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Poor adherence to inhaled drug therapy is considered to be a major factor in asthma related morbidity and it has been shown, in a significant number of patients, that estimates of adherence by patients or parents of children is not accurate. Inaccurate reporting may lead to higher dose of drug or more potent drugs being prescribed. A number of adherence sensors are available for some commercial inhaler devices. However, existing adherence monitoring mainly focuses on how the hardware of an inhaler has been actuated and does not provide evidence of drug aerosol inhalation. Valved holding chambers are now first choice for aerosol drug delivery for young children, who inhale drug by breathing in and out of the device several times and are increasingly used by older children and adults who inhale drug aerosol by taking a single deep breath. To the best knowledge of the authors, there is no adherence sensor in the market that provides evidence of actuation of the drug into a valved holding chamber and evidence that it is inhaled by different age groups. We therefore developed a novel adherence sensor system embedded into a valved holding chambers to achieve this. Our customised algorithm ensures that correct use is recorded, and incorrect use flagged. It also distinguishes a deep breath from tidal breaths and in combination measurement of actuation into the device triggers different classifiers for registering usage as good technique or not. A good technique or poor technique is immediately fed back to users using a visual light signal, while the data recorded is Bluetoothed to a paired mobile device for historical recording and statistical analysis. The entire system, including battery, micro-controller, sensors and Bluetooth, is integrated on a $66 \times 22$ mm2 printed circuit board and weighs only 8 grams. The system has been evaluated on a custom-made artificial lung which mimics the breathing patterns confirming recognition of tidal and deep breaths. The low-power device operates from a 3.3 V, 560 mAh battery and lasts 14 months if used daily.

Latar Belakang: Terapi psiko spiritual merupakan terapi yang berlandaskan faktor spiritual yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan keimanan individu terhadap tuhan untuk meningkatkan kekebalan dan daya tahan dalam menghadapi berbagai problematika. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas terapi psiko spiritual dzikir nafas dalam terhadap penuruan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien Tuberculosis Paru. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 15-19 September 2020. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pre Eksperimental dengan menggunakan pendekatan One Group Pre-Post test desain. Teknik pengambilan sample dengan non probability sampling yaitu incidental sampling. Populasi berjumlah 28 orang dengan jumlah sample sebanyak 21 orang dengan kecemasan. Analisa data menggunakan uji t-test. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil uji statisti t-test diperoleh efektifitas terapi psiko spiritual terhadap penurunan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien Tuberculosis Paru dengan terapi OAT value = 0,001 yang berarti nilai value

I put my lecture notes down by the computer monitor in the front of the classroom and took a deep breath. I had just finished a lecture that discussed the topic of sexual violence during the Holoca...

Parents of children (age 2–12) participated in this study examining the influence of children’s television exposure on parent-reported child-initiated purchase requests and coercive behaviors and t...

Dysmenorrhea is pain during menstruation, usually with felt cramp and concentrated in the lower abdomen. Pain complaints from mild to severe. Based on the causes, dysmenorrhea was divided into two, namely primary and secondary dysmenorrhea. The method to treat dysmenorrhea was used painkillers, take a rest, take a deep breath, calm down, exercise lightly, eat vegetables and fruits, compress the pain parts with hot water. One of nonfarmacology method is use carrot juice. The purpose of this research is to find out carrot juice can reduce primary dysmenorrhea pain on adolescent girls in dorm Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak. This research was used the quasy experiment method with a pre and post test without control approach. The sampling technique was used purposive sampling. Data collections conduct from May to June 2019 used the NRS questionnaire, Sheet Procedure for Giving Carrot Juice. Data was analyzed by Wilcoxon test. The research results showed that before be given carrot juice, the middle value of primary dysmenorrhea pain was 6.00. After be given carrot juice, the middle value of primary dysmenorrhea pain was 2.00, which means there is a difference in pain around 4.00 and a value of p = 0,000 (p. 0.05). The conclusion is there are differences in the pain of primary dysmenorrhea before and after be given carrot juice.

The object of this research is to determine the effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques on the intensity of maternal pain during the first latent phase in Anatapura Midwifery Clinic. The research method used pre-experimental pretest-posttest design. The research sample was a part of maternity mothers who were selected based on the criteria determined by researchers at Anatapura Midwifery Clinic. The number of samples were 15 respondents. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis with the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that, from total 15 respondents, before the deep breath relaxation technique, there were 11 people (73.3%) who had average pain and 4 people (26.7%) who had high pain and after deep breathing relaxation techniques, there were 12 people (80%) who had low pain and 3 people (20%) who had average pain. The Wilcoxon test results showed p value 0,000 (P

