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53. Expose

Author

Cottin, Hervé, Gargaud, Muriel, editor, Amils, Ricardo, editor, Quintanilla, José Cernicharo, editor, Cleaves, Henderson James (Jim), II, editor, Irvine, William M., editor, Pinti, Daniele L., editor, and Viso, Michel, editor

Published
2011
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55. Deep Impact

Author

Cottin, Hervé, Gargaud, Muriel, editor, Irvine, William M., editor, Amils, Ricardo, editor, Cleaves, Henderson James (Jim), II, editor, Pinti, Daniele L., editor, Quintanilla, José Cernicharo, editor, Rouan, Daniel, editor, Spohn, Tilman, editor, Tirard, Stéphane, editor, and Viso, Michel, editor

Published
2015
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56. Polyoxymethylene

Author

Cottin, Hervé, Gargaud, Muriel, editor, Irvine, William M., editor, Amils, Ricardo, editor, Cleaves, Henderson James (Jim), II, editor, Pinti, Daniele L., editor, Quintanilla, José Cernicharo, editor, Rouan, Daniel, editor, Spohn, Tilman, editor, Tirard, Stéphane, editor, and Viso, Michel, editor

Published
2015
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57. Philae Lander

Author

Cottin, Hervé, Gargaud, Muriel, editor, Irvine, William M., editor, Amils, Ricardo, editor, Cleaves, Henderson James (Jim), II, editor, Pinti, Daniele L., editor, Quintanilla, José Cernicharo, editor, Rouan, Daniel, editor, Spohn, Tilman, editor, Tirard, Stéphane, editor, and Viso, Michel, editor

Published
2015
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58. 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

Author

Cottin, Hervé, Gargaud, Muriel, editor, Irvine, William M., editor, Amils, Ricardo, editor, Cleaves, Henderson James (Jim), II, editor, Pinti, Daniele L., editor, Quintanilla, José Cernicharo, editor, Rouan, Daniel, editor, Spohn, Tilman, editor, Tirard, Stéphane, editor, and Viso, Michel, editor

Published
2015
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61. Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko sheds dust coat accumulated over the past four years

Author

Schulz, Rita, Hilchenbach, Martin, Langevin, Yves, Kissel, Jochen, Silen, Johan, Briois, Christelle, Engrand, Cecile, Hornung, Klaus, Baklouti, Donia, Bardyn, Anaïs, Cottin, Hervé, Fischer, Henning, Fray, Nicolas, Godard, Marie, Lehto, Harry, Le Roy, Léna, Merouane, Sihane, Orthous-Daunay, François-Régis, Paquette, John, Rynö, Jouni, Siljeström, Sandra, Stenzel, Oliver, Thirkell, Laurent, Varmuza, Kurt, and Zaprudin, Boris

Published
2015
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68. AMBITION – comet nucleus cryogenic sample return

Author

Bockelée-Morvan, D., primary, Filacchione, Gianrico, additional, Altwegg, Kathrin, additional, Bianchi, Eleonora, additional, Bizzarro, Martin, additional, Blum, Jürgen, additional, Bonal, Lydie, additional, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, additional, Choukroun, Mathieu, additional, Codella, Claudio, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Davidsson, Björn, additional, De Sanctis, Maria Cristina, additional, Drozdovskaya, Maria N., additional, Engrand, Cécile, additional, Galand, Marina, additional, Güttler, Carsten, additional, Henri, Pierre, additional, Herique, Alain, additional, Ivanovski, Stavro, additional, Kokotanekova, Rosita, additional, Levasseur-Regourd, Anny-Chantal, additional, Miller, Kelly E., additional, Rotundi, Alessandra, additional, Schönbächler, Maria, additional, Snodgrass, Colin, additional, Thomas, Nicolas, additional, Tubiana, Cecilia, additional, Ulamec, Stephan, additional, and Vincent, Jean-Baptiste, additional

Published
2021
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69. Darwin—an experimental astronomy mission to search for extrasolar planets

