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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has produced significant health emergencies worldwide, resulting in the declaration by the World Health Organization of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Acute respiratory syndrome seems to be the most common manifestation of COVID-19. A high proportion of patients require intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation (MV) to survive. It has been well established that angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) is the primary cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 belongs to the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), composed of several peptides, such as angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin (1-7) (Ang-(1-7)). Both peptides regulate muscle mass and function. It has been described that SARS-CoV-2 infection, by direct and indirect mechanisms, affects a broad range of organ systems. In the skeletal muscle, through unbalanced RAS activity, SARS-CoV-2 could induce severe consequences such as loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical function, which will delay and interfere with the recovery process of patients with COVID-19. This article discusses the relationship between RAS, SARS-CoV-2, skeletal muscle, and the potentially harmful consequences for skeletal muscle in patients currently infected with and recovering from COVID-19.

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the efficacy of physical exercise on strength, muscle mass and physical function in adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).DesignWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seven studies to investigate the effect of exercise training interventions in muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance.Data sourcesWe identified relevant randomised controlled trials (RCT) in electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus).Eligibility criteriaWe selected seven RCTs from 66 screened studies. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed and English writing articles that included adult patients with liver disease of non-alcoholic origin, applied resistance training, endurance training or both, and assayed at least one variable of sarcopenia.ResultsPhysical performance criterion improved in the exercise groups (mean differences [MD] 8.26 mL/Kg*min [95% CI 5.27 to 11.24 mL/Kg*min], p < 0.0001) versus the control groups; muscle mass, determined as lean body mass (LBM), showed no evidence of the beneficial effects of exercise versus the control groups (MD 1.01 Kg [95% CI −1.78 to 3.80 Kg], p = 0.48); we did not include muscle strength, as none of the selected studies evaluated it.Summary/conclusionExercise training is a useful intervention strategy to treat sarcopenia in patients with NAFLD; it increases their physical performance in the form of aerobic capacity but does not affect LBM. Future research should include muscle strength assessments and resistance training to evaluate the effects of exercise training on sarcopenia in NAFLD patients.PROSPERO reference number CRD42020191471

Finalizando el siglo XIX y hacia las primeras décadas del siglo XX, en el marco de la Escuela Nueva, surgieron algunos interrogantes que intentaron responder distintos intelectuales de la época acerca de la infancia escolarizada y la intelección sobre la manera de comprender al niño. Entre ellos, Piaget aportó desde su perspectiva una teoría acerca de la inteligencia del niño y del cómo se desarrolla al preguntarse: ¿cómo aprenden los menores? Sus respuestas fueron asumidas en la discusión sobre la Escuela y la forma en la que se veía al infante, lo que contribuyó a una transformación de la escolarización de los infantes a nivel mundial y nacional, pues sus aportes han perdurado hasta nuestros días. Por esta razón, PIAGET Y LA DISCUSIÓN SOBRE LA INTELIGENCIA. UN ANÁLISIS AL TEXTO EL DESARROLLO DE LA INTELIGENCIA EN EL NIÑO (1936) es una investigación cuyo fin es comprender y analizar el discurso de Piaget en cuanto a las categorías de inteligencia, infancia y escuela. At the end of the 19th century and towards the first decades of the 20th century, within the framework of the New School, some questions arose that different intellectuals of the time tried to answer concerning schooled childhood and intellection about how to understand the child. Among them, Piaget contributed from his perspective a theory about the intelligence of the child and how it develops by asking: How do children learn? His responses were assumed in the discussion about the School and the way in which the infant is analyzed, which contributed to a transformation of the schooling of infants at worldwide and national levels, so that his contributions have lasted to this day. For this reason, PIAGET AND THE DISCUSSION ON INTELLIGENCE. AN ANALYSIS TO THE TEXT THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENCE IN THE CHILD (1936) is an investigation whose purpose is to understand and analyze Piaget's discourse regarding the categories of intelligence, childhood and school. N/A

