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51. A substantial step forward in the realization of the ITER HNB system: The ITER NBI Test Facility

Author

Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly Maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maeshima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, REBAI, MARICA, MURARO, ANDREA, Sandri, S., Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly Maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maeshima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, REBAI, MARICA, MURARO, ANDREA, and Sandri, S.

Abstract

Substantial progresses have been achieved in the realization of the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) hosted in Padova, Italy; the buildings, completed by the end of 2015, are being progressively filled with new systems and components. The realization of SPIDER, the ITER full-size negative ion source, is well advanced and important progress is also recorded for MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER HNB injector. The paper gives an overview of the achieved results, highlighting the main challenges faced.

Published
2017

52. Negative ion Sources: concept development, testing and optimization. Report on the activities on the NIO1 experiment

Author

Serianni G., Agostini M., Antoni V., Baltador C., Barbato P., Barbisan M., Barzon A., Baseggio L., M. Bigi, M. Brombin, Buonincontri L., Cavenago M., Cervaro V., De Muri M., Degli Agostini F., Fasolo D., Fincato M., Franchin L., Ghiraldelli R., Kulevoy T., Laterza B., Lotto L., Maniero M., Migliorato L., Minarello A., Molon F., Moro G., Pasqualotto R., Patton T., Petrenko S., Pimazzoni A., Ravarotto D., Recchia M., Rizzieri R., Romanato L., Rossetto F., Sartori E., Sattin M., Sonato P., Tollin M., Trevisan L., Veltri P., Zanini M., Zaniol B., and Zucchetti S.

Subjects
NIO1, negative ion optimization experiment, ITER, NBI, neutral beam injector
Abstract

The present report, summarizes the work carried out in 2016 on the NIO1 experiment at Consorzio RFX in Padova, Italy. Experimental campaigns will be presented together with the modelling activities and the activities carried out on various plants.

Published
2016

53. Technical Specification for the SPIDER Cs ovens

Author

Rizzolo A., De Muri M., Brombin M., Laterza B., and Tiso A.

Subjects
Neutral Beam Test Facility, NBTF, SPIDER, Cs OVEN R&D
Abstract

This technical specification concerns the supply of the Caesium (Cs) oven for the SPIDER experiment that will be hosted in PRIMA facility. The main aim of the SPIDER experiment is to test and optimise the Beam Source that is the core component of the ITER Neutral Beam Injectors. The production of hydrogen (or deuterium) negative ions inside the sources relies mainly on the generation on a caesiated surface with a low work function, which enhances the ion yield and reduces the co - extracted electrons. In the SPIDER beam source fresh Cs has to be injected in a controlled way by means of three Cs ovens. Since the Cs ovens are embedded in the source, their design has to assure vacuum and high temperature compatibility. The present document gives a complementary description of the SPIDER Cs ovens design for their procurement. The document takes care in particular all the precautions to guarantee a good functioning in vacuum environment (e.g.: materials, cleaning, outgassing...). Information for the Cs oven procurement, delivery and acceptance tests are also given. The Supply shall be done in two batches: a Cs oven prototype (Batch A) and 3 Cs ovens (Batch B, series production), after testing of the prototype in vacuum by Consorzio RFX. Based on this Technical Specification, the Supplier shall manufacture, as semble and test the Cs ovens at the factory and then shall deliver them at the PRIMA Site, together with the as built drawings.

Published
2016

54. Control, Interlock, Acquisition and Data Retrieval Systems for the Negative Ion Source NIO1

Author

Serianni G., Baltador C., Barbato P., Baseggio L., Cavazzana R., Cavenago M., De Muri M., Laterza B., Migliorato L., Molon F., Moro G., Ravarotto D., Pasqualotto R., Recchia M., Taliercio C., and Veltri P.

Subjects
NIO1, Negative Ion Source, Control Interlock Acquisition and Data Retrieval Systems
Abstract

The NIO1 (Negative Ion Optimization, phase 1) experiment is a versatile test bench operated by Consorzio RFX and INFN in the framework of the activities aimed at the enhancement of negative ion sources for production of large ion beams for plasma heating in nuclear fusion devices and accelerator applications. The nominal beam current of 135mA at -60kV is divided into 9 beamlets, with multi-aperture extraction electrodes. The plasma is continuously sustained by a 2MHz radiofrequency power supply, with a standard matching box. A High Voltage Deck (HVD) is placed inside the lead shielding surrounding NIO1 and is fed by an insulation transformer installed in a nearby box. It contains the radiofrequency generator, the gas control, electronics and power supplies for the ion source. A closed-circuit water cooling system was installed for the whole system, with a branch towards the HVD. The present contribution describes the control, interlock, acquisition and data retrieval systems for NIO1. Control and data acquisition system implementation require versatility and flexibility for an experiment such as NIO1; for example, new hardware components (e.g. Raspberry PI board, Arduino board, homemade hardware acquisition board) and different types of serial communication (RS232, GPIB, Ethernet) should be rapidly integrated in the communication network (Ethernet switches and electro-optical media-converters), while optical fibre uplinks are implemented to interconnect devices operating in the HVD. The software solution was to adopt Labview as the core of the control and of the acquisition systems (with the development of a synoptic panel) and MDSplus (including the most recent features, like support for long pulse discharge and MDSplus-Labview integration) for data archiving, distribution and visualization. A description is also given of the interlocks that are presently implemented to protect NIO1 against failures of the cooling system and to detect high voltage breakdown occurrences and over-temperatures. A Relational Data Base (based on PostgreSQL) is used to store time-averaged (summary) data for subsequent efficient data analysis in any programming language via standard connectors.