Author

Cockell, Charles S., Herbst, Tom, Léger, Alain, Absil, O., Beichman, Charles, Benz, Willy, Brack, Andre, Chazelas, Bruno, Chelli, Alain, Cottin, Hervé, Coudé du Foresto, Vincent, Danchi, William, Defrère, Denis, den Herder, Jan-Willem, Eiroa, Carlos, Fridlund, Malcolm, Henning, Thomas, Johnston, Kenneth, Kaltenegger, Lisa, Labadie, Lucas, Lammer, Helmut, Launhardt, Ralf, Lawson, Peter, Lay, Oliver P., Liseau, Rene’, Martin, Stefan R., Mawet, Dimitri, Mourard, Denis, Moutou, Claire, Mugnier, Laurent, Paresce, Francesco, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Rabbia, Yves, Rottgering, Huub J. A., Rouan, Daniel, Santos, Nuno, Selsis, Franck, Serabyn, Eugene, Westall, Frances, White, Glenn, Ollivier, Marc, and Bordé, Pascale

Published
2009
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70. Influence of Calcium Perchlorate on the Search for Organics on Mars with Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide Thermochemolysis

Author

He, Yuanyuan, primary, Buch, Arnaud, additional, Szopa, Cyril, additional, Williams, Amy J., additional, Millan, Maëva, additional, Malespin, Charles A., additional, Glavin, Daniel P., additional, Freissinet, Caroline, additional, Eigenbrode, Jennifer L., additional, Teinturier, Samuel, additional, Coscia, David, additional, Bonnet, Jean-Yves, additional, Stern, Jennifer C., additional, Stalport, Fabien, additional, Guzman, Melissa, additional, Chaouche-Mechidal, Naila, additional, Lu, Pin, additional, Navarro-Gonzalez, Rafael, additional, Butin, Vincent, additional, El Bekri, Jamila, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Johnson, Sarah, additional, Cabane, Michel, additional, and Mahaffy, Paul R., additional

Published
2021
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71. AMBITION, the Comet Nucleus Cryogenic Sample Return mission for ESA Voyage 2050 program

Author

Filacchione, Gianrico, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Altwegg, Kathrin, Bianchi, Eleonora, Bizzarro, Martin, Blum, Jürgen, Bonal, Lydie, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Codella, Claudio, Choukroun, Mathieu, Cottin, Hervé, Davidsson, Björn, De Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Drozdovskaya, Maria, Engrand, Cécile, Galand, Marina, Güttler, Carsten, Henri, Pierre, Hérique, Alain, Ivanovski, Stavro L., Kokotanekova, Rosita, Levasseur-Regourd, Anny Chantal, Miller, Kelly E., Rotundi, Alessandra, Schönbächler, Maria, Snodgrass, Colin, Thomas, Nicolas, Tubiana, Cécilia, Ulamec, Stefan, Vincent, Jean-Baptiste, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Centre for Star and Planet Formation (STARPLAN), Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Center for Space and Habitability (CSH), University of Bern, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), European Southern Observatory [Garching], PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), University of Edinburgh, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Köln] (DLR), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Cardon, Catherine, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universität Bern [Bern], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

72. Dimerization of Uracil in a Simulated Mars-like UV Radiation Environment

Author

Rouquette, Laura, primary, Stalport, Fabien, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Colas, Cyril, additional, Georgelin, Thomas, additional, Chaouche-Mechidal, Naïla, additional, Lasne, Jerome, additional, Mahfouf, Sara, additional, Raulin, François, additional, Selliez, Laura, additional, Szopa, Cyril, additional, and Coll, Patrice, additional

Published
2020
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76. Comet, Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author

Cottin, Herve, Gargaud, Muriel, editor, Amils, Ricardo, editor, Quintanilla, José Cernicharo, editor, Cleaves, Henderson James (Jim), II, editor, Irvine, William M., editor, Pinti, Daniele L., editor, and Viso, Michel, editor

Published
2011
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77. Composition of cometary particles collected during two periods of the Rosetta mission: multivariate evaluation of mass spectral data

Author

Varmuza, Kurt, primary, Filzmoser, Peter, additional, Fray, Nicolas, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Merouane, Sihane, additional, Stenzel, Oliver, additional, Paquette, John, additional, Kissel, Jochen, additional, Briois, Christelle, additional, Baklouti, Donia, additional, Bardyn, Anaïs, additional, Siljeström, Sandra, additional, Silén, Johan, additional, and Hilchenbach, Martin, additional

