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These research objectives the development and evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of a hybrid composite manufactured epoxy resin reinforced by Eucalipto sp. wood sawdust and treated piassava fibers. The evaluated properties were modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) in static bending, water absorption after 24 hours, porosity and apparent density. Three factors with two levels was evaluated: thickness (3 mm and 4 mm), volumetric resin fraction (45% and 50%) and the use or not of laminate piassava fibers reinforcement, leading to a factorial design of 23 type. Were manufactured four panels, two with 50% and two with 55% of resin, using casting method. For the physical and mechanical properties obtained, the better conditions were the one that uses 50% of epoxy resin, 55% sawdust mass fraction and with the use of laminated piassava fibers reinforcement. The thickness was not statistically significant in obtaining the properties evaluated.

This research aimed to evaluate the influence of storage time (0, 96 hours) ofPinus elliottiipieces and the tests to obtaining modulus of elasticity (static bending and transversal vibration) in glued laminated timber beams, produced with resorcinol based adhesive and 0.8 MPa compaction pressure. After pieces were properly prepared, part of them was used in immediate three manufacturing glulam beams, tested after adhesive cure, and part stored for 96 hours under a roof with a temperature of 25°C and relative humidity of 60% for subsequent manufacturing and testing three other glulam beams. Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the storage period was significant influence in modulus of elasticity obtained in static bending test (8% reduction from 0 to 96 hours). This not occurred with modulus of elasticity obtained by transversal vibration test (no significant influence). ANOVA results showed equivalence of means in both test procedures.

This research aimed to develop and evaluation the mechanical properties of a particleboard produced with bamboo particles and coconut fiber in three different experimental conditions. The panels were manufactured with castor oil based polyurethane bi-component resin in three different ratios of the adhesive components (pre-polymer and polyol). Mechanical characterization was conducted to determine modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) in static bending. For the static bending test the better values were to the experimental condition 2, which relate de proportion of 1:1.5 of pre-polymer and polyol, respectively. This best solution is to reduce the amount of pre-polymer in the formulation of the adhesive, due to decreased of use of chemicals most polluting.

The aim of this research was to produce three-layer Medium Density Particleboard (MDP), with the addition of impregnated paper, in the inner layer, in proportions of 1; 5 and 20%. In this study, MDP was composed with particles of small size in outer layers, and larger particles in internal layer. After panel manufacturing, physical and mechanical tests based on Brazilian Code ABNT NBR 14.810 were carried out to determine moisture content; density; thickness swelling; water absorption; modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) in static bending and internal adhesion. Test results were compared to commercial panels, produced with 100% Eucalyptus, considering the requirements specified by Brazilian Code. Properties presented values close to normative specifications, indicating positively the possibility of production of MDP using addition of waste paper impregnated.

The objective of this article was to study the influence of the Pinus taeda wood moisture content to the production of EGP (Edge Glued Panel) in the bonding stage, using PVA adhesive. It was analyzed the joint resistances through shear-stress tests and rupture in the bondline. The wood moisture classes adopted to the panels were: “A” ( [8%, 9%[ ), “B” ( [9%, 10%[ ), “C” ( [10%, 11%[ ), “D” ( [11%, 12%[ ) e “E” ( [12%, 13%[ ). After the panel production, it was sawn the specimens for the resistance shear in the bondline tests by traction. The tests results show that it was statistically significant differences to the values of rupture tensions between A class and B, C, D and E classes. The wood medium rupture presented a tendency to reduce with the moisture increase, and the total rupture in the bondline presented a small tendency of a less number of occurrences with the rupture tension increases.

The study aimed to analyze the longitudinal modulus of elasticity (Em), based on static bending tests, in different spans and confirm that it’s necessary adopt as 21 the ratio between span and height of the cross section of the specimen to turn no significant the influence of shear stress on vertical deflection. So, simplified equation to determine Emcan be employed. Specimens ofPinus elliottiivar.elliottiiandPinus elliottiivar. elliottii×Pinus cariabeaehondurensis(hybrid), came from Itapeva region, São Paulo State, Brazil, were considered. Bending tests were conducted in Labs of Experimental Campus Itapeva, UNESP, adapting recommendations of Brazilian Code ABNT NBR 7190. Twelve specimens of each species were tested. The trend lines for the plotted graphics showed clearly a nonlinear behavior until the neighborhood of ratio 21 and no expressive variations after this point, confirming that normative recommendations are correct.

