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61. Engineering Complex Microenvironments to Manipulate and Study Cellular Mechanobiology

Author

Cosgrove, Brian D and Cosgrove, Brian D

Abstract

Our improved understanding of cell mechano-sensing has been enabled by developments in biomaterials platforms and in vitro culture systems. These emerging systems model key aspects of the cellular niche in a controlled fashion, enabling one to ask and answer questions that could not be addressed in vivo due to the complex interactions of these multiple discrete signals. These emerging materials include key features of the native microenvironment, including complex mechanical properties, degradable domains, and native-scale feature sizes. In this thesis work, we designed a 2D methacrylated hyaluronic acid hydrogel (MeHA) system to recapitulate the multiple adhesive interactions normally present in the developing mesenchymal progenitor cell niche, including an RGD adhesive motif (from fibronectin) and the HAVDI adhesive motif (from N-Cadherin). This system allowed for the decoupled presentation of cell-ECM interactions and cell-cell interactions while simultaneously modulating other variables present in the microenvironment, such as changes in substrate stiffness. Using this system, we elucidated a new signaling pathway through which HAVDI ligation altered MSC mechanosensing of ECM stiffness, which culminated in downstream differences in cellular proliferation and differentiation. Our findings suggest that HAVDI presentation may be harnessed towards novel biomaterial design to direct cellular behavior and allow for tuning of response to substrate stiffness in regenerative medicine applications. Building from this platform, we further investigated nuclear morphology of MSCs on these 2D MeHA substrates and in native tissue, and showed that nuclear morphology and mechanotransduction were markedly different on planar substrates compared to within the native tissue niche. These findings suggested that dimensionality and the manner by which nuclear pre-stress is established in 3D regulates strain transmission to the nucleus. To better recapitulate these interactions, we cul

Published
2017

63. Reaching Out to the Unbanked: Technology and initiative can dramatically expand market opportunities among borrowers with thin credit files

Author

Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
Mortgage banks -- Technology application -- Customer relations, Data processing services -- Technology application, Technology application, Banking, finance and accounting industries, Business
Abstract

In these times of market contraction, every lender is searching for qualified new market opportunities. Imagine then, tapping into a market of more than 52 million potential borrowers, and that [...]

Published
2007

67. Joyce’s demystification of the ‘magical beguilements’ of The Sirens

Author

Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
LIT004120, littérature irlandaise, Dublin, Irlande, littérature de langue anglaise, Literature, British Isles, DSB, modernité littéraire
Abstract

According to legend, the Sirens are bewitching females who, by means of their ravishing song, seduce men – or heroes – from their proper course and lure them to destruction. They bring together music (or singing) and sexual temptation: or, given the powerful emotional appeal of music, we might say that they bring together sentiment and sexual temptation. Central to the legend is their ambivalence: they combine compelling beauty with certain destruction. If they are envisaged as mermaids – and...

Published
2012

68. Studies on Joyce’s Ulysses

Author

Aubert, Jacques, Brown, Terence, Cosgrove, Brian, Dolan, T.P., Genet, Jacqueline, Laroque, François, Norris, David, Stewart, Bruce, Topia, André, Genet, Jacqueline, and Hellegouarc’h, Wynne

Subjects
LIT004120, media_common.quotation_subject, Art history, Irlande, littérature de langue anglaise, Art, DSB, literary modernity, littérature irlandaise, Dublin, Performance art, Irish literature, Ireland, Literature, British Isles, media_common, modernité littéraire
Published
2012

76. Keeping the Faith: The Transformative Autonomy of Literature and the Uniqueness of Literary Discourse

Author

Cosgrove, Brian and Kelly, T.A.F.

Abstract

In 1999 there appeared in The New York Review o f Books a review by Andrew Delbanco of some seven studies (all but one of them published in the period 1997-99) which included Alvin Keman’s The Death o f Literature and Robert Scholes’s The Rise and Fall o f English. On the basis of such titles Delbanco’s piece appeared under the heading, ‘The Decline and Fall of Literature’.1 While some years have elapsed since the appearance of the review, and while some of the points made have more relevance to North American than Irish universities, the arguments put forward are still worth revisiting, if only to provide a starting-point for what is, in its very nature, an ongoing debate.