Published
2020
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79. AMBITION Comet Nucleus Cryogenic Sample Return

Author

Bockelée-Morvan, D., Filacchione, Gianrico, Altwegg, Kathrin, Bianchi, Eleonora, Bizzarro, Martin, Blum, Jürgen, Bonal, Lydie, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Codella, Claudio, Choukroun, Mathieu, Cottin, Hervé, Davidsson, Björn, De Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Drozdovskaya, Maria, Engrand, Cécile, Galand, Marina, Güttler, Carsten, Henri, Pierre, Herique, Alain, Ivanoski, Stavro, Kokotanekova, Rosita, Levasseur-Regourd, Anny Chantal, Miller, Kelly E., Rotundi, Alessandra, Schönbächler, Maria, Snodgrass, Colin, Thomas, Nicolas, Tubiana, Cecilia, Ulamec, Stefan, Vincent, Jean-Baptiste, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Star and Planet Formation (STARPLAN), Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Natural History Museum of Denmark, Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Space and Habitability (CSH), University of Bern, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space and Atmospheric Physics Group [London], Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, Department of Physics [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), European Southern Observatory (ESO), IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Department of Earth Sciences [ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), University of Edinburgh, German Aerospace Center (DLR), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

This white paper proposes that AMBITION, a Comet Nucleus Sample Return mission, be a cornerstone of ESA's Voyage 2050 programme. We summarise some of the most important questions still open in cometary science after the successes of the Rosetta mission, many of which require sample analysis using techniques that are only possible in laboratories on Earth. We then summarise measurements, instrumentation and mission scenarios that can address these questions, with a recommendation that ESA select an ambitious cryogenic sample return mission. Rendezvous missions to Main Belt comets and Centaurs are compelling cases for M-class missions, expanding our knowledge by exploring new classes of comets. AMBITION would engage a wide community, drawing expertise from a vast range of disciplines within planetary science and astrophysics. With AMBITION, Europe will continue its leadership in the exploration of the most primitive Solar System bodies., 8 figures, 26 pages

Published
2019

80. The Post-Rosetta Understanding of the Fate of Cometary Dust

Author

Levasseur-Regourd, Anny Chantal, Bentley, Mark, Cottin, Hervé, Engrand, Cécile, Freissinet, Caroline, Hadamcik, Edith, Langevin, Yves, Lasue, Jérémie, Mannel, Thurid, Merouane, Sihane, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Cardon, Catherine, IMPEC - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Thanks to its long duration, the Rosetta mission has provided a unique insight into the properties of dust particles released by 67P/C-G nucleus, and ascertained the links between cometary dust and CP-IDPs or UCAMMs [1]. Minerals to organics proportions are quite comparable within the refractory phase, in which carbon-bearing compounds present high-molecular masses [2-4]. Dust particles consist of aggregates of smaller grains and present hierarchical structures, with morphologies ranging from extremely porous to almost compact [5-7].The refractory materials released in comae (monitored with ≈ 4-1.2 au solar distance range for 67P/C-G), subjected to gravitational and non-gravitational forces, build up dust tails and trails, and progressively become parts of the zodiacal cloud, i.e. the lenticular-shaped interplanetary dust cloud. The small dust particles spiral towards the Sun under Poynting-Robertson effect, with migration times in the 300-50000 years range for micron-sized grains with densities about 100-1000 kg m-3 released at solar distances about 4-1.2 au [8]. Such dust particles happen to encounter the Earth atmosphere. Independent approaches have established that most of the near-Earth interplanetary dust comes from Jupiter Family comets, such as 67P/C-G [9-11], which orbit in the vicinity of the ecliptic plane.Updates of our present understanding of dust in 67P/C-G will be proposed. Through various numerical and experimental simulations [e.g. 12], the changes in composition and in physical properties of cometary dust particles in the interplanetary dust cloud will be discussed, as a function of time and of solar distance. The possible implications, for the early evolution of terrestrial planets, of the properties of the cometary dust component in the interplanetary dust cloud will be tentatively addressed.1. Levasseur-Regourd et al. SSR 2018. 2. Goesmann et al. Science 2015. 3. Fray et al. Nature 2016. 4. Bardyn et al. MNRAS 2017. 5. Bentley et al. Nature 2016. 6. Langevin et al. Icarus 2016. 7. Mannel et al. MNRAS 2017. 8. Saïagh PhD Thesis UPE 2014. 9. Lasue et al. Astron. Astrophys. 2007. 10. Nesvorny et al. ApJ 2010. 11. Rowan-Robinson and May MNRAS 2013. 12. Hadamcik et al. PSS 2018.

