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Iodine (I2) capture and storage is very important in many industrial practices. Herein, we demonstrate strong iodine (I2) adsorption using millimeter-sized spherical bismuth sulfide@polyacrylonitrile (Bi2S3@PAN) hybrid beads. Our findings showed that the iodine capture capacity of Bi2S3@PAN was 986 mg g−1, which could reach approximately 4.0-fold that of commercial silver-exchanged zeolite (AgZ). Besides maintaining the crystallinity of the embedded Bi2S3 powder in the polyacrylonitrile matrix, the hybrid beads exhibited high capacity and a fast I2 absorption rate. Through characterization, we revealed that the adsorption of iodine on Bi2S3@PAN was mainly chemical adsorption (the formation of thermodynamically stable BiI3). Overall, the merits of the cost-effective process, capability of achieving scale-up of preparation, and the good performance in iodine capture suggest that Bi2S3@PAN may be considered as a promising candidate for the removal of radioactive iodine from reprocessing plant off-gas streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new series of N‐alkyl‐N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐(3‐thienylmethylene)ammonium bromides (designated as NTA‐n, n = 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16) were synthesized. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization showed that NTA‐n could protect availably X70 steel from attack of HCl with an inhibition efficiency of about 95%. And the inhibition ability follows the following sequence: NTA‐8 < NTA‐10 < NTA‐12 < NTA‐14 < NTA‐16, suggesting that prolonging alkyl chain may enhance the inhibition capacity of the molecules. Theoretical investigation backs up well the experiment results. The correlation of theoretical calculation with the experiment results illustrated clearly double logarithmic relations between the corrosion current and the computed quantum chemical parameters such as the highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO), energy gap (ΔE), molecular volume (ν), electronegativity (χ), the total energy of iron crystal with the adsorbed inhibitor molecule (Etotal), the interaction energy of Fe (1 0 0) surface and inhibitor molecules (Einhibitor), while an equation resembling Hammet relation was existed between the corrosion currents and the fraction of electrons transfer (ΔN). These linear correlations suggest the relation of the inhibitor structure with its inhibition activity: long alkyl chain and electron donating groups in NTA‐n will enhance the corrosion efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Montmorillonite (MMt) was intercalated by polymeric Fe, or by N-ethyl dodecyl nicotinate bromide (EDNB), or by both. The improved MMt designated as Fe/MMt, EDNB/MMt, and EDNB/MMt/Fe, respectively. A comparison was performed on the improved MMt in the uptake and in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) as well as in the recycling use. The results showed that EDNB/MMt adsorbed more MB than the other two; however, Fe/MMt and EDNB/MMt/Fe acted faster than the former. The adsorption of MB on the three adsorbents followed Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics. In addition, MB adsorbing on EDNB/MMt was also well described by intraparticle diffusion model. MB removal by EDNB/MMt experienced an endothermic and entropy driving process, but an exothermic and entropy declining process by the other two. pH of the solution affected MB removal. When pH of the solution is high than 10, MB uptake diminished on Fe/MMt and EDNB/MMt/Fe; however, it slightly increased on EDNB/MMt. MB could be decomposed by Fenton reagent on the improved MMt, and the adsorbents could be reused. By coupling the adsorption and degradationin situby H2O2/Fe2+or Fe3+, MB removal by Fe/MMt and EDNB/MMt/Fe was almost maintained in the ten cycles. So, present work deepens the understanding of modified MMt in the application of dye wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ABSTRACT The binding modes of cepharanthine (CEPT) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) have been established by reproducing physiological conditions, which is very important to understand the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of CEPT. These spectral data were further analyzed by the multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares method. Moreover, the concentration profiles and pure spectra of three species (BSA/HSA, CEPT and CEPT-BSA/HSA) and the apparent equilibrium constants Kapp were evaluated. The experimental results showed that CEPT could quench the fluorescence intensity of BSA/HSA by a combined quenching (static and dynamic) procedure. The binding constant ( K), the thermodynamic parameters (Δ G, Δ H and Δ S) and binding subdomain were measured, and indicated that CEPT could spontaneously bind to BSA/HSA on subdomain IIA through the hydrophobic interactions. The effect of CEPT on the secondary structure of proteins has been analyzed by circular dichroism, 3D fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The binding distance between CEPT and tryptophan of BSA/HSA was 2.305/1.749 nm, which is based on the Förster resonance energy transfer theory. