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189 results on '"Chartier S"'

65. Components of resistance to leaf rust in poplars: use in selection

Author

Lefevre, F., Chartier, S., Faivre Rampant, P., Goue, M. C., Françoise Laurans, Pilate, G., Jean Pinon, Alain Valadon, Marc Villar, Amélioration génétique et pépinières forestières (UR AGNO), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), and Irstea Publications, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, CEMAGREF, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Breeding is a major tool for the control of rust infection in poplar clone stands in Europe. The recent overcoming of resistance by new Melampsora larici-populina rust races raises the question of resistance stability. Based on the assumption that a simple and complete race-specific incompatibility may not be, alone, the most durable form of resistance, this note presents the current knowledge on the different resistance mechanisms under genetic control that could be combined in a selected variety. The physiological basis of general defense mechanisms is also approached. Controlled crosses with Populus deltoides, P. trichocarpa and P. nigra have been used to detect the genetic control of epidemiologic components with high heritability. European poplar breeding programmes benefit from a strong cooperation between scientists in different research field and from the development of new tools for the detailed analysis of the genome which fasten the selection of new clonal varieties. Therefore, special attention should be paid to a real development and diversified use of the selected clones., L'amélioration génétique est le principal outil de protection sanitaire de la peupleraie cultivée en Europe. Le contournement récent des résistances par de nouvelles races de Melampsora larici-populina pose le problème de la stabilité de la résistance. Faisant l'hypothèse que l'incompatibilité race-spécifique seule (ou résistance totale) ne présente pas les garanties de durabilité, nous présentons les différents mécanismes connus de résistance qui sont sous contrôle génétique et qui pourraient être pris en compte dans les schémas de sélection. Nous abordons également l'étude physiologique des mécanismes de défense générale. L'étude du déterminisme génétique des composantes épidémiologiques présentant une forte héritabilité porte sur des croisements contrôlés impliquant Populus deltoides, P. trichocarpa, et P. nigra. Les programmes européens d'amélioration des peupliers bénéficient actuellement d'une collaboration étroite entre différentes disciplines scientifiques et du développement de nouveaux clones. Une attention particulière doit alors être portée à la diffusion et à la diversification des sélections effectivement mises en culture.