Background and Aims Uremic toxins which are retained in ESRD include small solutes to large middle molecules. Large middle molecules play significant roles in immune modulation and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Expanded hemodialysis (HDx) enabled by innovative medium cut-off (MCO) membrane more effectively removes large uremic toxins vs current dialytic therapies. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of MCO dialyzer in large middle molecules removal and pre-dialysis albumin levels after 24 weeks of treatment. Method This was an exploratory, prospective observational, multicenter cohort study. Prevalent patients on HD therapy for at least 90 days at the Renal Care Services (RCS) were included between June 6, 2018, to June 14, 2018. Uremic toxins removal was evaluated by measuring the reduction ratio (RR) of free light chains (FLC) κ, λ, Interleukin (IL) 6, IL-10, β2 Microglobulin (β2 M) and fibroblastic factor 23 (FGF-23) at 12 weeks ( w) of treatment, as well as the change in predialysis midweek serum level of β2M, FGF-23, factor XIV activity, and VII at baseline, 12 w and 24 w of treatment. A mixed-model repeated measures analysis (MMRM) was performed to identify statistical differences over time Results The RR of κ-FLC, λ-FLC, β2 M, and FGF-23 at week 12 showed a reduction between 46-72%; while in IL-6 RR was not significantly changed (Table 2). Predialysis serum levels decreased for β2m, FLCs and IL-6 and FGF 23 (Table 3). The decrease in albumin was within 5% from baseline. Twenty-two adverse events (AEs) occurred during the follow-up period; No AEs during HDx were deemed related to MCO membrane use. Conclusion MCO dialyzers are safe and effective in removing large MMs and decrease in the uremic toxins levels.

40 páginas Cómo saber cuán buena es la calidad de la educación en Colombia? Esta es la pregunta que se formularon los expertos en medición y pedagogía a principios de la década del ochenta, ante la necesidad de desarrollar indicadores que permitieran evaluar la calidad de los programas ofrecidos a lo largo del país. A pesar de que en esa época el Instituto Colombiano para el Fomento de la Educación Superior (Icfes) hacía pruebas de ingreso a la educación superior, no se evaluaba a los estudiantes en el momento de egresar para determinar la calidad de la formación recibida en su paso por las universidades públicas (Icfes, 2019). La travesía de implementar un modelo de evaluación de la educación inició con pequeños muestreos en municipios de todo el país. En estos se pretendía detectar el desarrollo de capacidades y competencias, para brindar un insumo a las instituciones de educación y que estas pudieran diseñar estrategias para cumplir con los estándares de calidad esperados para la época (Icfes, 2019). Una vez establecidas las primeras metodologías muestrales, el sistema adquirió un carácter más robusto que, a inicios del presente siglo, permitió censar a todos los estudiantes colombianos mediante los exámenes de calidad de la educación nacional en Colombia (Ecaes) (Icfes, 2019). Con el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y el mejoramiento de la cobertura de Internet en el ámbito nacional, la tarea del Icfes se ha modernizado para diligenciar digitalmente los procesos de inscripción y recaudo. En el año 2009 se instituyó el mecanismo de las pruebas Saber como un sistema transversal a todos los niveles educativos (Icfes, 2019). CEIPS. Pruebas Saber: más allá de una evaluación... 1 Camila Garzón Emprendimiento: una oportunidad para el desarrollo profesional ..3 Carlos Alberto Gómez Rada Semilleros Semillas de Infancia. ..5 Leidy Natalia García; María Paula García; Jefferson Morales; Stiven Pérez; Paola Remolina; Karol Salinas Líder Juan Carlos Sarmiento Reyes Relación entre habilidades de inhibición y comportamiento altruista ...9 Leidy Johana Álvarez Leguizamón Líder: David Aguilar Análisis estadístico de la violencia interpersonal durante los años 2015, 2016 y 2017...14 Natalia Rodríguez Garnica; Paula Virginia Torres Pachón Líder: Ever José López Cantera Adolescencia, juventud y el Sistema de responsabilidad penal para adolescentes (SRPA) en Colombia ...19 Xiomara González Alarcón Líder: Julián Camilo Sarmiento López Niños habitantes de calle. .22 Valentina Quevedo Modificabilidad y enseñanza de la ortografía ...26 John Alejandro Sabogal Ardila, Adriana Carolina Santos Acevedo Líder: Olga Romero Errores de pensamiento: una guía práctica de conocimiento ..28 Karen Yineth Bernal Manrique, Daniela Gualtero Salazar, Jhoan Sebastián López Sepúlveda, Geraldine Sánchez Torres Líder: Olga Romero Empoderamiento lingüístico en el contexto educativo ...29 María Fernanda Trujillo Amaya, Gabriela Gutiérrez Paiba Líder: Olga Romero Enseñanza de la orientación espacial ..32 Daniela Bautista Riveros, Alexandra Forero Cruz, Diana Gómez Forero Líder: Olga Romero Solución de problemas, perspectivas e integración teórica... 35 Cristian Rincón, Valentina Gómez Líder: Olga Romero Deterioro cognitivo leve ...37 Danna Gabriela Aguilar Velandia Líder: Sandra Milena Camelo Roa Medios de comunicación en la salud alimentaria en niños...39 Luisa Fernanda D’Achiardi Gómez, Laura Melissa Arévalo Moreno Líder: Andrés Mauricio Santacoloma Suárez