Published
2016

55. Overview of the RFX-mod fusion science programme

Author

Martin, P, Puiatti, M, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Alonso, J, Antoni, V, Apolloni, L, Auriemma, F, Avino, F, Barbalace, A, Barbisan, M, Barbui, T, Barison, S, Barp, M, Baruzzo, M, Bettini, P, Bigi, M, Bilel, R, Boldrin, M, Bolzonella, T, Bonfiglio, D, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Buffa, A, Bustreo, C, Canton, A, Cappello, S, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Chacon, L, Chapman, B, Chitarin, G, Ciaccio, G, Cooper, W, Dal Bello, S, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, De Lorenzi, A, Delzanno, G, De Masi, G, De Muri, M, Dong, J, Escande, D, Fantini, F, Fasoli, A, Fassina, A, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiameni, S, Finn, J, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Fonnesu, N, Framarin, J, Franz, P, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Palumbo, M, Gaio, E, Gazza, E, Ghezzi, F, Giudicotti, L, Gnesotto, F, Gobbin, M, Gonzales, W, Grando, L, Guo, S, Hanson, J, Hidalgo, C, Hirano, Y, Hirshman, S, Ide, S, In, Y, Innocente, P, Jackson, G, Kiyama, S, Liu, S, Liu, Y, Lopez Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Luce, T, Luchetta, A, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Mansfield, D, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Marrelli, L, Martini, S, Matsunaga, G, Martines, E, Mazzitelli, G, Mccollam, K, Momo, B, Moresco, M, Munaretto, S, Novello, L, Okabayashi, M, Olofsson, E, Paccagnella, R, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pesce, A, Pilan, N, Piovan, R, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Piron, L, Pomaro, N, Predebon, I, Recchia, M, Rigato, V, Rizzolo, A, Roquemore, A, Rostagni, G, Ruzzon, A, Sakakita, H, Sanchez, R, Sarff, J, Sartori, E, Sattin, F, Scaggion, A, Scarin, P, Schneider, W, Serianni, G, Sonato, P, Spada, E, Soppelsa, A, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Spong, D, Spizzo, G, Takechi, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Theiler, C, Toigo, V, Trevisan, G, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Veltri, P, Veranda, M, Vianello, N, Villone, F, Wang, Z, White, R, Xu, X, Zaccaria, P, Zamengo, A, Zanca, P, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zilli, E, Zollino, G, Zuin, M, Martin P, Puiatti M E, Agostinetti P, Agostini M, Alonso J A, Antoni V, Apolloni L, Auriemma F, Avino F, Barbalace A, Barbisan M, Barbui T, Barison S, Barp M, Baruzzo M, Bettini P, Bigi M, Bilel R, Boldrin M, Bolzonella T, Bonfiglio D, Bonomo F, Brombin M, Buffa A, Bustreo C, Canton A, Cappello S, Carralero D, Carraro L, Cavazzana R, Chacon L, Chapman B, Chitarin G, Ciaccio G, Cooper W A, Dal Bello S, Dalla Palma M, Delogu R, De Lorenzi A, Delzanno G L, De Masi G, De Muri M, Dong J Q, Escande D F, Fantini F, Fasoli A, Fassina A, Fellin F, Ferro A, Fiameni S, Finn J M, Finotti C, Fiorentin A, Fonnesu N, Framarin J, Franz P, Frassinetti L, Furno I, Palumbo M Furno, Gaio E, Gazza E, Ghezzi F, Giudicotti L, Gnesotto F, Gobbin M, Gonzales W A, Grando L, Guo S C, Hanson J D, Hidalgo C, Hirano Y, Hirshman S P, Ide S, In Y, Innocente P, Jackson G L, Kiyama S, Liu S F, Liu Y Q, Lopez Bruna D, Lorenzini R, Luce T C, Luchetta A, Maistrello A, Manduchi G, Mansfield D K, Marchiori G, Marconato N, Marcuzzi D, Marrelli L, Martini S, Matsunaga G, Martines E, Mazzitelli G, McCollam K, Momo B, Moresco M, Munaretto S, Novello L, Okabayashi M, Olofsson E, Paccagnella R, Pasqualotto R, Pavei M, Peruzzo S, Pesce A, Pilan N, Piovan R, Piovesan P, Piron C, Piron L, Pomaro N, Predebon I, Recchia M, Rigato V, Rizzolo A, Roquemore A L, Rostagni G, Ruzzon A, Sakakita H, Sanchez R, Sarff J S, Sartori E, Sattin F, Scaggion A, Scarin P, Schneider W, Serianni G, Sonato P, Spada E, Soppelsa A, Spagnolo S, Spolaore M, Spong D A, Spizzo G, Takechi M, Taliercio C, Terranova D, Theiler C, Toigo V, Trevisan G L, Valente M, Valisa M, Veltri P, Veranda M, Vianello N, Villone F, Wang Z R, White R B, Xu X Y, Zaccaria P, Zamengo A, Zanca P, Zaniol B, Zanotto L, Zilli E, Zollino G, Zuin M, Martin, P, Puiatti, M, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Alonso, J, Antoni, V, Apolloni, L, Auriemma, F, Avino, F, Barbalace, A, Barbisan, M, Barbui, T, Barison, S, Barp, M, Baruzzo, M, Bettini, P, Bigi, M, Bilel, R, Boldrin, M, Bolzonella, T, Bonfiglio, D, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Buffa, A, Bustreo, C, Canton, A, Cappello, S, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Chacon, L, Chapman, B, Chitarin, G, Ciaccio, G, Cooper, W, Dal Bello, S, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, De Lorenzi, A, Delzanno, G, De Masi, G, De Muri, M, Dong, J, Escande, D, Fantini, F, Fasoli, A, Fassina, A, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiameni, S, Finn, J, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Fonnesu, N, Framarin, J, Franz, P, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Palumbo, M, Gaio, E, Gazza, E, Ghezzi, F, Giudicotti, L, Gnesotto, F, Gobbin, M, Gonzales, W, Grando, L, Guo, S, Hanson, J, Hidalgo, C, Hirano, Y, Hirshman, S, Ide, S, In, Y, Innocente, P, Jackson, G, Kiyama, S, Liu, S, Liu, Y, Lopez Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Luce, T, Luchetta, A, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Mansfield, D, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Marrelli, L, Martini, S, Matsunaga, G, Martines, E, Mazzitelli, G, Mccollam, K, Momo, B, Moresco, M, Munaretto, S, Novello, L, Okabayashi, M, Olofsson, E, Paccagnella, R, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pesce, A, Pilan, N, Piovan, R, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Piron, L, Pomaro, N, Predebon, I, Recchia, M, Rigato, V, Rizzolo, A, Roquemore, A, Rostagni, G, Ruzzon, A, Sakakita, H, Sanchez, R, Sarff, J, Sartori, E, Sattin, F, Scaggion, A, Scarin, P, Schneider, W, Serianni, G, Sonato, P, Spada, E, Soppelsa, A, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Spong, D, Spizzo, G, Takechi, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Theiler, C, Toigo, V, Trevisan, G, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Veltri, P, Veranda, M, Vianello, N, Villone, F, Wang, Z, White, R, Xu, X, Zaccaria, P, Zamengo, A, Zanca, P, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zilli, E, Zollino, G, Zuin, M, Martin P, Puiatti M E, Agostinetti P, Agostini M, Alonso J A, Antoni V, Apolloni L, Auriemma F, Avino F, Barbalace A, Barbisan M, Barbui T, Barison S, Barp M, Baruzzo M, Bettini P, Bigi M, Bilel R, Boldrin M, Bolzonella T, Bonfiglio D, Bonomo F, Brombin M, Buffa A, Bustreo C, Canton A, Cappello S, Carralero D, Carraro L, Cavazzana R, Chacon L, Chapman B, Chitarin G, Ciaccio G, Cooper W A, Dal Bello S, Dalla Palma M, Delogu R, De Lorenzi A, Delzanno G L, De Masi G, De Muri M, Dong J Q, Escande D F, Fantini F, Fasoli A, Fassina A, Fellin F, Ferro A, Fiameni S, Finn J M, Finotti C, Fiorentin A, Fonnesu N, Framarin J, Franz P, Frassinetti L, Furno I, Palumbo M Furno, Gaio E, Gazza E, Ghezzi F, Giudicotti L, Gnesotto F, Gobbin M, Gonzales W A, Grando L, Guo S C, Hanson J D, Hidalgo C, Hirano Y, Hirshman S P, Ide S, In Y, Innocente P, Jackson G L, Kiyama S, Liu S F, Liu Y Q, Lopez Bruna D, Lorenzini R, Luce T C, Luchetta A, Maistrello A, Manduchi G, Mansfield D K, Marchiori G, Marconato N, Marcuzzi D, Marrelli L, Martini S, Matsunaga G, Martines E, Mazzitelli G, McCollam K, Momo B, Moresco M, Munaretto S, Novello L, Okabayashi M, Olofsson E, Paccagnella R, Pasqualotto R, Pavei M, Peruzzo S, Pesce A, Pilan N, Piovan R, Piovesan P, Piron C, Piron L, Pomaro N, Predebon I, Recchia M, Rigato V, Rizzolo A, Roquemore A L, Rostagni G, Ruzzon A, Sakakita H, Sanchez R, Sarff J S, Sartori E, Sattin F, Scaggion A, Scarin P, Schneider W, Serianni G, Sonato P, Spada E, Soppelsa A, Spagnolo S, Spolaore M, Spong D A, Spizzo G, Takechi M, Taliercio C, Terranova D, Theiler C, Toigo V, Trevisan G L, Valente M, Valisa M, Veltri P, Veranda M, Vianello N, Villone F, Wang Z R, White R B, Xu X Y, Zaccaria P, Zamengo A, Zanca P, Zaniol B, Zanotto L, Zilli E, Zollino G, and Zuin M

