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Cacopsylla nasuta (Horváth), which is newly recorded from Iran, is redescribed based on specimens collected on Hippophae rhamnoides. The species is morphologically similar to but distinct from Cacopsylla hippophaes (Foerster). Morphological characters are discussed for separating the two taxa. It is concluded that C. nasuta is restricted to the mountain ranges of Iran, Central Asia, Siberia and probably the Caucasus, and C. hippophaes to Europe. Probably all previous records of C. hippophaes from Asia concern C. nasuta. Specimens from Afghanistan and Turkey, provisionally referred to C. nasuta, are not conspecific with specimens from Iran.

Twelve Ctenarytaina species with confirmed or suspected associations with Syzygium are revised. The following six new species are diagnosed, described and illustrated: Ctenarytaina baliota Burckhardt sp. nov. (from Malaysia: Sabah), C. daleae Burckhardt sp. nov. (Malaysia: Sabah), C. loebli Burckhardt sp. nov. (Malaysia: Sabah), C. melanota Burckhardt sp. nov. (South Africa), C. picea Burckhardt sp. nov. (Thailand) and C. taylori Burckhardt sp. nov. (Malaysia: Sabah). One new generic synonym is proposed (Ctenarytaina = Eurhinocola syn. nov.) as are two new combinations: Ctenarytaina aurata (Li), comb. nov. from Neophyllura, and Ctenarytaina gravelyi (Crawford), comb. nov. from Eurhinocola. A key is provided to adults and, as far as known, to the fifth instar immatures. Two African species (Ctenarytaina fomenae Tamesse and C. melanota sp. nov.) induce witches’ broom on their hosts. Confirmed host plants of Ctenarytaina species are from Syzygium (6 spp.), Eucalyptus (5 spp.) and other Myrtaceae, as well as from one genus in each of the families Onagraceae, Rutaceae and Theaceae. More than two thirds of the species with confirmed hosts are monophagous, the others are narrowly oligophagous. About one fifth of the described Ctenarytaina species have adventive populations outside their natural range. Key words: adventive, distribution, host plant, Phytoplasma, Spondyliaspidinae, Sternorrhyncha, taxonomy, witches’ broom

The introduction of Australian psyllids to non-native ranges across the globe is continually increasing. This is due to an increase in global trade and human movement, exacerbated by climate change...

Os psilídeos são insetos pequenos que se alimentam do floema e se caracterizam por apresentarem uma pequena faixa de plantas hospedeiras em que se desenvolvem. Este trabalho teve como objetivo prospectar e identificar insetos da superfamília de Psylloidea que ocorrem associados a diferentes biomas no Mato Grosso e que resultou na coleta de 29 gêneros descritos, com 24 espécies identificadas. O Cerrado foi o bioma que apresentou a maior diversidade, seguido pela Amazônia e Pantanal. Comparando com a última lista de psilídeos publicada para o Brasil, em 2012, este artigo contribuiu significativamente para o aumento do conhecimento da biodiversidade de Mato Grosso. Além das espécies registradas para o Mato Grosso (Diaphorina citri, Heteropsylla caldwelli, Pseudophacopteron longicaudatum, Tainarys myracrodruie Trioza struthanthi), também apresentamos novos registros para outros estados brasileiros: Isogonoceraia divergipennis? no Maranhão, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro e Santa Catarina; Heteropsylla caldwelli ? em Goiás e São Paulo; Euphalerus clitoriae ? no Ceará, Goiás, Pará, Paraná e Santa Catarina; Trioza tabebuiae ? em Minas Gerais, São Paulo e Santa Catarina; e Trioza struthanthi em São Paulo. Made available in DSpace on 2020-10-13T09:11:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barreto-et-al-2020-Psy-do-Mato-Grosso.pdf: 1063954 bytes, checksum: 5b2f2313a380307aec4ce9caa8852029 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Aléné, Désirée Chantal, Latar Vernyuy, Nina, Djiéto-Lordon, Champlain, Burckhardt, Daniel (2021): Diaphorina pfanderae Aléné and Burckhardt sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Psyllidae) and its association with ants on Ozoroa pulcherrima (Anacardiaceae). Journal of Natural History 55 (27-28): 1649-1662, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1951861, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2021.1951861

Species ofAgonoscena(Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) are key pests of pistachio in all of the most important pistachio producing countries in the Old World. The efficiency and accuracy of DNA barcoding for the identification ofAgonoscenaspecies were tested using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mtCO1) and cytochrome b (cytb) gene sequences. Moreover, morphometric sexual dimorphism was studied. Finally, the potential geographical distribution ofAgonoscena pistaciae, the most important pistachio pest, was calculated using the MaxEnt model. Similar relationships of clustering were found in the morphometric analysis and the molecular analyses withmtCO1andcytbgenes, withA. bimaculataandA. pistaciaebeing closely related, andA. peganiconstituting their sister group. Although the results showed that thecytbgene is a better marker for barcoding in this group, themtCO1gene clearly separates the three psyllid species makingmtCO1suitable for diagnostic purposes. A geometric morphometric analysis showed that the distance between landmark number 7 (bifurcation of vein M) to the fore margin of the forewing, and the distance between landmarks number 6 (apex of vein Cu1b) and 11 (wing base), are the most important geometric characters for diagnosing the studied species. Moreover, the forewing shape of males vs females is similar inA. pistaciaeandA. bimaculatabut differs significantly inA. pegani. In the ecological niche modeling of the distribution ofA. pistaciae, the most important contribution was made by the variable ‘minimum temperature of coldest period’. The most suitable areas forA. pistaciaeare restricted to Eastern, Southern and some parts of Central Iran.