78. Unveiling the strong interaction among hadrons at the LHC

Author

Acharya, Shreyasi, Adamova, Dagmar, Ahn, Sang Un, Bhattacharjee, Buddhadeb, Yurchenko, Volodymyr, Zaccolo, Valentina, Zaman, Ali, Zampolli, Chiara, Correia Zanoli, Henrique Jose, Zardoshti, Nima, Zarochentsev, Andrey, Zavada, Petr, Zavyalov, Nikolay, Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina, Bianchi, Antonio, Zhalov, Mikhail, Zhang, Song, Zhang, Xiaoming, Zhang, Zuman, Zherebchevskii, Vladimir, Yu, Zhi, Zhou, Daicui, Zhou, You, Zhou, Zhuo, Zhu, Jianhui, Bianchi, Livio, Zhu, Ya, Zichichi, Antonino, Zinovjev, Gennady, Zurlo, Nicola, ALICE Collaboration, Bianchi, Nicola, Bielcik, Jaroslav, Bielcikova, Jana, Bilandzic, Ante, Biro, Gabor, Biswas, Rathijit, Biswas, Saikat, Akbar, Zaenal, Blair, Justin Thomas, Blau, Dmitry, Blume, Christoph, Boca, Gianluigi, Bock, Friederike, Bogdanov, Alexey, Boi, Stefano, Bok, Jeongsu, Boldizsar, Laszlo, Bolozdynya, Alexander, Akindinov, Alexander, Bombara, Marek, Bonomi, Germano, Borel, Herve, Borissov, Alexander, Bossi, Hannah, Botta, Elena, Bratrud, Lars, Braun-munzinger, Peter, Bregant, Marco, Broz, Michal, Al-turany, Mohammad, Bruna, Elena, Bruno, Giuseppe Eugenio, Buckland, Matthew Daniel, Budnikov, Dmitry, Buesching, Henner, Bufalino, Stefania, Bugnon, Ophelie, Buhler, Paul Alois, Buncic, Predrag, Buthelezi, Edith Zinhle, Alam, Sk Noor, Bashir Butt, Jamila, Bysiak, Sebastian Adam, Caffarri, Davide, Caliva, Alberto, Calvo Villar, Ernesto, Mejia Camacho, Juan Manuel, Soto Camacho, Rabi, Camerini, Paolo, De Moraes Canedo, Fabio, Capon, Aaron Allan, Silva De Albuquerque, Danilo, Carnesecchi, Francesca, Caron, Robin Albert Andre, Castillo Castellanos, Javier Ernesto, Castro, Andrew John, Casula, Ester Anna Rita, Catalano, Fabio, Ceballos Sanchez, Cesar, Chakraborty, Pritam, Chandra, Sinjini, Chang, Wan, Aleksandrov, Dmitry, Chapeland, Sylvain, Chartier, Marielle, Chattopadhyay, Subhasis, Chattopadhyay, Sukalyan, Chauvin, Alex Henri Jean, Cheshkov, Cvetan Valeriev, Cheynis, Brigitte, Chibante Barroso, Vasco Miguel, Dobrigkeit Chinellato, David, Cho, Soyeon, Alessandro, Bruno, Chochula, Peter, Chowdhury, Tasnuva, Christakoglou, Panagiotis, Christensen, Christian Holm, Christiansen, Peter, Chujo, Tatsuya, Cicalo, Corrado, Cifarelli, Luisa, De Cilladi, Lorenzo, Cindolo, Federico, Alfanda, Haidar Mas'ud, Ciupek, Michael Rudolf, Clai, Giulia, Cleymans, Jean Willy Andre, Colamaria, Fabio Filippo, Colella, Domenico, Collu, Alberto, Colocci, Manuel, Concas, Matteo, Conesa Balbastre, Gustavo, Conesa Del Valle, Zaida, Alfaro Molina, Jose Ruben, Contin, Giacomo, Contreras Nuno, Jesus Guillermo, Cormier, Thomas Michael, Corrales Morales, Yasser, Cortese, Pietro, Cosentino, Mauro Rogerio, Costa, Filippo, Costanza, Susanna, Crochet, Philippe, Cuautle Flores, Eleazar, Adler, Alexander, Ali, Bushra, Cui, Pengyao, Cunqueiro Mendez, Leticia, Dabrowski, Daniel, Dahms, Torsten, Dainese, Andrea, Damas, Florian Paul Andre, Danisch, Meike Charlotte, Danu, Andrea, Das, Debasish, Das, Indranil, Ali, Yasir, Das, Prottay, Das, Prottoy, Das, Supriya, Dash, Ajay Kumar, Dash, Sadhana, De, Sudipan, De Caro, Annalisa, De Cataldo, Giacinto, De Cuveland, Jan, De Falco, Alessandro, Alici, Andrea, De Gruttola, Daniele, De Marco, Nora, De Pasquale, Salvatore, Deb, Suman, Franz Degenhardt, Hermann, Deja, Kamil Rafal, Deloff, Andrzej, Delsanto, Silvia, Deng, Wenjing, Dhankher, Preeti, Alizadehvandchali, Negin, Di Bari, Domenico, Di Mauro, Antonio, Arteche Diaz, Raul, Dietel, Thomas, Raisig, Pascal, Ding, Yanchun, Divia, Roberto, Dixit, Dhruv Utpalkumar, Djuvsland, Oeystein, Dmitrieva, Uliana, Alkin, Anton, Dobrin, Alexandru Florin, Donigus, Benjamin, Dordic, Olja, Dubey, Anand Kumar, Dubla, Andrea, Dudi, Sandeep, Mallick, Dukhishyam, Dupieux, Pascal, Ehlers Iii, Raymond James, Eikeland, Viljar Nilsen, Alme, Johan, Elia, Domenico, Erazmus, Barbara Ewa, Erhardt, Filip, Erokhin, Andrey, Ersdal, Magnus Rentsch, Espagnon, Bruno, Eulisse, Giulio, Evans, David, Evdokimov, Sergey, Fabbietti, Laura, Alt, Torsten, Faggin, Mattia, Faivre, Julien, Fan, Feng, Fantoni, Alessandra, Fasel, Markus, Fecchio, Pietro, Feliciello, Alessandro, Feofilov, Grigorii, Fernandez Tellez, Arturo, Ferrero, Andrea, Altenkamper, Lucas, Ferretti, Alessandro, Festanti, Andrea, Feuillard, Victor Jose Gaston, Figiel, Jan, Filchagin, Sergey, Finogeev, Dmitry, Fionda, Fiorella, Fiorenza, Gabriele, Flor, Fernando Antonio, Flores, Amanda Nicole, Altsybeev, Igor, Foertsch, Siegfried Valentin, Foka, Panagiota, Fokin, Sergey, Fragiacomo, Enrico, Frankenfeld, Ulrich Michael, Fuchs, Ulrich, Furget, Christophe, Furs, Artur, Fusco Girard, Mario, Gaardhoeje, Jens Joergen, Anaam, Mustafa, Gagliardi, Martino, Gago Medina, Alberto Martin, Gal, Arthur Willem Jean, Duarte Galvan, Carlos, Ganoti, Paraskevi, Garabatos Cuadrado, Jose, Alvarado Garcia, Jesus Ricardo, Garcia-solis, Edmundo Javier, Garg, Kunal, Gargiulo, Corrado, Adolfsson, Jonatan, Andrei, Cristian, Garibli, Aydan, Garner, Katharina, Gasik, Piotr Jan, Gauger, Erin Frances, De Leone Gay, Maria Beatriz, Germain, Marie, Ghosh, Jhuma, Ghosh, Premomoy, Ghosh, Sanjay Kumar, Giacalone, Marco, Andreou, Dimitra, Gianotti, Paola, Giubellino, Paolo, Giubilato, Piero, Glaenzer, Aude Marie Camille, Glassel, Peter, Gomez Ramirez, Andres, Gonzalez, Victor, Gonzalez Trueba, Laura Helena, Gorbunov, Sergey, Gorlich, Lidia Maria, Andronic, Anton, Goswami, Ankita, Gotovac, Sven, Grabski, Varlen, Graczykowski, Lukasz Kamil, Graham, Katie Leanne, Greiner, Leo Clifford, Grelli, Alessandro, Grigoras, Costin, Grigoryev, Vladislav, Grigoryan, Ara, Angeletti, Massimo, Grigoryan, Smbat, Groettvik, Ola Slettevoll, Grosa, Fabrizio, Grosse-oetringhaus, Jan Fiete, Grosso, Raffaele, Guernane, Rachid, Guittiere, Manuel, Gulbrandsen, Kristjan Herlache, Gunji, Taku, Gupta, Anik, Anguelov, Venelin, Gupta, Ramni, Bautista Guzman, Irais, Haake, Rudiger, Habib, Michael Karim, Hadjidakis, Cynthia Marie, Hamagaki, Hideki, Hamar, Gergoe, Hamid, Mohammed, Hannigan, Ryan Patrick, Haque, Md Rihan, Anson, Christopher Daniel, Harlenderova, Alena, Harris, John William, Harton, Austin Vincent, Hasenbichler, Jan Anton, Hassan, Hadi, Hassan, Qamar Ul, Hatzifotiadou, Despina, Hauer, Philip, Havener, Laura Brittany, Hayashi, Shinichi, Anticic, Tome, Heckel, Stefan Thomas, Hellbar, Ernst, Helstrup, Haavard, Herghelegiu, Andrei Ionut, Herman, Tomas, Gonzalez Hernandez, Emma, Herrera Corral, Gerardo Antonio, Herrmann, Florian, Hetland, Kristin Fanebust, Hillemanns, Hartmut, Antinori, Federico, Hills, Christopher, Hippolyte, Boris, Hohlweger, Bernhard, Honermann, Jan, Horak, David, Hornung, Andrea, Hornung, Sebastian, Hosokawa, Ritsuya, Hristov, Peter Zahariev, Huang, Chun-lu, Antonioli, Pietro, Hughes, Charles, Huhn, Patrick, Humanic, Thomas, Hushnud, Hushnud, Husova, Lucia Anna, Hussain, Nur, Hussain, Syed Asad, Hutter, Dirk, Iddon, James Philip, Ilkaev, Radiy, Apadula, Nicole, Ilyas, Hira, Inaba, Motoi, Innocenti, Gian Michele, Ippolitov, Mikhail, Isakov, Artem, Islam, Md Samsul, Ivanov, Marian, Ivanov, Vladimir, Izucheev, Vladimir, Jacak, Barbara, Aggarwal, Madan Mohan, Aphecetche, Laurent Bernard, Jacazio, Nicolo, Jacobs, Peter Martin, Jadlovska, Slavka, Jadlovsky, Jan, Jaelani, Syaefudin, Jahnke, Cristiane, Jakubowska, Monika Joanna, Janik, Malgorzata Anna, Janson, Thomas, Jercic, Marko, Appelshaeuser, Harald, Jevons, Oliver Thomas, Jin, Muqing, Jonas, Florian, Jones, Peter Graham, Jung, Jerome, Jung, Michael, Jusko, Anton, Kalinak, Peter, Kalweit, Alexander Philipp, Kaplin, Vladimir, Arcelli, Silvia, Kar, Somnath, Karasu Uysal, Ayben, Karatovic, David, Karavichev, Oleg, Karavicheva, Tatiana, Karczmarczyk, Przemyslaw, Karpechev, Evgeny, Kazantsev, Andrey, Kebschull, Udo Wolfgang, Keidel, Ralf, Arnaldi, Roberta, Keil, Markus, Ketzer, Bernhard Franz, Khabanova, Zhanna, Khan, Ahsan Mehmood, Khan, Shaista, Khanzadeev, Alexei, Kharlov, Yury, Khatun, Anisa, Khuntia, Arvind, Kileng, Bjarte, Arratia Munoz, Miguel Ignacio, Kim, Beomkyu, Kim, Byungchul, Kim, Daehyeok, Kim, Dong Jo, Kim, Eun Joo, Kim, Hyeonjoong, Kim, Jaehyun, Kim, Jinsook, Kim, Jiyoung, Kim, Jungeol, Arsene, Ionut Cristian, Kim, Junlee, Kim, Minjung, Kim, Se Yong, Kim, Taejun, Kim, Taesoo, Kirsch, Stefan, Kisel, Ivan, Kiselev, Sergey, Kisiel, Adam Ryszard, Klay, Jennifer Lynn, Arslandok, Mesut, Klein, Carsten, Klein, Jochen, Klein, Spencer Robert, Klein-boesing, Christian, Kleiner, Matthias, Kluge, Alexander, Knichel, Michael Linus, Knospe, Anders Garritt, Kobdaj, Chinorat, Kohler, Markus Konrad, Augustinus, Andre, Kollegger, Thorsten Sven, Kondratyev, Andrey, Kondratyeva, Natalia, Kondratyuk, Evgeny, Konig, Joshua Leon, Konigstorfer, Stephan Alexander, Konopka, Piotr Jan, Kornakov, Georgui, Koska, Lukas, Kovalenko, Oleksandr, Averbeck, Ralf Peter, Kovalenko, Vladimir, Kowalski, Marek, Kralik, Ivan, Kravcakova, Adela, Kreis, Lukas, Krivda, Marian, Krizek, Filip, Krizkova Gajdosova, Katarina, Kruger, Mario, Kryshen, Evgeny, Aziz, Sizar, Krzewicki, Mikolaj, Kubera, Andrew Michael, Kucera, Vit, Kuhn, Christian Claude, Kuijer, Paulus Gerardus, Kumar, Lokesh, Kundu, Sourav, Kurashvili, Podist, Kurepin, Alexander, Kurepin, Alexey, Aglieri Rinella, Gianluca, Azmi, Mohd Danish, Kuryakin, Alexey, Kushpil, Svetlana, Kvapil, Jakub, Kweon, Min Jung, Kwon, Jiyeon, Kwon, Youngil, La Pointe, Sarah Louise, La Rocca, Paola, Lai, Yue Shi, Lamanna, Massimo, Badala, Angela, Langoy, Rune, Lapidus, Kirill, Lardeux, Antoine Xavier, Larionov, Pavel, Laudi, Elisa, Lavicka, Roman, Lazareva, Tatiana, Lea, Ramona, Leardini, Lucia, Lee, Joonil, Baek, Yongwook, Lee, Seongjoo, Lehner, Sebastian, Lehrbach, Johannes, Lemmon, Roy Crawford, Leon Monzon, Ildefonso, Lesser, Ezra Douglas, Lettrich, Michael, Levai, Peter, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xing Long, Bagnasco, Stefano, Lien, Jorgen Andre, Lietava, Roman, Lim, Bong-hwi, Lindenstruth, Volker, Lindner, Amelia, Lippmann, Christian, Lisa, Michael Annan, Liu, Alwina Ruixin, Liu, Jian, Liu, Suyuan, Bai, Xiaozhi, Llope, William Joseph, Lofnes, Ingrid Mckibben, Loginov, Vitaly, Loizides, Constantinos, Loncar, Petra, Lopez Lopez, Jorge Andres, Lopez, Xavier Bernard, Lopez Torres, Ernesto, Luhder, Jens Robert, Lunardon, Marcello, Bailhache, Raphaelle Marie, Luparello, Grazia, Ma, Yugang, Maevskaya, Alla, Mager, Magnus, Mahmood, Sohail Musa, Mahmoud, Tariq, Maire, Antonin, Majka, Richard Daniel, Malaev, Mikhail, Malik, Qasim Waheed, Bala, Renu, Malinina, Liudmila, Mal Kevich, Dmitry, Malzacher, Peter, Mandaglio, Giuseppe, Manko, Vladislav, Manso, Franck, Manzari, Vito, Mao, Yaxian, Marchisone, Massimiliano, Mares, Jiri, Balbino, Alessandro, Margagliotti, Giacomo Vito, Margotti, Anselmo, Marin, Ana Maria, Markert, Christina, Marquard, Marco, De Martin, Chiara, Martin, Nicole Alice, Martinengo, Paolo, Martinez, Jacobb Lee, Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan, Baldisseri, Alberto, Martinez-garcia, Gines, Masciocchi, Silvia, Masera, Massimo, Masoni, Alberto, Massacrier, Laure Marie, Masson, Erwann, Mastroserio, Annalisa, Mathis, Andreas Michael, Matonoha, Oliver, Toledo Matuoka, Paula Fernanda, Ball, Markus, Matyja, Adam Tomasz, Mayer, Christoph, Mazzaschi, Francesco, Mazzilli, Marianna, Mazzoni, Alessandra Maria, Mechler, Adrian Florin, Meddi, Franco, Melikyan, Yury, Menchaca-rocha, Arturo Alejandro, Cai, Mengke, Agnello, Michelangelo, Balouza, Samah, Meninno, Elisa, Sasikumar Menon, Anjaly, Meres, Michal, Mhlanga, Sibaliso, Miake, Yasuo, Micheletti, Luca, Migliorin, Lucrezia Camilla, Mihaylov, Dimitar Lubomirov, Mikhaylov, Konstantin, Mishra, Aditya Nath, Banerjee, Debjani, Miskowiec, Dariusz Czeslaw, Modak, Abhi, Mohammadi, Naghmeh, Mohanty, Auro Prasad, Mohanty, Bedangadas, Khan, Mohammed Mohisin, Moravcova, Zuzana, Mordasini, Cindy, Moreira De Godoy, Denise Aparecida, Perez Moreno, Luis Alberto, Barbera, Roberto, Morozov, Igor, Morsch, Andreas, Mrnjavac, Teo, Muccifora, Valeria, Mudnic, Eugen, Muhlheim, Daniel Michael, Muhuri, Sanjib, Mulligan, James Declan, Mulliri, Alice, Gameiro Munhoz, Marcelo, Barioglio, Luca, Munzer, Robert Helmut, Murakami, Hikari, Murray, Sean, Musa, Luciano, Musinsky, Jan, Myers, Corey James, Myrcha, Julian Wojciech, Naik, Bharati, Nair, Rahul Ramachandran, Nandi, Basanta Kumar, Barnafoldi, Gergely Gabor, Nania, Rosario, Nappi, Eugenio, Naru, Muhammad Umair, Nassirpour, Adrian Fereydon, Nattrass, Christine, Nayak, Ranjit, Nayak, Tapan Kumar, Nazarenko, Sergey, Neagu, Alexandra, Negrao De Oliveira, Renato Aparecido, Barnby, Lee Stuart, Nellen, Lukas, Nesbo, Simon Voigt, Neskovic, Gvozden, Nesterov, Dmitrii, Neumann, Lukasz Tomasz, Nielsen, Borge Svane, Nikolaev, Sergey, Nikulin, Sergey, Nikulin, Vladimir, Noferini, Francesco, Ramillien Barret, Valerie, Nomokonov, Petr, Norman, Jaime, Novitzky, Norbert, Nowakowski, Piotr, Nyanin, Alexander, Nystrand, Joakim Ingemar, Ogino, Masanori, Ohlson, Alice Elisabeth, Oleniacz, Janusz, Oliveira Da Silva, Antonio Carlos, Bartalini, Paolo, Oliver, Michael Henry, Oppedisano, Chiara, Ortiz Velasquez, Antonio, Oskarsson, Anders Nils Erik, Otwinowski, Jacek Tomasz, Oyama, Ken, Pachmayer, Yvonne Chiara, Pacik, Vojtech, Padhan, Sonali, Pagano, Davide, Bartels, Clara, Paic, Guy, Pan, Jinjin, Panebianco, Stefano, Pareek, Pooja, Park, Jonghan, Parkkila, Jasper Elias, Parmar, Sonia, Pathak, Surya Prakash, Paul, Biswarup, Pazzini, Jacopo, Barth, Klaus, Pei, Hua, Peitzmann, Thomas, Peng, Xinye, Pereira, Luis Gustavo, Pereira Da Costa, Hugo Denis Antonio, Peresunko, Dmitry Yurevich, Mesa Perez, Guillermo, Perrin, Sebastien, Pestov, Yury, Petracek, Vojtech, Agrawal, Neelima, Bartsch, Esther, Petrovici, Mihai, Peretti Pezzi, Rafael, Piano, Stefano, Pikna, Miroslav, Pillot, Philippe, Pinazza, Ombretta, Pinsky, Lawrence, Pinto, Chiara, Pisano, Silvia, Pistone, Daniele, Baruffaldi, Filippo, Ploskon, Mateusz Andrzej, Planinic, Mirko, Pliquett, Fabian, Poghosyan, Martin, Polishchuk, Boris, Poljak, Nikola, Pop, Amalia, Porteboeuf, Sarah Julie, Pozdniakov, Valeriy, Prasad, Sidharth Kumar, Bastid, Nicole, Preghenella, Roberto, Prino, Francesco, Pruneau, Claude Andre, Pshenichnov, Igor, Puccio, Maximiliano, Putschke, Jorn Henning, Qiu, Shi, Quaglia, Luca, Quishpe Quishpe, Raquel Estefania, Ragoni, Simone, Basu, Sumit, Raha, Sibaji, Rajput, Sonia, Rak, Jan, Rakotozafindrabe, Andry Malala, Ramello, Luciano, Rami, Fouad, Rodriguez Ramirez, Saul Anibal, Raniwala, Rashmi, Raniwala, Sudhir, Rasanen, Sami Sakari, Batigne, Guillaume, Rath, Rutuparna, Ratza, Viktor, Ravasenga, Ivan, Read, Kenneth Francis, Redelbach, Andreas Ralph, Redlich, Krzysztof, Rehman, Attiq Ur, Reichelt, Patrick Simon, Reidt, Felix, Ren, Xiaowen, Batyunya, Boris, Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst, Jakubcinova, Zuzana, Reygers, Klaus Johannes, Riabov, Andrei, Riabov, Viktor, Richert, Tuva Ora Herenui, Richter, Matthias Rudolph, Riedler, Petra, Riegler, Werner, Riggi, Francesco, Bauri, Dibakar, Ristea, Catalin-lucian, Rode, Sudhir Pandurang, Rodriguez Cahuantzi, Mario, Roeed, Ketil, Rogalev, Roman, Rogochaya, Elena, Rohr, David Michael, Roehrich, Dieter, Fierro Rojas, Pablo, Rokita, Przemyslaw Stefan, Bazo Alba, Jose Luis, Ronchetti, Federico, Rosano, Antonina, Dominguez Rosas, Edgar, Roslon, Krystian, Rossi, Andrea, Rotondi, Alberto, Roy, Ankhi, Roy, Pradip Kumar, Vazquez Rueda, Omar, Rui, Rinaldo, Bearden, Ian Gardner, Rumyantsev, Boris, Rustamov, Anar, Ryabinkin, Evgeny, Ryabov, Yury, Rybicki, Andrzej, Rytkonen, Heidi Maria, Saarimaki, Oskari