Abstract

This paper reports the highlights of the RFX-mod fusion science programme since the last 2010 IAEA Fusion Energy Conference. The RFX-mod fusion science programme focused on two main goals: exploring the fusion potential of the reversed field pinch (RFP) magnetic configuration and contributing to the solution of key science and technology problems in the roadmap to ITER. Active control of several plasma parameters has been a key tool in this endeavour. New upgrades on the system for active control of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability are underway and will be presented in this paper. Unique among the existing fusion devices, RFX-mod has been operated both as an RFP and as a tokamak. The latter operation has allowed the exploration of edge safety factor q(edge) < 2 with active control of MHD stability and studies concerning basic energy and flow transport mechanisms. Strong interaction has continued with the stellarator community in particular on the physics of helical states and on three-dimensional codes.

Published
2013

56. The PRIMA Test Facility: SPIDER and MITICA test-beds for ITER neutral beam injectors

Author

Toigo, V, primary, Piovan, R, additional, Bello, S Dal, additional, Gaio, E, additional, Luchetta, A, additional, Pasqualotto, R, additional, Zaccaria, P, additional, Bigi, M, additional, Chitarin, G, additional, Marcuzzi, D, additional, Pomaro, N, additional, Serianni, G, additional, Agostinetti, P, additional, Agostini, M, additional, Antoni, V, additional, Aprile, D, additional, Baltador, C, additional, Barbisan, M, additional, Battistella, M, additional, Boldrin, M, additional, Brombin, M, additional, Palma, M Dalla, additional, De Lorenzi, A, additional, Delogu, R, additional, De Muri, M, additional, Fellin, F, additional, Ferro, A, additional, Fiorentin, A, additional, Gambetta, G, additional, Gnesotto, F, additional, Grando, L, additional, Jain, P, additional, Maistrello, A, additional, Manduchi, G, additional, Marconato, N, additional, Moresco, M, additional, Ocello, E, additional, Pavei, M, additional, Peruzzo, S, additional, Pilan, N, additional, Pimazzoni, A, additional, Recchia, M, additional, Rizzolo, A, additional, Rostagni, G, additional, Sartori, E, additional, Siragusa, M, additional, Sonato, P, additional, Sottocornola, A, additional, Spada, E, additional, Spagnolo, S, additional, Spolaore, M, additional, Taliercio, C, additional, Valente, M, additional, Veltri, P, additional, Zamengo, A, additional, Zaniol, B, additional, Zanotto, L, additional, Zaupa, M, additional, Boilson, D, additional, Graceffa, J, additional, Svensson, L, additional, Schunke, B, additional, Decamps, H, additional, Urbani, M, additional, Kushwah, M, additional, Chareyre, J, additional, Singh, M, additional, Bonicelli, T, additional, Agarici, G, additional, Garbuglia, A, additional, Masiello, A, additional, Paolucci, F, additional, Simon, M, additional, Bailly-Maitre, L, additional, Bragulat, E, additional, Gomez, G, additional, Gutierrez, D, additional, Mico, G, additional, Moreno, J-F, additional, Pilard, V, additional, Kashiwagi, M, additional, Hanada, M, additional, Tobari, H, additional, Watanabe, K, additional, Maejima, T, additional, Kojima, A, additional, Umeda, N, additional, Yamanaka, H, additional, Chakraborty, A, additional, Baruah, U, additional, Rotti, C, additional, Patel, H, additional, Nagaraju, M V, additional, Singh, N P, additional, Patel, A, additional, Dhola, H, additional, Raval, B, additional, Fantz, U, additional, Heinemann, B, additional, Kraus, W, additional, Hanke, S, additional, Hauer, V, additional, Ochoa, S, additional, Blatchford, P, additional, Chuilon, B, additional, Xue, Y, additional, De Esch, H P L, additional, Hemsworth, R, additional, Croci, G, additional, Gorini, G, additional, Rebai, M, additional, Muraro, A, additional, Tardocchi, M, additional, Cavenago, M, additional, D’Arienzo, M, additional, Sandri, S, additional, and Tonti, A, additional

Published
2017
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57. The ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility towards SPIDER operation

Author

Toigo, V., primary, Dal Bello, S., additional, Gaio, E., additional, Luchetta, A., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Zaccaria, P., additional, Bigi, M., additional, Chitarin, G., additional, Marcuzzi, D., additional, Pomaro, N., additional, Serianni, G., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Antoni, V., additional, Aprile, D., additional, Baltador, C., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Battistella, M., additional, Boldrin, M., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Dalla Palma, M., additional, De Lorenzi, A., additional, Delogu, R., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Fellin, F., additional, Ferro, A., additional, Gambetta, G., additional, Grando, L., additional, Jain, P., additional, Maistrello, A., additional, Manduchi, G., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Pavei, M., additional, Peruzzo, S., additional, Pilan, N., additional, Pimazzoni, A., additional, Piovan, R., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Sartori, E., additional, Siragusa, M., additional, Spada, E., additional, Spagnolo, S., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Taliercio, C., additional, Valente, M., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Zamengo, A., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Zanotto, L., additional, Zaupa, M., additional, Boilson, D., additional, Graceffa, J., additional, Svensson, L., additional, Schunke, B., additional, Decamps, H., additional, Urbani, M., additional, Kushwah, M., additional, Chareyre, J., additional, Singh, M., additional, Bonicelli, T., additional, Agarici, G., additional, Garbuglia, A., additional, Masiello, A., additional, Paolucci, F., additional, Simon, M., additional, Bailly-Maitre, L., additional, Bragulat, E., additional, Gomez, G., additional, Gutierrez, D., additional, Mico, G., additional, Moreno, J.-F., additional, Pilard, V., additional, Chakraborty, A., additional, Baruah, U., additional, Rotti, C., additional, Patel, H., additional, Nagaraju, M.V., additional, Singh, N.P., additional, Patel, A., additional, Dhola, H., additional, Raval, B., additional, Fantz, U., additional, Fröschle, M., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Kraus, W., additional, Nocentini, R., additional, Riedl, R., additional, Schiesko, L., additional, Wimmer, C., additional, Wünderlich, D., additional, Cavenago, M., additional, Croci, G., additional, Gorini, G., additional, Rebai, M., additional, Muraro, A., additional, Tardocchi, M., additional, and Hemsworth, R., additional

Published
2017
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58. Improvements of the versatile multiaperture negative ion source NIO1