Ceropsylla pouteriae Burckhardt sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Brazil: Minas Gerais. It induces pit galls on the leaves of Pouteria ramiflora (Mart.) Radlk. (Sapotaceae), a characteristic tree of the Cerrado biome. The previously artificial genus Ceropsylla is redefined and six species are transferred from Ceropsylla to Trioza as Trioza angustirerta (Li, 2011), comb. nov., Trioza celticola (Li, 2011), comb. nov., Trioza cestolemba (Li, 2011), comb. nov., Trioza discrepans (Tuthill, 1945), comb. nov., Trioza martorelli (Caldwell, 1942), comb. nov. and Trioza pulchra (Tuthill, 1945), comb. nov. The psyllids on Sapotaceae are reviewed and the phylogenetic relationships of Ceropsylla briefly discussed. The Ceropsylla pouteriae gall develops from cellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the mesophyll leaf tissue, as well as neoformation of vascular tissues. The hypertrophy of the palisade parenchyma cells leads to the formation of the adaxial cortex of the gall. The abaxial cortex originates from the spongy parenchyma. The elongation of the adaxial and abaxial cortex is responsible for the intralaminar gall shape. The neoformation of vascular bundles is an important feature for the phloem feeding Ceropsylla pouteriae. The intralaminar morphotype of the C. pouteriae gall showed a simple anatomical structure. It lacks defence-related compounds and nutritive tissue. The structural simplicity contrasts with the presence of chemical substances in the gall tissue.

The fauna of Psylloidea from Madeira Archipelago and Selvagens Islands is updated with the addition of four new records: Acizzia uncatoides, Cacopsylla fulguralis, Ctenarytaina spatulata and Platycorypha nigrivirga. The list of psyllids known from these islands now comprises 21 species. Two species of psyllids are cited for the first time from Selvagens Islands. Natural enemies associated with psyllids are cited as new records for Madeira, namely the anthocorid bug Anthocoris nemoralis and the encyrtid parasitoid wasp Psyllaephagus pilosus .

The purpose of this application, under Article 23.9.3 of the Code, is to conserve the usage of the generic name CtenarytainaFerris & Klyver, 1932 for a genus of psyllids (Insecta, Hemiptera) from tropical and subtropical regions around the world. This name, which has been used in hundreds of works in recent decades, is threatened by a purported senior synonym, EurhinocolaCrawford, 1912. This genus was erected for Eurhinocola gravelyiCrawford, 1912 from Myanmar, a species that has not been mentioned since then in the literature except in catalogues. In 2020 the two genera were formally synonymized. Besides those already mentioned, only three other substantial publications on Eurhinocola have appeared, all between 1924 and 1937 and all pertaining to Eurhinocola eucalypti (Maskell, 1890). Using the senior synonym Eurhinocola would lead to nomenclatural instability and confusion, particularly with respect to two economically important species that are classified now in Ctenarytaina. We therefore request a reversal of precedence under the Commission's plenary power, with Ctenarytaina to be given precedence over Eurhinocola whenever the two are considered to be synonyms.

Queiroziella gen. nov., a new genus of Psylloidea (Psyllidae, Ciriacreminae), is erected for five new species developing on the multipurpose tree Mimosa scabrella (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade): viz. Queiroziella erato sp. nov., Q. euterpe sp. nov., Q. melpomone sp. nov., Q. terpsichore sp. nov. and Q. thalia sp. nov. Another species from Paraguay, associated with an unidentified Mimosa species, is transferred to the new genus as Queiroziella borealis (Burckhardt, 1987), comb. nov., from Zonopelma (Aphalaroidinae). The new taxa are diagnosed, described and illustrated, and keys are provided for the identification of adults and immatures. Morphologically, Queiroziella resembles Heteropsylla which is also associated with mimosoid legumes and with which it may be closely related. As their host, the new species are restricted to Southern Brazil. Queiroziella euterpe, Q. melpomone and Q. terpsichore are reported from the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and São Paulo, Q. thalia from Paraná and São Paulo, and Q. erato from Paraná. No clear phenological patterns were found though it seems that high psyllid populations coincide with new flush of the host plants. Despite that the psyllids occur sometimes in very high numbers, no visible damage could be detected on host trees. On the other hand, the honeydew of the psyllids may provide a food source for honey-bees during non-flowering periods of Mimosa scabrella.