La Direccion Nacional de Investigacion e Innovacion invita a los docentes investigadores a participar en esta iniciativa para la apropiacion social del conocimiento en medio de la coyuntura que nos aboca a trabajar juntos y a compartir saberes a las comunidades. Serie Podcast "Mi ejercicio academico vs. Covid-19" Introduccion: "La apropiacion social se entiende como un proceso y practica social de construccion colectiva de conocimiento, cuyos integrantes pueden ser individuos, organizaciones o comunidades, que se involucran en interacciones tendientes a intercambiar saberes y experiencias." (Colciencias, 2019, p.77). Objetivo: Consolidar productos de apropiacion social del conocimiento de todos los grupos de investigacion USTA.

In the present paper we introduce a new distributed optimization approach to the solution of general Optimal Power Flow problem for unbalanced and mesh networks. A new convex formulation, based on McCormick Envelopes, is proposed with a decomposition profile and a distributed approach based on proximal coordination. The resulting algorithm is shown to converge with a rate of o(1/τ), where τ is the number of iterations. The approach is validated on a modified IEEE 13 bus network, with added distributed energy resources including distributed generation and demand response.

Electricity demand of electric railways is a relatively unexplored source of flexibility in demand response applications in power systems. In this paper, we propose a transactive control based optimization framework for coordinating the power grid network and the train network. This is accomplished by coordinating dispatchable distributed energy resources and demand profiles of trains using a two-step optimization. A railway based dynamic market mechanism (rDMM) is proposed for the dispatch of distributed energy resources (DER) in the power network along the electric railway using an iterative negotiation process, and generates profiles of electricity prices, and constitutes the first step. The train dispatch attempts minimize the operational costs of trains that ply along the railway, while subject to constraints on their acceleration profiles, route schedules, and the train dynamics, and generates demand profiles of trains and constitutes the second step. The rDMM seeks to optimize the operational costs of the underlying DERs while ensuring power balance. Together, they form an overall framework that yields the desired transactions between the railway and power grid infrastructures. This overall optimization approach is validated using simulation studies of the Southbound Amtrak service along the Northeast Corridor (NEC) in the United States, which shows a 25% reduction in energy costs when compared to standard trip optimization based on minimum work, and a 75% reduction in energy costs when compared to the train cost calculated using a field dataset.