Antti Matti, Sadek, Rita, Sadhu, Samrangy, Sadovskiy, Sergey, Beattie, Caitlin, Safarik, Karel, Saha, Sumit Kumar, Sahoo, Baidyanath, Sahoo, Pragati, Sahoo, Raghunath, Sahoo, Sarita, Sahu, Pradip Kumar, Saini, Jogender, Sakai, Shingo, Sambyal, Sanjeev Singh, Ahammed, Zubayer, Bedda, Cristina, Samsonov, Vladimir, Sarkar, Debojit, Sarkar, Nachiketa, Sarma, Pranjal, Mantovani Sarti, Valentina, Sas, Mike Henry Petrus, Scapparone, Eugenio, Schambach, Johann Joachim, Scheid, Horst Sebastian, Schiaua, Claudiu Cornel, Behera, Nirbhay Kumar, Schicker, Rainer Martin, Schmah, Alexander, Schmidt, Christian Joachim, Schmidt, Hans Rudolf, Schmidt, Marten Ole, Schmidt, Martin, Schmidt, Nicolas, Schmier, Austin Robert, Schukraft, Jurgen, Schutz, Yves Roland, Belikov, Iouri, Schwarz, Kilian Eberhard, Schweda, Kai Oliver, Scioli, Gilda, Scomparin, Enrico, Seger, Janet Elizabeth, Sekiguchi, Yuko, Sekihata, Daiki, Selyuzhenkov, Ilya, Senyukov, Serhiy, Serebryakov, Dmitry, Bell Hechavarria, Ailec, Sevcenco, Adrian, Shabanov, Arseniy, Shabetai, Alexandre, Shahoyan, Ruben, Shaikh, Wadut, Shangaraev, Artem, Sharma, Anjali, Sharma, Ankita, Sharma, Himanshu, Sharma, Meenakshi, Bellini, Francesca, Sharma, Natasha, Sharma, Sheetal, Sheibani, Oveis, Shigaki, Kenta, Hachiya Shimomura, Maya, Shirinkin, Sergey, Shou, Qiye, Sibiryak, Yury, Siddhanta, Sabyasachi, Siemiarczuk, Teodor, Bellwied, Rene, Silvermyr, David Olle Rickard, Simatovic, Goran, Simonetti, Giuseppe, Singh, Bhawani, Singh, Ranbir, Singh, Randhir, Singh, Ravindra, Singh, Vivek, Singhal, Vikas, Sarkar - Sinha, Tinku, Belyaev, Vladimir, Sitar, Branislav, Sitta, Mario, Skaali, Bernhard, Slupecki, Maciej, Smirnov, Nikolai, Snellings, Raimond, Soncco Meza, Carlos, Song, Jihye, Songmoolnak, Arnon, Soramel, Francesca, Bencedi, Gyula, Sorensen, Soren Pontoppidan, Sputowska, Iwona Anna, Stachel, Johanna, Stan, Ionel, Steffanic, Patrick John, Stenlund, Evert Anders, Stiefelmaier, Stephan Friedrich, Stocco, Diego, Storetvedt, Maksim Melnik, Dello Stritto, Luigi, Beole, Stefania, Alarcon Do Passo Suaide, Alexandre, Sugitate, Toru, Suire, Christophe Pierre, Suleymanov, Mais Kazim Oglu, Suljic, Miljenko, Sultanov, Rishat, Sumbera, Michal, Sumberia, Vikash, Sumowidagdo, Suharyo, Swain, Sagarika, Bercuci, Alexandru, Szabo, Alexander, Szarka, Imrich, Tabassam, Uzma, Taghavi, Seyed Farid, Taillepied, Guillaume, Takahashi, Jun, Tambave, Ganesh Jagannath, Tang, Siyu, Tarhini, Mohamad, Tarzila, Madalina-gabriela, Ahmad, Shakeel, Berdnikov, Yaroslav, Tauro, Arturo, Tejeda Munoz, Guillermo, Telesca, Adriana, Terlizzi, Livia, Terrevoli, Cristina, Thakur, Dhananjaya, Thakur, Sanchari, Thomas, Deepa, Thoresen, Freja, Tieulent, Raphael Noel, Berenyi, Daniel, Tikhonov, Anatoly, Timmins, Anthony Robert, Toia, Alberica, Topilskaya, Nataliya, Toppi, Marco, Torales Acosta, Fernando, Rojas Torres, Solangel, Trifiro, Antonio, Tripathy, Sushanta, Tripathy, Tulika, Bertens, Redmer Alexander, Trogolo, Stefano, Trombetta, Giuseppe, Tropp, Lukas, Trubnikov, Victor, Trzaska, Wladyslaw Henryk, Trzcinski, Tomasz Piotr, Trzeciak, Barbara Antonina, Tumkin, Alexandr, Turrisi, Rosario, Tveter, Trine Spedstad, Berzano, Dario, Ullaland, Kjetil, Umaka, Ejiro Naomi, Uras, Antonio, Usai, Gianluca, Vala, Martin, Valle, Nicolo', Vallero, Sara, Van Der Kolk, Naomi, Van Doremalen, Lennart, Van Leeuwen, Marco, Besoiu, Mihaela Gabriela, Vande Vyvre, Pierre, Varga, Dezso, Varga, Zoltan, Varga-kofarago, Monika, Diozcora Vargas Trevino, Aurora, Vasileiou, Maria, Vasiliev, Andrey, Vazquez Doce, Oton, Vechernin, Vladimir, Vercellin, Ermanno, Betev, Latchezar, Vergara Limon, Sergio, Vermunt, Lucas Anne, Vernet, Renaud, Vertesi, Robert, Vickovic, Linda, Vilakazi, Zabulon, Villalobos Baillie, Orlando, Vino, Gioacchino, Vinogradov, Alexander, Virgili, Tiziano, Bhasin, Anju, Vislavicius, Vytautas, Vodopyanov, Alexander, Volkel, Benedikt, Volkl, Martin Andreas, Voloshin, Kirill, Voloshin, Sergey, Volpe, Giacomo, Von Haller, Barthelemy, Vorobyev, Ivan, Voscek, Dominik, Bhat, Inayat Rasool, Vrlakova, Janka, Wagner, Boris, Weber, Michael, Weber, Steffen Georg, Wegrzynek, Adam Tadeusz, Wenzel, Sandro Christian, Wessels, Johannes Peter, Wiechula, Jens, Wikne, Jon, Wilk, Grzegorz Andrzej, Bhat, Mohammad Asif, Wilkinson, Jeremy John, Willems, Guido Alexander, Willsher, Emily Jade, Windelband, Bernd Stefan, Winn, Michael Andreas, Witt, William Edward, Wright, Josephina Rae, Wu, Yitao, Xu, Ran, Yalcin Kuzu, Serpil, Bhatt, Himani, Yamaguchi, Yorito, Yamakawa, Kosei, Yang, Shiming, Yano, Satoshi, Yin, Zhongbao, Yokoyama, Hiroki, Yoo, In Kwon, Yoon, Jin Hee, Yuan, Shiming, Yuncu, Alperen, Acharya, S., Adamova, D., Adler, A., Adolfsson, J., Aggarwal, M. M., Rinella, G. A., Agnello, M., Agrawal, N., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, S., Ahn, S. U., Akbar, Z., Akindinov, A., Al-Turany, M., Alam, S. N., Albuquerque, D. S. D., Aleksandrov, D., Alessandro, B., Alfanda, H. M., Molina, R. A., Ali, B., Ali, Y., Alici, A., Alizadehvandchali, N., Alkin, A., Alme, J., Alt, T., Altenkamper, L., Altsybeev, I., Anaam, M. N., Andrei, C., Andreou, D., Andronic, A., Angeletti, M., Anguelov, V., Anson, C., Anticic, T., Antinori, F., Antonioli, P., Apadula, N., Aphecetche, L., Appelshauser, H., Arcelli, S., Arnaldi, R., Arratia, M., Arsene, I. C., Arslandok, M., Augustinus, A., Averbeck, R., Aziz, S., Azmi, M. D., Badala, A., Baek, Y. W., Bagnasco, S., Bai, X., Bailhache, R., Bala, R., Balbino, A., Baldisseri, A., Ball, M., Balouza, S., Banerjee, D., Barbera, R., Barioglio, L., Barnafoldi, G. G., Barnby, L. S., Barret, V., Bartalini, P., Bartels, C., Barth, K., Bartsch, E., Baruffaldi, F., Bastid, N., Basu, S., Batigne, G., Batyunya, B., Bauri, D., Alba, J. L. B., Bearden, I. G., Beattie, C., Bedda, C., Behera, N. K., Belikov, I., Hechavarria, A. D. C. B., Bellini, F., Bellwied, R., Belyaev, V., Bencedi, G., Beole, S., Bercuci, A., Berdnikov, Y., Berenyi, D., Bertens, R. A., Berzano, D., Besoiu, M. G., Betev, L., Bhasin, A., Bhat, I. R., Bhat, M. A., Bhatt, H., Bhattacharjee, B., Bianchi, A., Bianchi, L., Bianchi, N., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bilandzic, A., Biro, G., Biswas, R., Biswas, S., Blair, J. T., Blau, D., Blume, C., Boca, G., Bock, F., Bogdanov, A., Boi, S., Bok, J., Boldizsar, L., Bolozdynya, A., Bombara, M., Bonomi, G., Borel, H., Borissov, A., Bossi, H., Botta, E., Bratrud, L., Braun-Munzinger, P., Bregant, M., Broz, M., Bruna, E., Bruno, G. E., Buckland, M. D., Budnikov, D., Buesching, H., Bufalino, S., Bugnon, O., Buhler, P., Buncic, P., Buthelezi, Z., Butt, J. B., Bysiak, S. A., Caffarri, D., Caliva, A., Villar, E. C., Camacho, J. M. M., Camacho, R. S., Camerini, P., Canedo, F. D. M., Capon, A. A., Carnesecchi, F., Caron, R., Castellanos, J. C., Castro, A. J., Casula, E. A. R., Catalano, F., Sanchez, C. C., Chakraborty, P., Chandra, S., Chang, W., Chapeland, S., Chartier, M., Chattopadhyay, S., Chauvin, A., Cheshkov, C., Cheynis, B., Barroso, V. C., Chinellato, D. D., Cho, S., Chochula, P., Chowdhury, T., Christakoglou, P., Christensen, C. H., Christiansen, P., Chujo, T., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Cilladi, L. D., Cindolo, F., Ciupek, M. R., Clai, G., Cleymans, J., Colamaria, F., Colella, D., Collu, A., Colocci, M., Concas, M., Balbastre, G. C., del Valle, Z. C., Contin, G., Contreras, J. G., Cormier, T. M., Morales, Y. C., Cortese, P., Cosentino, M. R., Costa, F., Costanza, S., Crochet, P., Cuautle, E., Cui, P., Cunqueiro, L., Dabrowski, D., Dahms, T., Dainese, A., Damas, F. P. A., Danisch, M. 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N., Foertsch, S., Foka, P., Fokin, S., Fragiacomo, E., Frankenfeld, U., Fuchs, U., Furget, C., Furs, A., Girard, M. F., Gaardhoje, J. J., Gagliardi, M., Gago, A. M., Gal, A., Galvan, C. D., Ganoti, P., Garabatos, C., Garcia, J. R. A., Garcia-Solis, E., Garg, K., Gargiulo, C., Garibli, A., Garner, K., Gasik, P., Gauger, E. F., Ducati, M. B. G., Germain, M., Ghosh, J., Ghosh, P., Ghosh, S. K., Giacalone, M., Gianotti, P., Giubellino, P., Giubilato, P., Glaenzer, A. M. C., Glassel, P., Ramirez, A. G., Gonzalez, V., Gonzalez-Trueba, L. H., Gorbunov, S., Gorlich, L., Goswami, A., Gotovac, S., Grabski, V., Graczykowski, L. K., Graham, K. L., Greiner, L., Grelli, A., Grigoras, C., Grigoriev, V., Grigoryan, A., Grigoryan, S., Groettvik, O. S., Grosa, F., Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F., Grosso, R., Guernane, R., Guittiere, M., Gulbrandsen, K., Gunji, T., Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Guzman, I. B., Haake, R., Habib, M. K., Hadjidakis, C., Hamagaki, H., Hamar, G., Hamid, M., Hannigan, R., Haque, M. R., Harlenderova, A., Harris, J. W., Harton, A., Hasenbichler, J. A., Hassan, H., Hassan, Q. U., Hatzifotiadou, D., Hauer, P., Havener, L. B., Hayashi, S., Heckel, S. T., Hellbar, E., Helstrup, H., Herghelegiu, A., Herman, T., Hernandez, E. G., Corral, G. H., Herrmann, F., Hetland, K. F., Hillemanns, H., Hills, C., Hippolyte, B., Hohlweger, B., Honermann, J., Horak, D., Hornung, A., Hornung, S., Hosokawa, R., Hristov, P., Huang, C., Hughes, C., Huhn, P., Humanic, T. J., Hushnud, H., Husova, L. A., Hussain, N., Hussain, S. A., Hutter, D., Iddon, J. P., Ilkaev, R., Ilyas, H., Inaba, M., Innocenti, G. M., Ippolitov, M., Isakov, A., Islam, M. S., Ivanov, M., Ivanov, V., Izucheev, V., Jacak, B., Jacazio, N., Jacobs, P. M., Jadlovska, S., Jadlovsky, J., Jaelani, S., Jahnke, C., Jakubowska, M. J., Janik, M. A., Janson, T., Jercic, M., Jevons, O., Jin, M., Jonas, F., Jones, P. G., Jung, J., Jung, M., Jusko, A., Kalinak, P., Kalweit, A., Kaplin, V., Kar, S., Uysal, A. K., Karatovic, D., Karavichev, O., Karavicheva, T., Karczmarczyk, P., Karpechev, E., Kazantsev, A., Kebschull, U., Keidel, R., Keil, M., Ketzer, B., Khabanova, Z., Khan, A. M., Khan, S., Khanzadeev, A., Kharlov, Y., Khatun, A., Khuntia, A., Kileng, B., Kim, B., Kim, D., Kim, D. J., Kim, E. J., Kim, H., Kim, J., Kim, J. S., Kim, M., Kim, S., Kim, T., Kirsch, S., Kisel, I., Kiselev, S., Kisiel, A., Klay, J. L., Klein, C., Klein, J., Klein, S., Klein-Bosing, C., Kleiner, M., Kluge, A., Knichel, M. L., Knospe, A. G., Kobdaj, C., Kohler, M. K., Kollegger, T., Kondratyev, A., Kondratyeva, N., Kondratyuk, E., Konig, J., Konigstorfer, S. A., Konopka, P. J., Kornakov, G., Koska, L., Kovalenko, O., Kovalenko, V., Kowalski, M., Kralik, I., Kravcakova, A., Kreis, L., Krivda, M., Krizek, F., Gajdosova, K. K., Kruger, M., Kryshen, E., Krzewicki, M., Kubera, A. M., Kucera, V., Kuhn, C., Kuijer, P. G., Kumar, L., Kundu, S., Kurashvili, P., Kurepin, A., Kurepin, A. 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N., Uras, A., Usai, G. L., Vala, M., Valle, N., Vallero, S., van der Kolk, N., van Doremalen, L. V. R., van Leeuwen, M., Vyvre, P. V., Varga, D., Varga, Z., Varga-Kofarago, M., Vargas, A., Vasileiou, M., Vasiliev, A., Doce, O. V., Vechernin, V., Vercellin, E., Limon, S. V., Vermunt, L., Vernet, R., Vertesi, R., Vickovic, L., Vilakazi, Z., Baillie, O. V., Vino, G., Vinogradov, A., Virgili, T., Vislavicius, V., Vodopyanov, A., Volkel, B., Volkl, M. A., Voloshin, K., Voloshin, S. A., Volpe, G., von Haller, B., Vorobyev, I., Voscek, D., Vrlakova, J., Wagner, B., Weber, M., Weber, S. G., Wegrzynek, A., Wenzel, S. C., Wessels, J. P., Wiechula, J., Wikne, J., Wilk, G., Wilkinson, J., Willems, G. A., Willsher, E., Windelband, B., Winn, M., Witt, W. E., Wright, J. R., Wu, Y., Xu, R., Yalcin, S., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamakawa, K., Yang, S., Yano, S., Yin, Z., Yokoyama, H., Yoo, I. -K., Yoon, J. H., Yuan, S., Yuncu, A., Yurchenko, V., Zaccolo, V., Zaman, A., Zampolli, C., Zanoli, H. J. C., Zardoshti, N., Zarochentsev, A., Zavada, P., Zaviyalov, N., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhalov, M., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., Zherebchevskii, V., Zhi, Y., Zhou, D., Zhou, Y., Zhou, Z., Zhu, J., Zhu, Y., Zichichi, A., Zinovjev, G., Zurlo, N., Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ALICE, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), S. 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Ryabov, A. Rybicki, H. Rytkonen, O. A. M. Saarimaki, R. Sadek, S. Sadhu, S. Sadovsky, K. Šafařík, S. K. Saha, B. Sahoo, P. Sahoo, R. Sahoo, S. Sahoo, P. K. Sahu, J. Saini, S. Sakai, S. Sambyal, V. Samsonov, D. Sarkar, N. Sarkar, P. Sarma, V. M. Sarti, M. H. P. Sas, E. Scapparone, J. Schambach, H. S. Scheid, C. Schiaua, R. Schicker, A. Schmah, C. Schmidt, H. R. Schmidt, M. O. Schmidt, M. Schmidt, N. V. Schmidt, A. R. Schmier, J. Schukraft, Y. Schutz, K. Schwarz, K. Schweda, G. Scioli, E. Scomparin, J. E. Seger, Y. Sekiguchi, D. Sekihata, I. Selyuzhenkov, S. Senyukov, D. Serebryakov, A. Sevcenco, A. Shabanov, A. Shabetai, R. Shahoyan, W. Shaikh, A. Shangaraev, A. Sharma, A. Sharma, H. Sharma, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, S. Sharma, O. Sheibani, K. Shigaki, M. Shimomura, S. Shirinkin, Q. Shou, Y. Sibiriak, S. Siddhanta, T. Siemiarczuk, D. Silvermyr, G. Simatovic, G. Simonetti, B. Singh, R. Singh, R. Singh, R. Singh, V. K. Singh, V. Singhal, T. Sinha, B. Sitar, M. Sitta, T. B. Skaali, M. Slupecki, N. Smirnov, R. J. M. Snellings, C. Soncco, J. Song, A. Songmoolnak, F. Soramel, S. Sorensen, I. Sputowska, J. Stachel, I. Stan, P. J. Steffanic, E. Stenlund, S. F. Stiefelmaier, D. Stocco, M. M. Storetvedt, L. D. Stritto, A. A. P. Suaide, T. Sugitate, C. Suire, M. Suleymanov, M. Suljic, R. Sultanov, M. Šumbera, V. Sumberia, S. Sumowidagdo, S. Swain, A. Szabo, I. Szarka, U. Tabassam, S. F. Taghavi, G. Taillepied, J. Takahashi, G. J. Tambave, S. Tang, M. Tarhini, M. G. Tarzila, A. Tauro, G. Tejeda Muñoz, A. Telesca, L. Terlizzi, C. Terrevoli, D. Thakur, S. Thakur, D. Thomas, F. Thoresen, R. Tieulent, A. Tikhonov, A. R. Timmins, A. Toia, N. Topilskaya, M. Toppi, F. Torales-Acosta, S. R. Torres, A. Trifiró, S. Tripathy, T. Tripathy, S. Trogolo, G. Trombetta, L. Tropp, V. Trubnikov, W. H. Trzaska, T. P. Trzcinski, B. A. Trzeciak, A. Tumkin, R. Turrisi, T. S. Tveter, K. Ullaland, E. N. Umaka, A. Uras, G. L. Usai, M. Vala, N. Valle, S. Vallero, N. van der Kolk, L. V. R. van Doremalen, M. van Leeuwen, P. Vande Vyvre, D. Varga, Z. Varga, M. Varga-Kofarago, A. Vargas, M. Vasileiou, A. Vasiliev, O. Vázquez Doce, V. Vechernin, E. Vercellin, S. Vergara Limón, L. Vermunt, R. Vernet, R. Vértesi, L. Vickovic, Z. Vilakazi, O. Villalobos Baillie, G. Vino, A. Vinogradov, T. Virgili, V. Vislavicius, A. Vodopyanov, B. Volkel, M. A. Völkl, K. Voloshin, S. A. Voloshin, G. Volpe, B. von Haller, I. Vorobyev, D. Voscek, J. Vrláková, B. Wagner, M. Weber, S. G. Weber, A. Wegrzynek, S. C. Wenzel, J. P. Wessels, J. Wiechula, J. Wikne, G. Wilk, J. Wilkinson, G. A. Willems, E. Willsher, B. Windelband, M. Winn, W. E. Witt, J. R. Wright, Y. Wu, R. Xu, S. Yalcin, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Yamakawa, S. Yang, S. Yano, Z. Yin, H. Yokoyama, I.-K. Yoo, J. H. Yoon, S. Yuan, A. Yuncu, V. Yurchenko, V. Zaccolo, A. Zaman, C. Zampolli, H. J. C. Zanoli, N. Zardoshti, A. Zarochentsev, P. Závada, N. Zaviyalov, H. Zbroszczyk, M. Zhalov, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhang, V. Zherebchevskii, Y. Zhi, D. Zhou, Y. Zhou, Z. Zhou, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu, A. Zichichi, G. Zinovjev & N. Zurlo, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Sub Subatomic Physics (SAP), Afd Subatomic Physics (SAP), Sub Algemeen Physics Education, and Subatomic Physics

