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Management systems are crucial for soils functioning as a drain or source of greenhouse gas emissions. In this sense, among the alternatives for reducing the precursors of the greenhouse effect are integrated agricultural production systems, particularly Agroforestry Systems. These integrated systems maximize the use of biological cycles, soil, and animal waste, reducing agrochemicals and improving the condition of the rural populations involved. The present study aimed to evaluate the CO2 efflux in different land use types. The study was conducted in four agroecosystems: Forest (FO), Agroforestry Systems (AFS), Mandala (MD), and Degraded area (DA). To quantify the CO2 emanating from the soil, 10 mL of 0.5 N KOH aqueous solution is used and titrated using 0.1 N HCl, phenolphthalein, and 1% methyl orange as an indicator. The CO2 concentration from 5:00 am to 5:00 pm was lower. The lowest CO2 production occurred in FO (82.7 CO2 mg m-2 h-1), statistically differing from the other areas that obtained a CO2 rate higher than 140 mg m-2 h-1. As for kinetics, it was observed in all areas that the greatest release of CO2 during the day occurred at 7:00 am, and this release decreased as the soil temperature increased. The greatest release of CO2 and the highest temperatures occurred in DA, showing that these systems with anthropic modifications can be considered CO2 emitters however, systems closer to the natural ecosystem, such as the AFS, will store carbon in the soil, functioning as a carbon store. Therefore, to reduce CO2 emissions from agricultural activities, it is necessary to use systems that imitate natural ecosystems.

We report the first case of monkeypox virus (MPXV) associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A 34-year-old French woman with no medical history was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for fever, altered mental status, hypotension and hypoxaemia. She presented with a diffuse skin rash with vesiculopustular lesions involving the four limbs and perineal ulcers with a skin swab positive for MPXV. On day 2, the patient presented moderate ARDS requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. She also had pleural empyema due to Streptococcus pyogenes. MPXV PCR was positive in the bronchoalveolar lavage, the pleural effusion and the blood. The patient was treated with tecovirimat. Despite the treatment, she had persistent viraemia for at least ten days. The patient condition rapidly improved; she was weaned from mechanical ventilation on day 18 despite the persistence of radiological lung opacities. She fully recovered and was discharged home on day 38 after admission.

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has substantial physical, psychological, social and economic impacts, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Considering its high incidence, the aim of this study was to identify epidemiological and clinical characteristics that predict mortality in patients hospitalized for TBI in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods A retrospective cohort study was carried out with patients over 18 years old with TBI admitted to an ICU of a Brazilian trauma referral hospital between January 2012 and August 2019. TBI was compared with other traumas in terms of clinical characteristics of ICU admission and outcome. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to estimate the odds ratio for mortality. Results Of the 4816 patients included, 1114 had TBI, with a predominance of males (85.1%). Compared with patients with other traumas, patients with TBI had a lower mean age (45.3 ± 19.1 versus 57.1 ± 24.1 years, p

RESUMO O artigo discute o panorama social dos homens, mulheres e crianças que ocuparam os vales dos rios Purus e Acre no início do século XX, abordando temas relativos à idade, raça e meios de resistência. A base documental é proveniente das fichas deixadas por esses trabalhadores junto ao Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Acre, que estão sob a guarda da Universidade Federal do Acre. O método de exposição apresenta os dados seriais com narrativas de casos, aliando uma perspectiva micro-histórica para discutir os temas investigados. Assim, espera-se, como pano de fundo, enfrentar alguns silêncios da historiografia amazônica a respeito da expansão dos seringais nessa parte do Brasil, principalmente no uso insuficiente das fontes primárias para tratar desse assunto.