Dynamic trip optimization in electric rail networks is a relatively unexplored topic. In this paper, we propose a transactive controller that includes an optimization framework and a control algorithm that enable minimum cost operation of an electric rail network. The optimization framework attempts to minimize the operational costs for a given electricity price by allowing variations of the trains’ acceleration profiles and therefore their power consumption and energy costs. Constraints imposed by the train dynamics, their schedules, and power consumption are included in this framework. A control algorithm is then proposed to optimize the electricity price through an iterative procedure that combines the desired demand profiles obtained from the optimization framework together with the variations in Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) while ensuring power balance. Together, they form to an overall framework that yields the desired transactions between the railway and power grid infrastructures. This approach is validated using simulation studies of the Southbound Amtrak service along the Northeast Corridor (NEC) between Boston, MA and New Haven, CT in the United States, reducing energy costs by 10% when compared to standard trip optimization based on minimum work.

153 Background: The long-term symptoms from COVID-19 (C19) infection in pts with cancer is not fully known. To monitor the evolution of this symptom burden over time, we designed and implemented a C19-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure that integrated with a known measure of cancer symptom burden. Methods: Within the institutional initiative on C19 and cancer named Data-Driven Determinants for C19 Oncology Discovery Effort (D3CODE), pts with cancer & PCR-pos C19 are invited to participate in this longitudinal study. Pts complete the EQ-5D-5L, the 13 symptom severity & 6 interference items of the core MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI)+14 COVID-specific items, all scored on a 0-10 scale, 0 = none, 10 = worst imaginable. Pts complete the survey daily x 14 days from positive test date, then weekly x 3months, then monthly x 2yrs. Demographic and disease information was collected. Psychometric procedures determined validity and reliability of the MDASI-COVID. Results: Between 5/15/20 – 02/14/21, 2154 pts w PCR-confirmed C19 were invited to participate in the longitudinal study. 1282 (60%) pts provided consent and began the longitudinal completion of PRO surveys. Pts were 54.5% Female and 45.5% Male, median age 59 years (range 15 – 92). 1021 (80%) are White/Caucasian, 206 (16%) Hispanic, 113 (9%) African American, and 39 (3%) Asian. The validation analysis of MDASI-COVID instrument included the 1st 600 pts where the mean overall health rating on EQ-5D-5L was 78.3 (SD 19.6), best being 100. Highest mean (M) severity symptoms on the MDASI-COVID were fatigue (M 3.45, SD 2.17), drowsiness (M 2.50, SD 2.89), sleep disturbance (M 2.44, SD 2.99), malaise (M 2.37, SD 3.05), and distress (M 2.27, SD 2.90). Most severe (≥ 7) symptoms) reported were fatigue (21.3% of pts), change in taste (14.8%), change in smell (14.4%), malaise (14.3%), sleep disturbance (14.3%), and drowsiness (14%). showed internal consistency (Cronbach α) of the 27 symptom items was 0.957, of the 6 interference items was 0.937. Mean severity of the 27 symptom items was significantly correlated with overall EQ-5D-5L health rating (correlation = -0.45, P < 0.0005), demonstrating concurrent validity. Mean symptom severity and interference showed known-group validity between pts who required hospitalization (symptom M 2.32, SD 2.09; interference M 3.29, SD 3.02) and those who did not (symptom M 1.69, SD 1.85; interference M 2.20, SD 2.64) (symptom P 0.007; interference P 0.004). Conclusions: We successfully deployed a PRO-based long-term symptom monitoring platform for pts with C19 and cancer. The validation analysis of this novel C19 specific PRO, the MDASI-COVID, aids in the quantification of the global symptom burden in pts with both cancer and COVID-19 infection. Deployment of this measure in the ongoing longitudinal observational cohort allows for in-depth understanding of the long-term symptoms related to C19 and cancer.

