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Description The corneal dystrophies are a group of progressive, usually bilateral, inherited (although non-congenital) corneal disorders with a typical age of onset. The stromal dystrophies result in characteristic stromal opacities. [...]

Description Fuch's endothelial dystrophy is a hereditary, often autosomal dominant disorder. It has variable penetrance and affects women more than men at a proportion of approximately 5:1. It primarily affects [...]

Description The term crocodile shagreen refers to the resemblance of polygonal opacities within the cornea to crocodile hide (shagreen). The basis for this mosaic appearance is probably the normal arrangement [...]

DESCRIPTION The corneal stroma is composed of lamellar sheets of collagen interspersed with abundant osmotically active mucopolysaccharides. Without the pumping action of the endothelium, and to a lesser extent the [...]

DESCRIPTION Corneal infiltrates are focal areas of corneal stromal inflammation composed of accumulations of white blood cells (predominantly neutrophils), cellular debris and protein with associated oedema. If persistent they may [...]

Background: Corneal abrasions are common eye injuries in children. Most are treated with antibiotic drops or ointment, patching of the affected eye, and follow-up within 24 hours to confirm resolution by fluorescein examination. Objective: To determine if signs and symptoms at follow-up were associated with the presence of a persistent corneal abrasion or abnormal visual acuity. Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: A children's hospital. Patients: Children who were aged 4 years or older with the diagnosis of corneal abrasion between May 1992 and December 1996 and who had a follow-up examination. Results: Seventy-seven patients (57% male) were enrolled (median age, 7 years). The respective sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values of selective signs and symptoms for persistent abrasions were as follows: for pain, 53%, 93%, 80%, and 80%; for photophobia, 57%, 100%, 100%, and 80%; for redness, 100%, 46%, 44%, and 100%; for pain and redness, 40%, 96%, 80%, and 80%; and for at least 1 sign or symptom, 95%, 48%, 47%, and 95%. Twenty-six patients had persistent corneal abrasions at follow-up. Six of these 26 patients were symptom free at follow-up, and 15 patients had only redness as a persistent sign. Five patients had abnormal visual acuity, one of whom was asymptomatic. All 3 patients with complications were symptomatic. Conclusions: Signs and symptoms are inconsistently associated with persistent corneal abrasions. Asymptomatic patients may have persistent corneal abrasions, suggesting the need for selective follow-ups. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000; 154:3 70-374, Many children with corneal abrasions have no symptoms so careful follow-up is needed even after treatment of existing corneal abrasions. This was the conclusion of researchers who examined 77 children who had previously been treated for corneal abrasion. Pain, light sensitivity, redness, and pain and redness combined were not very accurate in detecting those who still had corneal abrasion. Of 26 who still had corneal abrasion, six had no symptoms and 15 had only redness.

Dr. Sowka is an associate professor at Nova Southeastern University College of Optometry in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., where he teaches glaucoma and retinal disease. He is also chief of the [...]

Drs. Archila and Sheldon both now practice in the U.S. Navy. This patient's superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis was caused by hyperthyroidism. Here's a look at your role in treating the whole [...]

Paris -- An analysis combining information from anterior Placido topography and corneal tomograptly obtained using a proprietary corneal imaging diagnostic platform (Orbscan II, Bausch + Lomb) has shown high sensitivity [...]

Signs and Symptoms Terrien's marginal degeneration (TMD) is a rare, slowly progressive thinning disorder of the cornea. The condition is typically bilateral and predominantly affects men aged 40 years and [...]

Signs and Symptoms Corneal lacerations are invariably accompanied by a recent history of ocular trauma. Typically, this involves a sharp object such as a knife, hand tool or glass shard, [...]

EPITHELIAL BASEMENT MEMBRANE dystrophy (EBMD) is the most commonly encountered corneal dystrophy in clinical practice. While typically recognized as a dystrophy, thus implying hereditary factors and a progressive, bilateral presentation, [...]

AN INTACT EPITHELIAL surface is crucial to the function of the cornea by providing a hydrophilic support for tears, a smooth optical surface, and a defense mechanism against microbial invasion. [...]