Published
2006

77. Mechano-adaptation of the stem cell nucleus.

Author

Heo, Su-Jin, Cosgrove, Brian D., Dai, Eric N., and Mauck, Robert L.

Subjects
*STEM cells, *CELL nuclei, *MECHANOTRANSDUCTION (Cytology), *CELL differentiation, *CELL physiology
Abstract

Exogenous mechanical forces are transmitted through the cell and to the nucleus, initiating mechanotransductive signaling cascades with profound effects on cellular function and stem cell fate. A growing body of evidence has shown that the force sensing and force-responsive elements of the nucleus adapt to these mechanotransductive events, tuning their response to future mechanical input. The mechanisms underlying this "mechano-adaptation" are only just beginning to be elucidated, and it remains poorly understood how these components act and adapt in tandem to drive stem cell differentiation. Here, we review the evidence on how the stem cell nucleus responds and adapts to physical forces, and provide a perspective on how this mechano-adaptation may function to drive and enforce stem cell differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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78. Herman Melville's Pierre: How Radical is the Critque of Christianity?

Author

Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
English, Media & Theatre Studies
Abstract

In the dark and problematic Pierre, the much lesser-known novel written after Moby-Dick, Melville provides a radical critque of Christian morality. Ironically, it is the untenable ideals fostered by Christianity that lead to Pierre's disillusionment and self-destruction. But if Christianity is subjected to such a critique, can the source of such moral beliefs - Christ himself - remain exempt from a related critical scrutiny? In any case, does not Pierre push to a further extreme the deep scepticism about a providential God the Father already evident in Moby-Dick?

Published
2005

79. Critical Disinterestedness and Ideological Commitment: An Impasse?

Author

Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
English, Media & Theatre Studies
Abstract

Is critical disinterestedness possible? Or, is it, for that matter, even desirable? These are the major questions that hover above this essay - large questions which we face at the outset. For the moment we need to establish, first, what might be meant by 'disinterestedness'. For those whose major business is with the English literary tradition, the first name that will unfailingly come to mind when the term is mentioned is that of Matthew Arnold. The word 'disinterestedness' famously occurs in what remains one of the most widely read of Arnold's critical essays, 'The Function of Criticism at the Present Time'. Arnold pauses to ask, what rule ought to condition the activity of English criticism? His answer is as follows: The rule may be summed up in one word - disinterestedness. And how is criticism to show disinterestedness? By keeping aloof from what is called 'the practical view of things'; by resolutely following the law of its own nature, which is to be a free play of the mind on all subjects which it touches.

Published
2004

80. 'It Is Requir'd You Do Awake Your Faith' Reader-Response and the Gospel of St Mark

Author

Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
English, Media & Theatre Studies
Abstract

Wholly lacking in the kind of experience and expertise which the specialist theologian would possess, it is with some trepidation that a student of English enters into unknown territiry and embarks on a literary-critical approach to the gospel of St Mark. One may, however, take courage - and one's cue - from Frank Kermode's statement in the "Preface" to The Genesis of Secrecy, where he suggests that "the gospels need to be talked about by critics of a quite unecclesiastical formation". He later claims that literacy critics, although secular, are nonetheless "the heirs of the exegetical and hermeneutic traditions" and, as such, they "should be allowed their secular say on the cardinal texts" (Kermode 15-16). In what follows, I shall in fact be making significant use of this fine study by Kermode, although I hope to strike out in a different direction.

Published
2004

81. ACVR1R206HFOP mutation alters mechanosensing and tissue stiffness during heterotopic ossification

Author

Haupt, Julia, Stanley, Alexandra, McLeod, Claire M., Cosgrove, Brian D., Culbert, Andria L., Wang, Linda, Mourkioti, Foteini, Mauck, Robert L., and Shore, Eileen M.

Abstract

FOP (fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva), a debilitating and as yet untreatable, genetic disorder of ectopic ossification, is due to an activating mutation in ACVR1 (BMP type I receptor). The mutation alters cell mechanotransduction, mechanosensing, and physical properties of lesion tissue consistent with promoting chondro/osteogenic pathways.