Natural regeneration of abandoned farmland provides an important opportunity to contribute to global reforestation targets, including the Bonn Challenge. Of particular importance are the montane tropics, where a long history of farming, frequently on marginal soils, has rendered many ecosystems highly degraded and hotspots of extinction risk. Ants play crucial roles in ecosystem functioning, and a key question is how time since abandonment and elevation (and inherent temperature gradients therein) affect patterns of ant recovery within secondary forest systems. Focusing on the Colombian Andes across a 1300 m altitudinal gradient and secondary forest (2–30 years) recovering on abandoned cattle pastures, we find that over time ant community composition and species richness recovered towards that of primary forest. However, these relationships are strongly dependent on elevation with the more open and warmer pasturelands supporting more ants than either primary or secondary forest at a particular elevation. The loss of species richness and change in species composition with elevation is less severe in pasture than forests, suggesting that conditions within pasture and its remaining scattered trees, hedgerows and forest fragments, are more favourable for some species, which are likely in or near thermal debt. Promoting and protecting natural regenerating forests over the long term in the montane tropics will likely offer significant potential for returning ant communities towards primary forest levels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00442-019-04497-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

e18816 Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19 infection is associated with poor clinical outcomes. We examined outcomes (hemodialysis, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission and death) in cancer patients with normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) treated in a tertiary referral center with COVID-19 infection, who developed AKI within 30 days of diagnosis. Methods: All patient data — demographics, labs, comorbidities and outcomes — were aggregated and analyzed in the Syntropy platform, Palantir Foundry (“Foundry”), as part of the Data-Driven Determinants of COVID-19 Oncology Discovery Effort (D3CODE) protocol at MD Anderson. The cohort was defined by the following: (1) positive COVID-19 test; (2) baseline eGFR >60 ml/min/1.73m2most temporally proximal lab results within 30 days prior to the patient’s infection. AKI was defined by an absolute change of creatinine ≥0.3 within 30 days after the positive COVID-19 test. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for survival estimates at specific time periods and multivariate Cox Proportional cause-specific Hazard model regression to determine hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for major outcomes. Results: 635 patients with Covid-19 infection had a baseline eGFR >60 ml/min/1.73m2. Of these patients, 124 (19.5%) developed AKI. Patients with AKI were older, mean age of 61+/-13.2 vs 56.9+/- 14.3 years (p=0.002) and more Hypertensive (69.4% vs 56.4%, p=0.011). AKI patients were more likely to have pneumonia (63.7% vs 37%, p

e18815 Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with higher risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and mortality rate in cancer patients. The prevalence of CKD in cancer patients is close to 20-30% however there has been limited data about cancer patients with CKD and COVID-19 infection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of this patient population at a tertiary cancer center. Methods: All patient data — demographics, labs, comorbidities and outcomes — were aggregated and analyzed in the Syntropy platform, Palantir Foundry (“Foundry”), as part of the Data-Driven Determinants of COVID-19 Oncology Discovery Effort (D3CODE) protocol at MD Anderson. The cohort was defined by the following: (1) positive COVID-19 test; (2) baseline eGFR 15-59 ml/min/1.73m2 calculated by chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation. The baseline GFR and creatinine values used the most temporally proximal lab results within 30 days prior to the patient’s infection. AKI was defined as an absolute change of creatinine ≥0.3 mg/dl above the baseline after the positive COVID-19 test. Results: Out of 790 patients with COVID-19,19.6% had underlying CKD. Among these, 86.5% and 46.5% had history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, respectively. 77.3% had a solid malignancy and 87.3% of them had metastatic disease. 67.7% were asymptomatic, 14.2% required ICU admission, 10.3% required invasive ventilation support, and 11.6% died within 90 days of the COVID-19 test. AKI developed within the first 30 days in 61.3% and 8.4% required renal replacement therapy. AKI was more prevalent in patients who were hospitalized (84.2% vs. 31.7%, p< 0.001), had concurrent pneumonia (63.3% vs. 36.8%, p< 0.002), required critical care (68.3% vs. 15.8% , p< 0.001), and were on ventilation support (16.8% vs. 0%, p=0.002). There was no significant statistical difference in rates of diabetes (52.6% vs. 36.7%, P of 0.076), tumor staging (metastasis; 95.1% vs. non metastatic 82.6%, p< 0.2) , readmission rate (52.6% vs. 43.3%, p=0.336), and death rate at 30 days (9.5% vs. 3.3%, p=0.205) between the two groups. Conclusions: The overall mortality rate of cancer patients with CKD and positive COVID-19 test was relatively high and close to 1.7 times the rate of patients with no CKD at our tertiary cancer center. AKI is a common complication in CKD patients with concurrent pneumonia and requiring ventilation support, and was associated with increased morality at 90 days.

