Rasha, Lear, Scott, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Xiaoyun Liu, Gupta, Rajeev, and Mohammadifard, Noushin

Subjects
*CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, *PATIENTS, *NUTRITION, *COHORT analysis, *QUESTIONNAIRES, CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality
Abstract

Background: The relationship between macronutrients and cardiovascular disease and mortality is controversial. Most available data are from European and North American populations where nutrition excess is more likely, so their applicability to other populations is unclear.Methods: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a large, epidemiological cohort study of individuals aged 35-70 years (enrolled between Jan 1, 2003, and March 31, 2013) in 18 countries with a median follow-up of 7·4 years (IQR 5·3-9·3). Dietary intake of 135 335 individuals was recorded using validated food frequency questionnaires. The primary outcomes were total mortality and major cardiovascular events (fatal cardiovascular disease, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure). Secondary outcomes were all myocardial infarctions, stroke, cardiovascular disease mortality, and non-cardiovascular disease mortality. Participants were categorised into quintiles of nutrient intake (carbohydrate, fats, and protein) based on percentage of energy provided by nutrients. We assessed the associations between consumption of carbohydrate, total fat, and each type of fat with cardiovascular disease and total mortality. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) using a multivariable Cox frailty model with random intercepts to account for centre clustering.Findings: During follow-up, we documented 5796 deaths and 4784 major cardiovascular disease events. Higher carbohydrate intake was associated with an increased risk of total mortality (highest [quintile 5] vs lowest quintile [quintile 1] category, HR 1·28 [95% CI 1·12-1·46], ptrend=0·0001) but not with the risk of cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular disease mortality. Intake of total fat and each type of fat was associated with lower risk of total mortality (quintile 5 vs quintile 1, total fat: HR 0·77 [95% CI 0·67-0·87], ptrend<0·0001; saturated fat, HR 0·86 [0·76-0·99], ptrend=0·0088; monounsaturated fat: HR 0·81 [0·71-0·92], ptrend<0·0001; and polyunsaturated fat: HR 0·80 [0·71-0·89], ptrend<0·0001). Higher saturated fat intake was associated with lower risk of stroke (quintile 5 vs quintile 1, HR 0·79 [95% CI 0·64-0·98], ptrend=0·0498). Total fat and saturated and unsaturated fats were not significantly associated with risk of myocardial infarction or cardiovascular disease mortality.Interpretation: High carbohydrate intake was associated with higher risk of total mortality, whereas total fat and individual types of fat were related to lower total mortality. Total fat and types of fat were not associated with cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, or cardiovascular disease mortality, whereas saturated fat had an inverse association with stroke. Global dietary guidelines should be reconsidered in light of these findings.Funding: Full funding sources listed at the end of the paper (see Acknowledgments). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

95. Nutritional status among women with pre-eclampsia and healthy pregnant and non-pregnant women in a Latin American country

Author

Reyes, Laura M., García, Ronald G., Ruiz, Silvia L., Dehghan, Mahshid, and Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio

Subjects
Developing country, Food intake, Energy intake, Pre‐eclampsia, Nutrition
Abstract

7 p., Aims: Pre‐eclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It has been proposed that, among other risk factors, the nutritional status of women can lead to the endothelial dysfunction that characterizes this entity. The aim of the present study was to compare the nutritional status of women with PE with healthy pregnant and non‐pregnant women. Material and Methods: A multicenter case–control study was carried out. Between September 2006 and July 2009, 201 women with PE were compared with 201 pregnant, and 201 non‐pregnant aged‐matched women without cardiovascular or endocrine diseases. A clinical history and physical examination was performed. Fasting blood samples were drawn to measure serum glucose and lipid profile. The nutritional status of participants was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Results: The average age of women was 26.6 ± 7.2 years. Compared to healthy pregnant controls, women with PE had a higher body mass index, higher fasting blood glucose levels, higher triglycerides, and lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Women with PE had a higher intake of carbohydrates, energy intake and cereal compared to healthy pregnant and non‐pregnant controls. A conditional logistic regression demonstrated that carbohydrate and sodium intake are associated with PE development. Conclusions: Diets of women with PE were characterized by higher energy and carbohydrate intake compared to normal pregnant and non‐pregnant women. This suggests that higher carbohydrate and sodium intake increases the risk of PE among women in Colombia.

