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Shakespeare lived during a remarkable period, a time of relative political stability known as Elizabethan Age. As a playwright, his literature output is divided into four periods. Shakespeare's Macbeth, tragedy guided by Holinshed's Chronicle falls in the third period (1601-08). Shakespeare is known as the doyen of English Literature and also the master of human psychology. Study of Shakespearean tragedies, especially Macbeth is the need of the hour for the readers of 21st century because of the changed world where materialism has dominated over human mind and man is hankering after power to get power. A number of diseases are surrounding him; out of them insomnia and somnambulism have emerged as incurable diseases. Both the diseases are so fatal that even specialists are not able to cure them. In such a hazardous state, these patients lose courage. The only remedy, a panacea for such patients in the present age is through the reading of the literary works of contemporary playwrights like Shakespeare. Macbeth carries the cure of these fatal diseases. Shakespeare disguising himself in the role of different characters, reveals in detail all the syndromes that occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A literary criticism of the book "That Long Silence," by Shashi Deshpande is presented. The novel highlighted the life of the woman protagonist who is entangled in various relations as she helps her family survive. Deshpande's genuine concern for women was reflected in all her novels including "If I Die Today," "The Binding Vine" and "Come Up and Be Dead."

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion or action. Contributing factors include genetic predisposition, obesity, family history, inactivity, and environmental risks. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the most common form, involves impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin resistance. By 2045, it is projected that India and China will have approximately 134.3 and 110.8 million diabetic individuals, respectively. Although synthetic drugs are effective in managing DM, they often come with side effects. Consequently, plant-based phytochemicals with antidiabetic properties are gaining attention. Research indicates that around 115 medicinal plants (MPs) have antidiabetic effects, particularly those from the Fabaceae, Liliaceae, and Lamiaceae families. Bioactive compounds like alkaloids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolics are known to combat DM. Traditional medicinal systems, particularly in developing countries, offer effective DM management. This review highlights the importance of MPs and their bioactive compounds in treating diabetes and underscores the need for further research to commercialize plant-based antidiabetic drugs., (© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.)