Diaphorina is a species-rich genus, native to the tropics and subtropics of the Old World, particularly of more arid regions. One of the species, Diaphorina citri, is the economically most important pest of citrus. Diaphorina species are morphologically similar which makes their identification difficult. In this study, the accuracy of DNA barcoding, using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), geometric morphometrics of the forewing and digital image processing methods were tested for identification of the three Diaphorina species: D. chobauti, D. citri and D. zygophylli. Moreover, the published COI sequences of D. citri, D. communis and D. lycii obtained from Genbank were used for cluster analyses. DNA barcodes for D. chobauti and D. zygophylli are deposited in Genbank for the first time. The results of the molecular and geometric morphometric analyses are congruent and place D. chobauti as the sister taxon of the other Diaphorina species. The geometric morphometric analysis shows that in D. zygophylli the fore margin is slightly curved proximally and sharply bent distally, while in D. chobauti and D. citri it is straight proximally and weakly bent distally. The results of digital image processing show that the distribution of the dark pattern differs consistently in the three studied species.

The Neotropical species of the predominantly north temperate genus Aphalara are reviewed. Four species are recorded here from this region, two of which are described as new. Aphalara ritterisp. nov. occurs in southern Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina) and represents the first and only species reported from South America. A second new species, Aphalara ortegaesp. nov., is described from Mexico and Puerto Rico. Another two species, Aphalara persicaria Caldwell, 1937 and A. similaCaldwell, 1937, have been previously reported from Mexico and the USA, and one of them also from Cuba. The two new species are both associated with Persicaria hydropiperoides and P. punctata (Polygonaceae) on which the immatures induce leaf roll galls. The two new species are morphologically similar to A. persicaria, to which they are probably closely related. A key is provided for the adults and immatures of the Neotropical species of Aphalara.

The Brazilian species of Mitrapsylla, a Neotropical genus of jumping plant-lice, are reviewed. Twenty-seven species are described as new, and one species originally described from Panama is recorded for the first time from Brazil. This brings the number of Brazilian species from 12 to 40 and for the Neotropical region to 51. The new species are illustrated and Mitrapsylla ceplaciensis (White & Hodkinson), M. cubana Crawford and M. itaparica (Crawford) are redescribed. A key for the identification of males is provided for the Brazilian species and information is given on host-plants, habitat and distribution. Host-plants, all Leguminosae, are confirmed for 15 of the new species. The genus is predominantly tropical but extends into the subtropical states in South Brazil.

In a faunistic survey of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) in the province of Kerman, Iran, in 2016‒2017, one undescribed species, Cacopsylla paraspiculata Lashkari & Burckhardt, sp. nov., and one species new for Iran, Colposcenia orientalis (Klimaszewski, 1970), were collected. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the two species as well as for Craspedolepta tadshikistanica Baeva, 1973. A revised checklist of jumping plant-lice from Kerman including 40 species of five families and 18 genera is presented based on literature records and recently collected material.

The Detarieae, a small tribe of tropical arborescent Leguminosae, has been reported as host of two species of jumping plant-lice: the Neotropical Macrocorsa beeryi (Caldwell) on Hymenaea courbaril and the Afrotropical Retroacizzia mopanei (Pettey) on Colophospermum mopane. Here we add from Brazil 18 new species of Colophorina, Jataiba gen. nov. and Mitrapsylla from Copaifera, as well as nine species of Jataiba gen. nov. and Platycorypha from Hymenaea. In addition to Jataiba, a new genus which is created for five new species on Copaifera and one on Hymenaea, we erect the new genus Apsyllopsis for Psyllopsis mexicana, which is synonymised with Psyllia beeryi Caldwell. Two new combinations are proposed: Apsyllopsis mexicana (Crawford), comb. nov. from Psyllopsis, and Epiacizzia favis (Brown Hodkinson), comb. nov. from Euphalerus. The new taxa are described and illustrated, and keys are provided for the identification of adults and immatures, as far as known. Immatures of Apsyllopsis and Colophorina induce galls on the leaves whereas those of the other taxa are free-living. Colophorina spp. seem to be monophagous whereas members of the other genera tend to be oligophagous. All host species are associated with two or more psyllid species. Copaifera langsdorffii, which hosts 11 species of three genera, constitutes a super-host.

Pear psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Psyllidae: Cacopsylla spp.) belong to the most serious pests of pear (Pyrus spp.). They damage pear trees by excessive removal of phloem sap, by soiling the fruits with honeydew which, in turn, provides a substrate for sooty mould, and by transmission of Candidatus Phytoplasma spp., the causal agents of the pear decline disease. The morphological similarity, the presence of seasonal dimorphism that affects adult colour, size and wing morphology and uncritical use of species names, led to much confusion in the taxonomy of pear psyllids. As a result, pear psyllids have been frequently misidentified. Many of the entries attributed to Cacopsylla pyricola and other species in the GenBank are misidentifications which led to additional, unnecessary confusion. Here we analysed DNA barcodes of 11 pear psyllid species from eastern Asia, Europe and Iran using four mitochondrial gene fragments (COI 658 bp, COI 403 bp, COI-tRNAleu-COII 580 bp and 16S rDNA 452 bp). The efficiency of identification was notably high and considerable barcoding gaps were observed in all markers. Our results confirm the synonymies of the seasonal forms of Cacopsylla jukyungi ( = C. cinereosignata, winter form) and C. maculatili ( = C. qiuzili, summer form) previously suggested based on morphology. Some previous misidentifications (C. chinensis from China, Japan and Korea = misidentification of C. jukyungi; C. pyricola and C. pyrisuga from East Asia = misidentification of C. jukyungi and C. burckhardti, respectively; C. pyricola from Iran = misidentification of C. bidens, C. pyri and Cacopsylla sp.) are also corrected. There is no evidence for the presence of European pear psyllid species in East Asia.