The first case of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was located in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. As it is considered infectious and highly contagious, causing respiratory problems, it has led to numerous changes in the academic calendar of educational institutions. The present study aims to track the profile of physiotherapy students, recognizing the impacts of the pandemic on their overall health, as well as examining the greatest academic difficulties during this period. This is a qualitative data survey, collected from Centro Universitário São Camilo (CUSC) students during the months of August, September, and October 2021, totaling 169 responses. It was observed that during the pandemic, 45 (26.6%) students had some health problems. As for daily activities, 111 (65.7%) stated that they managed to adapt leisure activities at home, 84 (49.7%) worsened their eating habits, and 57 (33.7%) stated that they had less than eight hours of sleep. Regarding online learning, 68 (40.2%) considered their academic performance regular and 156 (92.3%) felt impaired in some way. In addition, 111 (65.7%) considered remote learning extremely stressful, where the majority opted for in-person classes, with 77 (45.6%) wanting to resume in-person activities completely, and 76 (45.0%) opted for a gradual return. It was found that the profile of CUSC physiotherapy students underwent significant changes in several aspects, such as sleep and diet, but mainly psychological and academic issues were referred to, with positive and negative points concerning online learning.

Introduction Delirium is a severe complication that is associated with short-term adverse events, prolonged hospital stay and neurological sequelae in survivors. Automated pupillometry is an easy-to-use device that allows for accurate objective assessment of the pupillary light responses in comatose patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Whether automated pupillometry might predict delirium in critically ill patients is not known. We hypothesise that automated pupillometry could predict the occurrence of delirium in critically ill patients without primary brain injury, requiring more than 48 hours of invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU.Methods and analysis The PupillOmetry for preDIction of DeliriUM in ICU (PODIUM) study is a prospective cohort study, which will be conducted in eight French ICUs in the Paris area. We aim to recruit 213 adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. Automated pupillometry (Neurological Pupil Index; NPi-200, Neuroptics) will be assessed two times per day for 7 days. Delirium will be assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method in ICU two times per day over 14 days in non-comatose patients (Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale ≥−3).The predictive performances of the seven automated pupillometry parameters (ie, pupillary diameter, variation of the pupillary diameter, pupillary constriction speed, pupillary dilatation speed, photomotor reflex latency, NPi and symmetry of pupillary responses) measured to detect the delirium occurrence within 14 days will be the main outcomes. Secondary outcomes will be the predictive performances of the seven automated pupillometry parameters to detect complications related to delirium, ICU length of stay, mortality, functional and cognitive outcomes at 90 days.Ethics and dissemination The PODIUM study has been approved by an independent ethics committee, the Comité de Protection des Personnes (CPP) OUEST IV—NANTES (CPP21.02.15.45239 32/21_3) on 06 April 2021). Participant recruitment started on 15 April 2022. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed medical journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration number NCT05248035; clinicaltrials.gov.

Helicases, motor proteins present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, play a direct role in various steps of RNA metabolism. Specifically, SF2 RNA helicases, a subset of the DEAD-box family, are essential players in plant developmental processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite this, information on this family in the physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) remains limited, spanning from structural patterns to stress responses. We identified 79 genes encoding DEAD-box RNA helicases (JcDHX) in the J. curcas genome. These genes were further categorized into three subfamilies: DEAD (42 genes), DEAH (30 genes), and DExH/D (seven genes). Characterization of the encoded proteins revealed a remarkable diversity, with observed patterns in domains, motifs, and exon–intron structures suggesting that the DEAH and DExH/D subfamilies in J. curcas likely contribute to the overall versatility of the family. Three-dimensional modeling of the candidates showed characteristic hallmarks, highlighting the expected functional performance of these enzymes. The promoter regions of the JcDHX genes revealed potential cis-elements such as Dof-type, BBR-BPC, and AP2-ERF, indicating their potential involvement in the response to abiotic stresses. Analysis of RNA-Seq data from the roots of physic nut accessions exposed to 150 mM of NaCl for 3 h showed most of the JcDHX candidates repressed. The protein–protein interaction network indicated that JcDHX proteins occupy central positions, connecting events associated with RNA metabolism. Quantitative PCR analysis validated the expression of nine DEAD-box RNA helicase transcripts, showing significant associations with key components of the stress response, including RNA turnover, ribosome biogenesis, DNA repair, clathrin-mediated vesicular transport, phosphatidyl 3,5-inositol synthesis, and mitochondrial translation. Furthermore, the induced expression of one transcript (JcDHX44) was confirmed, suggesting that it is a potential candidate for future functional analyses to better understand its role in salinity stress tolerance. This study represents the first global report on the DEAD-box family of RNA helicases in physic nuts and displays structural characteristics compatible with their functions, likely serving as a critical component of the plant’s response pathways.

