Search

Your search keyword '"Cotton, S. A."' showing total 1,141 results
Start Over Author "Cotton, S. A."
1,141 results on '"Cotton, S. A."'

52. Lipoxygenase pathway and antioxidant system in salt stressed tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Author

du Jardin P., Fauconnier M.-L., van Aubel G., Tassignon T., Massoz A., Guy J., Heuze F., De Clerck C., Dewalque A., Cotton, S., Bauwens J., Blondiaux A., Ghanem ME., Delaplace P., and Frettinger P.

Subjects
Tomato, salt stress, lipoxygenase pathway, antioxidant system, oxylipins, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Soil or growing media salinity is an increasing problem in agriculture throughout the world. Therefore, there is a real interest in a better understanding of the mechanisms set by the plants to respond to this stress. The present study concerns tomato, which is one of the most important cultivated vegetables. Tomato seeds (Lycopersicon esculentum var. ‘Moneymaker’) were disinfected and a salt stress (NaCl 100 mM) was applied 8 days after the onset of germination. Samples were collected after 4 days of stress. In this study, attention was focused on the antioxidant system and the lipoxygenase pathway because salt stress is often associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species and polyunsaturated fatty acids are one of the most susceptible targets to oxidative attacks. The perception of the stress by the plantlets was confirmed by the overexpression of an aquaporin-coding gene (aqua2). Concerning the antioxidant system, the activities of ascorbate peroxydase and catalase enzymes were studied but no significant variation was observed between stressed seedlings and controls. Similar results were obtained for ascorbate measurements. Complementarily, the lipoxygenase pathway was studied at three levels in the plantlets. The expression of two genes (lipoxygenase-A and oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase) was first followed at the mRNA level by RT-PCR. The oxylipin content was determined by HPLC and the lipoxygenase activity as well as the hydroperoxide degradation activity were measured spectrophotometrically. The obtained results indicate that no clear accumulation of oxylipin occurs in our stress conditions. However, an increase in lipoxygenase and hydroperoxide degradation activities was observed and seems to indicate that several enzymes of the lipoxygenase pathway are involved in the plant response to salt stress.