Published
2018

81. Chemical Aging of Titan's Tholins Exposed to Solar Radiation in Low Earth Orbit onboard the EXPOSE Facility

Author

Szopa, Cyril, Carrasco, Nathalie, Coll, Patrice, Raulin, François, Cottin, Hervé, Chaput, Didier, Grira, Katia, Khalaf, Diana, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Cardon, Catherine, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), IMPEC - LATMOS, and Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
hazes, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Origin of life, clouds, [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Titan, Planetary atmospheres
Abstract

International audience; Titan's organic aerosols are produced from the chemistry occurring in the atmosphere from gaseous N2 and CH4 submitted to UV solar radiation and energetic particles from Saturn magnetosphere. Our direct knowledge about their chemical composition is limited but we know they are among the most complex organic materials on Titan, composed of a solid core incorporating at least both carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen atoms. This chemistry is unique in the solar system and it could help understanding pathways of the prebiotic chemistry that resulted in the emergence of life. Titan's aerosols composition is indirectly studied through the production and analysis of analogues, called tholins, using laboratory experiments which mimic Titan's atmosphere chemistry conditions. But usually, these tholins are analyzed straight after their production, and it is only recently that the question of their aging was raised. In particular, the aging of the Titan's aerosols submitted to solar radiation during their long descent to the satellite surface was studied in the laboratory using specific UV wavelengths (1). With the same objective, Titan's tholins were exposed to the direct solar radiation in low Earth orbit using the ESA's EXPOSE facility mounted outside the ISS for months. Two varieties of tholins with different chemical properties were produced with the PAMPRE laboratory experiment (2), the first one using a (98:2) N2:CH4 gaseous mixture, and the other one, a (90:10) one. Increasing the amount of initial methane results in a more aliphatic material. These samples were exposed to the same solar radiation for the months the EXPOSE facility was mounted outside ISS. The chemical properties of these samples measured before the flight and after their return to the laboratory were compared. They clearly showed that both tholins structure have been modified in some extent by the solar radiation. Thanks to control samples placed in the EXPOSE facility in blind cells, and in a facility in the laboratory, this evolution can be definitely attributed to UV radiation. We present here the corresponding results and the consequences we can deduce for the aging of the Titan's aerosols Ref:[1]Carrasco N.(2018) Nat. Ast. [2] Szopa C. (2005) Planet. Space Sci.

Published
2018

83. Photochemistry of organic molecules in the Solar System: experimental studies outside the International Space Station. The cases of glycine, and nucleobases

Author

Cottin, Hervé, Strazzulla, Giovanni, Dobrijevic, M., Westall, Frances, Coussot, Gaelle, Le Postollec, A., Fray, Nicolas, Chaput, Didier, Quinn, Richard, Mattioda, . Andrew, Baratta, Giuseppe, Accolla, Mario, Georgelin, Thomas, Stalport, Fabien, Rouquette, Laura, Szopa, Cyril, Saiagh, Kafila, Bellila, Jodie, Grira, Katia, Elsaesser, Andreas, Carrasco, Nathalie, Dass, Avinash-Vicholous, Palumbo, M. E., Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), ASP 2018, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Experimental Molecular Biophysics [Berlin], Fachbereich Physik [Berlin], Freie Universität Berlin-Freie Universität Berlin, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fachbereich Physik [Freie Univeristät Berlin] | Department of Physics [Freie Univeristät Berlin], Pomies, Marie-Paule, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and IMPEC - LATMOS