ABSTRACT Introduction For the reduction of PTH levels, two classes of drugs are available in the Brazilian market: non-selective and selective vitamin D receptor activators and calcimimetics. Among the mentioned drugs, the SUS provides oral calcitriol, paricalcitol and cinacalcet. Objectives: Develop cost-effectiveness (CE) and budgetary impact (BI) analysis of cinacalcet versus paricalcitol for patients on dialysis with SHPT, from the perspective of SUS. Methodology: A decision tree model was constructed for CE analysis, which considered the outcome of avoided parathyroidectomy and a time horizon of 1 year. As for the BI analysis, two scenarios were considered, one of which was measured demand and other epidemiological, based on data from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology (BSN). Results: The CE analysis showed that the use of cinacalcet results in one-off savings of R$1,394.64 per year and an incremental effectiveness of 0.08, in relation to avoided parathyroidectomy. The incremental CE ratio (ICER) was - R$ 17,653.67 per avoided parathyroidectomy for cinacalcet, as it was more effective and cheaper compared to paricalcitol. As for the BI analysis, it was estimated that the incremental BI with the expansion of the use of cinacalcet in the SUS will be between - R$ 1,640,864.62 and R$ 166,368.50 in the first year, considering the main and the epidemiological scenarios. At the end of 5 years after the expansion of use, an BI was estimated between - R$ 10,740,743.86 and - R$ 1,191,339.37; considering the same scenarios. Conclusion: Cinacalcet was dominant to avoid parathyroidectomies, being cost-effective.

Abstract Background It is estimated that, worldwide, 9% of deaths occur as a result of insufficient physical activity (PA) practice. Practicing PA can prevent and/or reduce the deleterious effects of different types of diseases and can improve general health aspects related to health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Purpose To analyze the relationship of different PA domains with different HRQoL domains over a two-year period. Methods This is an observational study with a two-year longitudinal design. The sample, composed of adults, was selected from a randomization of the streets of the different regions (north, south, east, west and center) covering individuals from all areas of the city. To assess the practice of PA, the Baecke questionnaire was used. The instrument Medical Outcomes Study SF-36-Item Short Form Health Survey was used to assess the HRQoL domains. Linear regression models were used to analyzed the association of different PA domains with changes in HRQoL. Multivariate statistical models were adjusted for gender, age, socioeconomic status, marital status, the respective PA score at baseline, smoking, body mass index, and morbidity. Results 331 adults were evaluated. There was a decrease in the practice of PA in the occupational domain and an increase in the leisure/locomotion domain. Regarding HRQoL, there was an increase in the scores of body pain and mental health, and a decrease in scores of general health, vitality, social aspects and emotional aspects. The PA practice in the occupational domain was inversely related to functional capacity (β = − 7.2 [CI 95% − 13.0; − 1.4]). The practice of PA through sports in leisure time was positively associated with vitality (β = 5.5 [CI 95% 0.2; 10.7]) and mental health (β = 15.2 [CI 95% 6.8; 23.7]). PA practice during leisure and locomotion was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = − 5.68 [CI 95% − 10.7; − 0.6]) and positively associated with vitality β = 4.8 [CI 95% 0.8; 8.7]) and mental health (β = 8.4 [CI 95% 2.0; 14.9]). The total PA practice was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = − 3.8 [CI 95% − 6.5; − 1.2]) and positively associated with pain in the body (β = 4.9 [CI 95% 0.3; 9.4]), vitality (β = 2.9 [CI 95% 0.7; 5.0]) and mental health (β = 5.7 [CI 95% 2.2; 9.2]). Conclusions It is suggested that practicing PA continuously within a period of two years can positively affect some physical aspects and some mental aspects related to HRQoL, but not all of them. A strategy for public policy actions is to explore these variables by domain and thus detect the real needs and improvements that can be made for the population.