Published
2009

53. Genomic reconstruction of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in England

Author

Vöhringer, HS, Sanderson, T, Sinnott, M, De Maio, N, Nguyen, T, Goater, R, Schwach, F, Harrison, I, Hellewell, J, Ariani, CV, Gonçalves, S, Jackson, DK, Johnston, I, Jung, AW, Saint, C, Sillitoe, J, Suciu, M, Goldman, N, Panovska-Griffiths, J, Abnizova, I, Aigrain, L, Alderton, A, Ali, M, Allen, L, Amato, R, Anderson, R, Ariani, C, Austin-Guest, S, Bala, S, Barrett, J, Bassett, A, Battleday, K, Beal, J, Beale, M, Beaver, C, Bellany, S, Bellerby, T, Bellis, K, Berger, D, Berriman, M, Betteridge, E, Bevan, P, Binley, S, Bishop, J, Blackburn, K, Bonfield, J, Boughton, N, Bowker, S, Brendler-Spaeth, T, Bronner, I, Brooklyn, T, Buddenborg, SK, Bush, R, Caetano, C, Cagan, A, Carter, N, Cartwright, J, Monteiro, TC, Chapman, L, Chillingworth, T-J, Clapham, P, Clark, R, Clarke, A, Clarke, C, Cole, D, Cook, E, Coppola, M, Cornell, L, Cornwell, C, Corton, C, Crackett, A, Cranage, A, Craven, H, Craw, S, Crawford, M, Cutts, T, Dabrowska, M, Davies, M, Davies, R, Dawson, J, Day, C, Densem, A, Dibling, T, Dockree, C, Dodd, D, Dogga, S, Dorman, M, Dougan, G, Dougherty, M, Dove, A, Drummond, L, Drury, E, Dudek, M, Durham, J, Durrant, L, Easthope, E, Eckert, S, Ellis, P, Farr, B, Fenton, M, Ferrero, M, Flack, N, Fordham, H, Forsythe, G, Foulser, L, Francis, M, Fraser, A, Freeman, A, Galvin, A, Garcia-Casado, M, Gedny, A, Girgis, S, Glover, J, Goncalves, S, Goodwin, S, Gould, O, Gourtovaia, M, Gray, A, Gray, E, Griffiths, C, Gu, Y, Guerin, F, Hamilton, W, Hanks, H, Harrison, E, Harrott, A, Harry, E, Harvison, J, Heath, P, Hernandez-Koutoucheva, A, Hobbs, R, Holland, D, Holmes, S, Hornett, G, Hough, N, Huckle, L, Hughes-Hallet, L, Hunter, A, Inglis, S, Iqbal, S, Jackson, A, Jackson, D, James, K, Jamrozy, D, Verdejo, CJ, Jones, M, Kallepally, K, Kane, L, Kay, K, Kay, S, Keatley, J, Keith, A, King, A, Kitchin, L, Kleanthous, M, Klimekova, M, Korlevic, P, Krasheninnkova, K, Lane, G, Langford, C, Laverack, A, Law, K, Lawniczak, M, Lensing, S, Leonard, S, Letchford, L, Lewis, K, Lewis-Wade, A, Liddle, J, Lin, Q, Lindsay, S, Linsdell, S, Livett, R, Lo, S, Long, R, Lovell, J, Ludden, C, Mack, J, Maddison, M, Makunin, A, Mamun, I, Mansfield, J, Marriott, N, Martin, M, Mayho, M, McCarthy, S, McClintock, J, McGuigan, S, McHugh, S, McMinn, L, Meadows, C, Mobley, E, Moll, R, Morra, M, Morrow, L, Murie, K, Nash, S, Nathwani, C, Naydenova, P, Neaverson, A, Nelson, R, Nerou, E, Nicholson, J, Nimz, T, Noell, GG, O’Meara, S, Ohan, V, Oliver, K, Olney, C, Ormond, D, Oszlanczi, A, Palmer, S, Pang, YF, Pardubska, B, Park, N, Parmar, A, Patel, G, Patel, M, Payne, M, Peacock, S, Petersen, A, Plowman, D, Preston, T, Prestwood, L, Puethe, C, Quail, M, Rajan, D, Rajatileka, S, Rance, R, Rawlings, S, Redshaw, N, Reynolds, J, Reynolds, M, Rice, S, Richardson, M, Roberts, C, Robinson, K, Robinson, M, Robinson, D, Rogers, H, Rojo, EM, Roopra, D, Rose, M, Rudd, L, Sadri, R, Salmon, N, Saul, D, Scott, C, Seekings, P, Shirley, L, Simms, A, Sivadasan, S, Siwek, B, Sizer, D, Skeldon, K, Skelton, J, Slater-Tunstill, J, Sloper, L, Smerdon, N, Smith, C, Smith, J, Smith, K, Smith, M, Smith, S, Smith, T, Sneade, L, Soria, CD, Sousa, C, Souster, E, Sparkes, A, Spencer-Chapman, M, Squares, J, Stanley, R, Steed, C, Stickland, T, Still, I, Stratton, MR, Strickland, M, Swann, A, Swiatkowska, A, Sycamore, N, Swift, E, Symons, E, Szluha, S, Taluy, E, Tao, N, Taylor, K, Taylor, S, Thompson, S, Thompson, M, Thomson, M, Thomson, N, Thurston, S, Tonkin-Hill, G, Toombs, D, Topping, B, Tovar-Corona, J, Ungureanu, D, Uphill, J, Urbanova, J, Van