The moss bugs of the Peloridiidae, a small group of cryptic and mostly flightless insects, is the only living family in Coleorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera). Today 37 species in 17 genera are known from eastern Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia and Patagonia, and the peloridiids are thereby a group with a classical southern Gondwanan distribution. To explicitly test whether the present-day distribution of the Peloridiidae actually results from the sequential breakup of southern Gondwana, we provide the first total-evidence phylogenetic study based on morphological and molecular characters sampled from about 75% of recognized species representing 13 genera. The results largely confirm the established morphological phylogenetic context except that South American Peloridium hammoniorum constitutes the sister group to the remaining peloridiids. A timescale analysis indicates that the Peloridiidae began to diversify in the land mass that is today's Patagonia in the late Jurassic (153 Ma, 95% highest posterior density: 78-231 Ma), and that splitting into the three extant well-supported biogeographical clades (i.e. Australia, Patagonia and New Zealand/New Caledonia) is consistent with the sequential breakup of southern Gondwana in the late Cretaceous, indicating that the current transoceanic disjunct distributions of the Peloridiidae are best explained by a Gondwanan vicariance hypothesis.

The confused taxonomy of the east Palaearctic pear psyllids, serious pests on cultivated pear, is reviewed. Fifty-six nominal species have been reported from Pyrus, 25 of which we consider valid and ten as not being associated with Pyrus. Our taxonomic revision suggests that, in Korea, four Cacopsylla species develop on pear: the univoltine C. burckhardti Luo et al. previously misidentified as C. pyrisuga (Foerster), the polyvoltine, seasonally dimorphic C. jukyungi (Kwon) (winter form ‘cinereosignata’ Luo et al., summer form ‘jukyungi’), commonly found in Korean pear orchards, and C. maculatili Li (winter form ‘maculatili’, summer form ‘qiuzili’ Li) previously misidentified as C. pyricola (Foerster) by some authors, as well as the probably polyvoltine but not dimorphic C. sandolbaea (Park & Lee). The former three species (C. burckhardti, C. jukyungi, misidentified as C. chinensis (Yang & Li), and C. maculatili) occur also in Japan. Keys to the adult and fifth instar immatures as well as short biological notes are provided, and C. jukyungi and C. sandolbaea are redescribed. Following nomenclatorial changes are proposed: Cacopsylla betulaefoliae (Yang & Li, 1981) = Psylla heterobetulaefoliae Yang & Li, 1981, syn. nov.; Cacopsylla bidens (Šulc, 1907) = Psylla jiangli Yang & Li, 1981, syn. nov.; Cacopsylla jukyungi (Kwon) = C. cinereosignata Luo et al., syn. nov.; Cacopsylla maculatili Li = C. qiuzili Li, syn. nov.; Cacopsylla nigella (Konovalova), comb. nov. from Psylla. The synonymy of P. obongsana Kwon with C. sandolbaea is confirmed.

Four newTriozaspecies associated with mistletoes are described, diagnosed and illustrated from Brazil and Chile. They are monophagous on the LoranthaceaeStruthanthusuraguensis(Triozastruthanthisp. n.),Tripodanthusacutifolius(Triozatripodanthisp. n.) and narrowly oligophagous onTristerixspp. (Triozatristericissp. n.). For a fourth species (Triozavagatasp. n.) host information is unavailable but its association with mistletoes is likely. The four species form a putative monophyletic group, together with three North American species (TriozaacuminataTuthill,T.incidataTuthill andT.phorodendraeTuthill), based on the apically incised paramere, the highly modified valvulae of the female ovipositor and the host association with mistletoes.T.acuminatastat. n. from California is raised to species rank (originally described as subspecies ofT.phorodendrae). TheTriozastruthanthi-group is diagnosed and a key for the identification of its constituent members is provided. New host data are provided forCalophyasp. from Brazil as well as forNotophorinafuscaBurckhardt andZonopelmaaustralisBurckhardt from Chile. Host plant and biogeographical patterns of mistletoe feeding psyllids around the world are briefly discussed.

The jumping plant-lice of Laos are reviewed based on material collected during recent expeditions by the Moravian Museum (1997–2011), the Naturhistorisches Museum Basel (2003–2012) and the Seoul National University (2012–2015). To date, only three psyllid species, viz. Diaphorina citri, Heteropsylla cubana and Pseudophacopteron tuberculatum, have been recorded from Laos. In the material at hand, 49 species (of 6 families and 27 genera) are represented. This collection includes the three previously reported species and 22 species reported for the first time from Laos. Twenty-four species are identified only to genus due to insufficient material. The following nomenclatorial changes are formally proposed: Insnesia drypetisuga ( Li, 2004 ), comb. nov. (from Auchmerina); Insnesia longitaenialis (Li, 2011 ), comb. nov. (from Auchmerina); Insnesia maculosa (Fang & Yang, 1986 ), comb. rev. (from Auchmerina); Insnesia yunnanensis (Li, 2011 ), comb. nov. (from Auchmerina); Trioza maculata (Yang, 1984 ) = Triozopsis ruiliensis Li, 2011 , syn. nov.