Alternative raw materials have been studied for the total or partial replacement of wood in wood panels, in order to decrease the use of wood and to recovery waste. The present study tested the influence on the physico-mechanical properties of the panels produced with particles of Eucalyptus saligna and macadamia nutshell. For this were produced panels in proportions of 0%, 30%, 60% and 100% with respect to the macadamia nutshells. With the obtained results it was noticed that the increasing of the nutshell proportion led to a decrease in the dimensional stability, internal bonding and bending strength. These results were primarily due to the geometry of the particles of macadamia nutshell, besides being thicker, not allowing a good interaction between them and the adhesive, they were shorter, reducing the bending strength.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T23:44:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-10-01 Plywood panels have multiple applications in construction, in the furniture industry and packaging. There is a need to improve techniques for assessing quality of these products. This paper proposed the use of geostatistics to evaluate the behavior of the of the plywood panel. The physical properties were analyzed (moisture content, density and water absorption) in the full extent of the plywood panel of Eucalyptus sp., bonded with adhesive single-component polyurethane. For analysis, three panels of five layers, with dimensions of 350 x 350 x 15.5 mm each, were employed. The tests were based on the standards EN 323-2000, EN 322-2000 and ABNT NBR 9486- 2011. Statistical modeling was performed using the R software, using the methodology of geostatistics. The average results were compared with values reported in the literature. The average water absorption was 7% higher in comparison with other studies, which used urea formaldehyde. So, the product can be applied only to interior and their use is not advisable for floors; the average moisture content and density were within the average values found in the literature. The behavior of the properties analyzed using the geostatistical model was not homogeneous, with large variations. Geostatistics was considered an appropriate tool for the study of the variability of the plywood panel properties, and can be applied for better quality control of them. IFSP Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

O presente trabalho tem como objetivos avaliar as medidas de controle em um laboratório de vacina viral veterinária de Curitiba através de análise documental. Avaliar o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs) e (EPCs) através de análise do Programa de Prevenção de Riscos Ambientais - PPRA e identificar a conformidade dos riscos biológico, químico e físico de acordo com as Normas Regulamentadoras 6 (NR 6) e 9 (NR 9) . O objeto de estudo foi o laboratório de vacina viral de uma instituição pública de Curitiba-PR. Tendo como metodologia a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica e a avaliação das condições de segurança de um laboratório com base no documento PPRA. Comparando com a Ficha de Informação de Segurança de Produto Químico - FISPQ, observou-se que nos setores avaliados houve lacunas com relação ao EPI protetor respiratório em 9%. Comparando o PPRA com a FISPQ constatou-se que 183 EPIs foram registrados, faltando a inclusão de 16 EPIs em produtos químicos diversos. Sendo esta ausência de 9% . Detectou-se detalhadamente a não inclusão de EPIs na porcentagem de 7%, 10%, 12%, 6%, 17%, 2%, 27% e 8% respectivamente do setor 1 ao setor 8. Considerando os resultados e análise, pôde-se concluir que os objetivos supracitados analisados foram alcançados apesar das limitações de obtenção dos dados devido a correta restrição de entrada nas dependências pelas normas de biossegurança.

