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Nanoparticles of amphiphilic α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins were obtained by formulation of cyclodextrins enzymatically transesterified with vinyl decanoate. The product of this synthesis is a mixture of bioesterified cyclodextrins with various degrees of substitution (DS) presenting for a same DS different regio-isomers. In a first step, the efficiency of a MALDI-TOF procedure to characterize the average molecular weight of the derivative bulk mixture was demonstrated by comparing the results with those obtained from complementary NMR and HPLC techniques. In a second step, the ultrastructure of nanoparticles prepared from three different batches of synthesis was investigated and correlated with the average molecular weight and DS of the parent derivative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the impact of disparities in production and analytical control processes on the quality of parenteral nutrition (PN) preparations produced in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region., Methods: This study was carried out in four hospital pharmacies of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. To assess the impact of production processes, each centre produced ten PN preparations from the same prescription. Analytical controls (sodium, potassium and calcium dosage) were carried out on all the preparations. To assess the impact of the control processes, a batch of ten preparations was produced from the same prescription. Samples were sent to the four hospital pharmacies for analytical control (sodium, potassium and calcium dosage)., Results: Measurements of relative production bias show that there is a significant difference between the preparations from the four centres in terms of sodium and potassium content. Each centre had at least one production bias for one of the three electrolytes measured. Concerning analytical controls, there was a significant difference between the four centres in the sodium and potassium levels measured. With the exception of calcium, all the centres reported measurements within the usual specifications of±10% of the target value. The results obtained have no clinically significant impact., Conclusion: The diversity of NP practices has a real impact on the quality of the preparations made. A regional collaboration should be envisaged to standardise patient care., (Copyright © 2023 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

The synthesis of decanoate beta-cyclodextrin esters (beta-CDd) and hexanoate beta-cyclodextrin esters (beta-CDh) was biocatalyzed by thermolysin from native beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and vinyl hexanoate or vinyl decanoate used as acyl donors. The products were chemically characterized by infrared, NMR, and mass spectrometry. Both beta-CDd and beta-CDh esters were identified as a mixture of beta-CD preferentially substituted on the C2 position by the corresponding acyl chain. The degree of substitution varied from 2 to 7 for beta-CDd and from 4 to 8 for beta-CDh. The ability of beta-CD esters to self-organize into nanoparticles was tested using a nanoprecipitation technique in various solvents. The mean size diameter and polydispersity measured by quasi-elastic light scattering were dramatically affected by the nature of solvent (acetone, ethanol, or tetrahydrofuran) used in the nanoprecipitation technique. When directly observed using cryo-transmission electron microscopy, beta-CDh appeared as uniformly dense nanospheres, whereas beta-CDd exhibited a multilamellar onion-like organization. A structural model was rationalized for the beta-CDd nanoparticles.

Purpose: the aim of the study was to investigate size control of amphiphilic beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles obtained by solvent displacement technique., Methods: An experimental design methodology for mixture design was undertaken using D-optimal approach with the following technique variables: water fraction X1 (40-70% v/v), acetone fraction X2 (0-60% v/v) and ethanol fraction X3 (0-60% v/v)., Results: The resulting quadratic model obtained after logarithmic transformation of data and partial least-square regression was statistically validated and experimentally checked. Also, the morphology of the colloidal nanoparticles from selected experiments was observed by cryo-transmission electron microscopy., Conclusions: This experimental design approach allowed to produce interesting amphiphilic beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles with a predicted mean size varying from 60 to 400 nm.