Vuuren, PJ, Vancollie, V, Voak, P, Walker, D, Walker, M, Waller, M, Ward, G, Weatherhogg, C, Webb, N, Weldon, D, Wells, A, Wells, E, Westwood, L, Whipp, T, Whiteley, T, Whitton, G, Whitwham, A, Widaa, S, Williams, M, Wilson, M, Wright, S, Robson, SC, Connor, TR, Loman, NJ, Golubchik, T, Martinez Nunez, RT, Bonsall, D, Rambaut, A, Snell, LB, Corden, S, Nastouli, E, Nebbia, G, Lythgoe, K, Torok, ME, Goodfellow, IG, Prieto, JA, Saeed, K, Houlihan, C, Frampton, D, Hamilton, WL, Witney, AA, Bucca, G, Pope, CF, Moore, C, Thomson, EC, Harrison, EM, Smith, CP, Rogan, F, Beckwith, SM, Murray, A, Singleton, D, Eastick, K, Sheridan, LA, Randell, P, Jackson, LM, Fairley, DJ, Loose, MW, Watkins, J, Moses, S, Nicholls, S, Bull, M, Smith, DL, Aanensen, DM, Aggarwal, D, Shepherd, JG, Curran, MD, Parmar, S, Parker, MD, Williams, C, Glaysher, S, Underwood, AP, Bashton, M, Pacchiarini, N, Loveson, KF, Byott, M, Carabelli, AM, Templeton, KE, de Silva, TI, Wang, D, Langford, CF, Gunson, RN, Cottrell, S, O’Grady, J, Kwiatkowski, D, Lillie, PJ, Cortes, N, Moore, N, Thomas, C, Burns, PJ, Mahungu, TW, Liggett, S, Beckett, AH, Holden, MTG, Levett, LJ, Osman, H, Hassan-Ibrahim, MO, Simpson, DA, Chand, M, Gupta, RK, Darby, AC, Paterson, S, Pybus, OG, Volz, EM, de Angelis, D, Robertson, DL, Page, AJ, Bassett, AR, Wong, N, Taha, Y, Erkiert, MJ, Spencer Chapman, MH, Dewar, R, McHugh, MP, Mookerjee, S, Aplin, S, Harvey, M, Sass, T, Umpleby, H, Wheeler, H, McKenna, JP, Warne, B, Taylor, JF, Chaudhry, Y, Izuagbe, R, Jahun, AS, Young, GR, McMurray, C, McCann, CM, Nelson, A, Elliott, S, Lowe, H, Price, A, Crown, MR, Rey, S, Roy, S, Temperton, B, Shaaban, S, Hesketh, AR, Laing, KG, Monahan, IM, Heaney, J, Pelosi, E, Silviera, S, Wilson-Davies, E, Fryer, H, Adams, H, du Plessis, L, Johnson, R, Harvey, WT, Hughes, J, Orton, RJ, Spurgin, LG, Bourgeois, Y, Ruis, C, O’Toole, Á, Fraser, C, Edgeworth, J, Breuer, J, Michell, SL, Todd, JA, John, M, Buck, D, Gajee, K, Kay, GL, Peacock, SJ, Heyburn, D, Kitchman, K, McNally, A, Pritchard, DT, Dervisevic, S, Muir, P, Robinson, E, Vipond, BB, Ramadan, NA, Jeanes, C, Catalan, J, Jones, N, da Silva Filipe, A, Fuchs, M, Miskelly, J, Jeffries, AR, Park, NR, Ash, A, Koshy, C, Barrow, M, Buchan, SL, Mantzouratou, A, Clark, G, Holmes, CW, Campbell, S, Davis, T, Tan, NK, Brown, JR, Harris, KA, Kidd, SP, Grant, PR, Xu-McCrae, L, Cox, A, Madona, P, Pond, M, Randell, PA, Withell, KT, Graham, C, Denton-Smith, R, Swindells, E, Turnbull, R, Sloan, TJ, Bosworth, A, Hutchings, S, Pymont, HM, Casey, A, Ratcliffe, L, Jones, CR, Knight, BA, Haque, T, Hart, J, Irish-Tavares, D, Witele, E, Mower, C, Watson, LK, Collins, J, Eltringham, G, Crudgington, D, Macklin, B, Iturriza-Gomara, M, Lucaci, AO, McClure, PC, Carlile, M, Holmes, N, Storey, N, Rooke, S, Yebra, G, Craine, N, Perry, M, Alikhan, N-F, Bridgett, S, Cook, KF, Fearn, C, Goudarzi, S, Lyons, RA, Williams, T, Haldenby, ST, Davies, RM, Batra, R, Blane, B, Spyer, MJ, Smith, P, Yavus, M, Williams, RJ, Mahanama, AIK, Samaraweera, B, Girgis, ST, Hansford, SE, Green, A, Bellis, KL, Dorman, MJ, Quick, J, Poplawski, R, Reynolds, N, Mack, A, Morriss, A, Whalley, T, Patel, B, Georgana, I, Hosmillo, M, Pinckert, ML, Stockton, J, Henderson, JH, Hollis, A, Stanley, W, Yew, WC, Myers, R, Thornton, A, Adams, A, Annett, T, Asad, H, Birchley, A, Coombes, J, Evans, JM, Fina, L, Gatica-Wilcox, B, Gilbert, L, Graham, L, Hey, J, Hilvers, E, Jones, S, Jones, H, Kumziene-Summerhayes, S, McKerr, C, Powell, J, Pugh, G, Trotter, AJ, Williams, CA, Kermack, LM, Foulkes, BH, Gallis, M, Hornsby, HR, Louka, SF, Pohare, M, Wolverson, P, Zhang, P, MacIntyre-Cockett, G, Trebes, A, Moll, RJ, Ferguson, L, Goldstein, EJ, Maclean, A, Tomb, R, Starinskij, I, Thomson, L, Southgate, J, Kraemer, MUG, Raghwani, J, Zarebski, AE, Boyd, O, Geidelberg, L, Illingworth, CJ, Jackson, C, Pascall, D, Vattipally, S, Freeman, TM, Hsu, SN, Lindsey, BB, Tovar-Corona, JM, Cox, M, Abudahab, K, Menegazzo, M, Taylor, BEW, Yeats, CA, Mukaddas, A, Wright, DW, de