O presente trabalho consiste na produção de painéis de partículas reconstituídas de MDP (Medium Density Particleboard) adicionando na camada intermediária partículas de Mimosa Scarelli, conhecida popularmente como bracatinga, nas proporções de 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100%. O painel produzido composto por três camadas, sendo duas externas com partículas de granulometrias menores e uma camada interna composta de partículas de granulometrias maiores. Foram realizados ensaios físicos e mecânicos baseados na norma NBR 14810/2006 para a determinação da densidade do painel, inchamento em espessura, absorção de água, teor de umidade, flexão estática, tração perpendicular. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados e comparados aos resultados dos painéis comerciais produzidos com 100% de eucalipto, com base nos limites especificados pela norma ABNT NBR 14810/2006. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios apresentaram-se próximos das especificações normativas indicando de forma positiva a produção de MDP com a madeira de bracatinga.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivos avaliar as medidas de controle em um laboratório de vacina viral veterinária de Curitiba através de análise documental. Avaliar o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs) e (EPCs) através de análise do Programa de Prevenção de Riscos Ambientais - PPRA e identificar a conformidade dos riscos biológico, químico e físico de acordo com as Normas Regulamentadoras 6 (NR 6) e 9 (NR 9) . O objeto de estudo foi o laboratório de vacina viral de uma instituição pública de Curitiba-PR. Tendo como metodologia a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica e a avaliação das condições de segurança de um laboratório com base no documento PPRA. Comparando com a Ficha de Informação de Segurança de Produto Químico - FISPQ, observou-se que nos setores avaliados houve lacunas com relação ao EPI protetor respiratório em 9%. Comparando o PPRA com a FISPQ constatou-se que 183 EPIs foram registrados, faltando a inclusão de 16 EPIs em produtos químicos diversos. Sendo esta ausência de 9% . Detectou-se detalhadamente a não inclusão de EPIs na porcentagem de 7%, 10%, 12%, 6%, 17%, 2%, 27% e 8% respectivamente do setor 1 ao setor 8. Considerando os resultados e análise, pôde-se concluir que os objetivos supracitados analisados foram alcançados apesar das limitações de obtenção dos dados devido a correta restrição de entrada nas dependências pelas normas de biossegurança.

O presente trabalho consiste na produção de painéis de partículas reconstituídas de MDP (Medium Density Particleboard) adicionando na camada intermediária partículas de Mimosa Scarelli, conhecida popularmente como bracatinga, nas proporções de 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100%. O painel produzido composto por três camadas, sendo duas externas com partículas de granulometrias menores e uma camada interna composta de partículas de granulometrias maiores. Foram realizados ensaios físicos e mecânicos baseados na norma NBR 14810/2006 para a determinação da densidade do painel, inchamento em espessura, absorção de água, teor de umidade, flexão estática, tração perpendicular. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados e comparados aos resultados dos painéis comerciais produzidos com 100% de eucalipto, com base nos limites especificados pela norma ABNT NBR 14810/2006. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios apresentaram-se próximos das especificações normativas indicando de forma positiva a produção de MDP com a madeira de bracatinga.

O objetivo desse trabalho é realizar um diagnóstico situacional do Laboratório de celulose e papel da UNESP- ITAPEVA para realização de proposta de acreditação de acordo com a NBR ISO/IEC 17025:2005. A NBR ISO/IEC 17025 estabelece os critérios para aqueles laboratórios que desejem demonstrar sua competência técnica, que possuem um sistema da qualidade efetivo e que são capazes de produzir resultados tecnicamente válidos, estabelecendo um padrão internacional e único para atestar a competência dos laboratórios para realizarem ensaios e/ou calibrações, incluindo amostragem. O estudo de caso foi realizado no laboratório de Celulose e Papel da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), campus de Itapeva, onde foram comparadas as visões do técnico responsável pelo laboratório e um usuário comum. A conclusão gerada é que o laboratório não tem condições de iniciar um processo de acreditação porque falha nos requisitos, como manual da qualidade, cadastro dos subcontratados, pesquisa de satisfação dos clientes, cronograma da realização das auditorias internas, cronograma de realização da análise crítica, perfil das funções requeridas, descrição das funções atuais, documentação dos requisitos técnicos para as acomodações e condições ambientais, programas de calibração, programa de calibração dos equipamentos, programa para calibração dos padrões e relatório e/ou certificado de ensaio e/ou calibração, que são de acordo com a NBR ISO/IEC 17025:2005, além de que não há a possibilidade de desenvolver e implantar um sistema de qualidade sem o comprometimento de todas as pessoas envolvidas, independente de hierarquia funcional.