Daniel Burckhardt (2020): Entomologische Gesellschaft Basel (EGB). Entomo Helvetica 13: 199-201, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8010807

Species of Agonoscena (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) are key pests of pistachio in all of the most important pistachio producing countries in the Old World. The efficiency and accuracy of DNA barcoding for the identification of Agonoscena species were tested using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mtCO1) and cytochrome b (cytb) gene sequences. Moreover, morphometric sexual dimorphism was studied. Finally, the potential geographical distribution of Agonoscena pistaciae, the most important pistachio pest, was calculated using the MaxEnt model. Similar relationships of clustering were found in the morphometric analysis and the molecular analyses with mtCO1 and cytb genes, with A. bimaculata and A. pistaciae being closely related, and A. pegani constituting their sister group. Although the results showed that the cytb gene is a better marker for barcoding in this group, the mtCO1 gene clearly separates the three psyllid species making mtCO1 suitable for diagnostic purposes. A geometric morphometric analysis showed that the distance between landmark number 7 (bifurcation of vein M) to the fore margin of the forewing, and the distance between landmarks number 6 (apex of vein Cu1b) and 11 (wing base), are the most important geometric characters for diagnosing the studied species. Moreover, the forewing shape of males vs females is similar in A. pistaciae and A. bimaculata but differs significantly in A. pegani. In the ecological niche modeling of the distribution of A. pistaciae, the most important contribution was made by the variable 'minimum temperature of coldest period'. The most suitable areas for A. pistaciae are restricted to Eastern, Southern and some parts of Central Iran.

Aroeira ou pimenta rosa, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Anacardaceae), planta nativa da Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai é uma das plantas daninhas mais invasivas na Flórida. Em sua região de origem, pelo menos 4 espécies de psilídeos do gênero Calophya (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) estão associados a esta planta. Todas as quatro espécies são monófagas e provavelmente constituem um grupo monofilético que induzem galhas lenticulares abertas, usualmente na face superior da folha. Aqui a taxonomia das 4 espécies é revisada, 2 das quais são descritas como novas, C. lutea sp. nov. e C. praestigiator sp. nov. Diferenças morfológicas entre as 4 espécies são detalhadas e estruturas relevantes são ilustradas. Fornecemos chave para identificação de adultos e imaturos de quinto instar para as 8 espécies conhecidas como indutoras de galhas em espécies de Schinus. Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-29T01:37:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2018DalvaFETaxonomy.pdf: 14574224 bytes, checksum: bdd91c2158f8f36e9cc15403aec50352 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-28

Bactericera gobica (Loginova) is reported for the first time from Korea on Chinese boxthorn, Lycium chinense Mill. In North and Northeast China, B. gobica is an important pest of boxthorn (Lycium chinense and L. barbarum) whose fruits, known as wolfberry or goji berry, are used in traditional medicine. B. gobica is diagnosed and illustrations of taxonomically relevant structures are provided along with information on its biology. Worldwide 17 psyllid species are associated with Lycium. These belong to the genera Bactericera (5 spp.), Diaphorina (2 spp.) and Trioza (1 sp.) in the Old World as well as Bactericera (2 spp.) and Russelliana (7 spp., including 5 undescribed spp.) in the New World. One species of each Bactericera and Russelliana is polyphagous which is very rare in psyllids.

The records of the jumping plant-lice previously published under Carsidara shikokuensis (Miyatake, 1981) from Japan and C. marginalis Walker, 1869 from Korea are critically reviewed. It is concluded that both refer to the same species that is associated with Firmiana simplex (L.) W.Wight (Malvaceae). Carsidara shikokuensis shows no relevant morphological differences to C. limbata (Enderlein, 1926), and the two are synonymised: Carsidara limbata (Enderlein, 1926) = Carsidara shikokuensis (Miyatake, 1981) syn. nov. A record of C. marginalis from Korea is a misidentification of C. limbata . The latter is diagnosed and illustrated and differences to the former are discussed. The immatures of C . limbata are free-living on the leaves of Firmiana simplex and particularly the older instars secrete large amounts of flocculent wax and honeydew. Information on its potential usage as biological control agent of invasive Firmiana simplex in North America is briefly discussed.

Two species of Calophya (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) were previously reported from Mexico: Calophya dicksoni Jensen associated with Fouquieria columnaris Kellogg ex Curran (Ericales: Fouquieriaceae) and Calophya schini Tuthill associated with Schinus molle L. (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae). Here, a 3rd species, Calophya spondiadis sp. nov. from hog plum, Spondias purpurea L. (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), is described and illustrated. The immatures do not induce galls on the host. They are polyphenic with respect to the presence or absence of long asperate processes on head, thorax, wing pads, and abdomen which is unusual and so far known only for Calophya californica Schwarz. The original description of C. dicksoni is supplemented and the current status of C. schini is discussed.