6510 Background: Most COVID-19 (C19) vaccine trials excluded patients with active cancer. Here, we report our real-world patient-reported and clinical outcomes of BNT162b2 mRNA C19 vaccine in patients with cancer. Methods: Our institutional Data-Driven Determinants for COVID-19 Oncology Discovery Effort (D3CODE) follows a longitudinal observational cohort of pts w cancer getting C19 vaccine. Pts complete a validated PRO tool, MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI, 13 core, 6 interference plus 17 items of symptoms from prior vaccine trials) pre-dose 1, then daily x 6d, then weekly, then on day of dose 2, then daily x 6d, then weekly x 3w. Demographics, cancer variables, prior immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), C19 status pre- & post-vaccine are aggregated via Syntropy platform: Palantir Foundry. Primary outcome is incidence of PRO symptoms bw dose 1 & 2 across AYA 15-39y, mid-age 40-64y & senior 65y+ cohorts. Secondary outcomes include PRO symptom incidence post-dose 2, post-vaccine change in cancer symptoms, post-vaccine symptom severity based on prior ICI, and confirmed C19 > 7 days post-dose 2. First planned 8-wk interim analysis is reported here. Results: 6388 pts w cancer (4973 w mets) received a BNT162b2 vaccine dose (4811 both doses, 1577 received one & await dose 2). Overall, median age 64y (range 16-95y); 382 AYAs, 2927 mid-age, 3079 seniors (65-70y n = 1158, 70-79y n = 1521, 80-89y n = 378, 90y+ n = 22). 4099 (64%) are White, 823 (13%) AA, 791 (12%) Hispanic, 441 (7%) Asians. Primary cancers: breast (1397), GU (821), heme (775), thoracic/HN (745), and CRC (385). Prior to dose 1, 1862 had no prior systemic tx while 4526 pts did including 3243 who had only non-IO tx (chemo, targeted tx), 1,283 had immunotherapy including 857 who had ICIs prior to dose 1. Patient-reported symptoms after C19 Vaccine: Of 6388 pts, 4714 (74% response rate, median age 67y, range 16-95y) completed 16485 PRO surveys. After 2 doses, seniors reported lower mean scores vs mid-age or AYAs on 22 of 36 symptoms including injection site pain, palpitations, itch, rash, malaise, fevers/chills, arthralgia, myalgia, headache, pain, fatigue, nausea, disturbed sleep, distress (p < 0.05). Pts w prior ICIs had higher severity of itch, rash (p < 0.05) from baseline after both dose 1 & 2 vs pts without systemic tx. Post dose 1, pts with prior ICI had higher increase in fatigue, malaise, itch, rash, myalgia, anorexia from their baseline vs pts without systemic tx (p < 0.05). C19 Outcomes: Of 6388 pts, 616 had a C19 test at any time post-dose 1: 23 (0.36%) tested positive of whom 20 (0.3%) were between dose 1 & 2; two (0.031%) were within 7 days post-dose 2, and one patient (0.016%) tested positive 16 days after dose 2, requiring admission. Conclusions: This real-world observational cohort demonstrates post-vaccine symptom burden and outcomes in patients with cancer. Second interim analysis is planned at 16 weeks.