Oliveira Martins, L, Colquhoun, R, Hill, V, Jackson, B, McCrone, JT, Medd, N, Scher, E, Keatley, J-P, Curran, T, Morgan, S, Maxwell, P, Eldirdiri, S, Kenyon, A, Holmes, AH, Price, JR, Wyatt, T, Mather, AE, Skvortsov, T, Hartley, JA, Guest, M, Kitchen, C, Merrick, I, Munn, R, Bertolusso, B, Lynch, J, Vernet, G, Kirk, S, Wastnedge, E, Idle, G, Bradley, DT, Poyner, J, Mori, M, Jones, O, Wright, V, Brooks, E, Churcher, CM, Fragakis, M, Galai, K, Jermy, A, Judges, S, McManus, GM, Smith, KS, Westwick, E, Attwood, SW, Bolt, F, Davies, A, De Lacy, E, Downing, F, Edwards, S, Meadows, L, Jeremiah, S, Smith, N, Charalampous, T, Patel, A, Berry, L, Boswell, T, Fleming, VM, Howson-Wells, HC, Joseph, A, Khakh, M, Lister, MM, Bird, PW, Fallon, K, Helmer, T, McMurray, CL, Odedra, M, Shaw, J, Tang, JW, Willford, NJ, Blakey, V, Raviprakash, V, Sheriff, N, Williams, L-A, Feltwell, T, Bedford, L, Cargill, JS, Hughes, W, Moore, J, Stonehouse, S, Atkinson, L, Lee, JCD, Shah, D, Alcolea, A, Ohemeng-Kumi, N, Ramble, J, Sehmi, J, Williams, R, Chatterton, W, Pusok, M, Everson, W, Castigador, A, Macnaughton, E, El Bouzidi, K, Lampejo, T, Sudhanva, M, Breen, C, Sluga, G, Ahmad, SSY, George, RP, Machin, NW, Binns, D, James, V, Blacow, R, Coupland, L, Smith, L, Barton, E, Padgett, D, Scott, G, Cross, A, Mirfenderesky, M, Greenaway, J, Cole, K, Clarke, P, Duckworth, N, Walsh, S, Bicknell, K, Impey, R, Wyllie, S, Hopes, R, Bishop, C, Chalker, V, Gifford, L, Molnar, Z, Auckland, C, Evans, C, Johnson, K, Partridge, DG, Raza, M, Baker, P, Bonner, S, Essex, S, Murray, LJ, Lawton, AI, Burton-Fanning, S, Payne, BAI, Waugh, S, Gomes, AN, Kimuli, M, Murray, DR, Ashfield, P, Dobie, D, Ashford, F, Best, A, Crawford, L, Cumley, N, Mayhew, M, Megram, O, Mirza, J, Moles-Garcia, E, Percival, B, Ensell, L, Lowe, HL, Maftei, L, Mondani, M, Chaloner, NJ, Cogger, BJ, Easton, LJ, Huckson, H, Lewis, J, Lowdon, S, Malone, CS, Munemo, F, Mutingwende, M, Nicodemi, R, Podplomyk, O, Somassa, T, Beggs, A, Richter, A, Cormie, C, Dias, J, Forrest, S, Higginson, EE, Maes, M, Young, J, Davidson, RK, Jackson, KA, Turtle, L, Keeley, AJ, Ball, J, Byaruhanga, T, Chappell, JG, Dey, J, Hill, JD, Park, EJ, Fanaie, A, Hilson, RA, Yaze, G, Afifi, S, Beer, R, Maksimovic, J, Masters, KM, Spellman, K, Bresner, C, Fuller, W, Marchbank, A, Workman, T, Shelest, E, Debebe, J, Sang, F, Zamudio, ME, Francois, S, Gutierrez, B, Vasylyeva, TI, Flaviani, F, Ragonnet-Cronin, M, Smollett, KL, Broos, A, Mair, D, Nichols, J, Nomikou, K, Tong, L, Tsatsani, I, O’Brien, S, Rushton, S, Sanderson, R, Perkins, J, Cotton, S, Gallagher, A, Allara, E, Pearson, C, Bibby, D, Dabrera, G, Ellaby, N, Gallagher, E, Hubb, J, Lackenby, A, Lee, D, Manesis, N, Mbisa, T, Platt, S, Twohig, KA, Morgan, M, Aydin, A, Baker, DJ, Foster-Nyarko, E, Prosolek, SJ, Rudder, S, Baxter, C, Carvalho, SF, Lavin, D, Mariappan, A, Radulescu, C, Singh, A, Tang, M, Morcrette, H, Bayzid, N, Cotic, M, Balcazar, CE, Gallagher, MD, Maloney, D, Stanton, TD, Williamson, KA, Manley, R, Michelsen, ML, Sambles, CM, Studholme, DJ, Warwick-Dugdale, J, Eccles, R, Gemmell, M, Gregory, R, Hughes, M, Nelson, C, Rainbow, L, Vamos, EE, Webster, HJ, Whitehead, M, Wierzbicki, C, Angyal, A, Green, LR, Whiteley, M, Bronner, IF, Farr, BW, Lensing, SV, McCarthy, SA, Quail, MA, Redshaw, NM, Thurston, SAJ, Rowe, W, Gaskin, A, Le-Viet, T, Birney, E, Volz, E, Funk, S, Martincorena, I, Barrett, JC, and Gerstung, M