Author

Cavenago, M., primary, Serianni, G., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Antoni, V., additional, Baltador, C., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Galatá, A., additional, Ippolito, N., additional, Kulevoy, T., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Petrenko, S., additional, Pimazzoni, A., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Sartori, E., additional, Taccogna, F., additional, Variale, V., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Barbato, P., additional, Baseggio, L., additional, Cervaro, V., additional, Fasolo, D., additional, Franchin, L., additional, Ghiraldelli, R., additional, Laterza, B., additional, Maniero, M., additional, Martini, D., additional, Migliorato, L., additional, Minarello, A., additional, Molon, F., additional, Moro, G., additional, Patton, T., additional, Ravarotto, D., additional, Rizzieri, R., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Sattin, M., additional, Stivanello, F., additional, and Zucchetti, S., additional

Published
2017
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59. Acquisition, data retrieval, interlock and control systems for the negative ion source NIO1

Author

Serianni, G., primary, Baltador, C., additional, Barbato, P., additional, Baseggio, L., additional, Cavazzana, R., additional, Cavenago, M., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Laterza, B., additional, Migliorato, L., additional, Molon, F., additional, Moro, G., additional, Ravarotto, D., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Patton, T., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Taliercio, C., additional, and Veltri, P., additional

Published
2017
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60. First realisation and characterization of caesiated samples

Author

Cavenago M., Antoni V., De Muri M., Galata A., Kulevoy T., Minarello A., Martinis D., Petrenko S., Rizzolo A., Sattin M., Serianni G., and Veltri P.

Subjects
MITICA, Neutral Beam Test Facility, NBTF, Beam Physics Simulations, Caesium chemistry, SPIDER
Abstract

Cesium deposition on molybdenum samples (foils with a 15 mm side square useful area) for monolayer or multilayer analysis requires manipulation of samples in a controlled atmosphere and an evaporator installation which can protect oven and sample from air venting, during sample transfer. The prototype of the NIO1 oven (developed at INFN - LNL) is particularly suitable for this task since is has a closing valve, capable of withstanding over 500 K (either open or closed, with regulation performed with oven turned off). Additional equipment for a miniaturized deposition chamber (just requiring a cold DN16KF pumping port) is described. Anyway making films of few layers requires careful scheduling of oven thermal cycle. For that purpose, a more elaborate deposition chamber, with shutter and film deposition monitor (based on piezoelectric resonating crystals, as usual in accurate measurement ) is planned. In perspective the potential operational advantages of evaporators filled with solid pellets (porous mixtures of cesium chromate and getter Zr alloys) should be noted, both as general purpose accessory of ion sources and for the specific task of sample preparation; in return, Mo sample preparation may offer a validation and comparisons of traditional and pellet - based Cs evaporators.

Published
2015

61. FMEA for NIO1

Author

De Muri M. and Recchia M.

Subjects
NIO1, Negative ion source, NIO1 beam source, FMEA, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
Abstract

This document reports on failure modes and effects analysis document (FMEA) developed for NIO1 experiment.

Published
2015

62. Investigation into the capabilities of a graphite option for STRIKE tiles

Author

Serianni G., Peruzzo S., Cervaro V., Dalla Palma M., Delogu R., De Muri M., Fasolo D., Franchin L., Pasqualotto R., Pimazzoni A., Rizzolo A., Tollin M., and Zampieri L.

Subjects
STRIKE, Neutral Beam Test Facility, NBTF
Abstract

The present report presents the work performed in 2015 concerning the capabilities of graphite tiles for the tiles of the STRIKE calorimeter. It is shown that with suitable machining even an isotropic material can be adopted as an alternative to carbon - fibre - carbon composite tiles. Thermo - mechanical investigations and diagnostic capabilities were studied. The work is summarised by a Bachelor thesis in Physics and by a paper presented at the ICIS 2015, which are annexed.

Published
2015

63. Final Report on Deliverable Negative ion Sources: concept development, testing and optimization Report on the activities on the NIO1 experiment

Author

Serianni G., Antoni V., Baltador C., Barbato P., Barbisan M., Baseggio L. Bigi M., Brombin M., Cavenago M., De Muri M., Degli Agostini F., Fasolo D., Franchin L., Kulevoy T., Ghiraldelli R., Laterza B., Maniero M., Migliorato L., Minarello A., Molon F., Pasqualotto R., Patton T., Petrenko S., Pimazzoni A., Ravarotto D., Recchia M., Rizzieri R., Rossetto F., Sartori E., Sattin M., Tollin M., Trevisan L., Veltri P., Zaniol B., and Zucchetti S.

Subjects
NIO1, Negative ion source, NIO1 experiment
Abstract

The present report, summarizes the work carried out in 2015 on the NIO1 experiment at Consorzio RFX in Padova, Italy. Experimental campaigns will be presented together with the modelling activities and the activities carried out on various plants.

Published
2015

64. NIO1 diagnostics

Author

Zaniol B., Barbisan M., Cavenago M., De Muri M., Mimo A., Pasqualotto R., and Serianni G.

Subjects
Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The radio frequency ion source NIO1, jointly developed by Consorzio RFX and INFN-LNL, will generate a 60kV-135mA hydrogen negative ion beam, composed of 9 beamlets over an area of about 40 x 40 mm(2). This experiment will operate in continuous mode and in conditions similar to those foreseen for the larger ion sources of the Neutral Beam Injectors for ITER. The modular design of NIO1 is convenient to address the several still open important issues related to beam extraction, optics, and performance optimization. To this purpose a set of diagnostics is being implemented. Electric and water cooling plant related measurements will allow monitoring current, pressure, flow, and temperature. The plasma in the source will be characterized by emission spectroscopy, cavity ring-down and laser absorption spectroscopy. The accelerated beam will be analyzed with a fast emittance scanner, its intensity profile and divergence with beam emission spectroscopy and visible tomography. The power distribution of the beam on the calorimeter will be monitored by thermocouples and by an infrared camera. This contribution presents the implementation and initial operation of some of these diagnostics in the commissioning phase of the experiment, in particular the cooling water calorimetry and emission spectroscopy.

Published
2015
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65. Technical specifications for procurement of STRIKE prototype tiles

Author

Serianni G., Dalla Palma M., De Muri M., and Rizzolo A.

Abstract

In the framework of the preparation activities for the thermonuclear fusion experiment ITER, supported by the European Agency Fusion for Energy, at Consorzio RFX (Italy) a negative ion beam test facility is under construction, called SPIDER. The present document contains the technical specifi cations of the prototype CFC tiles for STRIKE, the diagnostic calorimeter for SPIDER.

Published
2015

66. NIO1 diagnostics

Author

Pasqualotto R., Cavenago M., Serianni G., De Muri M., Barbisan M., Mimo A., and Zaniol B.

Subjects
Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The radio frequency ion source NIO1, jointly developed by Consorzio RFX and INFN - LNL, will generate a 60kV - 135mA hydrogen negative ion beam, composed of 9 beamlets over an area of about 40 x 40 mm 2 . This experiment will operate in continuous mode and in conditions similar to those foreseen for the larger ion sources of the Neutral Beam Injectors for ITER. The modular design of NIO1 is convenient to address the several still open important issues related to beam extraction, optics, and performance optimization. To this purpose a set of diagnostics is being implemented. Electric and water cooling plant related measurements will allow monitoring current, pressure, flow, and temperature. The plasma in the source will be characterized by emission spectroscopy, cavity ring - down and laser absorption spectroscopy. The accelerated beam will be analyzed with a fast emittance scanner, its intensity profile and divergence with beam emission spectroscopy and visible tomography. The power distribution of the beam on the calorimeter will be m onitored by thermocouples and by an infrared camera. This contribution presents the implementation and initial operation of some of these diagnostics in the commissioning phase of the experiment, in particular the cooling water calorimetry and emission spe ctroscopy.