The global energy landscape is witnessing a concerted effort toward grid modernization. Motivated by sustainability, skyrocketing demand for electricity, and the inability of a legacy infrastructure to accommodate distributed and intermittent resources, a cyber-physical infrastructure is emerging to embrace zero-emission energy assets such as wind and solar generation and results in a smart grid that delivers green, reliable, and affordable power. A key ingredient of this infrastructure is electricity markets, the first layer of decision-making in a smart grid. This chapter provides an overview of electricity markets which can be viewed as the backdrop for their emerging role in a modernized, cyber-enabled grid. Starting from a brief history of the electricity markets in the United States, the article proceeds to delineate the current market structure, and closes with a description of current trends and emerging directions.

Las tasas de flujo de dializado (Qd) se prescriben tipicamente por encima de 500 ml / min. Esto implica una gran perdida de agua: 120 L por sesion de 4 horas. Hemos realizado ensayos previos que compararon Qd 400 a 500 ml / min y no hemos encontrado diferencias en Kt / V urea, fosfato y ganancia interdialisis, pero con diferencias significativas en el consumo de agua. Sin embargo, hubo falta de informacion sobre los efectos a largo plazo de la reduccion de Qd en pacientes con HD cronica. Por lo tanto, presentamos nuestros 6 anos de experiencia comparando dos recetas Qd.

La presente serie retrospectiva de casos, pretende describir las caracteristicas y desenlaces clinicos de los pacientes del Hospital Militar Central de Bogota, con nefritis lupica proliferativa. Es frecuente encontrar al momento del diagnostico proteinuria, 37% de ellas en rango nefrotico y alteraciones en el uroanalisis. Describimos los resultados de las principales variables hematologicas e inmunologicas. No encontramos diferencias entre los tipos de induccion ni en los desenlaces como: porcentaje de remision, disminucion de creatinina y reduccion de proteinuria.

En la ultima decada se han sumado diversos esfuerzos en la lucha contra el avance de la enfermedad renal cronica. Con este fin se creo el Dia Internacional del Rinon, que establecio como fecha conmemorativa al segundo jueves de marzo de cada ano a partir del 2.006. En el Hospital Militar Central de Bogota, en el marco del Dia Internacional del Rinon, se realizo una jornada educativa y de tamizaje de factores de riesgo renal, en poblacion usuaria del sistema de salud de las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia. Se encontro en 4,5% de la poblacion disminucion de la tasa de filtracion glomerular esperada para la edad, con 11% de presencia de microalbuminuria. El sindrome metabolico es una entidad frecuente en nuestro medio, y en la poblacion estudiada cerca de la mitad (52%) de losparticipantes cumplian con los criterios diagnosticos para establecer el diagnostico. Se identifico asociacion entre el aumento del indice de masa corporal o la elevacion de la hemoglobina glicosilada y el desarrollo de microalbuminuria. Es necesario realizar campanas para el control del sindrome metabolico, con miras a controlar el riesgo subyacente para enfermedad renal cronica. Se describen los hallazgos encontrados.