Subjects
EXCHANGE-POTENTIAL APPROACH, Strange quark, ALICE Collaboration, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, Strong interaction, hadron collisions, Position and momentum space, hiukkasfysiikka, nucl-ex, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, VDP::Fysikk: 430, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), scattering [hadron], p p scattering, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], scattering [p p], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Experimental nuclear physics, NUCLEON, Nuclear Experiment, VDP::Physics: 430, Physics, Multidisciplinary, Large Hadron Collider, strong interaction, lattice [space-time], Publisher Correction, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika, BARYON-BARYON SCATTERING, CERN LHC Coll, LHC, ddc:500, Nucleon, Particle Physics - Experiment, discrete [space-time], Quark, Particle physics, CERN Lab, General Science & Technology, FOS: Physical sciences, short-range, Hadron, strong interaction, LHC, 114 Physical sciences, Fysikk: 430 [VDP], Article, hadron scattering, quark, ultrarelativistic proton–proton collisions, LHC, ALICE, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, General, 010306 general physics, Physics: 430 [VDP], interaction [hadron hadron], hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, effect [strong interaction], hadron-hadron interaction, strong interaction: effect, space-time: discrete, space-time: lattice, correlation, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics, Baryon, Hypernuclei, Neutron Stars, Strangeness, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, hadron, Experimental particle physics
Abstract