Published
2019
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84. Weather

Author

Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
lengua inglesa, ciencias de la tierra, medios de enseñanza, proyecto bilingüe
Abstract

Para aprender cómo nacen las nubes, cómo y por qué llueve, la diferencia entre un estrato y cúmulo-nimbos, la forma en que nuestro clima puede cambiar en el futuro, y por qué son tan destructores los tornados. Para descubrir por qué por qué el cielo es azul, por qué los desiertos están secos, lo que hace que las gotas de lluvia crezcan y la manera de hacer las previsiones meteorológicas. Hay un glosario. Indicado a partir de nueve años. SC Biblioteca de Educación del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Calle San Agustín, 5 - 3 planta; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; biblioteca@mecd.es GBR

Published
2002

85. The distributed model intercomparison project – Phase 2: Experiment design and summary results of the western basin experiments

Author

Smith, Michael, primary, Koren, Victor, additional, Zhang, Ziya, additional, Moreda, Fekadu, additional, Cui, Zhengtao, additional, Cosgrove, Brian, additional, Mizukami, Naoki, additional, Kitzmiller, David, additional, Ding, Feng, additional, Reed, Seann, additional, Anderson, Eric, additional, Schaake, John, additional, Zhang, Yu, additional, Andréassian, Vazken, additional, Perrin, Charles, additional, Coron, Laurent, additional, Valéry, Audrey, additional, Khakbaz, Behnaz, additional, Sorooshian, Soroosh, additional, Behrangi, Ali, additional, Imam, Bisher, additional, Hsu, Kuo-Lin, additional, Todini, Ezio, additional, Coccia, Gabriele, additional, Mazzetti, Cinzia, additional, Ortiz Andres, Enrique, additional, Francés, Félix, additional, Orozco, Ismael, additional, Hartman, Robert, additional, Henkel, Arthur, additional, Fickenscher, Peter, additional, and Staggs, Scott, additional

Published
2013
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87. Keeping the Faith: The Transformative Autonomy of Literature and the Uniqueness of Literary Discourse.

Author

Kelly, T.A.F., Cosgrove, Brian, Kelly, T.A.F., and Cosgrove, Brian

Abstract

In 1999 there appeared in The New York Review o f Books a review by Andrew Delbanco of some seven studies (all but one of them published in the period 1997-99) which included Alvin Keman’s The Death o f Literature and Robert Scholes’s The Rise and Fall o f English. On the basis of such titles Delbanco’s piece appeared under the heading, ‘The Decline and Fall of Literature’.1 While some years have elapsed since the appearance of the review, and while some of the points made have more relevance to North American than Irish universities, the arguments put forward are still worth revisiting, if only to provide a starting-point for what is, in its very nature, an ongoing debate.

Published
2006

88. NorthSide Opinions: READER RESPONSE: Social pressure piled on youths by youths

Author

Schaub, Dean, Plagman, Louise, and Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
General interest, News, opinion and commentary, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Abstract

I openly wept when I learned about the massacre at Virginia Tech. I don't remember the last time I openly wept, but it did happen on Monday. As a freshman [...]

Published
2007

89. Saturday Talk: Virginia Tech massacre

Author

Poisson, Mark, Humer, Paula, Ford, Mike, Howington, Dan, Wagner, Sarah, Clayton, Tom, King, D.A., Henderson, Howard Michael, Ingold, Don, and Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Comfort families; blame can wait As a Virginia Tech alumnus (1995), I have been engulfed in a fog of disbelief since the news of the tragedy. Within our Hokie community, [...]

Published
2007

90. City Life Opinions: READER RESPONSE

Author

Cosgrove, Brian and Robinzine, Rita

Subjects
General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Park trip a disappointment My recent trip to Stone Mountain Park was a major embarrassment. To entertain visitors from up North, we decided to visit the tourist attraction, take the [...]