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract

International audience; Solar UV radiation is a major source of energy for initiating chemical evolution towards complex organic structures, but it can also photo-dissociate even the most complex molecules. Thus, solar UV can erase the organic traces of past life at the surface of planets, such as Mars, destroy organic molecules present on meteorites and micrometeorites, influence the production of distributed sources in comets or initiate chemistry in Titan's atmosphere. In the interstellar medium, the UV radiation field emitted by stars in the galaxy is also responsible for the chemical evolution and the extraordinary diversity of organic molecules detected. PSS (Photochemistry on the Space Station) was a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) experiment, implemented from mid-2014 to early 2016 on the EXPOSE-R2 platform outside the International Space Station. Its goal was to improve our knowledge about the chemical nature and evolution of organic molecules with astrobiological implications in space environments. It was a new step in a series of experiments conducted outside the MIR space station, in the ESA BIOPAN and previous EXPOSE facilities. In PSS, both vented and sealed cells were used allowing exposure of both solid and gaseous samples. Five kinds of experiments was carried out exposing molecules related to different environmental factors of astrobiological significance: the interstellar medium, comets & meteorites, Titan, Mars, as well as a set of samples to test the stability of biochips in space. In this talk we will describe the PSS experiment and focus on some results related to the stability of some prebioticaly relevant compounds such as glycine, the simplest amino acid, and nucleobases such as uracil, guanine and adenine. These molecules were both exposed in Low Earth Orbit and studied in the laboratory in order to derive their photochemical lifetime if they are ejected from comets on dust particles and orbit around the Sun before reaching the Earth as micrometeorites. The results can lead to better understand the contribution of cometary particles in the establishment of an organic reservoir on primitive Earth.

Published
2018

84. Significance of variables for discrimination: Applied to the search of organic ions in mass spectra measured on cometary particles

Author

Varmuza, Kurt, Filzmoser, Peter, Hoffmann, Irene, Walach, Jan, Cottin, Hervé, Fray, Nicolas, Briois, Christelle, Modica, Paola, Bardyn, Anaïs, Silén, Johan, Siljeström, Sandra, Stenzel, Oliver, Kissel, Jochen, Hilchenbach, Martin, Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in Economics, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces [Boras], SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)

Subjects
time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Rosetta, variable importance, classificationcomet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, random forest, D-PL, Spairwise log ratios
Abstract

International audience; The instrument Cometary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer (COSIMA) on board of the European Space Agency mission Rosetta to the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is a secondary ion mass spectrometer with a time-of-flight mass analyzer. It collected near the comet several thousand particles, imaged them, and analyzed the elemental and chemical compositions of their surfaces. In this study, variables have been generated from the spectral data covering the mass ranges of potential C-, H-, N-, and O-containing ions. The variable importance in binary discriminations between spectra measured on cometary particles and those measured on the target background has been estimated by the univariate t test and the multivariate methods discriminant partial least squares, random forest, and a robust method based on the log ratios of all variable pairs. The results confirm the presence of organic substances in cometary matter—probably a complex macromolecular mixture.

Published
2018

86. Photochemistry on the Space Station—Antibody Resistance to Space Conditions after Exposure Outside the International Space Station

Author

Coussot, Gaëlle, primary, Le Postollec, Aurélie, additional, Faye, Clément, additional, Baqué, Mickaël, additional, Vandenabeele-Trambouze, Odile, additional, Incerti, Sébastien, additional, Vigier, Flavie, additional, Chaput, Didier, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Przybyla, Bartos, additional, Berger, Thomas, additional, and Dobrijevic, Michel, additional

Published
2019
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87. The Photochemistry on Space Station (PSS) Experiment: Organic Matter under Mars-like Surface UV Radiation Conditions in Low Earth Orbit

Author

Stalport, Fabien, primary, Rouquette, Laura, additional, Poch, Olivier, additional, Dequaire, Tristan, additional, Chaouche-Mechidal, Naïla, additional, Payart, Shanèle, additional, Szopa, Cyril, additional, Coll, Patrice, additional, Chaput, Didier, additional, Jaber, Maguy, additional, Raulin, François, additional, and Cottin, Hervé, additional

Published
2019
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88. Photochemistry on the Space Station—Aptamer Resistance to Space Conditions: Particles Exposure from Irradiation Facilities and Real Exposure Outside the International Space Station

Author

Coussot, Gaëlle, primary, Le Postollec, Aurélie, additional, Incerti, Sébastien, additional, Baqué, Mickaël, additional, Faye, Clément, additional, Vandenabeele-Trambouze, Odile, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Ravelet, Corinne, additional, Peyrin, Eric, additional, Fiore, Emmanuelle, additional, Vigier, Flavie, additional, Caron, Jérôme, additional, Chaput, Didier, additional, Przybyla, Bartos, additional, Berger, Thomas, additional, and Dobrijevic, Michel, additional