Engenharia Industrial Madeireira UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho Campus Itapeva, Rua Geraldo Alckmin, 519-Vila Nossa Senhora de Fatima

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:26:26Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:26:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-04-01 Studies on new adhesives and resins for bonding wood and wood products are being carried out with the intention to improve their properties, taking into account a lower environmental impact. To this end, new formulations of polyvinyl acetate (PVA) adhesives have been developed, because they have no polluting harmful to health chemicals in their composition, in contrast to formaldehyde-based resins; which in turn are the most commonly used for wood panels production these days. This study tested three different formulations of PVA adhesives, with different pressing times and temperatures for the production of Eucalyptus sp. plywood, obtaining satisfactory results with respect to shear strength at the bondline, which was higher for the PVA adhesives compared to the urea-formaldehyde and phenol-formaldehyde panels found in the literature. Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' - UNESP Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' - UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' - UNESP Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' - UNESP

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-18T15:56:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:00:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1517-70762014000100002.pdf: 499334 bytes, checksum: 9e55165e2f358a739e8a678626cb0e2d (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This study evaluated the physical and mechanical characteristics of particleboards made of bamboo waste from the species Dendrocalamus giganteus bonded with two different types of adhesives: urea-formaldehyde (UF) and a castor oil based adhesive (M). Thus, eight types of particleboards were produced in the proportions of 6%, 8%, 10% and 12% for each adhesive. The results showed that particleboards produced with UF and M adhesives had acceptable behavior for physical tests according to the Brazilian standard NBR 14810. The results attained in mechanical tests (MOR and MOE), for all particleboards, were below the requirements for structural usage. This indicates that the residue of bamboo is a feasible raw material alternative for particleboards produced for non structural purposes, such as liners, partitions and other uses for internal seal. Regarding the adhesives, the particleboards produced with UF particleboards showed superior results for both physical and mechanical characteristics, when compared to M particleboards with the same percentage of adhesive. Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Engn Bauru, Programa Posgrad Engn Prod, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Engn Ind Madeireira, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Engn Bauru, Programa Posgrad Engn Prod, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Engn Ind Madeireira, Sao Paulo, Brazil FAPESP: 07/59434-9

This study aimed to produce and determine physical and mechanical properties of three layers particleboards produced with Eucalyptus sp. particles, in outer layers, and Eucalyptus urograndis e Eucalyptus saligna bark, in internal layer. Recommendations of the Brazilian Code ABNT NBR 14810-3:2006 were adopted to fundament physical and mechanical tests. Properties considered were modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) in static bending; internal adhesion; thickness swelling; water absorption; moisture content and density of the panels. Four different panel compositions were studied, with 5, 10, 15 and 20% of bark (related to particle mass) the internal layer. Results were compared with the requirements of: Brazilian Code ABNT NBR 14810-2; European Code EN 312 and related literature. The produced panels were adequate to all the values stipulated the cited codes and also superior to similar studies found in the literature, for all compositions of bark in internal layer, except for the moisture content test, in which only the composition of 5 % hull met the normative specifications.

The aim of this research was to produce and evaluate mechanical performance in compression parallel to the grain for composites made with wastes from Pinus sp. and Portland cement. To obtain the composites were used treated and untreated wood particles, average size 1.7mm, and Portland cement-II-E-32, determining a ratio for cement/wood/water of 1: 0.21: 0.6. Treatment of particles was based on thermal bath in water for a period of 6 hours. Effect of treatment on density and mechanical properties of these composites was analyzed, according to NBR 7215:1996. Results showed that inclusion of treated wood particles in manufacture of wood-cement composite was significant in all properties investigated, by reducing density (7%); increasing modulus of elasticity (126%) and compressive strength (70%). Large gains in these properties demonstrate the feasibility of wood-cement composites manufacture.

This research aimed verifies, with the aid of the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the influence of particles size of Eucalyptus grandis wastes in density and modulus of elasticity and strength modulus in compression of wood-cement composites. For this study was performed production and characterization of specimens, using portland cement, water and particle waste of Eucalyptus wood species, classified into sieves 10, 20, 32 and 60 mesh. The results of ANOVA showed significant differences in particle size, while samples with smaller particles had higher densities and lower mechanical performances. The composites studied have fully capable of being used as paving blocks, pavers or closure without the need for structural performance panels.