Abstract

The evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus leads to new variants that warrant timely epidemiological characterization. Here we use the dense genomic surveillance data generated by the COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium to reconstruct the dynamics of 71 different lineages in each of 315 English local authorities between September 2020 and June 2021. This analysis reveals a series of subepidemics that peaked in early autumn 2020, followed by a jump in transmissibility of the B.1.1.7/Alpha lineage. The Alpha variant grew when other lineages declined during the second national lockdown and regionally tiered restrictions between November and December 2020. A third more stringent national lockdown suppressed the Alpha variant and eliminated nearly all other lineages in early 2021. Yet a series of variants (most of which contained the spike E484K mutation) defied these trends and persisted at moderately increasing proportions. However, by accounting for sustained introductions, we found that the transmissibility of these variants is unlikely to have exceeded the transmissibility of the Alpha variant. Finally, B.1.617.2/Delta was repeatedly introduced in England and grew rapidly in early summer 2021, constituting approximately 98% of sampled SARS-CoV-2 genomes on 26 June 2021.

Published
2021

63. 333TiP AMEERA-1: Phase I/II study of amcenestrant (SAR439859), an oral selective estrogen receptor (ER) degrader (SERD), with alpelisib in postmenopausal women with ER+/ human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2–) PIK3CA-mutated advanced breast cancer

Author

Campone, M., primary, Bardia, A., additional, Kabos, P., additional, Chandarlapaty, S., additional, Neven, P., additional, Boni, V., additional, Lord, S., additional, Cartot-Cotton, S., additional, Celanovic, M., additional, Gosselin, A., additional, Pelekanou, V., additional, and Linden, H.M., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

64. The Horyzons project: a randomized controlled trial of a novel online social therapy to maintain treatment effects from specialist first-episode psychosis services

Author

Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Koval, P, Schmaal, L, Bendall, S, O'Sullivan, S, Cagliarini, D, D'Alfonso, S, Rice, S, Valentine, L, Penn, D L, Miles, C, Russon, P, Phillips, J, McEnery, C, Lederman, R, Killackey, E, Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Gonzalez-Blanch, C, Gilbertson, T, Lal, S, Cotton, S M, Herrman, H, McGorry, P D, Gleeson, J F M, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Koval, P, Schmaal, L, Bendall, S, O'Sullivan, S, Cagliarini, D, D'Alfonso, S, Rice, S, Valentine, L, Penn, D L, Miles, C, Russon, P, Phillips, J, McEnery, C, Lederman, R, Killackey, E, Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Gonzalez-Blanch, C, Gilbertson, T, Lal, S, Cotton, S M, Herrman, H, McGorry, P D, and Gleeson, J F M

Published
2021

65. Training future generations to deliver evidence‐based conservation and ecosystem management

Author

Downey, H, Amano, T, Cadotte, M, Cook, CN, Cooke, SJ, Haddaway, NR, Jones, JPG, Littlewood, N, Walsh, JC, Abrahams, MI, Adum, G, Akasaka, M, Alves, JA, Antwis, RE, Arellano, EC, Axmacher, J, Barclay, H, Batty, L, Benítez‐López, A, Bennett, JR, Berg, MJ, Bertolino, S, Biggs, D, Bolam, FC, Bray, T, Brook, BW, Bull, JW, Burivalova, Z, Cabeza, M, Chauvenet, ALM, Christie, AP, Cole, L, Cotton, AJ, Cotton, S, Cousins, SAO, Craven, D, Cresswell, W, Cusack, JJ, Dalrymple, SE, Davies, ZG, Diaz, A, Dodd, JA, Felton, A, Fleishman, E, Gardner, CJ, Garside, R, Ghoddousi, A, Gilroy, JJ, Gill, DA, Gill, JA, Glew, L, Grainger, MJ, Grass, AA, Greshon, S, Gundry, J, Hart, T, Hopkins, CR, Howe, C, Johnson, A, Jones, KW, Jordan, NR, Kadoya, T, Kerhoas, D, Koricheva, J, Lee, TM, Lengyel, S, Livingstone, SW, Lyons, A, McCabe, G, Millett, J, Strevens, CM, Moolna, A, Mossman, HL, Mukherjee, N, Muñoz‐Sáez, A, Negrões, N, Norfolk, O, Osawa, T, Papworth, S, Park, KJ, Pellet, J, Phillott, AD, Plotnik, JM, Priatna, D, Ramos, AG, Randall, N, Richards, RM, Ritchie, Euan G, Roberts, DL, Rocha, R, Rodríguez, JP, Sanderson, R, Sasaki, T, Savilaakso, S, Sayer, C, Sekercioglu, C, Senzaki, M, Smith, G, Smith, RJ, Soga, M, Soulsbury, CD, Steer, MD, Stewart, G, Strange, EF, Suggitt, AJ, Thompson, RRJ, Thompson, S, Thornhill, I, Trevelyan, RJ, Usieta, HO, Venter, O, Webber, AD, White, RL, Whittingham, MJ, Wilby, A, Yarnell, RW, Zamora, V, Sutherland, WJ, Downey, H, Amano, T, Cadotte, M, Cook, CN, Cooke, SJ, Haddaway, NR, Jones, JPG, Littlewood, N, Walsh, JC, Abrahams, MI, Adum, G, Akasaka, M, Alves, JA, Antwis, RE, Arellano, EC, Axmacher, J, Barclay, H, Batty, L, Benítez‐López, A, Bennett, JR, Berg, MJ, Bertolino, S, Biggs, D, Bolam, FC, Bray, T, Brook, BW, Bull, JW, Burivalova, Z, Cabeza, M, Chauvenet, ALM, Christie, AP, Cole, L, Cotton, AJ, Cotton, S, Cousins, SAO, Craven, D, Cresswell, W, Cusack, JJ, Dalrymple, SE, Davies, ZG, Diaz, A, Dodd, JA, Felton, A, Fleishman, E, Gardner, CJ, Garside, R, Ghoddousi, A, Gilroy, JJ, Gill, DA, Gill, JA, Glew, L, Grainger, MJ, Grass, AA, Greshon, S, Gundry, J, Hart, T, Hopkins, CR, Howe, C, Johnson, A, Jones, KW, Jordan, NR, Kadoya, T, Kerhoas, D, Koricheva, J, Lee, TM, Lengyel, S, Livingstone, SW, Lyons, A, McCabe, G, Millett, J, Strevens, CM, Moolna, A, Mossman, HL, Mukherjee, N, Muñoz‐Sáez, A, Negrões, N, Norfolk, O, Osawa, T, Papworth, S, Park, KJ, Pellet, J, Phillott, AD, Plotnik, JM, Priatna, D, Ramos, AG, Randall, N, Richards, RM, Ritchie, Euan G, Roberts, DL, Rocha, R, Rodríguez, JP, Sanderson, R, Sasaki, T, Savilaakso, S, Sayer, C, Sekercioglu, C, Senzaki, M, Smith, G, Smith, RJ, Soga, M, Soulsbury, CD, Steer, MD, Stewart, G, Strange, EF, Suggitt, AJ, Thompson, RRJ, Thompson, S, Thornhill, I, Trevelyan, RJ, Usieta, HO, Venter, O, Webber, AD, White, RL, Whittingham, MJ, Wilby, A, Yarnell, RW, Zamora, V, and Sutherland, WJ