Published
2007

92. Distributed assimilation of satellite‐based snow extent for improving simulated streamflow in mountainous, dense forests: An example over the DMIP2 western basins

Author

Yatheendradas, Soni, primary, Lidard, Christa D. Peters, additional, Koren, Victor, additional, Cosgrove, Brian A., additional, De Goncalves, Luis G. G., additional, Smith, Michael, additional, Geiger, Jim, additional, Cui, Zhengtao, additional, Borak, Jordan, additional, Kumar, Sujay V., additional, Toll, David L., additional, Riggs, George, additional, and Mizukami, Naoki, additional

Published
2012
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93. Continental‐scale water and energy flux analysis and validation for North American Land Data Assimilation System project phase 2 (NLDAS‐2): 2. Validation of model‐simulated streamflow

Author

Xia, Youlong, primary, Mitchell, Kenneth, additional, Ek, Michael, additional, Cosgrove, Brian, additional, Sheffield, Justin, additional, Luo, Lifeng, additional, Alonge, Charles, additional, Wei, Helin, additional, Meng, Jesse, additional, Livneh, Ben, additional, Duan, Qingyun, additional, and Lohmann, Dag, additional

Published
2012
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94. Continental-scale water and energy flux analysis and validation for the North American Land Data Assimilation System project phase 2 (NLDAS-2): 1. Intercomparison and application of model products

Author

Xia, Youlong, primary, Mitchell, Kenneth, additional, Ek, Michael, additional, Sheffield, Justin, additional, Cosgrove, Brian, additional, Wood, Eric, additional, Luo, Lifeng, additional, Alonge, Charles, additional, Wei, Helin, additional, Meng, Jesse, additional, Livneh, Ben, additional, Lettenmaier, Dennis, additional, Koren, Victor, additional, Duan, Qingyun, additional, Mo, Kingtse, additional, Fan, Yun, additional, and Mocko, David, additional

Published
2012
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95. Results of the DMIP 2 Oklahoma experiments

Author

Smith, Michael B., primary, Koren, Victor, additional, Zhang, Ziya, additional, Zhang, Yu, additional, Reed, Seann M., additional, Cui, Zhengtao, additional, Moreda, Fekadu, additional, Cosgrove, Brian A., additional, Mizukami, Naoki, additional, Anderson, Eric A., additional, Andreassian, Vazken, additional, Lerat, Julien, additional, Loumagne, Cecile, additional, Perrin, Charles, additional, Ribstein, Pierre, additional, Gupta, Hoshin V., additional, Yilmaz, Koray K., additional, Pokhrel, Prafulla, additional, Wagener, Thorsten, additional, Butts, Michael, additional, Yamagata, Keiko, additional, Sorooshian, Soroosh, additional, Khakbaz, Behnaz, additional, Behrangi, Alireza, additional, Hsu, Kuolin, additional, Imam, Bisher, additional, De Smedt, Florimond, additional, Safari, Ali, additional, Tavakoli, Mohsen, additional, Li, Lan, additional, Wang, Xin, additional, Wu, Jian, additional, Yang, Chao, additional, Yang, Mengfei, additional, Yu, Zhongbo, additional, Gan, Thian, additional, Islam, Zahidul, additional, Vieux, Baxter, additional, Looper, Jonathan, additional, Xia, Youlong, additional, Mitchell, Kenneth, additional, Ek, Michael, additional, McIntyre, Neil, additional, Orellana, Barbara, additional, Sivapalan, Murugesu, additional, Li, Hongyi, additional, Tian, Fuqiang, additional, Ryu, Jae, additional, Arnold, Jeff, additional, Whittaker, Gerald, additional, Confesor, Remegio, additional, and Di Luzio, Mauro, additional

Published
2012
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96. Beyond the Library walls: John Paul II annual lectures

Author

Comerford, R.V., Corbett, Thomas, Corish, Patrick J., Cosgrove, Brian, Faj, Attila, and Heffernan, Daniel M.

Subjects
ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING
Abstract

is included in the text.

Published
1995

97. HEALTH CARE: Develop national plan without politicians

Author

Cosgrove, Brian

Subjects
Health care industry, Government regulation, Health care industry, General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

One of the most important issues facing this country is the cost of health care. Nothing will be done in Congress as the Democrats want to socialize health care and [...]

Published
2005

99. LETTERS

Author

Schmidt, Michael, Newby, Michael, Dallas, Robert, Cosgrove, Brian, Rogers, Harrison, Jr., Demer, Joan, Ceigler, Mike, Rechtman, Mel, Wagner, R.H., Scammon, Chris, Oliver, Dave, and Trafford, Edmund

Subjects
General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Giuliani, Campbell polar opposites With the arrival of the new year, we took note of the departure of two mayors --- Rudy Giuliani in New York and Bill Campbell in [...]

Published
2002

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