This research aimed to investigate, by means of the strength (MOR) and stiffness (MOE) properties in bending, the homogeneity in the manufacture of ply wood (Pinus sp wood and phenolic resin) produced by an industry located in the state of Parana (PR - Brazil). The factors and levels investigated in this study were the choice of panels (A, B, C and D), the extraction position of the specimens (Center; Side) and fiber orientation (Parallel, Perpendicular), providing a fu ll factorial design of 4 1 2 2 type, with 16 different treatments. On the panel, were extracted 20 specimens (500×75×18mm) for bending tests. ANOVA results showed that the choice of panel and fiber orientation was significant in the properties of strength and stiffness in bending, this is not occurring with the ext raction position of the specimens. The MOR and MOE of the specimens obtained in the parallel d irection were 87% and 141% h igher than the MOR and M OE of the specimens evaluated in the perpendicular direction, respectively, and with respect to non-equivalence found between the mechanical properties by the choice of the panel, for results with greater reliability it is necessary the development of new research with a significantly higher number o f ply wood.

The growing popularity of wooden panels renders this market segment increasingly competitive. MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard), in particular, is widely employed for a variety of applications, including civil construction, furniture, and packaging. This paper discusses a study of MDF produced from alternative raw materials, i.e., Eucalyptus fibers and castor-oil-based polyurethane resin. Physical and mechanical tests were performed to determine the MDF's modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture in static bending tests, its swelling, water absorption, moisture and density. The results of the physical and mechanical characterization of this laboratory-produced MDF are discussed and compared with the Euro MDF Board standard. MDF produced with eucalyptus fiber and castor-oil-based polyurethane resin presents results very satisfactory.

Os painéis de partículas multicamadas são comercializados atualmente e produzidos em sua maioria com partículas de madeira, porém a associação de subprodutos como o bagaço de cana e o sargassum residual para a produção desses painéis ainda carece de estudos. Esta pesquisa foi estruturada pelo potencial de utilização de subprodutos de biomassa agroindustrial (bagaço da cana-de-açúcar) e resíduo de Sargassum Pelágico oriundo de fenômenos de arribadas, baseando-se na produção de painéis de partículas multicamadas de média densidade e visando apresentar finalidades que agregassem valor a esses subprodutos, bem como se apresentar como uma alternativa para mitigar os impactos gerados pela problemática das arribadas de sargassum. As partículas das matérias-primas dos painéis confeccionados foram aglomeradas com resina poliuretana bicomponente à base de óleo de mamona (12% na camada interna e 15% nas camadas externas). Em uma primeira etapa da pesquisa foram confeccionados painéis com bagaço de cana com densidades de 600 e 750 kg/m³, afim de avaliar a melhor composição como painel referência para as etapas posteriores, onde os painéis com densidade de 750 kg/m³ atenderam a todos os requisitos físico-mecânicos estabelecidos pela norma NBR 14180-2:2018, para painéis do tipo 2, uso não estrutural em condições secas. Devido ao ineditismo do estudo ao utilizar partículas de sargassum como matéria-prima para produção de painéis, foi realizado um estudo preliminar confeccionando painel multicamadas composto por duas camadas externas de bagaço de cana e a camada interna por partículas de sargassum, aplicando as mesmas configurações do painel elegido como referência (densidade de 750 kg/m³ e proporção de massa em 20%-60%-20%). Os resultados dessa etapa indicaram que a introdução de sargassum como matéria-prima de painéis de partículas acarreta instabilidade dimensional, uma vez que as amostras avaliadas apresentaram elevados valores de inchamento em espessura. Por fim, na última etapa foram produzidos painéis multicamadas com teores de sargassum de 50% e 40% que atingiram aos requisitos mínimos de propriedades físico-mecânicos estabelecidos pela NBR 14810-2:2018, com exceção da propriedade de inchamento em espessura, indicando que o sargassum pode ser utilizado como preenchimento em painéis quando utilizado em menores teores e podendo se apresentar como uma via alternativa para mitigar os impactos gerados pelos fenômenos de arribadas. Multilayer particleboards are currently marketed and produced mostly with wood particles, but the association of by-products such as sugarcane bagasse and residual sargassum for the production of these panels still lacks studies. This research was structured by the potential use of agro-industrial biomass by-products (sugarcane bagasse) and Pelagic Sargassum residue from cliff phenomena, based on the production of medium density multilayer particle boards and aiming to present purposes that add value to these by-products, as well as present themselves as an alternative to mitigate the impacts generated by the problem of sargassum cliff. The particles of the raw materials of the panels were agglomerated with two-component polyurethane resin based on castor oil (12% in the inner layer and 15% in the outer layers). In a first stage of the research, panels were made with sugarcane bagasse with densities of 600 and 750 kg/m³, in order to evaluate the best composition as a reference panel for the later stages, where the panels with a density of 750 kg/m³ met all the physical-mechanical requirements established by the NBR 14180-2:2018 standard, for type P2 panels, non-structural use in dry conditions. Due to the novelty of the study when using sargassum particles as raw material for the production of panels, a preliminary study was carried out making a multilayer panel composed of two external layers of sugarcane bagasse and the internal layer of sargassum particles, applying the same configurations as panel chosen as reference (density of 750 kg/m³ and mass proportion of 20%-60%-20%). The results of this step indicated that the introduction of sargassum as a raw material for particle board causes dimensional instability, since the samples evaluated showed high values of swelling in thickness. Finally, in the last stage, multilayer panels were produced with sargassum contents of 50% and 40% that reached the minimum requirements of physical-mechanical properties established by NBR 14810-2:2018, with the exception of the property of swelling in thickness, indicating that sargassum can be used as a filler in panels when used in lower levels and may present itself as an alternative way to mitigate the impacts generated by the phenomena of cliff.