One of the key challenges for nuclear physics today is to understand from first principles the effective interaction between hadrons with different quark content. First successes have been achieved using techniques that solve the dynamics of quarks and gluons on discrete space-time lattices1,2. Experimentally, the dynamics of the strong interaction have been studied by scattering hadrons off each other. Such scattering experiments are difficult or impossible for unstable hadrons3–6 and so high-quality measurements exist only for hadrons containing up and down quarks7. Here we demonstrate that measuring correlations in the momentum space between hadron pairs8–12 produced in ultrarelativistic proton–proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) provides a precise method with which to obtain the missing information on the interaction dynamics between any pair of unstable hadrons. Specifically, we discuss the case of the interaction of baryons containing strange quarks (hyperons). We demonstrate how, using precision measurements of proton–omega baryon correlations, the effect of the strong interaction for this hadron–hadron pair can be studied with precision similar to, and compared with, predictions from lattice calculations13,14. The large number of hyperons identified in proton–proton collisions at the LHC, together with accurate modelling15 of the small (approximately one femtometre) inter-particle distance and exact predictions for the correlation functions, enables a detailed determination of the short-range part of the nucleon-hyperon interaction., Correlations in momentum space between hadrons created by ultrarelativistic proton–proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider provide insights into the strong interaction, particularly the short-range dynamics of hyperons—baryons that contain strange quarks.

Published
2020

79. Caesarean section scar: Histological analysis on hysterectomy specimen. A pilot study.

Author

Maudot C, Debras E, Laurent-Bellue A, Dupeux M, Chartier S, Prevost S, Beaucoté V, Chavatte-Palmer P, and Goussault Capmas P

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, caesarean section (CS) rate has risen worldwide. Complications associated with CS scars have risen too, such as scar dehiscences and uterine ruptures. Uterine healing is a complex phenomenon still poorly understood. The aim of this study is to carry out a comparative histological analysis of healthy and scarred uterus., Material and Methods: Women who underwent hysterectomy for benign pathology were included prospectively and divided into two groups: previous CS (group 1) versus control (group 2). Hysterectomy specimen were analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically., Results: Sixty women were included: 30 women per group. In group 1, only 19 women could be analyzed. Median total thickness at the thinnest site of the scar is significantly thinner (4.34 mm; IQR [2.76-9.45]) than that of adjacent healthy isthmus (12.70 mm; IQR [10.45-14.95]) (p < 0.001). It is also thinner than in group 2 (13.45 mm; IQR [11.03-16.90]) (p < 0.001). Median myometrial thickness within the scar in group 1 was also thinner (1.14 mm; IQR [0.30-2.69]) than that of the adjacent healthy isthmus (8.90 mm; IQR [8.18-10.08]) (p < 0.001) and that in group 2 (10.00 mm; IQR [8.38-13.35]) (p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in fibrosis in the scar (55.01 %; IQR [35.71-63.46]) compared with adjacent tissue (17.41 %; IQR [15.08-24.78]) (p < 0.001) and with healthy uterus (33.91 %; IQR [18.93-46.53]) (p = 0.006)., Conclusion: In uterus with previous CS scar, total thickness of the wall and thickness of the myometrium are reduced and proportion of fibrosis is significantly increased. This study shows that the thickness of the wall remains reduced in scarred uterus, even very long after CS. Further studies are currently in progress to understand its pathophysiology within the uterus using animal models., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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80. Increased incidence of seronegative autoimmune hepatitis in children during SARS-CoV-2 pandemia period.