Published
2014

67. Negative Ion Beam Characterisation in BATMAN by mini - STRIKE: Improved Design and New Measurements

Author

Serianni G., Bonomo F., Brombin M., Cervaro V., Chitarin G., Crostofaro S., Delogu R., De Muri M., Fasolo D., Fonnesu N, Franchin L., Franzen P., Ghiraldelli R., Molon F., Muraro A., Pasqualotto R., Ruf B., Schiesko L., and Veltri P.

Abstract

The ITER project requires additional heating provided by two injectors of neutral beams resulting from the neutralisation of accelerated negative ions. To study and optimise negative ion production, t he SPIDER test facility (particle energy 100keV; beam current 50A) is under construction in Padova, with the aim of testing beam characteristics and to verify the source proper operation. The SPIDER beam will be characterised by the instrumented calorimete r STRIKE, whose main components are one - directional carbon fibre carbon composite tiles. Some prototype tiles have been employed in 2012 as a small - scale version (mini - STRIKE) of the entire system to investigate the features of the beam of the device BATMAN at IPP - Garching. As the BATMAN beamlets are superposed at the measurement position, about 1m from the grounded grid, an actively cooled copper mask is located in front of the tiles; holes in the mask create an artificial beamlet structure. Recently the mini - STRIKE has been updated, taking into account the results obtained in the first campaign. In particular the spatial resolution of the system has been improved by increasing the number of the copper mask holes. Moreover a custom measurement system h as been realized for the thermocouple signals and employed in BATMAN in view of its use in SPIDER. The present contribution gives a description of the new design of the system as well as of the thermocouple measurements system and its field test. A new ser ies of measurements has been carried out in BATMAN. The results of the BATMAN beam characterisation in different experimental conditions are presented, including a campaign with varying vessel pressure to investigate the effect of space charge compensation.

Published
2014

68. Development of Versatile Multiaperture Negative Ion Sources

Author

Cavenago M., Serianni G., De Muri M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Pasqualotto R., Kulevoy T., Petrenko S., Recchia M., Sattin M., and Veltri P.

Abstract

Enhancement of negative ion sources for production of large ion beams is a very active research field nowadays, driven from demand of plasma heating in nuclear fusion devices and beam compression applications. As a versatile test bench, the ion source NIO1 (Negative Ion Optimization 1) is being commissioned by Consorzio RFX and INFN. The nominal beam current of 130 mA at - 60 kV is divided into 9 beamlets, with multiaperture extraction electrodes. The plasma is sustained by a 2 MHz radiofrequency power suppl y, with a standard matching box. A High Voltage Deck (HVD) placed inside the lead shielding surrounding NIO1 contains the radiofrequency generator and the plasma grid and bias plate current power supplies. An autonomous closed circuit water cooling system was installed for the whole system, with a branch towards the HVD, using carefully optimized helical tubing. Insulation transformer is installed in a nearby box. Tests of several magnetic configurations will be performed. Status of experiment and related t heoretical issues will be described in the present paper.

Published
2014

69. Negative ion Sources: concept development, testing and optimization Report on activities related to experimentation and commissioning of NIO1

Author

Serianni G., Antoni V., Baltador C., Barbato P., Barbisan M., Baseggio L., Bigi M., Brombin M., Cavenago M., Cazzador M., Cervaro V., De Muri M., Degli Agostini F., Fasolo D., Franchin L., Kulevoy T., Ghiraldelli R., Laterza B., Maniero M., Migliorato L., Mimo A., Minarello B., Molon F., Pasqualotto R., Petrenko S., Ravarotto D., Recchia M., Romanato L., Rossetto F., Sartori E., Sattin M., Tollin M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., and Zucchetti S.

Subjects
NIO1, negative ion optimization experiment, high voltage, acceleration grid power supply, NBI, neutral beam injector, extraction grid power supply, post-acceleration grid, radio frequency, extraction grid, plasma grid, NIO1 experiment, acceleration grid
Abstract

The present report, summarizes the work carried out in 2014 on the NIO1 experiment at Consorzio RFX in Padova, Italy. Experimental campaigns will be presented together with the modelling activities and the commissioning of various plants.

Published
2014

71. Installation and Commissioning of the Negative Ion Optimization Experiment

Author

De Muri M., Cavenago M., Serianni G., Veltri P., Bigi M., Pasqualotto R., Barbisan M., Recchia M., Zaniol B., Kulevoy T., Petrenko S., Baseggio L., Cervaro V., Degli Agostini F., Franchin L., Laterza B., Minarello A., Rossetto F., Sattin M., and Zucchetti S.

Abstract

Negative ion sources are key components of the neutral beam injectors for thermonuclear fusion experiments. The NIO1 experiment is a radio frequency ion source generating a 60kV - 135mA hydr ogen negative ion beam. The beam is composed by 9 beamlets over an area of about 40 x 40 mm2. This experiment is jointly developed by Consorzio RFX and INFN - LNL, with the purpose of providing a test ion source, capable of working in continuous mode and in conditions similar the ones foreseen for the larger ion sources of the Neutral Beam Injectors for ITER. At present research and development activities address several important issues related to beam extraction, optics, and optimization; the modular design of the NIO1 experiment allows for quick replacement and upgrading of parts. This contribution presents the installation phases and the status of the experiment, the commissioning of the plant units, such as cooling system and power supplies, and of some d iagnostic devices, like the beam dump and spectroscopy. Examples of the first commissioning pulses will also be shown.

Published
2014

72. Design, Installation, Commissioning and Operation of a Beamlet Monitor in the negative ion beam test stand at NIFS

Author

Agostinetti P., Antoni V., Brombin M., Cervaro V., Delogu R., De Muri M., Fasolo D., Franchin L., Ghiraldelli R., Ikeda K., Kisaki M., Molon F., Muraro A., Nakano H., Serianni G., Takeiri Y., Tsumori K., and Veltri P.

Abstract

In the framework of the accompanying activity for the development of the two neutral beam injectors for the ITER fusion experiment, an instrumented b eam calorimeter is being designed at Consorzio RFX, to be used in the SPIDER test facility (particle energy 100keV; beam current 50A), with the aim of testing beam characteristics and to verify the source proper operation. The main components of the instru mented calorimeter are one - directional carbon fibre carbon composite tiles. Some prototype tiles have been used as a small - scale version of the entire calorimeter in the test stand of the neutral beam injectors of the LHD experiment, with the aim of characterising the beam features in various operating conditions. The extraction system of the NIFS test stand source was modified, by appliyng a mask to the first gridded electrode, in order to isolate only a subset of the beamlets, arranged in two 3x5 ma trices, resembling the beamlet groups of the ITER beam sources. The present contibution gives a description of the design of the diagnostic system, including the numerical simulations of the expected thermal pattern. Moreover the dedicated thermocouple mea surement system is presented. The beamlet monitor was succesfully used during a full experimental campaign, during which the main parameters of the source, mainly the arc power and the grid voltages, were varied. This contribution describes the methods of fitting and data analysis applyed to the infrared images of the camera to recover the beamlet optics characteristics, in order to quantify the response of the system to different operational conditions. The results concerning the beamlet features are prese nted as a function of the source parameters.

