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52. Impaired cell-mediated immunity of apparently normal patients who had multiple skin cancers

Author

Czarnecki, D., Zalcberg, J., Kulinskaya, E., and Kay, T.

Subjects
Skin cancer -- Physiological aspects, Cancer patients -- Testing, Health
Abstract

Background. Investigations of the immune status of patients with skin cancer have had conflicting results, possibly because uniform groups of patients were not studied. Patients who had multiple skin cancers (three or more) were studied to determine whether they had impaired cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Methods. Thirty-four patients and 34 matched control subjects were studied who were younger than 60 years, were not immunosuppressed, and were free from internal cancer. Cell-mediated immunity was tested by the cutaneous reaction to recall antigens (Multitest CMI, Pasteur Merieux, Lyon, France) and the estimation of lymphocyte levels. Results. Patients had significantly lower Multitest CMI scores (P < 0.0005), lower lymphocyte counts (P < 0.02), and were more likely to have a first-degree relative with skin cancer (P < 0.002). Multitest CMI scores decreased with the number of skin cancers removed (P < 0.0006) and were a significant predictor for CD4 (P < 0.04) and CD8 cell counts (P < 0.02). Conclusions. Patients who had multiple skin cancers had impaired CMI, and the degree of impairment correlated with the number of skin cancers removed. Cancer 1995; 76:228--31. Key words: multiple skin cancers, impaired cell-mediated immunity, cutaneous reactions, recall-antigens.

Published
1995

59. Multiple basal cell carcinoma and HLA frequencies in southern Australia

Author

Czarnecki, D., Lewis, A., Nicholson, Ian, and Tait, Brian

Subjects
Basal cell carcinoma -- Australia, Basal cell carcinoma -- Physiological aspects, Histocompatibility antigens -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Basal cell carcinoma is a cancer of the skin that begins as a small, shiny pimple-like lesion and develops into an ulcer surrounded by a whitish border. The incidence of basal cell carcinoma in regions 37 degrees south of the equator is 489 cases per 100,000 persons. One study showed that 265 of 590 persons referred for treatment of skin cancer were diagnosed with three or more types of skin cancer. Risk factors for skin cancer include the inability to tan, a tendency to sunburn, outdoor occupation, family history of skin cancer, old age, and immunosuppression. Recent studies suggest that tissue type may also be a risk factor for basal cell carcinoma. Tissue type is indicated by the histocompatibility antigens, which are elements on all nucleated cells that can provoke an immune response. These tissue antigens are controlled by a specialized set of genes called the major histocompatibility gene complex. The presence of specific antigens has been correlated with certain diseases. For example, studies have correlated the development of multiple basal cells carcinomas with the tissue antigen, HLA-DR1. The relationship between multiple basal cell carcinoma and tissue antigens was assessed among persons in Australia, where basal cell carcinoma is common. The development of basal cell carcinoma was associated with an increased frequency of HLA-DR1, but a decrease in the frequency of HLA-DR4. Persons with HLA-DR1 had twice the risk of developing basal cell carcinoma, which was still lower than persons who lived in countries situated farther than Australia from the equator. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

77. Orexin in Patients with Alcohol Dependence Treated for Relapse Prevention: A Pilot Study.

Author

Ziółkowski, M., Czarnecki, D., Budzyński, J., Rosińska, Z., Żekanowska, E., and Góralczyk, B.

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the blood concentration of orexin and its association with other clinical factors in patients with alcohol dependence. Methods: Thirty-two males hospitalized on an addiction treatment ward due to alcohol dependence and 23 healthy men as a control group were enrolled in the study. The measurement of orexin in the blood was made at the beginning of the treatment (after withdrawal symptoms had stopped) and again after 4 weeks of observation. Results: At the beginning of the observation, the alcohol-dependent patients had significantly greater orexin blood concentration than the control group. After 4 weeks of treatment for relapse prevention, the blood orexin level decreased significantly to a value similar to that in the control group. At the beginning of the study, more severely alcohol-dependent patients (Short Alcohol Dependence Data [SADD] score range: 20-45) had significantly greater orexin blood concentration than individuals with moderate addiction severity (SADD score range: 10-19). However, after 4 weeks of abstinence, the peptide blood concentration was similar in both groups of alcoholic patients. Conclusions: Orexin or its receptor is a potential target for relapse prevention treatment, but further study with long-term observation is needed to verify the usefulness of blood orexin determination as a marker of alcohol relapse risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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79. MR findings in the brains of compressed-air tunnel workers: relationship to psychometric results

Author

Fueredi, G A, Czarnecki, D J, and Kindwall, E P

Subjects
Adult, Male, Brain Diseases, Psychological Tests, Atmospheric Pressure, Case-Control Studies, Occupational Exposure, Journal Article, Brain, Humans, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Aged
Abstract

Cranial MR imaging was performed in 30 subjects who had been involved in compressed-air tunnel projects in and around Milwaukee, WI. Nineteen of these subjects had been exposed to various degrees of hyperbaric air as calculated by an exposure index (average PSI pressure gauge multiplied by the number of years exposed), while 11 of the subjects were age-matched controls who belonged to the same labor union but had not been exposed to hyperbaric air. All MR scanning was done on a 1.5-T unit, and axial, sagittal, and coronal T1, proton density, and T2-weighted images were obtained. Ventricular size was measured objectively. Foci of increased T2 intensity within deep white matter tracts were evaluated as to number and location, and psychometric testing was performed on both groups to exclude preexisting organic brain disease. The 19 subjects in the experimental group had a statistically higher number (p = .05) of white matter lesions (more than 152) than the control group (22 lesions), and 37% of the experimental group had more than 20 white matter lesions each (seven of 19 subjects) while only 18% of the control group had 10 or 11 lesions each. The experimental group had a five times higher risk than the control group of having high-grade lesions, and a high statistical correlation (p = .02) was found between the number and severity of lesions in the experimental group as compared with the control group when linear trend analysis was performed. No correlation was found between exposure index, MR grade or number, or aseptic necrosis. Ventricular size was normal in all subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1991

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