O OSB pode ser definido como um painel de partículas de madeira orientada, finas e longas (strands), consolidadas pelo uso de resinas, calor e pressão, madeiras com baixa qualidade e até mesmo resíduos não aproveitáveis, sendo a madeira Balsa (Ochroma Pyramidale) um desses resíduos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho físico e mecânico antes e após ensaio de envelhecimento natural e acelerado de painéis de partículas orientadas (OSB - Oriented Strand Board) com resíduo de madeira Balsa, proveniente de reflorestamento, aglomerado com resinas poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona (PU-Mamona), fenol-formaldeído (FF) e ureia-formaldeído (UF) e revestimento natural à base de cera de abelha e químico com resina PU-Mamona. Inicialmente foram determinadas as propriedades físicas, químicas e as características microestruturais das partículas de madeira Balsa com o intuito de analisar o seu potencial como matéria-prima para a confecção dos painéis OSB. Em seguida, os painéis OSB foram produzidos com a madeira Balsa residual, em escala laboratorial, com média densidade (650 kg/m³), teores adesivos (13%, 15% e 18%) em massa de partículas e caracterizados por meio da determinação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas. Os painéis 13% de resina PU-Mamona apresentaram o melhor desempenho físico-mecânico, sendo classificados como painéis OSB tipo 1 pela EN 300:2002. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com as recomendações normativas a fim de selecionar a formulação que atendesse os requisitos exigidos. Para analisar a durabilidade, os painéis foram revestidos com cera de abelha e resina PU-Mamona e submetidos a ensaios de envelhecimento natural e acelerado. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que após os ensaios de envelhecimento natural e acelerado os painéis OSB de madeira Balsa residual revestidos com cera de abelha e com resina PU-Mamona apresentaram menor redução das propriedades mecânicas e alterações nas propriedades colorimétricas comparado aos não tratados, o que indica perda de massa, degradação da resina e descolamento das partículas. Portanto, esse trabalho permite concluir que painéis OSB de madeira Balsa residual com densidade 650 kg/m³ e 13% de resina PU-Mamona apresentaram a melhor formulação para as normas EN 300:2002 e devem ser aplicados em ambientes secos, distantes de fontes de umidade e radiação. Os 2 tipos de revestimentos (Cera de abelha e PU-Mamona) apresentaram desempenho similar em relação ao potencial de revestimento do material, sendo a cera de abelha uma opção natural para uso como impermeabilizante. The OSB can be defined as a panel of wood-oriented, thin and long particles (strands), consolidated by the use of resins, heat and pressure, low quality woods and even non-usable waste, with Balsa wood (Ochroma Pyramidale) a of these waste. This work aimed to evaluate the physical and mechanical performance before and after natural and accelerated aging testing of oriented particle panels (OSB) with Balsa wood residue, from reforestation, agglomerate with polymerous resins based on castor oil (PU-Castor, phenol-formaldehyde (FF) and urea-formaldehyde (UF) and natural coating based on beeswax and chemical with PU-Castor resin. Initially, the physical, chemical and microstructural characteristics of Balsa wood particles were determined in order to analyze their potential as raw material for the manufacture of OSB panels. Then, OSB panels were produced with residual balsa wood, on a laboratory scale, with medium density (650 kg/m³), adhesive contents (13%, 15% and 18%) characterized by determining the physical and mechanical properties. Panels with density 650 kg/m³ and 13% PU-Castor resin presented the best physical-mechanical performance, being classified as OSB type 1 panels by EN 300:2002. The results obtained were compared with the normative recommendations in order to select the formulation that met the required requirements. To analyze the durability these panels were coated with beeswax and PU-Castor resin and submitted to natural and accelerated aging tests. The results obtained showed that after natural aging and accelerated the residual Balsa wood OSB panels coated with beeswax and PU-Castor resin showed a reduction in mechanical properties and changes in colorimetric properties, which indicates mass loss, resin degradation and particle detachment. Therefore, this work allows us to conclude that RESIDUAL Balsa wood OSB panels with density 650 kg/m³ and 13% PU-Castor resin presented the best formulation for EN 300:2002 standards and should be applied in dry environments, distant from sources of moisture and radiation. The 2 types of coatings (Beeswax and PU-Mamona) presented similar performance in relation to the coating potential of the material, and beeswax is a natural option for use as waterproofing.