Published
2021

66. Multi-route respiratory infection: When a transmission route may dominate

Author

Gao, CX, Li, Y, Wei, J, Cotton, S, Hamilton, M, Wang, L, Cowling, BJ, Gao, CX, Li, Y, Wei, J, Cotton, S, Hamilton, M, Wang, L, and Cowling, BJ

Abstract

The exact transmission route of many respiratory infectious diseases remains a subject for debate to date. The relative contribution ratio of each transmission route is largely undetermined, which is affected by environmental conditions, human behaviour, the host and the microorganism. In this study, a detailed mathematical model is developed to investigate the relative contributions of different transmission routes to a multi-route transmitted respiratory infection. The following transmission routes are considered: long-range airborne transmission, short-range airborne transmission, direction inhalation of medium droplets or droplet nuclei, direct deposition of droplets of all sizes, direct and indirect contact route. It is illustrated that all transmission routes can dominate the total transmission risk under different scenarios. Influential parameters considered include the dose-response rate of different routes, droplet governing size that determines pathogen content in droplets, exposure distance, and pathogen dose transported to the hand of infector. Our multi-route transmission model provided a comprehensive but straightforward method to evaluate the probability of respiratory diseases transmission via different routes. It also established a basis for predicting the impact of individual-level intervention methods such as increasing close-contact distance and wearing protective masks.

Published
2021

67. Telephone-based motivational interviewing enhanced with individualised personality-specific coping skills training for young people with alcohol-related injuries and illnesses accessing emergency or rest/recovery services: a randomized controlled trial (QuikFix)

Author

Hides, L, Quinn, C, Chan, G, Cotton, S, Pocuca, N, Connor, JP, Witkiewitz, K, Daglish, MRC, Young, RM, Stoyanov, S, Kavanagh, DJ, Hides, L, Quinn, C, Chan, G, Cotton, S, Pocuca, N, Connor, JP, Witkiewitz, K, Daglish, MRC, Young, RM, Stoyanov, S, and Kavanagh, DJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Recent meta-analyses of motivational interviewing (MI) for reducing risky alcohol use in young people have reported modest effects. Few studies have targeted individual patient factors to increase MI effectiveness. This study determined if MI enhanced with individualised personality-specific coping skills training (QuikFix) was more efficacious than standard MI or an assessment feedback/information (AF/I) control among young people with alcohol-related injuries or illnesses. DESIGN AND SETTING: Single-centre, single-blind, three-group superiority randomized controlled trial with 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-months follow-ups. Telephone intervention, Brisbane, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 398 young people (16-25 years; M age = 20.30 years, SD = 2.12; 54% female) with alcohol-related injuries and/or illnesses were recruited from an emergency department (ED) or rest/recovery service (RRS). MEASURES: The primary outcome was total standard (10 g ethanol) drinks in the past month (Timeline Follow back [TLFB]) at 12 months (primary time point). Secondary outcomes were total drinking days and standard drinks per drinking day (TLFB) in the past month and the frequency of alcohol-related problems in the past 3 months (Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index). INTERVENTIONS: Young people were randomized to two sessions of QuikFix enhanced with individualised personality-specific coping skills training (n = 132), two sessions of MI (n = 136) or one session of AF/I (n = 130), all delivered by telehealth. FINDINGS: QuikFix resulted in greater reductions (all P < 0.0017) in the primary outcome of total standard drinks (M = 19.50, CI 99.75% = [11.31, 27.68]) than both MI (M = 32.61, CI 99.75% = [24.82, 40.40]; Cohen's D = 0.40) and AF/I (M = 34.12, CI 99.75% = [26.59, 41.65]; D = 0.45) at 12 months (retention n = 324/398, 81%). QuikFix had greater reductions on drinking days (M = 3.16, CI 99.75% = [2.37, 3.96]) than both MI (M = 4.53, CI 99.75% = [3.57, 5.48];D = 0.38) and A