Published
2014

73. NIO1 Diagnostics

Author

Zaniol B., Barbisan M., Cavenago M., De Muri M., Mimo A., Pasqualotto R., and Serianni G.

Published
2014

74. Final design of the beam source for the MITICA injector

Author

Marcuzzi, D., primary, Agostinetti, P., additional, Dalla Palma, M., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Chitarin, G., additional, Gambetta, G., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Pavei, M., additional, Pilan, N., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Serianni, G., additional, Toigo, V., additional, Trevisan, L., additional, Visentin, M., additional, Zaccaria, P., additional, Zaupa, M., additional, Boilson, D., additional, Graceffa, J., additional, Hemsworth, R. S., additional, Choi, C. H., additional, Marti, M., additional, Roux, K., additional, Singh, M. J., additional, Masiello, A., additional, Froeschle, M., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Nocentini, R., additional, Riedl, R., additional, Tobari, H., additional, de Esch, H. P. L., additional, and Muvvala, V. N., additional

Published
2016
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75. Castellated tiles as the beam-facing components for the diagnostic calorimeter of the negative ion source SPIDER

Author

Peruzzo, S., primary, Cervaro, V., additional, Dalla Palma, M., additional, Delogu, R., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Fasolo, D., additional, Franchin, L., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Pimazzoni, A., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Tollin, M., additional, Zampieri, L., additional, and Serianni, G., additional

Published
2016
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76. Overview of diagnostics on ITER neutral beam test facility

Author

Pasqualotto, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fonnesu, N, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Tardocchi, M, Zaniol, B, CROCI, GABRIELE, Delogu, RS, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, MURARO, ANDREA, Tardocchi,M, Zaniol, B., Pasqualotto, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fonnesu, N, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Tardocchi, M, Zaniol, B, CROCI, GABRIELE, Delogu, RS, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, MURARO, ANDREA, Tardocchi,M, and Zaniol, B.

Abstract

ITER operation relies on heating neutral beam injectors (HNB) based on negative ion deuterium beams accelerated at 1 MeV, with up to one hour 17 MW power, uniform intensity and low divergence. A neutral beam test facility is being built at Consorzio RFX to demonstrate the feasibility of a prototype injector with such demanding specifications and to optimize its performances. It comprises SPIDER, a 100 kV negative hydrogen/deuterium RF source, full size prototype of the HNB source, and MITICA, a prototype of the full HNB. The diagnostics for SPIDER and MITICA are essential to qualify and optimize the HNB for ITER and to assess the information on source and beam obtainable with the reduced set of the HNB diagnostics. Main parameters are measured with different complementary techniques to exploit the combination of their specific features. In the source the still open issues of cesium dynamics, negative ion generation and uniformity are investigated with a set of electrostatic probes, with optical emission spectroscopy, laser absorption for neutral cesium density and cavity ring down spectroscopy for negative ion density. The beam profile uniformity and its divergence will be studied with beam emission spectroscopy, visible tomography, neutron imaging and a special calorimeter made of carbon tiles which can achieve a spatial resolution of few millimetres. All components heated by beam power load will be monitored with a large set of thermocouples behind the heated surfaces and on the cooling water circuits. The test facility will also be the natural choice for hosting experiments on innovative concepts for DEMO HNBs, e.g. more efficient neutralization techniques and cesium free source operation.

Published
2015

77. Negative ion beam characterisation in BATMAN bymini-STRIKE: Improved design and newmeasurements

Author

Kraus, W, McNeely, P, Serianni, G, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Cervaro, V, Chitarin, G, Cristofaro, S, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fasolo, D, Fonnesu, N, Franchin, L, Franzen, P, Ghiraldelli, R, Molon, F, Muraro, A, Pasqualotto, R, Ruf, B, Schiesko, L, Tollin, M, Veltri, P, MURARO, ANDREA, Veltri, P., Kraus, W, McNeely, P, Serianni, G, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Cervaro, V, Chitarin, G, Cristofaro, S, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fasolo, D, Fonnesu, N, Franchin, L, Franzen, P, Ghiraldelli, R, Molon, F, Muraro, A, Pasqualotto, R, Ruf, B, Schiesko, L, Tollin, M, Veltri, P, MURARO, ANDREA, and Veltri, P.

Abstract

The ITER project requires additional heating provided by two injectors of neutral beams resulting from the neutralisation of accelerated negative ions. To study and optimise negative ion production, the SPIDER test facility (particle energy 100keV; beam current 50A) is under construction in Padova, with the aim of testing beam characteristics and to verify the source proper operation. The SPIDER beam will be characterised by the instrumented calorimeter STRIKE, whosemain components are one-directional carbon fibre carbon composite tiles. Some prototype tiles have been employed in 2012 as a small-scale version (mini-STRIKE) of the entire system to investigate the features of the beam from BATMAN at IPP-Garching. As the BATMAN beamlets are superposed at themeasurement position, about 1m from the grounded grid, an actively cooled coppermask is located in front of the tiles; holes in themask create an artificial beamlet structure. Recently themini-STRIKE has been updated, taking into account the results obtained in the first campaign. In particular the spatial resolution of the system has been improved by increasing the number of the coppermask holes. Moreover a custommeasurement system has been realized for the thermocouple signals and employed in BATMAN in view of its use in SPIDER. The present contribution gives a description of the new design of the system as well as of the thermocouplemeasurements system and its field test. A new series ofmeasurements has been carried out in BATMAN. The BATMAN beam characterisation in different experimental conditions is presented.