Temas relacionados ao desenvolvimento de novos materiais têm sido cada vez mais abordados e discutidos, num contexto em que questões como meio ambiente, sociedade, economia de energia e aproveitamento de resíduos, vêm se tornando relevantes. Neste cenário, faz-se necessário estudar aplicações de insumos alternativos na produção de pisos de madeira, tanto para reduzir o consumo de essências tropicais quanto para suprir o aumento da demanda de madeira nas indústrias deste segmento. O objetivo deste estudo foi produzir painéis de partículas homogêneos de alta densidade, com resíduos de madeira de Pinus elliottii e casca de aveia (Avena sativa), aderidos sob pressão com dois tipos de adesivo, poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona e melamina formaldeído, nos percentuais de 11 e 13%, e avaliar o desempenho físico-mecânico de tais painéis para aplicação em pisos. O desempenho físico-mecânico dos painéis (Planejamento I - 20 tratamentos) foi avaliado com base nas normas ABNT NBR 14810 (2006 e 2013). Realizou-se análise de variância (ANOVA) para testar a influência dos fatores individuais (percentual de casca de aveia, percentual de adesivo e tipo de adesivo), além das interações entre tais fatores (dois a dois e três a três) nas propriedades físico-mecânicas dos painéis. Também foi avaliado o desempenho para pisos, tanto dos painéis (Planejamento II - 12 tratamentos) quanto de três espécies de madeira tropical (Angelim Vermelho, Dinizia excelsa; Cumaru, Dipteryx odorata e Jatobá, Hymenaea sp.), segundo diversas normas relacionadas a pisos de madeira. Os resultados apontaram propriedades físico-mecânicas dos painéis, em alguns tratamentos superiores aos requisitos estipulados por normas nacionais e internacionais. Quanto ao desempenho para pisos, os painéis apresentaram desempenho semelhante as três espécies de madeira, na maioria das propriedades avaliadas. A análise de porosimetria por intrusão de mercúrio confirmou a similaridade entre os painéis (do Planejamento II) e as três espécies de madeira avaliadas, evidenciando a potencialidade dos painéis produzidos para aplicação na indústria de pisos engenheirados. Matters related to the development of new materials have been increasingly addressed and discussed in a context where issues such as the environment, society, energy and waste recovery economy, is becoming relevant. In this scenario, it is necessary to study alternative inputs for applications in the production of wood floors, both to reduce the consumption of tropical essences as to meet the increasing demand for wood in industries in this segment. The aim this study was to produce high density homogeneous particleboard with waste wood of Pinus elliottii and oat hulls (Avena sativa), adhered under pressure with two types of adhesive, castor oil-based polyurethane and melamine formaldehyde, the percentage of 11 and 13%, and evaluate the physical and mechanical performance of such panels for use in floors. The physical-mechanical performance of the panels (Planning I - 20 treatments) was evaluated based on the NBR 14810 (2006 and 2013) standards. We conducted an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the influence of individual factors (oat hulls percentage, adhesive percentage and type of adhesive), and the interactions between these factors (two by two and three by three) on the physical properties-mechanical panels. It was also evaluated the performance for floors, both panels (Planning II - 12 treatments) as three species of tropical wood (Angelim Vermelho, Dinizia excelsa; Cumaru, Dipteryx odorata e Jatobá, Hymenaea sp.), according to various standards related to wood floors. The results indicated physical and mechanical properties of the panels, in some treatments superior to the requirements stipulated by national and international standards. As for performance flooring, panels statistically equivalent to the three species of wood, most of the evaluated properties. Porosimetry analysis by mercury intrusion confirmed the similarity between the panels (from Planning II) and the three wood species evaluated, demonstrating the potential of the panels produced for use in the flooring industry engineered.