Author

Schmutz M, Chartier S, Leblanc T, Mussini C, Gardin A, Gonzales E, Roque-Afonso AM, Le Cam S, Hery G, Neven B, Charbel R, Vartanian JP, Jacquemin E, Morelle G, and Almes M

Subjects
Humans, Child, Female, Male, Retrospective Studies, Incidence, Child, Preschool, Adolescent, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Immunosuppressive Agents adverse effects, Infant, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 epidemiology, Hepatitis, Autoimmune immunology, Hepatitis, Autoimmune epidemiology, Hepatitis, Autoimmune blood, SARS-CoV-2 immunology
Abstract

Background: Seronegative autoimmune hepatitis in children is a rare but potentially severe disease, sometimes requiring liver transplantation. This type of hepatitis may be associated with various immunological and hematological disorders, ranging from isolated lymphopenia to aplastic anemia. Precise pathophysiological mechanisms are still unknown, but the role of viruses cannot be excluded, either as directly pathogenic or as triggers, responsible for an inappropriate immune stimulation. Having the impression of an increasing number of seronegative autoimmune hepatitis since the beginning of SARS-CoV-2 pandemia period, we hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 virus could be an infectious trigger., Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational, descriptive study about children with seronegative autoimmune hepatitis, in a tertiary care center, between 2010 and 2022., Results: Thirty-two patients were included. The overall incidence of seronegative autoimmune hepatitis increased 3.3-fold in 2020-2022, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemia period (16 patients in 2.8 years) compared with 2010-2019 the pre pandemia period (16 patients in 9 years). Patients' clinical and biochemical liver characteristics did not differ between the two periods. Hematological damages were less severe during the pandemia period. Immunological studies revealed a dysregulated immune response. The initiation of immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids ± cyclosporine) was earlier during the pandemia period than before., Conclusion: In cases of undetermined acute hepatitis, an immune-mediated origin should be considered, prompting a liver biopsy. If the histological aspect points to an immune origin, immunosuppressive treatment should be instituted even though autoimmune hepatitis antibodies are negative. Close hematological monitoring must be performed in all cases. The 3.3-fold increase of cases during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemia will need to be further analyzed to better understand the underlying immunological mechanisms, and to prove its potential involvement., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Schmutz, Chartier, Leblanc, Mussini, Gardin, Gonzales, Roque-Afonso, Le Cam, Hery, Neven, Charbel, Vartanian, Jacquemin, Morelle and Almes.)

Published
2024
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81. Dynamic multilayer growth: Parallel vs. sequential approaches.

Author

Ross M, Berberian N, Nikolla A, and Chartier S

Subjects
Humans, Algorithms, Neural Networks, Computer
Abstract

The decision of when to add a new hidden unit or layer is a fundamental challenge for constructive algorithms. It becomes even more complex in the context of multiple hidden layers. Growing both network width and depth offers a robust framework for leveraging the ability to capture more information from the data and model more complex representations. In the context of multiple hidden layers, should growing units occur sequentially with hidden units only being grown in one layer at a time or in parallel with hidden units growing across multiple layers simultaneously? The effects of growing sequentially or in parallel are investigated using a population dynamics-inspired growing algorithm in a multilayer context. A modified version of the constructive growing algorithm capable of growing in parallel is presented. Sequential and parallel growth methodologies are compared in a three-hidden layer multilayer perceptron on several benchmark classification tasks. Several variants of these approaches are developed for a more in-depth comparison based on the type of hidden layer initialization and the weight update methods employed. Comparisons are then made to another sequential growing approach, Dynamic Node Creation. Growing hidden layers in parallel resulted in comparable or higher performances than sequential approaches. Growing hidden layers in parallel promotes growing narrower deep architectures tailored to the task. Dynamic growth inspired by population dynamics offers the potential to grow the width and depth of deeper neural networks in either a sequential or parallel fashion., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Ross et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2024
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82. A multilayered bidirectional associative memory model for learning nonlinear tasks.

Author

Rolon-Mérette D, Rolon-Mérette T, and Chartier S

Subjects
Learning, Mental Recall, Algorithms, Neural Networks, Computer
Abstract

A multilayered bidirectional associative memory neural network is proposed to account for learning nonlinear types of association. The model (denoted as the MF-BAM) is composed of two modules, the Multi-Feature extracting bidirectional associative memory (MF), which contains various unsupervised network layers, and a modified Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM), which consists of a single supervised network layer. The MF generates successive feature patterns from the original inputs. These patterns change the relationship between the inputs and targets in a way that the BAM can learn. The model was tested on different nonlinear tasks, such as the N-bit, Double Moon and its variants, and the 3-class spiral task. Behaviors were reported through learning errors, decision zones, and recall performances. Results showed that it was possible to learn all tasks consistently. By manipulating the number of units per layer and the number of unsupervised network layers in the MF, it was possible to change the level of nonlinearity observed in the decision boundaries. Furthermore, results indicated that different behaviors were achieved from the same set of inputs by using the different generated patterns. These findings are significant as they showed how a BAM-inspired model could solve nonlinear tasks in a more cognitively plausible fashion., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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83. MR Virtual Biopsy of Solid Renal Masses: An Algorithmic Approach.

Author

Chartier S and Arif-Tiwari H

Abstract

Between 1983 and 2002, the incidence of solid renal tumors increased from 7.1 to 10.8 cases per 100,000. This is in large part due to the increase in the volume of ultrasound and cross-sectional imaging, although a majority of solid renal tumors are still found incidentally. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) have been the mainstay of renal mass screening and diagnosis but recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) technology have made this the optimal choice when diagnosing and staging renal tumors. Our purpose in writing this review is to survey the modern MR imaging approach to benign and malignant solid renal tumors, consolidate the various imaging findings into an easy-to-read reference, and provide an imaging-based, algorithmic approach to renal mass characterization for clinicians. MR is at the forefront of renal mass characterization, surpassing ultrasound and CT in its ability to describe multiple tissue parameters and predict tumor biology. Cutting-edge MR protocols and the integration of diagnostic algorithms can improve patient outcomes, allowing the imager to narrow the differential and better guide oncologic and surgical management.

Published
2023
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84. TROP2, androgen receptor, and PD-L1 status in histological subtypes of high-grade metaplastic breast carcinomas.

Author

Chartier S, Brochard C, Martinat C, Coussy F, Feron JG, Kirova Y, Cottu P, Marchiò C, and Vincent-Salomon A

Subjects
Humans, Middle Aged, Female, B7-H1 Antigen therapeutic use, Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism, Retrospective Studies, Receptors, Androgen, Receptor, ErbB-2 metabolism, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Abstract

Aims: High-grade metaplastic breast carcinoma (HG-MBC) is a rare subtype of invasive breast carcinoma, mostly triple-negative. Metaplastic carcinomas are less responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and are associated with a worse outcome than invasive carcinomas of no special type., Methods: Clinicopathological characteristics and immunophenotype were retrospectively assessed in a series of 65 patients diagnosed with HG-MBC between 2005 and 2017 at the Curie Institute (antibody panel: oestrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], androgen receptor [AR], human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2], programmed death ligand-1 [PD-L1], and trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 [TROP2])., Results: The median age at diagnosis was 59.5 years. Six (9%) patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Among the nonmetastatic patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy, 26% (5/19) achieved pathological complete response. Most tumours were pT1/pT2 (77%) and 12% were pN+. Histological subtypes (mixed, squamous, mesenchymal, and spindle cell) were 40%, 35.5%, 15.5%, and 9%, respectively. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes were low or moderate except when squamous differentiation was present. Most tumours were triple-negative (92%). AR and TROP2 were positive in 34% and 85% of the cases, respectively. PD-L1 was positive in tumour cells in 18% (cutoff: 1% of positive tumour cells) of the cases and in tumour-infiltrating immune cells in 40% (cutoff: 1% of tumour area) of the cases. Notably, spindle cell and mesenchymal metaplastic breast carcinomas were mostly PDL1-negative. Lastly, 21 (32.3%) cases were HER2-low, all being HER2 1+, with no HER2 2+., Conclusion: Metaplastic breast carcinoma could benefit from tailored therapeutic strategies adapted to the phenotypic specificities of histological subtypes., (© 2022 The Authors. Histopathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2023
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85. White small bowel in a patient with chronic diarrhoea.

Author

Houdeville C, Chartier S, Delaye M, Fabiani B, Stocker N, and Dray X

Subjects
Humans, Intestine, Small diagnostic imaging, Chronic Disease, Diarrhea etiology, Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Abstract

Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.

Published
2023
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86. Cytomegalovirus lymphadenitis mimicking a relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Author

Delaye M, Ricard L, Maisonobe L, Chartier S, and Coppo P

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is frequent after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), but generalized CMV lymphadenitis is rare. We report a CMV lymphadenitis after an ASCT mimicking a relapse of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. After histopathological documentation, CMV lymphadenitis should be treated to avoid systemic progression., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2022 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2022
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87. Nestin as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma.

Author

Calderaro J, Di Tommaso L, Maillé P, Beaufrère A, Nguyen CT, Heij L, Gnemmi V, Graham RP, Charlotte F, Chartier S, Wendum D, Vij M, Allende D, Diaz A, Fuster C, Rivière B, Herrero A, Augustin J, Evert K, Calvisi DF, Leow WQ, Leung HHW, Bednarsch J, Boleslawski E, Rela M, Chan AW, Forner A, Reig M, Pujals A, Favre L, Allaire M, Scatton O, Uguen A, Trépo E, Sanchez LO, Chatelain D, Remmelink M, Boulagnon-Rombi C, Bazille C, Sturm N, Menahem B, Frouin E, Tougeron D, Tournigand C, Kempf E, Kim H, Ningarhari M, Michalak-Provost S, Kather JN, Gouw ASH, Gopal P, Brustia R, Vibert E, Schulze K, Rüther DF, Weidemann SA, Rhaiem R, Nault JC, Laurent A, Amaddeo G, Regnault H, de Martin E, Sempoux C, Navale P, Shinde J, Bacchuwar K, Westerhoff M, Lo RC, Sebbagh M, Guettier C, Lequoy M, Komuta M, Ziol M, Paradis V, Shen J, and Caruso S

Subjects
Humans, Nestin, Prognosis, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnosis, Liver Neoplasms diagnosis, Cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis, Bile Duct Neoplasms diagnosis
Abstract