CORNEAL NEOVASCULARIZATION (NV) is the pathologic ingrowth of vessels from the limbus into the superficial or deep areas of the cornea. (1) Any ingrowth beyond 1mm is considered to be [...]

THIS INFLAMMATORY REACTION of the cornea is characterized by aggregates of white blood cells of the anterior stroma and epithelium with or without epithelial staining. These infiltrative events can be [...]

Signs and symptoms Patients with Salzmann's nodular degeneration are often asymptomatic, particularly in the early stages of the disease. Some may present with diminished visual acuity if the nodules are [...]

SUPERIOR EPITHELIAL arcuate lesions (SEALs) are whitish, opalescent lesions that are within a few millimeters of the limbus from approximately 10 to 2 o'clock along the superior limbus. They occur [...]

EPITHELIAL BASEMENT membrane dystrophy (EBMD) is the most commonly encountered corneal dystrophy in clinical practice. While typically recognized as a dystrophy, thus implying hereditary factors and a progressive, bilateral presentation, [...]

CORNEAL NEOVASCULARIZATION (NV) is the pathologic ingrowth of vessels from the limbus into the superficial or deep areas of the cornea. (1) Any ingrowth beyond 1mm is considered to be [...]

AN INTACT epithelial surface is crucial to the function of the cornea by providing a hydrophilic support for tears, a smooth optical surface, and a defense mechanism against microbial invasion. [...]

CORNEAL ABRASIONS are a common form of ocular trauma presenting to the primary care office. When the cornea is injured or damaged, sight-threatening consequences are a possibility, especially in the [...]

Signs and symptoms Patients who experience a foreign body of the cornea generally present with variable degrees of ocular discomfort, ranging from mild to severe. Sometimes, the discomfort is described [...]

Signs and symptoms Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic allergic/inflammatory disorder that affects the superior tarsal and limbal palpebral conjunctiva. It presents classically with severe ocular itching, photophobia, tearing, conjunctival [...]

Corneal warpage describes contact lens-induced changes in corneal topography that are not associated with corneal edema. (1) It was first described by Harstein in 1965 in a report of 12 [...]

Corneal neovascularization (NV) is the pathologic ingrowth of vessels from the limbus into the superficial or deep areas of the cornea. (1) Neovascularization of the cornea always represents a state [...]

Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD) is the most commonly encountered corneal dystrophy in clinical practice. While typically recognized as a dystrophy, thus implying hereditary factors and a progressive, bilateral presentation, [...]

Minneapolis -- Alterations in corneal properties in both keratoconus and Fuchs' corneal dystrophy can affect the accuracy of Goldmann tonometry, highlighting the importance of validating newer methods of measuring IOP [...]

Q I recently saw a 27-year-old female post-LASIK patient who suffers from multiple episodes of recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) due to a "leaky" epithelium. What course of action should I [...]

Other than central corneal thickness (CCT), the cornea may not immediately come to mind when managing glaucoma patients. However, there are many reasons not to overlook the possibility of anterior [...]

Signs and symptoms The terms "vortex keratopathy" and "hurricane keratopathy" describe two similar conditions that can affect the corneal surface. (1-3) When a pigmented vortex or whorl pattern is seen [...]

Signs and Symptoms The patient with ICE syndrome is typically a younger female. It is most common in Caucasians, and there typically is no family history of this disease. It [...]

Menlo Park, CA -- Avellino Lab USA recently launched the Avellino DNA Dual Test for LASIK Safety, a genetic test that can detect both Granular Corneal Dystrophy (GCD) type 1 [...]

ST. LOUIS PARK, MN :: A NEW GENETIC TEST FOR Avellino corneal dystrophy (Avellino Gene Detection System, Avellino Lab USA Inc.) identifies carriers of this rare autosomal dominant mutation, which, [...]

Baltimore -- Interocular symmetry in average keratometry, pachymetry, and posterior elevation are useful screening tools for corneal pathology, said Elliott Myrowitz, OD, MPH, here at the annual Evidence-based Care in [...]