Questões ligadas ao desempenho térmico e acústico de edificações têm sido cada vez mais abordadas, num cenário em que ganham importância a economia de energia e o controle do ruído. O advento dos materiais compósitos propiciou o emprego de resíduos de processos que, aliados a materiais de origem renovável, contribuem para a obtenção de produtos de reduzido impacto ambiental. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a produção e caracterização de painéis de partículas e espuma poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona, para destinação em composições termoacústicas. Os painéis de partículas foram produzidos utilizando-se resíduos de madeira de Pinus sp., tratado com CCB (preservante de cromo, cobre e boro - base óxido), borracha de pneus inservíveis e adesivo poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona. Foram adotadas variações na produção dos painéis, quanto aos fatores: proporção e configuração da borracha, espessura e pressão de prensagem; verificando sua influência no desempenho dos painéis. As propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis foram determinadas conforme a ABNT NBR 14810-3 (2006) e avaliadas segundo os principais requisitos de normas neste âmbito. Análises estatísticas (ANOVA) foram realizadas para verificação da influência dos fatores de produção, e de suas interações, nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis. Também foram avaliadas a morfologia e estabilidade térmica dos painéis e espumas. O isolamento térmico foi avaliado pela determinação experimental da condutividade térmica. A absorção sonora dos painéis e espumas, em diferentes montagens, foi determinada por medições em câmara reverberante, conforme ISO 354 (1985). Os resultados das propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis estiveram em grande parte condizentes com os documentos normativos. O teor de borracha e a sua interação com os demais fatores apresentaram influência estatística nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis. A morfologia dos painéis e espumas permitiu visualizar sua adequação aos produtos propostos, por meio da porosidade. Em relação ao isolamento térmico e absorção sonora, os painéis e espumas, bem como as composições formadas, apresentaram desempenho coerente com produtos e normas utilizados como referência. Sendo assim, verificou-se a viabilidade de produção e aplicação dos painéis e espuma poliuretana à base de mamona em composições destinadas ao conforto termoacústico. Issues relating to thermal and acoustic performance of buildings have been increasingly addressed in a scenario where energy savings and noise control are essential. Advent of composite materials enabled the use of residues from production processes that, coupled with renewable source materials, contribute to obtain products with low environmental impact. So, this study aimed to the production and characterization of particleboards and castor-oil-based polyurethane foam, for thermo-acoustic compositions. Panels were produced with residues of Pinus sp., treated with CCB (chromium, copper and boron basic oxide preservative), tire rubber wastes and castor-oil-based polyurethane adhesive. Variations in the production parameters were adopted: proportion and configuration of tire rubber; panels thickness; and pressing pressure, to determine their influence on panel performance. Physical and mechanical properties of particleboards were determined based on ABNT NBR 14810-3 (2006) and evaluated according to the main requirements of standards in this area. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was performed to check the influence of production factors, and their interactions, in those properties. Morphology and thermal stability of foams and panels were also evaluated. Thermal insulation was evaluated by experimental values of thermal conductivity. Sound absorption of the panels and foams, in different assemblies, was determined by measurement in a reverberation room, according to ISO 354 (1985). Results of evaluated panel properties were consistent with the normative requirements. The tire rubber content and its interaction with other factors influenced in almost all physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards. Morphology of the foams and panels permitted confirming their suitability to the proposed product by the porosity. With respect to thermal insulation and sound absorption, panels and foams as well as the correspondent compositions showed performance consistent to the references. Therefore, it was demonstrated the production feasibility and applying of studied compositions intended for the thermo-acoustic comfort.