El ejercicio de la Medicina Interna se enfrenta a retos permanentes dado el entorno dinamico del cuidado de la salud, en el que los avances de las ciencias biomedicas deben integrarse racionalmente para proporcionar a la poblacion una atencion en salud coordi-nada y eficiente. Los numerosos desarrollos cientificos y tecnologicos hacen de nuestra profesion medica una ciencia en cambio continuo, lo que exige al especialista la necesidad de mantenerse actualizado para procurar la mejor atencion de sus pacientes.Los estudios demuestran que en general, con el paso del tiempo el conocimiento me-dico se deteriora, y que los habitos y patrones de la practica medica fallan en cambiar en respuesta a los avances cientificos (1). Uno de ellos concluyo que el tiempo transcurrido desde la ultima certificacion del medico, se correlaciona con la disminucion en la calidad de la atencion de sus pacientes con hipertension arterial. Tambien se ha demostrado que los medicos que renuevan frecuentemente sus conocimientos y habilidades mediante metodologias estructuradas de mejoramiento de la calidad, logran mejor cuidado de sus pacientes, por ejemplo, una mejor calidad de atencion a los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio se relaciono con disminucion de mortalidad del 15% (2-4). Analisis recien-tes indican que los medicos recertificados ofrecen a sus pacientes cuidados de salud de mayor calidad que quienes no lo estan, y esto se correlaciona con mejor desempeno en un amplio rango de medidas de calidad, desenlaces favorables, atencion mas segura y mayores indices en actividades de prevencion.Si bien algunas habilidades y comportamientos del medico mejoran con el transcurso del tiempo (experiencia), tambien se sabe que existe una relacion inversa entre el lapso desde la graduacion y el cumplimiento de los estandares de calidad para el cuidado de los pacientes (5-7). Asi mismo se sabe que los medicos no examinan rutinariamente y en forma independiente su propio desempeno y que su habilidad para hacerlo es limitada.En la actualidad, la calidad en la atencion es un derecho exigido por los pacientes y por nuestro sistema de salud, y la certificacion de esa calidad mediante procesos de formacion continua es un factor decisivo en la confianza y preferencias de los pacientes por sus medicos (8).En cumplimiento de su objetivo estatutario: “

Objetivo: determinar cuál variable antropométrica (Indice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia de cintura (CC) o Índice cintura/talla (ICT) tiene mejor relación con VO2peak en mujeres jóvenes físicamente inactivas de la ciudad de Concepción, Chile. Sujetos y Métodos: 31 mujeres físicamente inactivas de la ciudad de Concepción, Chile (edad 20,39±1,58 años; peso 59,20±7,84 Kg: talla 1,60±0,05 m) fueron evaluadas en tres etapas: recolección de información general, medición antropométrica (peso, talla, CC, ICT e IMC) y determinación de la capacidad aeróbica mediante el Protocolo de Bruce asociado a ergoespirometría. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson con p

Objetivo: determinar cual variable antropometrica (Indice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia de cintura (CC) o Indice cintura/talla (ICT) tiene mejor relacion con VO2peak en mujeres jovenes fisicamente inactivas de la ciudad de Concepcion, Chile. Sujetos y Metodos: 31 mujeres fisicamente inactivas de la ciudad de Concepcion, Chile (edad 20,39±1,58 anos; peso 59,20±7,84 Kg: talla 1,60±0,05 m) fueron evaluadas en tres etapas: recoleccion de informacion general, medicion antropometrica (peso, talla, CC, ICT e IMC) y determinacion de la capacidad aerobica mediante el Protocolo de Bruce asociado a ergoespirometria. Para el analisis estadistico se utilizo el coeficiente de correlacion de Pearson con p

La nefropatía por fosfato de sodio es una forma de lesión renal que ocurre posterior al uso de laxantes que contienen fosfato de sodio. Puede presentarse de manera aguda o crónica según el tiempo de utilización de dichos medicamentos utilizados para la preparación colónica. La forma aguda puede resolverse con un ade-cuado tratamiento, pero la forma crónica puede causar daño renal irreversible.Este caso se trata de una paciente con trasplante renal, en seguimiento en la Fundación Cardioinfantil en Bogotá, Colombia, en quien se utilizó fosfato de sodio para una preparación de colonoscopia y se presentó a nuestro servicio con una lesión renal aguda Sodium phosphate nephropathy is a form of renal injury that occurs following the use of laxatives containing sodium phosphate, which can present acutely or chronically after the administration of these drugs used in colonic preparation for colonoscopy. The acute form can resolve with adequate treatment, but the chronic form may cause irreversible kidney damage.The case we report is about a kidney transplantantion patient in whom sodium phosphate was used for colo-noscopy preparation debuting with acute kidney injury