Background & Aims: Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare primary liver cancer (PLC) associated with a poor prognosis. Given the challenges in its identification and its clinical implications, biomarkers are critically needed. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of the immunohistochemical expression of Nestin, a progenitor cell marker, in a large multicentric series of PLCs., Methods: We collected 461 cHCC-CCA samples from 32 different clinical centers. Control cases included 368 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and 221 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (iCCAs). Nestin immunohistochemistry was performed on whole tumor sections. Diagnostic and prognostic performances of Nestin expression were determined using receiver-operating characteristic curves and Cox regression modeling., Results: Nestin was able to distinguish cHCC-CCA from HCC with AUCs of 0.85 and 0.86 on surgical and biopsy samples, respectively. Performance was lower for the distinction of cHCC-CCA from iCCA (AUCs of 0.59 and 0.60). Nestin, however, showed a high prognostic value, allowing identification of the subset of cHCC-CCA ("Nestin High", >30% neoplastic cells with positive staining) associated with the worst clinical outcome (shorter disease-free and overall survival) after surgical resection and liver transplantation, as well as when assessment was performed on biopsies., Conclusion: We show in different clinical settings that Nestin has diagnostic value and that it is a useful biomarker to identify the subset of cHCC-CCA associated with the worst clinical outcome. Nestin immunohistochemistry may be used to refine risk stratification and improve treatment allocation for patients with this highly aggressive malignancy., Lay Summary: There are different types of primary liver cancers (i.e. cancers that originate in the liver). Accurately identifying a specific subtype of primary liver cancer (and determining its associated prognosis) is important as it can have a major impact on treatment allocation. Herein, we show that a protein called Nestin could be used to refine risk stratification and improve treatment allocation for patients with combined hepatocellular carcinoma, a rare but highly aggressive subtype of primary liver cancer., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest JC consults for Crosscope, KB is Crosscope Chief Technology Officer, JS is Crosscope Chief Executive Officer. Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details., (Copyright © 2022 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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88. Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis Due to Co-infection with Mucormycosis and Exserohilum rostratum in a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Author

Radici V, Brissot E, Chartier S, Guitard J, Fabiani B, Memoli M, Banet A, Heuberger L, Lapusan S, Atallah S, Legrand O, and Genthon A

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections remain an important cause of complication and morbidity in the management of acute leukemias. Here we report the case of a 27-year-old patient from French Polynesia who was diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome-negative B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. After induction chemotherapy, she developed rhinosinusitis with extensive bone lysis. The context and clinical presentation quickly made us suspect an invasive mucormycosis infection. However, a multidisciplinary investigation including mass spectrometry techniques also revealed the presence of Exserohilum rostratum , a pathogen member of the genus Exserohilum that is ubiquitous in tropical and subtropical regions but rarely implicated in invasive sinusitis. Antifungal treatment combined with an early surgical approach resulted in a favorable clinical response., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.)

Published
2022
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89. A prospective, multicenter, open-label, single-arm clinical trial design to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 90 Y resin microspheres for the treatment of unresectable HCC: the DOORwaY90 (Duration Of Objective Response with arterial Ytrrium-90) study.

Author

Mahvash A, Chartier S, Turco M, Habib P, Griffith S, Brown S, and Kappadath SC

Subjects
Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Microspheres, Prospective Studies, Quality of Life, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular pathology, Liver Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

Background: Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) with yttrium-90 ( 90 Y) resin microspheres is an established locoregional treatment option for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which delivers a lethal dose of radiation to hepatic tumors, while sparing surrounding healthy tissue. DOORwaY90 is a prospective, multicenter, open-label, single arm study, designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of 90 Y resin microspheres as first-line treatment in patients with unresectable/unablatable HCC. It is unique in that it is the first study with resin microspheres to utilize a personalized 90 Y dosimetry approach, and independent review for treatment planning and response assessment., Methods: Eligibility criteria include unresectable/unablatable HCC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A, B1, B2, or C with a maximal single tumor diameter of ≤ 8 cm, and a sum of maximal tumor diameters of ≤ 12 cm, and at least one tumor ≥ 2 cm (long axis) per localized, modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Partition model dosimetry is used to determine the optimal dose; the target mean dose to tumor is ≥ 150 Gy. Patients are assessed at baseline and at regular intervals up until 12 months of treatment for response rates, safety, and quality of life (QoL). Post-treatment dosimetry is used to assess dose delivered to tumor and consider if retreatment is necessary. The co-primary endpoints are best objective response rate and duration of response. Secondary endpoints include grade ≥ 3 toxicity, QoL, and incidence of liver resection and transplantation post SIRT. Target recruitment is 100 patients., Discussion: The results of this trial should provide further information on the potential use of SIRT with 90 Y resin microspheres as first-line therapy for unresectable HCC., Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT04736121; date of 1st registration, January 27, 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04736121 ., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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90. Sexual behavior, clinical outcomes and attendance of cervical cancer screening by HPV vaccinated and unvaccinated sexually active women.

Author

Sauvageau C, Gilca V, Ouakki M, Kiely M, Coutlée F, Mathieu-Chartier S, Defay F, and Lambert G

Subjects
Early Detection of Cancer, Female, Humans, Sexual Behavior, Vaccination, Papillomavirus Infections diagnosis, Papillomavirus Infections prevention & control, Papillomavirus Vaccines, Sexually Transmitted Diseases diagnosis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases prevention & control, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms prevention & control
Abstract

Concerns were raised about HPV vaccination possibly leading to riskier sexual behavior. We assessed sexual behaviors, risk of sexually transmitted infection, and attendance to cervical cancer screening by HPV vaccinated and unvaccinated young women. In this analysis, 1475 questionnaires completed by women aged 17-29 years were included. The majority of respondents (67.9%) were vaccinated against HPV. The proportion of those vaccinated decreased with age: from 93.2% in those aged 17-19 to 72.9% in those aged 20-22, and 21.8% in 23-29-year olds. A higher proportion of unvaccinated respondents had at least one sexual intercourse under the age of 15 when compared to those vaccinated (30% vs. 23%, p < .0001). The number of sexual partners during the last 12 months was similar between vaccinated and unvaccinated participants. Vaccinated participants reported more condom use (45% versus 38%; p = .0002), and less sexually transmitted infections (10% versus 28%; p < .0001), and less anogenital condylomas (2.2% vs. 11.6%; p < .0001). A screening test has been reported by 51% and 77% of vaccinated and unvaccinated participants, respectively ( p < .0001). The association between vaccination status and cervical cancer screening disappeared when adjusting for participants' age. The study results consolidate the existing body of data regarding the absence of an impact of HPV vaccination on sexual behavior or use of contraceptives.

Published
2021
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91. Prenatal-onset of congenital neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis with a novel CTSD mutation.

Author

Chartier S, Boutaud L, Le Guillou E, Alby C, Billon C, Millischer AE, Caillaud C, Galmiche L, Mechler C, Sonigo P, Boddaert N, Lyonnet S, Rondeau S, Bole-Feysot C, Masson C, Ville Y, Roth P, Desguerre I, Encha-Razavi F, and Attie-Bitach T

Subjects
Brain metabolism, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Mutation genetics, Pregnancy, Cathepsin D genetics, Microcephaly genetics, Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses genetics
Abstract

Background: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) form a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders that share common neuropathological features. Although they are the first cause of neurodegenerative disorders in children, their congenital forms are rarely documented. They are classically due to mutations in the CTSD gene (the CLN10 disease). Affected newborns usually present severe microcephaly, seizures and respiratory failure leading to death within the first postnatal days or weeks., Cases: We report on two siblings, in which exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous CTSD variant. The first sib presented at birth with seizures, rapidly progressive postnatal microcephaly and visual deficiency related to retinal dysfunction. Progressive neurological deterioration leads to death at the age of 24 months. Cathepsin D activity was reduced in the cultured fibroblasts of this patient. The second sib, a fetus of 36 weeks of gestation, was delivered after pregnancy termination for brain abnormalities (in accordance with French Legislation) suggesting a recurrence of the disease. Fetal postmortem examination disclosed neuropathological features consistent with NCL., Conclusions: Congenital NCL related to CTSD mutations is a neuronal storage disorder that produces in the developing brain diffuse neurodegeneration and white matter atrophy resulting in a progressive and rapidly lethal microcephaly., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Published
2021
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92. Parental peritraumatic distress and feelings of parental competence in relation to COVID-19 lockdown measures: What is the impact on children's peritraumatic distress?

Author

Chartier S, Delhalle M, Baiverlin A, and Blavier A

Abstract

The objective of this study was to measure, via an online survey, the peritraumatic impact of COVID-19-related lockdown measures on parents and their sense of parental competence, as well as the link with their children's peritraumatic distress. We investigated the links between the distress felt by the parent and the distress felt by the child in the lockdown from March to May 2020. Participants were 287 parents and 161 children. The results of our study indicated that there is a significant association between the parents' and the children's peritraumatic stress. We also found a significant relationship between the sense of parental competence and the trauma suffered as a result of the lockdown. We also showed that people who usually felt more stressed have lower peritraumatic distress. In addition, the data indicated that mothers were more affected than fathers by the lockdown, whereas there was no difference between girls and boys in the sample of children. The peritraumatic feelings appeared to be more related to the difficulty of combining teleworking with the daily management of children than to the fear of the virus itself. All these results bear witness to the differences in the experience of lockdown between mothers and fathers, and the impact on their children's well-being., (© 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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93. Pinpointing cysteine oxidation sites by high-resolution proteomics reveals a mechanism of redox-dependent inhibition of human STING.

Author

Zamorano Cuervo N, Fortin A, Caron E, Chartier S, and Grandvaux N

Subjects
Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Proteome genetics, Proteome metabolism, Cysteine metabolism, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Proteomics
Abstract

Protein function is regulated by posttranslational modifications (PTMs), among which reversible oxidation of cysteine residues has emerged as a key regulatory mechanism of cellular responses. Given the redox regulation of virus-host interactions, the identification of oxidized cysteine sites in cells is essential to understand the underlying mechanisms involved. Here, we present a proteome-wide identification of reversibly oxidized cysteine sites in oxidant-treated cells using a maleimide-based bioswitch method coupled to mass spectrometry analysis. We identified 2720 unique oxidized cysteine sites within 1473 proteins with distinct abundances, locations, and functions. Oxidized cysteine sites were found in numerous signaling pathways, many relevant to virus-host interactions. We focused on the oxidation of STING, the central adaptor of the innate immune type I interferon pathway, which is stimulated in response to the detection of cytosolic DNA by cGAS. We demonstrated the reversible oxidation of Cys 148 and Cys 206 of STING in cells. Molecular analyses led us to establish a model in which Cys 148 oxidation is constitutive, whereas Cys 206 oxidation is inducible by oxidative stress or by the natural ligand of STING, 2'3'-cGAMP. Our data suggest that the oxidation of Cys 206 prevented hyperactivation of STING by causing a conformational change associated with the formation of inactive polymers containing intermolecular disulfide bonds. This finding should aid the design of therapies targeting STING that are relevant to autoinflammatory disorders, immunotherapies, and vaccines., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)

Published
2021
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94. Comparison of magnetic resonance defecography grading with POP-Q staging and Baden-Walker grading in the evaluation of female pelvic organ prolapse.