This paper aims to describe and illustrate the fruits, seeds, and seedlings of Chromolucuma flavilatex (Chrysophylloideae, Sapotaceae) from central Amazonia and briefly discusses their taxonomic relevance. The observed characters can support our hypothesis that embryo morphology and seedling type are consistent in Chromolucuma species, as well as in other genera of Chrysophylloideae. In addition, we complement the original description of the fruits and seeds of C. flavilatex collected from the same tree of the type specimen and provide descriptions and illustrations of the early stages of seedling development of this species to facilitate its recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing use of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles (NPs) raises concerns regarding their accumulation in soil ecosystems, with limited studies on their impact on soil organisms. Study aim: To unravel the effects of MoS2 nanosheets (two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 NPs) and bulk MoS2 (156, 313, 625, 1250, 2500 mg/kg) on Enchytraeus crypticus and Folsomia candida. The organisms’ survival and avoidance behavior remained unaffected by both forms, while reproduction and DNA integrity were impacted. For E. crypticus, the individual endpoint reproduction was more sensitive, increasing at lower concentrations of bulk MoS2 and decreasing at higher ones and at 625 mg/kg of 2D MoS2 NPs. For F. candida, the molecular endpoint DNA integrity was more impacted: 2500 mg/kg of bulk MoS2 induced DNA damage after 2 days, with all concentrations inducing damage by day 7. 2D MoS2 NPs induced DNA damage at 156 and 2500 mg/kg after 2 days, and at 1250 and 2500 mg/kg after 7 days. Despite affecting the same endpoints, bulk MoS2 induced more effects than 2D MoS2 NPs. Indeed, 2D MoS2 NPs only inhibited E. crypticus reproduction at 625 mg/kg and induced fewer (F. candida) or no effects (E. crypticus) on DNA integrity. This study highlights the different responses of terrestrial organisms to 2D MoS2 NPs versus bulk MoS2, reinforcing the importance of risk assessment when considering both forms.

We report from three localities four new records of the threatened Brazilian Atlantic Forest endemic Chaetomys subspinosus (Olfers, 1818). These are the first records of this porcupine species from the state of Minas Gerais, and these new data extend the distribution of this species by approximately 220 km to the southwest. As C. subspinosus was observed in areas of transitional vegetation, this species may be found in a much broader spectrum of habitat types than previously thought. We recommend further surveys focusing on documenting this species.

IntroductionAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease that occurs in patients over 50 years old. Early diagnosis enables timely treatment to stabilize disease progression. However, the fact that the disease is asymptomatic in its early stages can delay treatment until it progresses. As such, screening in specific contexts can be an early detection tool to reduce the clinical and social impact of the disease.ObjectiveAssess the effectiveness of screening methods for early detection of AMD in adults aged 50 years or older.MethodsA systematic review of comparative observational studies on AMD screening methods in those aged 50 years or older, compared with no screening or any other strategy. A literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library and Lilacs database.ResultsA total of 5,290 studies were identified, three of which met the inclusion criteria and were selected for the systematic review. A total of 8,733 individuals (16,780 eyes) were included in the analysis. The screening methods assessed were based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) compared with color fundus photography, and OCT and telemedicine testing compared to a standard eye exam.ConclusionThe systematized data are limited and only suggest satisfactory performance in early screening of the population at risk of developing AMD. OCT and the telemedicine technique showed promising results in AMD screening. However, methodological problems were identified in the studies selected and the level of evidence was considered low.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o impacto da crise iniciada em 2014 no mercado de trabalho da construção Civil e na distribuição de renda na economia brasileira no período de 2012 a 2019. Para tanto, verifica-se algumas características das pessoas ocupadas por setores de atividade da economia, separando a construção civil como um setor específico, e dentro deste, analisa-se algumas ocupações inerentes ao setor; examina-se também, a distribuição de renda por setor e por ocupação na construção civil. Utiliza-se a metodologia da decomposição do Índice de Gini, com a base de dados da PNADC/IBGE dos respectivos anos. Como resultado, pode-se apresentar que o índice de Gini, tanto do Brasil como do setor da Construção Civil, apresentou queda no período de 2012 a 2014 e reverteu a trajetória a partir de 2014 em consequência da crise iniciada naquele ano; verifica-se uma redução na diferença salarial entre gênero, em 2012, o rendimento médio habitual dos homens era 35,6% acima do rendimento das mulheres, em 2019, caiu para 28,7%; a informalidade se intensificou a partir de 2014 na construção Civil, chegando em 2019 com mais de 60,0% dos trabalhadores do setor na condição de empregado informal ou conta-própria sem contribuição à Previdência Social.