Published
2012

98. Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study

Author

Miller, Victoria, Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Zhang, Xiaohe, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Dagenais, Gilles, Gupta, Rajeev, Mohan, Viswanathan, Lear, Scott, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, Schutte, Aletta E, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Avezum, Alvaro, Altuntas, Yuksel, Yusoff, Khalid, Ismail, Noorhassim, Peer, Nasheeta, Chifamba, Jephat, Diaz, Rafael, Rahman, Omar, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Lana, Fernando, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Wielgosz, Andreas, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Iqbal, Romaina, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Khatib, Rasha, Rosengren, Annika, Kutty, V Raman, Li, Wei, Liu, Jiankang, Liu, Xiaoyun, Yin, Lu, Teo, Koon, Anand, Sonia, Yusuf, Salim, Diaz, R, Orlandini, A, Linetsky, B, Toscanelli, S, Casaccia, G, Cuneo, JM Maini, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Azad, AK, Rabbani, KA, Cherry, HM, Mannan, A, Hassan, I, Talukdar, AT, Tooheen, RB, Khan, MU, Sintaha, M, Choudhury, T, Haque, R, Parvin, S, Avezum, A, Oliveira, GB, Marcilio, CS, Mattos, AC, Teo, K, Yusuf, S, Dejesus, J, Agapay, D, Tongana, T, Solano, R, Kay, I, Trottier, S, Rimac, J, Elsheikh, W, Heldman, L, Ramezani, E, Dagenais, G, Poirier, P, Turbide, G, Auger, D, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, Proulx, MC, Cayer, M, Bonneville, N, Lear, S, Gasevic, D, Corber, E, de Jong, V, Vukmirovich, I, Wielgosz, A, Fodor, G, Pipe, A, Shane, A, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Martinez, S, Valdebenito, A, Oliveros, M, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Chunming, Chen, Xingyu, Wang, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, Xuan, Jia, Bo, Hu, Yi, Sun, Jian, Bo, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xiaohong, Chang, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Xiaohong, Chang, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Qing, Deng, Xinye, He, Bo, Hu, Xuan, Jia, Jian, Li, Juan, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Yi, Sun, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Hongye, Zhang, Xiuwen, Zhao, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, Rongwen, Bian, Xiuzhen, Tian, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lopez, PA Camacho, Garcia, R, Jurado, LJA, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, Arguello, JF, Dueñas, R, Silva, S, Pradilla, LP, Ramirez, F, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Fernandez, S, Narvaez, C, Paez, J, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, David, T, Rico, A, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Bharathi, A V, Swaminathan, S, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, Thakur, J S, Patro, B, Lakshmi, PVM, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kelishadi, R, Bahonar, A, Mohammadifard, N, Heidari, H, Yusoff, K, Ismail, TST, Ng, KK, Devi, A, Nasir, NM, Yasin, MM, Miskan, M, Rahman, EA, Arsad, MKM, Ariffin, F, Razak, SA, Majid, FA, Bakar, NA, Yacob, MY, Zainon, N, Salleh, R, Ramli, MKA, Halim, NA, Norlizan, SR, Ghazali, NM, Arshad, MN, Razali, R, Ali, S, Othman, HR, Hafar, CWJCW, Pit, A, Danuri, N, Basir, F, Zahari, SNA, Abdullah, H, Arippin, MA, Zakaria, NA, Noorhassim, I, Hasni, MJ, Azmi, MT, Zaleha, MI, Hazdi, KY, Rizam, AR, Sazman, W, Azman, A, Khatib, R, Khammash, U, Khatib, A, Giacaman, R, Iqbal, R, Afridi, A, Khawaja, R, Raza, A, Kazmi, K, Zatonski, W, Szuba, A, Zatonska, K, Ilow, R, Ferus, M, Regulska-Ilow, B, Rózanska, D, Wolyniec, M, Alkamel, Ali, M, Kruger, M A, Voster, H H, Schutte, A E, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Swart, R, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Ndayi, K, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Rosengren, A, Boström, K Bengtsson, Gustavsson, A, Andreasson, M, Snällman, M, Wirdemann, L, Oguz, A, Imeryuz, N, Altuntas, Y, Gulec, S, Temizhan, A, Karsidag, K, Calik, KBT, Akalin, AAK, Caklili, OT, Keskinler, MV, Erbakan, AN, Yusufali, AM, Almahmeed, W, Swidan, H, Darwish, EA, Hashemi, ARA, Al-Khaja, N, Muscat-Baron, JM, Ahmed, SH, Mamdouh, TM, Darwish, WM, Abdelmotagali, MHS, Awed, SA Omer, Movahedi, GA, Hussain, F, Al Shaibani, H, Gharabou, RIM, Youssef, DF, Nawati, AZS, Salah, ZAR Abu, Abdalla, RFE, Al Shuwaihi, SM, Al Omairi, MA, Cadigal, OD, Alejandrino, R.S., Chifamba, J, Gwaunza, L, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Murambiwa, P, Machiweni, T, and Mapanga, R