Published
2015

78. Progress in the realization of the PRIMA neutral beam test facility

Author

Toigo, V, Boilson, D, Bonicelli, T, Piovan, R, Hanada, M, Chakraborty, A, Agarici, G, Antoni, V, Baruah, U, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Dal Bello, S, Decamps, H, Graceffa, J, Kashiwagi, M, Hemsworth, R, Luchetta, A, Marcuzzi, D, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, H, Pomaro, N, Rotti, C, Serianni, G, Simon, M, Singh, M, Singh, N, Svensson, L, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Zaccaria, P, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Andreani, R, Aprile, D, Bandyopadhyay, M, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Bettini, P, Blatchford, P, Boldrin, M, Bonomo, F, Bragulat, E, Brombin, M, Cavenago, M, Chuilon, B, Coniglio, A, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, D'Arienzo, M, Dave, R, De Esch, H, De Lorenzi, A, De Muri, M, Delogu, R, Dhola, H, Fantz, U, Fellin, F, Fellin, L, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Fonnesu, N, Franzen, P, Fröschle, M, Gaio, E, Gambetta, G, Gomez, G, Gnesotto, F, Gorini, G, Grando, L, Gupta, V, Gutierrez, D, Hanke, S, Hardie, C, Heinemann, B, Kojima, A, Kraus, W, Maeshima, T, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Moresco, M, Muraro, A, Muvvala, V, Nocentini, R, Ocello, E, Ochoa, S, Parmar, D, Patel, A, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pilard, V, Recchia, M, Riedl, R, Rizzolo, A, Roopesh, G, Rostagni, G, Sandri, S, Sartori, E, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tardocchi, M, Thakkar, A, Umeda, N, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Yadav, A, Yamanaka, H, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Zaupa, M., Toigo, V, Boilson, D, Bonicelli, T, Piovan, R, Hanada, M, Chakraborty, A, Agarici, G, Antoni, V, Baruah, U, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Dal Bello, S, Decamps, H, Graceffa, J, Kashiwagi, M, Hemsworth, R, Luchetta, A, Marcuzzi, D, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, H, Pomaro, N, Rotti, C, Serianni, G, Simon, M, Singh, M, Singh, N, Svensson, L, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Zaccaria, P, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Andreani, R, Aprile, D, Bandyopadhyay, M, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Bettini, P, Blatchford, P, Boldrin, M, Bonomo, F, Bragulat, E, Brombin, M, Cavenago, M, Chuilon, B, Coniglio, A, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, D'Arienzo, M, Dave, R, De Esch, H, De Lorenzi, A, De Muri, M, Delogu, R, Dhola, H, Fantz, U, Fellin, F, Fellin, L, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Fonnesu, N, Franzen, P, Fröschle, M, Gaio, E, Gambetta, G, Gomez, G, Gnesotto, F, Gorini, G, Grando, L, Gupta, V, Gutierrez, D, Hanke, S, Hardie, C, Heinemann, B, Kojima, A, Kraus, W, Maeshima, T, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Moresco, M, Muraro, A, Muvvala, V, Nocentini, R, Ocello, E, Ochoa, S, Parmar, D, Patel, A, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pilard, V, Recchia, M, Riedl, R, Rizzolo, A, Roopesh, G, Rostagni, G, Sandri, S, Sartori, E, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tardocchi, M, Thakkar, A, Umeda, N, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Yadav, A, Yamanaka, H, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, and Zaupa, M.

Abstract

The ITER project requires additional heating by two neutral beam injectors, each accelerating to 1 MV a 40 A beam of negative deuterium ions, to deliver to the plasma a power of about 17 MW for one hour. As these requirements have never been experimentally met, it was recognized as necessary to setup a test facility, PRIMA (Padova Research on ITER Megavolt Accelerator), in Italy, including a full-size negative ion source, SPIDER, and a prototype of the whole ITER injector, MITICA, aiming to develop the heating injectors to be installed in ITER. This realization is made with the main contribution of the European Union, through the Joint Undertaking for ITER (F4E), the ITER Organization and Consorzio RFX which hosts the Test Facility. The Japanese and the Indian ITER Domestic Agencies (JADA and INDA) participate in the PRIMA enterprise; European laboratories, such as IPP-Garching, KIT-Karlsruhe, CCFE-Culham, CEA-Cadarache and others are also cooperating. Presently, the assembly of SPIDER is on-going and the MITICA design is being completed. The paper gives a general overview of the test facility and of the status of development of the MITICA and SPIDER main components at this important stage of the overall development; then it focuses on the latest and most critical issues, regarding both physics and technology, describing the identified solutions.

Published
2015

79. ANNEX B - TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION MITICA BEAM SOURCE

Author

Marcuzzi D., Agostinetti P., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Dal Bello S., Dalla Palma M., De Muri M., Pavei M., Pilan N., Pomaro N., Recchia M., Rizzolo A., Toigo V., Trevisan L., Visentin M., Zaccaria P., and Zanotto L.

Published
2012

80. STRIKE Technical Specification

Author

Dal Bello S., Dalla Palma M., De Muri M., Fasolo D., Pasqualotto R., Pomaro N., Rizzolo A., Tollin M., and Serianni G.

Published
2011

82. Thermal and Electrostatic Simulations of STRIKE to Reconstruct the Features of the SPIDER Beam

Author

Serianni G., Dalla Palma M., De Muri M., Fasolo D., Pasqualotto R., Pomaro N., Rizzolo A., and Tollin M.

Subjects
Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The ITER project requires additional heating via injection of neutral beams, which will be provided by two injectors. Such high-power beams result from the neutralization of accelerated negative ions. To study and optimise negative ion production, the SPIDER test facility is under construction in Padova, with the aim of testing beam characteristics and to verify the source proper operation. The SPIDER beam has energy of 100 keV and current of 50 A. The instrumented calorimeter STRIKE (Short-Time Retractable Instrumented Kalorimeter Experiment) has been developed for diagnostic purposes to characterise the SPIDER negative ion beam during short operation (several seconds). The most important measurements performed by STRIKE are: beam uniformity, stripping losses and beam divergence. They are obtained using different diagnostics: thermal cameras, current sensors, thermocouples and electrostatic sensors. STRIKE is subdivided into 16 tiles (one for each beamlet group) to reproduce the SPIDER beam source geometry and it is directly exposed to the beam. In particular, the beam uniformity evaluated with thermal measurements is compared to the uniformity evaluated with current measurements. This work presents the investigation of the influence on the response of STRIKE diagnostics due to secondary electrons and off-normal conditions. A set of electrostatic simulations will be shown, to assess the effect of the biasing of the calorimeter on the secondary electron trajectories and to study their effect on the current measurements. Moreover, thermal simulations concerning normal and off-normal beam conditions have been carried out and in particular the discretisation introduced by thermal cameras on thermal images will be discussed with regard to the reconstruction of the input data. This work was set up in collaboration and financial support of F4E.

Published
2011

85. Design and specifications of the diagnostics for the instrumented calorimeter of SPIDER

Author

De Muri M., Dalla Palma M., Fasolo D., Pasqualotto R., Pomaro N., Rizzolo A., Serianni G., and Tollin M.

Subjects
Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Operation of the thermonuclear fusion experiment ITER requires additional heating via injection of neutral beams from accelerated negative ions. In the SPIDER test facility, under construction in Padova, the production of negative ions will be studied and optimised. This test bed will aim at assessing beam characteristics and verifying the source proper operation. STRIKE (Short-Time Retractable Instrumented Kalorimeter Experiment) is a diagnostic used to characterise the SPIDER beam during short operation (several seconds) to verify if the beam meets the ITER requirement about the maximum allowed beam non-uniformity (below ±10%). During long pulse operations, STRIKE is parked off-beam in the vacuum vessel. The most important measurements performed by STRIKE are beam uniformity, beamlet divergence and stripping losses. This contribution gives an overview of the diagnostics dedicated to these measurements: thermal cameras to measure the temperature pattern on the rear side of the tiles; current sensors to measure the current associated to the beam particles; thermocouples, giving a local temperature measurement, to provide a calibration for thermal cameras; electrostatic sensors to characterise the plasma formed by the interaction of the beam with the background gas. In order to prevent secondary electrons from escaping the tile surface, a voltage is applied to the tiles with respect to the vacuum vessel. The specifications of these diagnostics have been defined according to the results of electrostatic and thermal simulations. A failure modes and effects analysis has been performed during the design. Consequently the project of the STRIKE diagnostics has been optimized to reduce the possible failure risks. This work was set up in collaboration and financial support of F4E.

Published
2011

94. Diagnostics of the ITER neutral beam test facility

Author

Pasqualotto R., Serianni G., Sonato P., Agostini M., Brombin M., Dalla Palma M., De Muri M., Gazza E., Gorini G., Pomaro N., Rizzolo A., Spolaore M., and Zaniol B.