Abstract Background ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW) has been shown to be associated with prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation and extubation failure. It is usually assessed through Medical Research Council (MRC) score, a time-consuming score performed by physiotherapists. Handgrip strength (HG) can be monitored very easily at the bedside. It has been shown to be a reproducible and reliable marker of global muscular strength in critical care patients. We sought to test if muscular weakness, as assessed by handgrip strength, was associated with extubation outcome. Methods Prospective multicenter trial over an 18 months period in six mixed ICUs. Adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 h were eligible. Just before weaning trial, HG, Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP), Peak Cough Expiratory Flow (PCEF) and Medical Research Council (MRC) score were registered. The attending physicians were unaware of the tests results and weaning procedures were conducted according to guidelines. Occurrence of unscheduled reintubation, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal continuous oxygen (HFNC) because of respiratory failure within 7 days after extubation defined extubation failure. The main outcome was the link between HG and extubation outcome. Results 233 patients were included. Extubation failure occurred in 51 (22.5%) patients, 39 (17.2%) required reintubation. Handgrip strength was 12 [6–20] kg and 12 [8–20] kg, respectively, in extubation success and failure (p = 0.85). There was no association between extubation outcome and MRC score, MIP or PCEF. Handgrip strength was well correlated with MRC score (r = 0.718, p

Objetivo: Definir o perfil de consumo de termogênicos nas academias e identificar os possíveis efeitos adversos associados ao uso dessas substâncias. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo e de cunho quantitativo, em três academias no estado de Alagoas, duas academias situadas na capital de Maceió e outra na cidade de Palmeira dos Índios, com praticantes de atividade física que consomem suplementos termogênicos, entre 18 e 65 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, e que aceitaram participar voluntariamente da pesquisa. Resultados e discussão: O estudo teve 217 participantes de ambos os sexos, com a maioria entre 18 e 30 anos, dos quais 64,93% praticavam musculação e aeróbica. Em relação aos suplementos termogênicos, 35,48% dos indivíduos relataram consumir, destes 63,3% apresentaram reações adversas como aumento da temperatura corporal, agitação, dor de cabeças e insônia. Segundo aqueles que usam as substâncias, apenas 35,06% o fazem por indicação de nutricionista; os demais consomem sem orientação de profissional habilitado. Notou-se também o uso de substâncias ilegais que podem trazer diversos efeitos colaterais indesejáveis e prejudiciais à saúde. Conclusão: Grande parte da amostra relatou ter obtido efeitos adversos após o uso de termogênicos, o que pode causar prejuízos à saúde. Sugere-se que campanhas educativas sejam realizadas em academias acerca da importância da orientação de profissional habilitado para indicação e prescrição de suplementos termogênicos de acordo com as quantidades, necessidades e recomendações de horários adequados como fundamentais para o consumo seguro.

Resumo O presente artigo pretende discutir como o escritor queniano Ngugi Wa Thiong’o aborda a história de três de seus livros: Um grão de trigo, Descolonizar a mente e Memórias em tempos de guerra. Em um primeiro momento, elabora-se uma introdução a respeito de como o autor foi estudado no Brasil, passando a seguir para uma discussão de como ele desenvolveu sua historiografia literária em três momentos que vão da escrita em inglês, seguindo pela crítica ensaística e chegando à consolidação madura de suas abordagens. Espera-se com o artigo contribuir para os estudos em teoria da história, sobretudo com autores fora do eixo Europa-Estados Unidos.

Over the last decade, Heliophysics researchers have increasingly adopted a variety of machine learning methods such as artificial neural networks, decision trees, and clustering algorithms into their workflow. Adoption of these advanced data science methods had quickly outpaced institutional response, but many professional organizations such as the European Commission, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the American Geophysical Union have now issued (or will soon issue) standards for artificial intelligence and machine learning that will impact scientific research. These standards add further (necessary) burdens on the individual researcher who must now prepare the public release of data and code in addition to traditional paper writing. Support for these is not reflected in the current state of institutional support, community practices, or governance systems. We examine here some of these principles and how our institutions and community can promote their successful adoption within the Heliophysics discipline.