The first jumping plant-louse from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber is described as Mirala burmanica gen. et sp. nov. The absence of modified hind legs places the new taxon near the Mesozoic Liadopsyllidae (1 genus, 12 species) and Malmopsyllidae (4 genera, 4 species). The latter is defined by the presence of a pterostigma in the fore wing but is otherwise morphologically heterogeneous. Mirala has a pterostigma but shares also characters with Liadopsyllidae. It is concluded that Malmopsyllidae is polyphyletic and following synonymy is proposed: Liadopsyllidae = Malmopsyllidae syn. nov. Mirala differs from the other five Mesozoic psylloid genera in the straight, subparallel veins Rs, M and Cu1a, the unforked vein M in the fore wing and the straight vein Cu1b which is directed toward the wing base. A key is provided for the identification of the genera of Liadopsyllidae. The new taxon described here represents only the third specimen of Liadopsyllidae preserved in amber, and the fourth species from the Cretaceous (the majority being Jurassic). A member of the plant family Lauraceae is discussed as a possible host plant for the psyllid lineage in Burmese amber.

A checklist comprising information on taxonomy, distribution and host plants is provided for 161 species of jumping plant-lice from the Indian subcontinent (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka) based on published records and museum material. In addition there are 15 species recorded in the literature which are identified to genus only. Museum material provides eight new country and two new state (within India) records. The taxonomy is updated and following nomenclatorial acts are proposed: new genus (1), new generic synonymies (2), designation of type species (1), new species synonymies (5), replacement names for primary homonyms at species level (3), new status of subspecies (3), new combinations (23). Toonapsylla Burckhardt, gen. nov. is described for Psylla cedrelae (Kieffer, 1905). The new genus belongs to Mastigimatinae (Calophyidae) and is probably closest related to Bharatiana and Mastigimas, both associated with Cedrela and Toona (Meliaceae). The new genus is diagnosed and a key is provided for the world genera of Mastigimatinae. The Neoptropical genus Allophorina Hodkinson is transferred here from Mastigimatinae (Calophyidae) to Psyllinae (Psyllidae).

Moriphila furva Burckhardt & Cho, gen. and sp. nov., is described from the mountain region in north eastern South Korea. Adults were collected on Morus australis which is a likely host. We provide morphological evidence that the new monotypic genus constitutes the probable sister group of the afrotropical Phytolyma whose species develop on Milicia and Morus (Moraceae). Differences between the two genera are detailed and the phylogenetic relationships to other members of Homotomidae: Macrohomotominae, to which the new genus belongs, are discussed. The host relationships of Psylloidea associated with Moraceae are reviewed. The latter constitutes the fifth most important host taxon of Psylloidea even though it is only a moderately large family of angiosperms in terms of constituent species. Moraceae have been colonised by psyllids at least five times independently. Following new combinations are proposed: Homotoma brevis (Li, 1993), comb. nov. and Homotoma microphyllae (Li & Yang, 1991), comb. nov. (both from Caenohomotoma Yang & Li, 1981).

Two eucalypt-feeding psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Aphalaridae): the eucalypt shoot psyllid, Blastopsylla occidentalis Taylor and the red gum lerp psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore are reported from Israel for the first time. Both species belong to Spondyliaspidinae, a subfamily of jumping plant lice that feed generally on Myrtaceae, mainly eucalypts. The psyllids were collected from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., a dominant eucalypt species in Israel. A summary ofthe globaldistributionand the host trees of the two psyllids are provided and their potential threat to eucalypts in Israel is discussed. Diagnostic information to distinguish between the two psyllids is presented, with an identification key for the adults of six eucalypt-feeding psyllid species in the Western Palearc- tic region.

Little is known about the jumping plant-lice of Brazil from where seven families, 45 genera and 76 species have been previously reported, but estimates suggest that there may be as many as 1,000 species. This study reports 34 species of Psylloidea which were collected along the edges of Amazon?Cerrado natural transitional forests in the municipality of Sorriso, state of Mato Grosso, from August 2013 to July 2014. Of the species reported in this study only nine represent described taxa, two of which are reported for the first time from Mato Grosso.hardt et al. 2013; Mazzardo 2014; Mazzardo et al. 2016): the two introduced eucalypt pests Blastopsylla occidentalis and Glycaspis brimblecombei, the three Fabaceae feeders Euphalerus clitoriae, Isogonoceraia divergipennis and Macrocorsa beeryi, the Toona pest Mastigimas anjosi, and the Nectandra psylloid Limataphalara lautereri. To improve the apparent lack of knowledge, a survey of the psylloid fauna of the edges of Amazon?Cerrado native transitional forests was conducted in Sorriso, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Here we present a commented inventory of the species encountered during the dry and rainy seasons.