Published
2021

68. Influence of childhood trauma on the treatment outcomes of pharmacological and/or psychological interventions for adolescents and adults with bipolar disorder: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Wrobel, A, Russell, SE, Dean, OM, Cotton, S, Berk, M, Turner, A, Wrobel, A, Russell, SE, Dean, OM, Cotton, S, Berk, M, and Turner, A

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Despite available pharmacological and psychological treatments, remission rates for bipolar disorder remain relatively low. Current research implicates the experience of childhood trauma as a potential moderator of poor treatment outcomes among individuals with bipolar disorder. To date, the evidence reporting the influence of childhood trauma on the treatment outcomes of pharmacological and/or psychological interventions for adolescents and adults with bipolar disorder has not been systematically reviewed. METHOD AND ANALYSIS: MEDLINE Complete, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be searched to identify randomised and nonrandomised studies of pharmacological and/or psychological interventions for bipolar disorder, which also assessed childhood trauma. To be eligible for inclusion, studies must have been conducted with adolescents or adults (≥10 years). Data will be screened and extracted by two independent reviewers. The methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. If deemed viable, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model. Heterogeneity of evidence will be estimated with the I² statistics. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review will use only previously published data. Therefore, ethical approval is not required. The results will be written in concordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines, published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020201891.

Published
2021

69. Tibial nerve stimulation compared with sham to reduce incontinence in care home residents: ELECTRIC RCT

Author

Booth, J, Aucott, L, Cotton, S, Davis, B, Fenocchi, L, Goodman, C, Hagen, S, Harari, D, Lawrence, M, Lowndes, A, Macaulay, L, MacLennan, G, Mason, H, McClurg, D, Norrie, J, Norton, C, O’Dolan, C, Skelton, D, Surr, C, Treweek, S, Booth, J, Aucott, L, Cotton, S, Davis, B, Fenocchi, L, Goodman, C, Hagen, S, Harari, D, Lawrence, M, Lowndes, A, Macaulay, L, MacLennan, G, Mason, H, McClurg, D, Norrie, J, Norton, C, O’Dolan, C, Skelton, D, Surr, C, and Treweek, S

Abstract

Background Urinary incontinence is prevalent in nursing and residential care homes, and has a profound impact on residents’ dignity and quality of life. Treatment options are limited in these care contexts and care homes predominantly use absorbent pads to contain incontinence, rather than actively treat it. Transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation is a non-invasive, safe, low-cost intervention that is effective in reducing urinary incontinence in adults. Objective To determine the clinical effectiveness of transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation to treat urinary incontinence in care home residents and to determine the associated costs of the treatment. Design A multicentre, pragmatic, participant and outcome assessor-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial. Setting A total of 37 UK residential and nursing care homes. Participants Care home residents with at least weekly urinary incontinence that is contained using absorbent pads and who are able to use a toilet/toilet aid with or without assistance. Interventions Residents were randomised (1 : 1) to receive 12 30-minute sessions of transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation or sham stimulation over a 6-week period. Main outcome measures Primary outcome – change in volume of urine leaked over a 24-hour period at 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes – number of pads used, Perception of Bladder Condition, toileting skills, quality of life and resource use. Results A total of 408 residents were randomised (transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation, n = 197; sham stimulation, n = 209); two exclusions occurred post randomisation. Primary outcome data were available for 345 (85%) residents (transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation, n = 167; sham stimulation, n = 178). Adherence to the intervention protocol was as follows: 78% of the transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation group and 71% of the sham group received the correct stimulation. Primary intention-to-treat adjusted ana

Published
2021

70. Cost-effectiveness of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy, endovenous laser ablation or surgery as treatment for primary varicose veins from the randomized CLASS trial: Coste-efectividad de la escleroterapia con espuma guiada por ecografía, ablación endovenosa con láser o cirugía como tratamiento de las varices primarias derivado del ensayo aleatorizado CLASS

Author

Tassie, E., Scotland, G., Brittenden, J., Cotton, S. C., Elders, A., Campbell, M. K., Campbell, B., Gough, M., Burr, J. M., and Ramsay, C. R.