Abstract

ITER design requires delivering to the plasma a total power of 33 MW up to one hour in a stationary condition by two heating neutral beam injectors (HNB). This level of power is provided by negative ion beams generated by an RF source and accelerated at 1 MeV. The HNB specifications have never been simultaneously achieved so far and therefore a neutral beam test facility is being constructed at Consorzio RFX in Padova, Italy, to demonstrate the feasibility of a prototype injector and to optimize its performances. The facility will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative hydrogen/deuterium RF source, full size prototype of the HNB source, and MITICA, a prototype of the full HNB. The mission of SPIDER and MITICA is to guarantee reliable and efficient operation of HNB on ITER, where it will be impossible to have a direct view of the plasma in the source and of the beam in the injector, but a much reduced set of diagnostics will be available, mainly thermocouples. The diagnostics to be installed on SPIDER and MITICA are therefore essential to qualify and optimize the HNB for ITER in a full scale, full performance device, and to assess the amount of information on the source and beam which can be gathered by means of the HNB set of diagnostics. Sufficient instrumentation as then been included in each component to monitor its performance within the design envelope, to alert plant operators of the onset of operation outside design margins and to monitor source and beam characteristics to improve the injector performance. The suite of diagnostics for SPIDER, besides some systems dedicated also to the operation of pecific plants (electric measurements of power supplies, vacuum, cesium oven, cooling plant calorimetry of ion source and beam dump), is dedicated to characterize the plasma in the source and the beam. Thermocouples on heat exposed surfaces of the source and beam dump will characterize the distribution of the power load. The source will be investigated also with electrostatic probes, absorption spectroscopy for cesium density, cavity ring down spectroscopy for negative ion density, emission spectroscopy for electron temperature, density of electrons, negative ions, cesium, neutral hydrogen and to monitor the amount of impurities. The beam will be analyzed mainly in terms of uniformity and divergence: a short pulse calorimeter made of 1D CFC tiles and observed by IR cameras will provide a high resolution map of the beam intensity and thus its uniformity and divergence; it will be complemented by beam tomography and neutron imaging on the beam dump, both not limited to short pulses and the latter one only operational with deuterium. MITICA will have the same set of operational diagnostics, with a large number of thermocouples on the beamline components, including and exceeding those foreseen in the HNB. Source spectroscopy will use a reduced number of lines of sight. The beam will be investigated between beam line components with beam mission spectroscopy and tomography using narrow apertures on the cryopump backplane; and by neutron imaging installed on the beam dump. The paper will present the integrated set of diagnostics, their scope within the mission of the two experiments and their expected capabilities, based on the nearly finalized design.

Published
2011

96. First experiments with the negative ion source NIO1

Author

Cavenago, M., primary, Serianni, G., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Antoni, V., additional, Baltador, C., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Baseggio, L., additional, Bigi, M., additional, Cervaro, V., additional, Degli Agostini, F., additional, Fagotti, E., additional, Kulevoy, T., additional, Ippolito, N., additional, Laterza, B., additional, Minarello, A., additional, Maniero, M., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Petrenko, S., additional, Poggi, M., additional, Ravarotto, D., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Sartori, E., additional, Sattin, M., additional, Sonato, P., additional, Taccogna, F., additional, Variale, V., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Zanotto, L., additional, and Zucchetti, S., additional

Published
2015
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97. Progress in the realization of the PRIMA neutral beam test facility

Author

Toigo, V., primary, Boilson, D., additional, Bonicelli, T., additional, Piovan, R., additional, Hanada, M., additional, Chakraborty, A., additional, Agarici, G., additional, Antoni, V., additional, Baruah, U., additional, Bigi, M., additional, Chitarin, G., additional, Dal Bello, S., additional, Decamps, H., additional, Graceffa, J., additional, Kashiwagi, M., additional, Hemsworth, R., additional, Luchetta, A., additional, Marcuzzi, D., additional, Masiello, A., additional, Paolucci, F., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Patel, H., additional, Pomaro, N., additional, Rotti, C., additional, Serianni, G., additional, Simon, M., additional, Singh, M., additional, Singh, N.P., additional, Svensson, L., additional, Tobari, H., additional, Watanabe, K., additional, Zaccaria, P., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Andreani, R., additional, Aprile, D., additional, Bandyopadhyay, M., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Battistella, M., additional, Bettini, P., additional, Blatchford, P., additional, Boldrin, M., additional, Bonomo, F., additional, Bragulat, E., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Cavenago, M., additional, Chuilon, B., additional, Coniglio, A., additional, Croci, G., additional, Dalla Palma, M., additional, D’Arienzo, M., additional, Dave, R., additional, De Esch, H. P. L, additional, De Lorenzi, A., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Delogu, R., additional, Dhola, H., additional, Fantz, U., additional, Fellin, F., additional, Fellin, L., additional, Ferro, A., additional, Fiorentin, A., additional, Fonnesu, N., additional, Franzen, P., additional, Fröschle, M., additional, Gaio, E., additional, Gambetta, G., additional, Gomez, G., additional, Gnesotto, F., additional, Gorini, G., additional, Grando, L., additional, Gupta, V., additional, Gutierrez, D., additional, Hanke, S., additional, Hardie, C., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Kojima, A., additional, Kraus, W., additional, Maeshima, T., additional, Maistrello, A., additional, Manduchi, G., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Mico, G., additional, Moreno, J. F., additional, Moresco, M., additional, Muraro, A., additional, Muvvala, V., additional, Nocentini, R., additional, Ocello, E., additional, Ochoa, S., additional, Parmar, D., additional, Patel, A., additional, Pavei, M., additional, Peruzzo, S., additional, Pilan, N., additional, Pilard, V., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Riedl, R., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Roopesh, G., additional, Rostagni, G., additional, Sandri, S., additional, Sartori, E., additional, Sonato, P., additional, Sottocornola, A., additional, Spagnolo, S., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Taliercio, C., additional, Tardocchi, M., additional, Thakkar, A., additional, Umeda, N., additional, Valente, M., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Yadav, A., additional, Yamanaka, H., additional, Zamengo, A., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Zanotto, L., additional, and Zaupa, M., additional

Published
2015
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98. Development of versatile multiaperture negative ion sources

Author

Cavenago, M., primary, Serianni, G., additional, Antoni, V., additional, Bigi, M., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Baseggio, L., additional, Cervaro, V., additional, Cazzador, M., additional, Degli Agostini, F., additional, Franchin, L., additional, Kulevoy, T., additional, Laterza, B., additional, Mimo, A., additional, Minarello, A., additional, Petrenko, S., additional, Ravarotto, D., additional, Rossetto, F., additional, Sattin, M., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, and Zucchetti, S., additional

Published
2015
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99. NIO1 diagnostics

Author

Zaniol, B., primary, Barbisan, M., additional, Cavenago, M., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Mimo, A., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, and Serianni, G., additional

Published
2015
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100. Negative ion beam characterisation in BATMAN by mini-STRIKE: Improved design and new measurements

Author

Serianni, G., primary, Bonomo, F., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Cervaro, V., additional, Chitarin, G., additional, Cristofaro, S., additional, Delogu, R., additional, De Muri, M., additional, Fasolo, D., additional, Fonnesu, N., additional, Franchin, L., additional, Franzen, P., additional, Ghiraldelli, R., additional, Molon, F., additional, Muraro, A., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Ruf, B., additional, Schiesko, L., additional, Tollin, M., additional, and Veltri, P., additional

Published
2015
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