Daniel Burckhardt (2017): Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft (Seg). Entomo Helvetica 10: 201-202, {"references":["Burckhardt D. 2008. 150 Jahre SEG und entomologische Forschung in der Schweiz. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 81: 115"]}

The hispidus species group is formed for four new species from East Asia of the genus Plagiophorus Motschulsky: P. hispidussp. nov., P. hlavacisp. nov., P. serratussp. nov., and P. grandoculatussp. nov. Uncoated specimens were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and micrographs of the holotypes are presented. Keys to the species groups of the genus occurring in East Asia and to the species of the hispidus group are given. The hispidus group is probably monophyletic, having peculiar spinous setae on the male metasternum. The chaetotaxy of the labrum and clypeus is useful for distinguishing species of Plagiophorus.

The patterns of sperm formation in sternorrhynchous jumping plant-lice are reviewed. To date information is available for 143 species belonging to 54 genera, 17 subfamilies and seven of the eight psylloid families (only Phacopteronidae is not represented). For the majority of the taxa (116 species, 39 genera, 10 subfamilies and the families Calophyidae, Carsidaridae and Liviidae) the data presented here is new and is based exclusively on studies using light microscopy. Five distinct patterns of chromatin reorganisation during metamorphosis of spermatids into spermatozoa are recognised, described and named here types I-V. Types I and III were previously known, types II, IV and V are described here for the first time for jumping plant-lice. The most widespread is type I which is found in every family representing the plesiomorphic condition of spermiogenesis in Psylloidea. Types III and V are autapomorphic for the Aphalarinae and Spondyliaspidinae, respectively. Type IV was found only in two genera of Euphyllurinae and may represent a synapomorphy. Type II occurs in several unrelated subfamilies and is interpreted as a homoplasy. The patterns of sperm formation are stable within most of the examined subfamilies and can be used, to a certain extent, to elucidate phylogenetic relationships within Psylloidea.

Homotoma eastopi Hollis & Broomfield 1989, previously described from Bamenda (Northwest Region, Cameroon) with unknown immatures and host plants is presently reported from Yaounde (Centre Region, Cameroon), on several species of the genus Ficus on which adults and immatures feed. The last instar immature is described and illustrated; taxonomically relevant morphological details of the adults are illustrated, especially on the head, and male and female terminalia. The host plant range and information on its biology are also given.

RESUMO: A ocorrência de Isogonoceraia divergipennis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) foi constatada no estado de Mato Grosso, associada a Poincianella pluviosa (Fabaceae). Até o momento a distribuição da I. divergipennis estava restrita aos estados da Bahia, Minas Gerais, Paraná e São Paulo e esse resultado amplia a área de distribuição do inseto para a região centro-oeste do Brasil. O material de estudo foi obtido em Sorriso, Mato Grosso (S12º32'42,78'', W55º43'32,10") e as coletas foram realizadas no período de setembro de 2013 a maio de 2014. ABSTRACT: Isogonoceraia divergipennis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) associated with Poincianella pluviosa (Fabaceae) was recorded in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, for the first time. Previously, I. divergipennis was known only in the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais, Paraná and São Paulo. Our results extend the known area of distribution of the insect to central-western Brazil. The studied material was from Sorriso, Mato Grosso (S12º32'42.78'', W55º43'32.10"), collected from September 2013 to May 2014.

The psyllid Leptynoptera sulfurea Crawford (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae) is reported for the first time from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands located in the Indian Ocean. It is associated with the tree Calophyllum inophyllum L. (Calophyllaceae). It is the only species of psyllid currently known from these islands.

1 BACKGROUND The arrival of alien insects is frequently associated with the introduction of alien plants. Two exotic Psylloidea native to Australia [Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Maskell, 1890) and Ctenarytaina spatulata Taylor, 1997] were recorded during a two-year survey in five apple orchards located in Asturias, on the northern coast of Spain. Both species develop on Eucalyptus, but our results suggest that the adults feed also on apple. 2 RESULTS The captures of adult Ctenarytaina, particularly C. spatulata (2191 individuals vs 100 of C. eucalypti) were higher than those of the psyllids that develop on apple. Both species occurred in all sites, including those most distant from the eucalypt plantations. Their abundance peaks matched with two crucial periods in the apple tree cycle: sprouting and leaf drop. The hypothesis that the adult eucalypt psyllids feed on apple is supported by the presence of a phytoplasma, the causal agent of the apple proliferation disease, in one specimen of each species. This phytoplasma can be only acquired after feeding on an infected apple tree. This is the first report of continuous captures of these psyllids in apple orchards. 3 CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that adults of the two Ctenarytaina species feed in apple orchards in Asturias. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry

The taxonomy and systematics of European house spiders, currently constituting the ill-defined Tegenaria−Malthonica complex (including Aterigena) in the family Agelenidae, are revised. In Europe four monophyletic genera and 81 species are defined. One genus, Eratigena gen. nov., and seven species are described as new; at species level 17 new synonyms and 20 new combinations are proposed, and the original combination of 14 species is reinstated. Five species could not be placed (incertae sedis) because of insufficient material and one taxon is regarded as ‘nomen dubium’. On the basis of a detailed morphological assessment, 88 characters were chosen for a cladistic analysis. Phylogenetically informative characters include mostly spination patterns as well as spinneret and genital structures. In addition to morphology, three gene sections [cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NADH1) 28S] were analysed. Morphological and molecular analyses were performed individually and in combination applying maximum parsimony and Bayesian tree search methods. In all resulting trees Malthonica and Tegenaria in their present composition are either polyphyletic or paraphyletic. Consequently, we redefined the two genera and erected a new genus, Eratigena gen. nov. Identification keys are provided for the European agelenid genera as well as for the European species of Tegenaria and Eratigena gen. nov. The genera and most of the constituent species are described and illustrated. The new classification has also been applied to some extra European members of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex resulting in additional three new synonyms, seven reversals to the original combination, and four new combinations. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London