Abstract

The association between intake of fruits, vegetables, and legumes with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated extensively in Europe, the USA, Japan, and China, but little or no data are available from the Middle East, South America, Africa, or south Asia.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

99. Nutrition labelling, marketing techniques, nutrition claims and health claims on chip and biscuit packages from sixteen countries.

Author

Mayhew, Alexandra J, Lock, Karen, Kelishadi, Roya, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Marcilio, Claudia S, Iqbal, Romaina, Dehghan, Mahshid, Yusuf, Salim, and Chow, Clara K

Subjects
FOOD labeling, FOOD marketing, NUTRITIONAL status, FOOD packaging, BISCUITS, PUBLIC health, COMPARATIVE studies, INTERNATIONAL agencies, MARKETING, MEDICAL cooperation, NUTRITION policy, RESEARCH, CROSS-sectional method, NUTRITIONAL value, STANDARDS
Abstract

Objective: Food packages were objectively assessed to explore differences in nutrition labelling, selected promotional marketing techniques and health and nutrition claims between countries, in comparison to national regulations.Design: Cross-sectional.Setting: Chip and sweet biscuit packages were collected from sixteen countries at different levels of economic development in the EPOCH (Environmental Profile of a Community's Health) study between 2008 and 2010.Subjects: Seven hundred and thirty-seven food packages were systematically evaluated for nutrition labelling, selected promotional marketing techniques relevant to nutrition and health, and health and nutrition claims. We compared pack labelling in countries with labelling regulations, with voluntary regulations and no regulations.Results: Overall 86 % of the packages had nutrition labels, 30 % had health or nutrition claims and 87 % displayed selected marketing techniques. On average, each package displayed two marketing techniques and one health or nutrition claim. In countries with mandatory nutrition labelling a greater proportion of packages displayed nutrition labels, had more of the seven required nutrients present, more total nutrients listed and higher readability compared with those with voluntary or no regulations. Countries with no health or nutrition claim regulations had fewer claims per package compared with countries with regulations.Conclusions: Nutrition label regulations were associated with increased prevalence and quality of nutrition labels. Health and nutrition claim regulations were unexpectedly associated with increased use of claims, suggesting that current regulations may not have the desired effect of protecting consumers. Of concern, lack of regulation was associated with increased promotional marketing techniques directed at children and misleadingly promoting broad concepts of health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results