Published
2019
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91. Evolution of organic molecules under Mars-like UV radiation conditions in space and laboratory

Author

Rouquette, Laura, Stalport, Fabien, Cottin, Hervé, Coll, Patrice, Szopa, Cyril, Saiagh, Kafila, Poch, Olivier, Khalaf, Diana, Chaput, Didier, Grira, Katia, Dequaire, Tristan, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Cardon, Catherine, Universität Bern [Bern], Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and IMPEC - LATMOS

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.SR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The detection and identification of organic molecules at Mars are of prime importance, as some of these molecules are life precursors and components. While in situ planetary missions are searching for them, it is essential to understand how organic molecules evolve and are preserved at the surface of Mars. Indeed the harsh conditions of the environment of Mars such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation or oxidative processes could explain the low abundance and diversity of organic molecules detected by now [1]. In order to get a better understanding of the evolution of organic matter at the surface of Mars, we exposed organic molecules under a Mars-like UV radiation environment. Similar organic samples were exposed to the Sun radiation, outside the International Space Station (ISS), and under a UV lamp (martian pressure and temperature conditions) in the laboratory.

Published
2017

92. Characterization of the refractory organic matter present in the dust particles of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author

Fray, Nicolas, Baklouti, Donia, Bardyn, Anaïs, Briois, Christelle, Cottin, Hervé, Engrand, Cécile, Fischer, Henning, Hilchenbach, Martin, Isnard, Robin, Le Roy, Léna, Modica, Paola, Paquette, John, Ryno, Jouni, Stenzel, Oliver, Siljeström, Sandra, Thirkell, Laurent, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; The Cometary Secondary Ion Mass Analyser (COSIMA), a miniaturized time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (ToF-SIMS), is one of the dust particle instruments onboard the orbiter of the Rosetta mission that arrived to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in mid-2014. COSIMA analyses the mineral and organic composition of dust particles that are captured on metal targets exposed to space [1, 2]. The mass spectra acquired by COSIMA show that refractory organic matter is ubiquitous in cometary dust particles [2]. The nature of this carbonaceous material will be discussed. We will highlight the abundance of organic matter in these dust particles as well as the nitrogen to carbon elemental ratio of this refractory organic matter. These results obtained on the dust particles of 67P will be compared to those from other astrophysical objects (carbonaceous chondrites, IDPs, micro-meteorites). This comparison could provide clues on the origin and evolution of the cometary organic matter. References: [1] Hilchenbach, M. et al. (2016) ApJ, 816, L32. [2] Schulz, R. et al. (2015) Nature, 518, 216-218. [3] Fray, N. et al. (2016) Nature, 538, 72-74.

Published
2017

93. Elemental surface composition of comet 67P grains (Rosetta) and of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites - characterized by multivariate mass spectral data (COSIMA)

Author

Varmuza, Kurt, Brandstätter, Franz, Cottin, Hervé, Engrand, Cécile, Ferrière, Ludovic, Filzmoser, Peter, Fray, Nicolas, Hilchenbach, Martin, Hoffmann, Irene, Kissel, Jochen, Koeberl, Christian, Modica, Paola, Paquette, John, Stenzel, Oliver, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; Dust grains have been collected near the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by the time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) COSIMA on board of the Rosetta spacecraft. The measured mass spectra contain information about the inorganic and organic composition of the surface of the grains. For a comparison of this cometary material with carbonaceous chondrite meteorites, a twin laboratory instrument of COSIMA has been used to obtain mass spectra from grain surfaces of the meteorites Allende, Lancé, Murchison and Renazzo. Multivariate data analyses, based on signals from selected ions, indicate similarities of the chemical composition of the surfaces of different sample groups, as well as the heterogeneity of the grains. Acknowledgments. Supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), project P 26871-N20. Thanks to the members of the COSIMA team for their contributions.