Author

Pollock GR, Twiss CO, Chartier S, Vedantham S, Funk J, and Arif Tiwari H

Subjects
Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Retrospective Studies, Defecography, Pelvic Organ Prolapse diagnostic imaging
Abstract

Purpose: The physical examination and pelvic imaging with MRI are often used in the pre-operative evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse. The objective of this study was to compare grading of prolapse on defecography phase of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) with physical examination (PE) grading using both the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) staging and Baden-Walker (BW) grading systems in the evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse (POP)., Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 170 patients who underwent dMRI at our institution. BW grading and POP-Q staging were collected for anterior, apical, and posterior compartments, along with absolute dMRI values and overall grading of dMRI. For the overall grading/staging from dMRI, BW, and POP-Q, Spearman rho (ρ) was used to assess the correlation. The correlations between dMRI grading and POP-Q staging were compared to the correlations between dMRI grading and BW grading using Fisher's Z transformation., Results: A total of 54 patients were included. dMRI grading was not significantly correlated with BW grading for anterior, apical, and posterior compartment prolapse (p > 0.15). However, overall dMRI grading demonstrated a significant (p = 0.025) and positive correlation (ρ = 0.305) with the POP-Q staging system. dMRI grading for anterior compartment prolapse also demonstrated a positive correlation (p = 0.001, ρ = 0.436) with the POP-Q staging derived from measurement locations Aa and Ba. The overall dMRI grade is better correlated with POP-Q stage than with BW grade (p = 0.024)., Conclusion: Overall and anterior compartment grading from dMRI demonstrated a significant and positive correlation with the overall POP-Q staging and anterior compartment POP-Q staging, respectively. The overall dMRI grade is better correlated with POP-Q staging than with BW grading.

Published
2021
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95. Embodied working memory during ongoing input streams.

Author

Berberian N, Ross M, and Chartier S

Subjects
Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons physiology, Robotics, Memory, Short-Term, Models, Neurological
Abstract

Sensory stimuli endow animals with the ability to generate an internal representation. This representation can be maintained for a certain duration in the absence of previously elicited inputs. The reliance on an internal representation rather than purely on the basis of external stimuli is a hallmark feature of higher-order functions such as working memory. Patterns of neural activity produced in response to sensory inputs can continue long after the disappearance of previous inputs. Experimental and theoretical studies have largely invested in understanding how animals faithfully maintain sensory representations during ongoing reverberations of neural activity. However, these studies have focused on preassigned protocols of stimulus presentation, leaving out by default the possibility of exploring how the content of working memory interacts with ongoing input streams. Here, we study working memory using a network of spiking neurons with dynamic synapses subject to short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity. The formal model is embodied in a physical robot as a companion approach under which neuronal activity is directly linked to motor output. The artificial agent is used as a methodological tool for studying the formation of working memory capacity. To this end, we devise a keyboard listening framework to delineate the context under which working memory content is (1) refined, (2) overwritten or (3) resisted by ongoing new input streams. Ultimately, this study takes a neurorobotic perspective to resurface the long-standing implication of working memory in flexible cognition., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2021
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96. Multifocal cocaine-induced pyoderma gangrenosum: A report of two cases and review of literature.

Author

Lemieux A, Ran Cai Z, Belisle A, Chartier S, and Bolduc C

Abstract

Pyoderma gangrenosum is often associated with a systemic disease. Cocaine-induced pyoderma gangrenosum, most probably caused by levamisole, has been described recently and typically presents as multiple, large cribriform ulcers. Peri-nuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody is the most common serological finding. A strong counseling for cocaine cessation, combined with wound care and immunosuppressive therapy, is the mainstay of treatment. We present two cases of cocaine-induced pyoderma gangrenosum and correlate their findings with the typical clinical, histological and serological presentation., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2020.)

Published
2020
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97. Prenatal diagnosis of cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome: Report of three fetuses and review of the literature.

Author

Le Van Quyen P, Calmels N, Bonnière M, Chartier S, Razavi F, Chelly J, El Chehadeh S, Baer S, Boutaud L, Bacrot S, Obringer C, Favre R, Attié-Bitach T, Laugel V, and Antal MC

Subjects
Abnormalities, Multiple diagnosis, Abnormalities, Multiple genetics, Abnormalities, Multiple pathology, Cataract diagnosis, Cataract pathology, Cockayne Syndrome diagnosis, Cockayne Syndrome epidemiology, Cockayne Syndrome pathology, Female, Fetus pathology, Humans, Male, Microcephaly diagnosis, Microcephaly genetics, Microcephaly pathology, Neurodegenerative Diseases diagnosis, Neurodegenerative Diseases epidemiology, Neurodegenerative Diseases pathology, Pregnancy, Cockayne Syndrome genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Endonucleases genetics, Neurodegenerative Diseases genetics, Nuclear Proteins genetics, Prenatal Diagnosis, Transcription Factors genetics
Abstract

Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome (COFS) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease belonging to the family of DNA repair disorders, characterized by microcephaly, congenital cataracts, facial dysmorphism and arthrogryposis. Here, we describe the detailed morphological and microscopic phenotype of three fetuses from two families harboring ERCC5/XPG likely pathogenic variants, and review the five previously reported fetal cases. In addition to the classical features of COFS, the fetuses display thymus hyperplasia, splenomegaly and increased hematopoiesis. Microencephaly is present in the three fetuses with delayed development of the gyri, but normal microscopic anatomy at the supratentorial level. Microscopic anomalies reminiscent of pontocerebellar hypoplasia are present at the infratentorial level. In conclusion, COFS syndrome should be considered in fetuses when intrauterine growth retardation is associated with microcephaly, arthrogryposis and ocular anomalies. Further studies are needed to better understand XPG functions during human development., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2020
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98. Discrimination of Motion Direction in a Robot Using a Phenomenological Model of Synaptic Plasticity.

Author

Berberian N, Ross M, and Chartier S

Subjects
Animals, Evoked Potentials, Visual physiology, Neurons physiology, Orientation physiology, Visual Cortex physiology, Visual Perception physiology, Motion, Motion Perception physiology, Neuronal Plasticity physiology, Robotics
Abstract

Recognizing and tracking the direction of moving stimuli is crucial to the control of much animal behaviour. In this study, we examine whether a bio-inspired model of synaptic plasticity implemented in a robotic agent may allow the discrimination of motion direction of real-world stimuli. Starting with a well-established model of short-term synaptic plasticity (STP), we develop a microcircuit motif of spiking neurons capable of exhibiting preferential and nonpreferential responses to changes in the direction of an orientation stimulus in motion. While the robotic agent processes sensory inputs, the STP mechanism introduces direction-dependent changes in the synaptic connections of the microcircuit, resulting in a population of units that exhibit a typical cortical response property observed in primary visual cortex (V1), namely, direction selectivity. Visually evoked responses from the model are then compared to those observed in multielectrode recordings from V1 in anesthetized macaque monkeys, while sinusoidal gratings are displayed on a screen. Overall, the model highlights the role of STP as a complementary mechanism in explaining the direction selectivity and applies these insights in a physical robot as a method for validating important response characteristics observed in experimental data from V1, namely, direction selectivity.

Published
2019
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99. Spiking Neurons Integrating Visual Stimuli Orientation and Direction Selectivity in a Robotic Context.

Author

Cyr A, Thériault F, Ross M, Berberian N, and Chartier S

Abstract

Visual motion detection is essential for the survival of many species. The phenomenon includes several spatial properties, not fully understood at the level of a neural circuit. This paper proposes a computational model of a visual motion detector that integrates direction and orientation selectivity features. A recent experiment in the Drosophila model highlights that stimulus orientation influences the neural response of direction cells. However, this interaction and the significance at the behavioral level are currently unknown. As such, another objective of this article is to study the effect of merging these two visual processes when contextualized in a neuro-robotic model and an operant conditioning procedure. In this work, the learning task was solved using an artificial spiking neural network, acting as the brain controller for virtual and physical robots, showing a behavior modulation from the integration of both visual processes.

Published
2018
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100. Is Lewy pathology in the human nervous system chiefly an indicator of neuronal protection or of toxicity?

Author

Chartier S and Duyckaerts C

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Lewy Bodies drug effects, Nervous System drug effects, Protein Aggregates drug effects, Lewy Bodies pathology, Nervous System pathology, Neuroprotection drug effects, Neurotoxins toxicity, alpha-Synuclein metabolism
Abstract

Misfolded α-synuclein accumulates in histological inclusions constituting "Lewy pathology" found in idiopathic Parkinson disease, Parkinson disease dementia and dementia with Lewy body. The mechanism inducing α-synuclein misfolding is still unknown. The misfolded molecules form oligomers that organize into fibrils. α-Synuclein fibrils, in vitro, are capable of initiating an auto-replicating process, transforming normal molecules into misfolded molecules that aggregate. Fibrils can cross the neuronal membrane and recruit α-synuclein molecules in connected neurons. Such properties of seeding and propagation, shared with prion proteins, belong to "tissular propagons". Lewy bodies isolate harmful species from the cytoplasm and have been thought to be protective. In PRKN gene mutations, however, the absence of Lewy bodies is not associated with a more aggressive course. In idiopathic Parkinson disease, the proportion of neurons with Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra remains stable despite the progression of neuronal loss. This stable proportion suggests that Lewy bodies are eliminated at the rate at which neurons are lost because Lewy bodies cause, or invariably accompany, neuronal loss. Experimentally, cellular death selectively occurs in inclusion-bearing neurons. This set of data indicates that α-synuclein misfolding is the essential mechanism causing the lesions of Parkinson disease and dementia with Lewy body. Lewy pathology is a direct and visible evidence of α-synuclein misfolding and, as such, is an accurate marker for assessing the presence of α-synuclein misfolding even if the inclusions themselves may not be as directly causative as the molecules they accumulate.

Published
2018
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