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the prognosis factors of the patients with gastric cancer after the surgery to offer the references to optimize the treatment of gastric cancer and improve their prognosis. Methods A total of 202 patients with gastric cancer after resection in the grade-A class-two comphrehensive hospitals in Jiulongpo District of Chongqing City from January 2005 to January 2008 were selected, and conducted analysis of their pathological features and postoperative chemotherapy. Results Among 202 patients, the overall survival rates of 1,3,5 years after the surgery were 93.56% (189/202), 77.72% (157/202) and 34.16% (69/202) in succession. The study instructed that the tumor size, depth of invasion, differentiated degree, lymphatic metastasis quantity and TNM staging were independent prognosis factors of gastric cancer after resection(P<0.05). Conclusion Tumor size, lymphatic metastasis, depth of invasion,number of metastatic nodes, TNM stages can be used to prognosis and treatment regimen of gastric cancer patients who received radical resection. The lymphatic metastasis quantity, differentiated degree, tumor size, depth of invasion and TNM staging were deemed as the reference of judgement of gastric cancer prognosis and treatment optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A selective and sensitive fluorescence method for hypochlorite (ClO−) was designed using glutathione (GSH) modified silicon-doped carbon quantum dots (GSH@Si-CDs). Then a dual emission ratio fluorescence probe (RF-probe) was obtained based on carbodiimide-activated coupling reaction between GSH and Si-CDs. i.e., when the excitation wavelength was kept at 360 nm, the GSH@Si-CDs exhibited strong blue and weak yellow fluorescence at 430 and 580 nm. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of GSH@Si-CDs could be selectively quenched at 430 nm and enhanced at 580 nm in the presence of ClO−, and corresponding limit of detection (LOD) and linear range were measured to be 0.35 µM and 1.0-33.3 µM. The sensing mechanism of the system was also investigated in detail. Moreover, the RF-probe with good accuracy was successfully employed to monitor ClO− in real samples with satisfactory results compared to the standard iodometric method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycationic Pp- x @g-C 3 N 4 composite was synthesized through an in situ polymerization process of N -alkylpyridinium acetylenic alcohol bromide (p- x ) above the surface of g-C 3 N 4 . The structure of p-0 and the Pp- x @g-C 3 N 4 properties were checked by modern technologies. Photocatalytic tests of Pp- x @g-C 3 N 4 in water splitting unveiled much better Pp- x @g-C 3 N 4 hydrogen evolution activities by comparison with both g-C 3 N 4 and Pp-0. The hydrogen production by Pp-0@g-C 3 N 4 was 1654.5 μmol h -1 g -1 , which is ∼26- and 22-fold greater in relation to what g-C 3 N 4 and Pp-0 produced (62.7 and 75.0 μmol h -1 g -1 , respectively), suggesting strong bilateral and synergistic interactions of g-C 3 N 4 with Pp-0. Although the lengthening methylene chain in the polymers weakened the hydrogen generation ability of Pp- x @g-C 3 N 4 , the conjugated double bonds, solubilization, and dispersion of Pp- x polycationic surfactants made Pp- x @g-C 3 N 4 superior to g-C 3 N 4 in water splitting. Due to the readily available raw materials, a simple way of preparation (starting chemicals to p-0 to Pp-0@g-C 3 N 4 ), high photocatalysis efficiency, light irritation stability, recyclable ability, and low toxicity, Pp-0@g-C 3 N 4 is a good candidate for water splitting.

The binding modes of cepharanthine (CEPT) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) have been established by reproducing physiological conditions, which is very important to understand the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of CEPT. These spectral data were further analyzed by the multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares method. Moreover, the concentration profiles and pure spectra of three species (BSA/HSA, CEPT and CEPT-BSA/HSA) and the apparent equilibrium constants K(app) were evaluated. The experimental results showed that CEPT could quench the fluorescence intensity of BSA/HSA by a combined quenching (static and dynamic) procedure. The binding constant (K), the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) and binding subdomain were measured, and indicated that CEPT could spontaneously bind to BSA/HSA on subdomain IIA through the hydrophobic interactions. The effect of CEPT on the secondary structure of proteins has been analyzed by circular dichroism, 3D fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The binding distance between CEPT and tryptophan of BSA/HSA was 2.305/1.749 nm, which is based on the Förster resonance energy transfer theory., (Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)