Published
2017

94. Space as a Tool for Astrobiology

Author

Cottin, Hervé, Kotler, Julia Michelle, Billi, Daniela, Cockell, Charles, Demets, René, Ehrenfreund, Pascale, Elsäßer, Andreas, d’Hendecourt, Louis, van Loon, Jack J. W. A., Martins, Zita, Onofri, Silvano, Quinn, Richard C., Rabbow, Elke, Rettberg, Petra, Ricco, Antonio J., Slenzka, Klaus, de la Torre, Rosa, de Vera, Jean-Pierre, Westall, Frances, Carrasco, Nathalie, Fresneau, Aurélien, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Kebukawa, Yoko, and Nguyen, Dara

Subjects
Tanpopo, Space environment, Nanosatellites, Exobiology, Cubesat, Hardware for space experiments, STONE, Astrobiology, International Space Station, BIOPAN, EXPOSE, Astrochemistry
Abstract

The space environment is regularly used for experiments addressing astrobiology research goals. The specific conditions prevailing in Earth orbit and beyond, notably the radiative environment (photons and energetic particles) and the possibility to conduct long-duration measurements, have been the main motivations for developing experimental concepts to expose chemical or biological samples to outer space, or to use the reentry of a spacecraft on Earth to simulate the fall of a meteorite. This paper represents an overview of past and current research in astrobiology conducted in Earth orbit and beyond, with a special focus on ESA missions such as Biopan, STONE (on Russian FOTON capsules) and EXPOSE facilities (outside the International Space Station). The future of exposure platforms is discussed, notably how they can be improved for better science return, and how to incorporate the use of small satellites such as those built in cubesat format.

Published
2017

96. Astrobiology and the Possibility of Life on Earth and Elsewhere…

Author

Petrology, Cottin, Hervé, Kotler, Julia Michelle, Bartik, Kristin, Cleaves, H. James, Cockell, Charles S., de Vera, Jean Pierre P, Ehrenfreund, Pascale, Leuko, Stefan, Ten Kate, Inge Loes, Martins, Zita, Pascal, Robert, Quinn, Richard, Rettberg, Petra, Westall, Frances, Petrology, Cottin, Hervé, Kotler, Julia Michelle, Bartik, Kristin, Cleaves, H. James, Cockell, Charles S., de Vera, Jean Pierre P, Ehrenfreund, Pascale, Leuko, Stefan, Ten Kate, Inge Loes, Martins, Zita, Pascal, Robert, Quinn, Richard, Rettberg, Petra, and Westall, Frances

Published
2017

97. Prebiotic chemicals--amino acid and phosphorus--in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author

Altwegg, Kathrin, Balsiger, Hans, Bar-Nun, Akiva, Berthelier, Jean-Jacques, Bieler, Andre, Bochsler, Peter, Briois, Christelle, Calmonte, Ursina, Combi, Michael R., Cottin, Hervé, De Keyser, Johan, Dhooghe, Frederik, Fiethe, Bjorn, Fuselier, Stephen A., Gasc, Sébastien, Gombosi, Tamas I., Hansen, Kenneth C., Hässig, Myrtha, Jäckel, Annette, Kopp, Ernest, Korth, Axel, Le Roy, Léna, Mall, Urs, Marty, Bernard, Mousis, Olivier, Owen, Tobias, Rème, Henri, Rubin, Martin, Semon, Thierry, Tzou, Chia-yu, Hunter Waite, James, Wurz, Peter, Center for Space and Habitability (CSH), University of Bern, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Department of Geophysics [Tel Aviv] (TAU), Tel Aviv University (TAU), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Institute of Computer and Network Engineering [Braunschweig] (IDA), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Space Science Division [San Antonio], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State of Bern, Swiss National Science Foundation, ESA PRODEX (PROgramme de Développement d’Expériences scientifiques) program, Max Planck Society, Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Belgian Science Policy Office, French National Re- search Agency (ANR), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES, European Research Council, NASA, ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), European Project, Universität Bern [Bern], Department of Geosciences [Tel Aviv], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], IMPEC - LATMOS, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02/11-IDEX-0001,AMIDEX,AMIDEX(2011), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Space and Habitability ( CSH ), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering ( CLaSP ), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace ( LPC2E ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Institute of Computer and Network Engineering [Braunschweig] ( IDA ), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] ( SwRI ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques ( CRPG ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Hawaii at Manoa ( UHM ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02,A*MIDEX,Projet Investissements d'Avenir ( 2012 ), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, animal structures, 530 Physics, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], chemistry, complex mixtures, Mass Spectrometry, comets, Amino Acids, Research Articles, 520 Astronomy, prebiotic molecules, food and beverages, SciAdv r-articles, Phosphorus, Meteoroids, 620 Engineering, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], astronomy, Prebiotics, cardiovascular system, sense organs, Space Sciences, amino acid, Origins of life, Research Article
Abstract