O tratamento da infecção latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ILTB) é uma prioridade estratégica para eliminar a tuberculose em países com alta incidência, como o Brasil. Esquemas mais curtos têm sido recomendados para estimular a adesão e a conclusão do tratamento pelos pacientes. Esta revisão examina as evidências da eficácia e segurança da combinação de rifapentina com isoniazida por três meses (3HP) em comparação com isoniazida isolada por nove meses (9H) no tratamento da ILTB. Uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise foi conduzida seguindo as diretrizes de redação do checklist PRISMA. Buscas estruturadas nas plataformas Medline (PUBMED), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Scopus e Web of Science foram realizadas em agosto de 2020. Foram encontradas 586 publicações e incluídos sete estudos completos na análise. Os resultados mostram que o 3HP foi superior ao 9H no desfecho de conclusão do tratamento, com significância estatística (OR = 2,92; IC95% = 2,07-4,12). Menos casos de tuberculose ativa ocorreram em pacientes tratados com 3HP, porém o risco relativo não evidenciou diferença estatisticamente significativa (RR = 0,47; IC95% = 0,2-1,12). As taxas de hepatotoxicidade clinicamente relevante variaram de 0% a 1,5% no 3HP e entre 1,2% a 5,3% no 9H. Não houve mortalidade atribuída aos medicamentos. Os resultados dessa revisão indicam que o regime 3HP é tão seguro e eficaz quanto o 9H e promove taxas de conclusão de tratamento significativamente mais altas. A adoção do 3HP no tratamento da ILTB pode contribuir nos esforços do país em eliminar a tuberculose como um problema de saúde pública.

Esta pesquisa apresenta alternativas metodológicas para estudos empíricos visando a incorporação da perspectiva memética ao repertório epistemológico da Ciência da Informação. Parte-se de uma proposta de análise das ficções criadas dentro do fluxo informacional das postagens em dois grupos políticos no Twitter – Mídia Ninja e Movimento Brasil Livre – referentes à abertura do impeachment contra a presidenta Dilma Rousseff. Pretende-se efetuar a identificação e análise das menores unidades (pedaços) de informações da base desse fluxo capazes de serem replicadas (“memes” na perspectiva dawkiniana) para avaliar as mutações que elas sofreram desde a reeleição da presidenta até o julgamento de seu impeachment. Uma vez que essa ação somente seria possível através da reunião de material que permitisse a análise não somente do conteúdo, mas também do contexto dos dados analisados, a extração desses “social data” se deu mediante a utilização de uma Application Programming Interface (API), apresentada pelo Twitter em 2020. O acesso para consumo dos dados foi realizado com o desenvolvimento de scrips implementados na linguagem de programação Python, seguindo orientações da biblioteca Tweepy Documentation. Propõe-se que a utilização dessas estratégias metodológicas permita que seja produzida uma hipótese gráfica das relações genealógicas capaz de expressar as sequências ancestral-descendente entre as informações desse fluxo. Caso seja bem-sucedida, essa análise permitirá avançar com a conceituação de memes como unidades mínimas de informação e como elemento auxiliar na compreensão da organização e propagação da informação no meio social

Due to the high population growth, there is a strong demand for opening new areas for cultivation and food production in tropical regions. This phenomenon degrades organic matter, especially nutrient reserves. Due to the concern and interests aimed at sustainable agricultural systems for food production and the achievement of results that enable their evaluation, it is necessary to study response variables that are more sensitive to the different management and cultural treatments of soils during planting successive or perennial agricultural crops. Within a multifocal approach, the activity of microorganisms can be used as a parameter or indicator of change in the quality and health of soils, considering that these functions enable the mediation of biochemical processes related to the management and accumulation and quality of straw in these types of systems. Microbial metabolism may be a more rapidly measurable factor when compared to soil physical and chemical attributes. This can potentially become a useful tool to predict or infer the quality of a soil managed in different cropping systems within a short, medium, or long term. The objective of this work was to evaluate possible changes in soil microbial activity from estimates of microbial biomass carbon (CBM), microbial biomass nitrogen (NBM), dehydrogenase (DNASE), soil microbial biomass respiration (RBMS) and the metabolic quotient (qCO2), in two cropping systems in the western region of São Paulo. System 1 characterized by succession of annual crops with soybean/maize (SASM) and system 2 conducted under perennial pasture of the genus Urochloa (SPPU).