Hypertension is an increase in persistent blood pressure which can be at risk for cardiovascular diseases. An uncontrolled increase in blood pressure can cause damage to the, heart and blood vessels. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of deep breathing therapy on blood pressure in hypertension patients in the work area of Wara Health Centre. The research design used Quasi Experiment, one group pre-test and post-test design, to 22 respondents selected by accidental sampling. Respondent's blood pressure was measured (pre-test), then breathing therapy was carried out for 15 minutes, then the respondent's blood pressure was measured (post-test). This intervention was carried out for three consecutive days for each respondent. The results indicated the average value of systolic blood pressure before deep breathing therapy get the probability value of 0.000 showing 0.000

A Human Amygdala Site That Inhibits Respiration and Elicits Apnea in Pediatric Epilepsy Rhone AE, Kovach CK, Harmata GIS, et al. JCI Insight. 2020;5(6):e134852. doi:10.1172/jci.insight.134852Backgr...

We describe a patient with polytrauma that included anterior chest flail caused by a fall while climbing. As the situation was similar to a pectus excavatum, we attempted to stabilize the depressed chest wall by using a vacuum bell. Deep breath, peak flow, and pectus index were increased when the patient used the vacuum bell. Conservative treatment with a vacuum bell during the day and continuous positive airway pressure during the night was undertaken for 6 weeks. This report documents stabilization of an anterior flail chest using a vacuum bell.

Odour prospectors travelling the world are working with chemists to answer a deceptively simple question: what makes a good smell? Bob Holmes takes a deep breath

Asthma is a disorder of chronic inflammation of the airways which causes shortness of breath so that in clinical conditions there will be a decrease in oxygen saturation. One intervention that can be done in asthma patients to maximize pulmonary ventilation is diaphragmatic breathing exercises. This study aimed to determine the effect of deep breath and position on the oxygen saturation (SpO2) and respiratory rate (RR)in asthma patients. This study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest with control group. In this study the sample was taken using consequtives sampling with 15 people in one group and the entire study sample was 30 people. Measuring the SpO2 value of patients using Oxymetri and the frequency of breathing using a stopwatch for one minute. Intervention of deep breathing techniques and positioning and after observation for 30 minutes. The analysis used the Mann Whitney test. The results of the study showed the influence of deep breathing intervention and position on the SpO2 value of asthma patients (P Value = 0.001) and there was influence of deep breathing intervention and position on the RR value of asthma patients (P Value = 0.001). Asthma can be realized by proper management of asthma. Appropriate management includes making lung function close to normal, preventing recurrence of the disease to prevent death.

Objective Our objective was to determine whether 15 min yogic breathing exercises practiced 5 times a week can lower blood pressure in uncontrolled hypertensive patients. Design Take a deep Breath study was a 3-arm randomized controlled blood pressure trial, 2016–2017 with in-class instruction, home DVD/YouTube instruction, and a control arm. Blood pressure measurements with a 1-month follow-up. Methods A list of uncontrolled hypertensive patients (n = 5507) generated from Family Medicine Department’s Electronic Medical Record registry was given to their respective providers to recommend. After chart review of the 1682 recommended patients, the number reduced to 984 of which 610 were contacted and 22% of 610 (n = 133) were enrolled. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to in-class instruction (n = 44), DVD/YouTube group (n = 57), or control (n = 32). The outcome measured was at least 5 mm Hg systolic blood pressure reduction. Results Participants were predominately white (89%), approximately half male (52%) with a mean age of 61 years (sd = 12 years). Of the 133 participants who were allocated to a study arm, 30 never participated in any aspect of the study, 20 partially completed and 83 completed the study. Compared to those who completed the study, no differences were noted in demographics or initial blood pressure for those who partially completed. From chart review 6% of participants made a change to their blood pressure medications during the study. Intervention participants were significantly more likely to have ≥5 mm Hg decrease in systolic blood pressure (OR = 4.49, 95% CI: 1.18–17.0) compared to controls in the multivariable logistics model. DVD/YouTube instruction did just as well as in-class instruction group. Conclusions In this RCT, statistically significant systolic blood pressure reduction was noted in the intervention groups. Yogic breathing exercises may provide an additional non- pharmacologic tool to treat uncontrolled blood pressure.

Distributivity in natural language occurs in sentences such as John and Mary (each) took a deep breath, when a predicate that is combined with a plurality-denoting expression is understood as holding of each of the members of that plurality. Language provides ways to express distributivity overtly, with words such as English each, but also covertly, when no one word can be regarded as contributing it. Both overt and covert distributivity occur in a wide variety of constructions. This article reviews and synthesizes influential approaches to distributivity in formal semantics and includes pointers to some more recent approaches. Theories of distributivity can be distinguished on the basis of how they answer a number of interrelated questions: To what extent can distributivity be attributed to what we know about the world, as opposed to the meanings of words or silent operators? What is the relationship between distributivity and plurality? Does distributivity always reach down to the singular individuals in a plurality? If not, under what circumstances is distributivity over subgroups possible, and what is its relation to distributivity over individuals?