The detection of glycine and phosphorus in the coma of 67P shows that comets contain all ingredients to help spark life on Earth., The importance of comets for the origin of life on Earth has been advocated for many decades. Amino acids are key ingredients in chemistry, leading to life as we know it. Many primitive meteorites contain amino acids, and it is generally believed that these are formed by aqueous alterations. In the collector aerogel and foil samples of the Stardust mission after the flyby at comet Wild 2, the simplest form of amino acids, glycine, has been found together with precursor molecules methylamine and ethylamine. Because of contamination issues of the samples, a cometary origin was deduced from the 13C isotopic signature. We report the presence of volatile glycine accompanied by methylamine and ethylamine in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko measured by the ROSINA (Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis) mass spectrometer, confirming the Stardust results. Together with the detection of phosphorus and a multitude of organic molecules, this result demonstrates that comets could have played a crucial role in the emergence of life on Earth.

Published
2016

98. Carbon-rich dust in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko measured by COSIMA/Rosetta

Author

Bardyn, Anaïs, primary, Baklouti, Donia, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Fray, Nicolas, additional, Briois, Christelle, additional, Paquette, John, additional, Stenzel, Oliver, additional, Engrand, Cécile, additional, Fischer, Henning, additional, Hornung, Klaus, additional, Isnard, Robin, additional, Langevin, Yves, additional, Lehto, Harry, additional, Le Roy, Léna, additional, Ligier, Nicolas, additional, Merouane, Sihane, additional, Modica, Paola, additional, Orthous-Daunay, François-Régis, additional, Rynö, Jouni, additional, Schulz, Rita, additional, Silén, Johan, additional, Thirkell, Laurent, additional, Varmuza, Kurt, additional, Zaprudin, Boris, additional, Kissel, Jochen, additional, and Hilchenbach, Martin, additional

Published
2017
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99. Nitrogen-to-carbon atomic ratio measured by COSIMA in the particles of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

Author

Fray, Nicolas, primary, Bardyn, Anaïs, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Baklouti, Donia, additional, Briois, Christelle, additional, Engrand, Cécile, additional, Fischer, Henning, additional, Hornung, Klaus, additional, Isnard, Robin, additional, Langevin, Yves, additional, Lehto, Harry, additional, Le Roy, Léna, additional, Mellado, Eva Maria, additional, Merouane, Sihane, additional, Modica, Paola, additional, Orthous-Daunay, François-Régis, additional, Paquette, John, additional, Rynö, Jouni, additional, Schulz, Rita, additional, Silén, Johan, additional, Siljeström, Sandra, additional, Stenzel, Oliver, additional, Thirkell, Laurent, additional, Varmuza, Kurt, additional, Zaprudin, Boris, additional, Kissel, Jochen, additional, and Hilchenbach, Martin, additional

Published
2017
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100. Orbitrap mass analyser for in situ characterisation of planetary environments: Performance evaluation of a laboratory prototype

Author

Briois, Christelle, primary, Thissen, Roland, additional, Thirkell, Laurent, additional, Aradj, Kenzi, additional, Bouabdellah, Abdel, additional, Boukrara, Amirouche, additional, Carrasco, Nathalie, additional, Chalumeau, Gilles, additional, Chapelon, Olivier, additional, Colin, Fabrice, additional, Coll, Patrice, additional, Cottin, Hervé, additional, Engrand, Cécile, additional, Grand, Noel, additional, Lebreton, Jean-Pierre, additional, Orthous-Daunay, François-Régis, additional, Pennanech, Cyril, additional, Szopa, Cyril, additional, Vuitton, Véronique, additional, Zapf, Pascal, additional, and Makarov, Alexander, additional

Published
2016
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