Psidium myrtoides (Myrtaceae) shelters the gall inducer Nothotrioza myrtoidis gen. et sp. n. (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) which is described and illustrated here. Nothotrioza belongs to the family Triozidae and is probably most closely related to Neolithus, a monotypic Neotropical genus associated with Sapium (Euphorbiaceae). Three species are recognized with-in Nothotrioza: the type species N. myrtoidis sp. n. associated with Psidium myrtoides, N. cattleiani sp. n. (misidentified by Butignol & Pedrosa-Macedo as Neotrioza tavaresi) with Psidium cattleianum, and N. tavaresi (Crawford) comb. n. (from Neotrioza) with an unidentified species of Malpighiaceae, respectively. A lectotype is designated here for Neotrioza tavaresi. Also, the diversity of insect galls associated with P. myrtoides and the biology of N. myrtoidis were examined. N. myrtoidis presents five instars and an annual life cycle synchronised with the phenology of P. myrtoides. Gall size was proportional to the insect developmental stages, and rates of parasitism and mortality were 15.7 % and 29.8 %, respective-ly. The red colour is an important macroscopic diagnostic feature of the gall that could be associated with parasite-free condition of the galling insect. The biological features presented by the system Psidium myrtoides – Nothotrioza myrtoidis are in accordance with other systems involving sucking galling insects, however, it is exceptional by its univoltine life cycle associated with a perennial plant in the Neotropics. The galls induced by the three known Nothotrioza spp. are mor-phologically similar, i.e. closed, globoid and unilocular, as well as the opening mechanism for releasing the adults.

Summary Many hemipterans are associated with symbiotic bacteria, which are usually found intracellularly in specific bacteriomes. In this study, we provide the first molecular identification of the bacteriome-associated, obligate endosymbiont in a Gondwanan relict insect taxon, the moss bugs (Hemiptera: Coleorrhyncha: Peloridiidae), which represents one of the oldest lineages within the Hemiptera. Endosymbiotic associations of fifteen species of the family were analysed, covering representatives from South America, Australia/Tasmania and New Zealand. Phylogenetic analysis based on four kilobases of 16S–23S rRNA gene fragments showed that the obligate endosymbiont of Peloridiidae constitute a so far unknown group of Gammaproteobacteria which is named here ‘Candidatus Evansia muelleri’. They are related to the sternorrhynchous endosymbionts Candidatus Portiera and Candidatus Carsonella. Comparison of the primary-endosymbiont and host (COI + 28S rRNA) trees showed overall congruence indicating co-speciation the hosts and their symbionts. The distribution of the endosymbiont within the insect body and its transmission was studied using FISH. The endosymbionts were detected endocellularly in a pair of bacteriomes as well as in the ‘symbiont ball’ of the posterior pole of each developing oocyte. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis of the Malpighian tubules revealed that most host nuclei are infected by an endosymbiotic, intranuclear bacterium that was determined as an Alphaproteobacterium of the genus Rickettsia.

Ctenarytaina bipartita sp.n., associated with Eucalyptus kitsoniana and E. viminalis, is described from the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania and Victoria. It differs from other described Ctenarytaina species in the paramere which bears a small posterior lobe. Taxonomically relevant morphological details are illustrated and the species is diagnosed from other eucalypt inhabiting congeners. Information on the biology is also given. C. bipartita has the po-tential to become an exported pest species to countries with significant eucalypt plantations.

Food security is threatened by newly emerging pests with increased invasive potential accelerated through globalization. The Neotropical jumping plant louse Russelliana solanicola Tuthill is currently a localized potato pest and probable vector of plant pathogens. It is an unusually polyphagous species and is widely distributed in and along the Andes. To date, introductions have been detected in eastern Argentina, southern Brazil and Uruguay. Species distribution models (SDMs) and trait comparisons based on contemporary and historical collections are used to estimate the potential spread of R. solanicola worldwide. We also extend our analyses to all described species in the genus Russelliana in order to assess the value of looking beyond pest species to predict pest spread. We investigate the extent to which data on geographical range and environmental niche can be effectively extracted from museum collections for comparative analyses of pest and non-pest species in Russelliana. Our results indicate that R. solanicola has potential for invasion in many parts of the world with suitable environmental conditions that currently have or are anticipated to increase potato cultivation. Large geographical ranges are characteristic of a morphological subgeneric taxon group that includes R. solanicola; this same group also has a larger environmental breadth than other groups within the genus. Ecological modelling using museum collections provides a useful tool for identifying emerging pests and developing integrated pest management programs.