Published
2014

76. PND62 China Adelphi Abstract

Author

Zhao, H., primary, Zhang, L., additional, Ford, J., additional, Li, Z., additional, Zhong, S., additional, Ye, W., additional, Li, J., additional, Tockhorn-Heidenreich, A., additional, Cotton, S., additional, and Chen, C., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

81. Perspectives of patients, carers and mental health staff on early warning signs of relapse in psychosis: a qualitative investigation

Author

Allan, S, Bradstreet, S, McLeod, HJ, Gleeson, J, Farhall, J, Lambrou, M, Clark, A, Gumley, A, Ainsworth, J, Bucci, S, Lewis, S, Machin, M, Yung, A, AlvarezJiminez, M, Cotton, S, Lederman, R, Birchwood, M, Singh, S, Thompson, A, Briggs, A, Williams, C, French, P, MacLennan, G, Mihalopolous, C, Norrie, J, Schwannauer, M, Reilly, F, Smith, L, Sundram, S, Allan, S, Bradstreet, S, McLeod, HJ, Gleeson, J, Farhall, J, Lambrou, M, Clark, A, Gumley, A, Ainsworth, J, Bucci, S, Lewis, S, Machin, M, Yung, A, AlvarezJiminez, M, Cotton, S, Lederman, R, Birchwood, M, Singh, S, Thompson, A, Briggs, A, Williams, C, French, P, MacLennan, G, Mihalopolous, C, Norrie, J, Schwannauer, M, Reilly, F, Smith, L, and Sundram, S

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Relapse prevention strategies based on monitoring of early warning signs (EWS) are advocated for the management of psychosis. However, there has been a lack of research exploring how staff, carers and patients make sense of the utility of EWS, or how these are implemented in context. AIMS: To develop a multiperspective theory of how EWS are understood and used, which is grounded in the experiences of mental health staff, carers and patients. METHOD: Twenty-five focus groups were held across Glasgow and Melbourne (EMPOWER Trial, ISRCTN: 99559262). Participants comprised 88 mental health staff, 21 patients and 40 carers from UK and Australia (total n = 149). Data were analysed using constructivist grounded theory. RESULTS: All participants appeared to recognise EWS and acknowledged the importance of responding to EWS to support relapse prevention. However, recognition of and acting on EWS were constructed in a context of uncertainty, which appeared linked to risk appraisals that were dependent on distinct stakeholder roles and experiences. Within current relapse management, a process of weighted decision-making (where one factor was seen as more important than others) described how stakeholders weighed up the risks and consequences of relapse alongside the risks and consequences of intervention and help-seeking. CONCLUSIONS: Mental health staff, carers and patients speak about using EWS within a weighted decision-making process, which is acted out in the context of relationships that exist in current relapse management, rather than an objective response to specific signs and symptoms.

Published
2020

82. Schistosoma mansoni immunomodulatory molecule Sm16/SPO-1/SmSLP is a member of the trematode-specific helminth defence molecules (HDMs).

Author

Shiels, J, Cwiklinski, K, Alvarado, R, Thivierge, K, Cotton, S, Gonzales Santana, B, To, J, Donnelly, S, Taggart, CC, Weldon, S, Dalton, JP, Shiels, J, Cwiklinski, K, Alvarado, R, Thivierge, K, Cotton, S, Gonzales Santana, B, To, J, Donnelly, S, Taggart, CC, Weldon, S, and Dalton, JP

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sm16, also known as SPO-1 and SmSLP, is a low molecular weight protein (~16kDa) secreted by the digenean trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni, one of the main causative agents of human schistosomiasis. The molecule is secreted from the acetabular gland of the cercariae during skin invasion and is believed to perform an immune-suppressive function to protect the invading parasite from innate immune cell attack. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We show that Sm16 homologues of the Schistosomatoidea family are phylogenetically related to the helminth defence molecule (HDM) family of immunomodulatory peptides first described in Fasciola hepatica. Interrogation of 69 helminths genomes demonstrates that HDMs are exclusive to trematode species. Structural analyses of Sm16 shows that it consists predominantly of an amphipathic alpha-helix, much like other HDMs. In S. mansoni, Sm16 is highly expressed in the cercariae and eggs but not in adult worms, suggesting that the molecule is of importance not only during skin invasion but also in the pro-inflammatory response to eggs in the liver tissues. Recombinant Sm16 and a synthetic form, Sm16 (34-117), bind to macrophages and are internalised into the endosomal/lysosomal system. Sm16 (34-117) elicited a weak pro-inflammatory response in macrophages in vitro but also suppressed the production of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokines. Evaluation of the transcriptome of human macrophages treated with a synthetic Sm16 (34-117) demonstrates that the peptide exerts significant immunomodulatory effects alone, as well as in the presence of LPS. Pathways most significantly influenced by Sm16 (34-117) were those involving transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and liver X receptors/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) which are intricately involved in regulating the cellular metabolism of macrophages (fatty acid, cholesterol and glucose homeostasis) and are central to infla

Published
2020

94. Scanning the Issue

Author

Ai, B., primary, Molisch, A. F., additional, Rupp, M., additional, Zhong, Z.-D., additional, Zhang, X.-Y., additional, Liu, C.-L., additional, Suen, C. Y., additional, Kibilda, J., additional, MacKenzie, A. B., additional, Abdel-Rahman, M. J., additional, Yoo, S. K., additional, Giordano, L. Galati, additional, Cotton, S. L., additional, Marchetti, N., additional, Saad, W., additional, Scanlon, W. G., additional, Garcia-Rodriguez, A., additional, Lopez-Perez, D., additional, Claussen, H., additional, DaSilva, L. A., additional, Tan, H. Z., additional, Choi, S., additional, Lau, F. W. Y., additional, and Abnousi, F., additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results