Search

Los primeros meses de un directivo público son cruciales para asegurar la continuidad en la implementación de las políticas públicas. En nuestro país, pese a la relevancia estratégica de la inducción en el ciclo de vida de los directivos públicos, esta se suele limitar a un evento puntual de carácter informativo, cuando, en realidad, lo que la evidencia parece recomendar es que deberían emplearse estrategias complementarias de formación y acompañamiento parareforzar en los directivos públicos un sentido de propósito e identificación con los valores de la función pública. El objetivo del presente ensayo es explorar las principales problemáticas relacionadas con los procesos de inducción del segmento directivo. Para ello, se revisan variables asociadas a los limitados procesos de inducción para el acompañamiento efectivo del directivo público en su rol, así como los niveles de integridad pública en cargos directivos, brechas de competencias y conocimientos, y problemas de productividad asociados a una desnaturalización del rol de la dirección pública. A partir de la revisión de dichas problemáticas, se propone una ruta metodológica que busca darle una reorientación conceptual al proceso de inducción a directivos públicos, a fin de que este proceso responda a sus necesidades y expectativas.

VedaWeb is an established research website for the ancient Vedic text Rigveda. It now evolves into an open collaborative platform for researching and sharing Vedic Sanskrit language data in a broader perspective. How will the new platform stimulate collaborative processes among researchers of Vedic Sanskrit and beyond?

The improvement of numerical weather forecasts is a key element to predict high-impact weather events, associated with deep moist convection. The observations that are assimilated into numerical weather prediction systems are conformed by numerous data sets and their impact should be objectively evaluated. This can be efficiently estimated by the Forecast Sensitivity to Observation Impact (FSOI) methodology. In this study, we explore the application of the ensemble formulation of FSOI (EFSOI) in a convective scale regional data assimilation system over Sierras de Córdoba (Argentina), a data-sparse region with complex terrain characterized by the periodic occurrence of extreme precipitation and flash floods events. To evaluate the observation networks that result beneficial and detrimental for the forecast, the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter was used with 40 members. Convective scale analyses were obtained every 5 minutes, assimilating reflectivity data from a C-band radar and conventional and non-conventional surface weather stations (CSWS and NSWS). The experiment was initialized on December 13 at 23 UTC and ran for 5 hours, until December 14 03 UTC. The experiment conducted was a case study within the intensive observing period of the RELAMPAGO-CACTI field campaign that was carried out during the 2018-2019 austral warm season in the center of Argentina. An independent data assimilation cycle using more observations and a different configuration is used in the experiments as verifying truth for the computation of forecast errors in EFSOI.Results showed that all the observation sources had, on average, a positive impact on the 30 minute forecasts with a positive impact rate above 50%. However, when observations impacts are analyzed by geographic location, different results are evidenced. Most of the surface stations that evidence a detrimental impact in forecasts are located in the northern part of the region, probably due to a misrepresentation of the thermodynamic environment. Regarding radar reflectivity observations, values of positive impact rate above 50% dominate over all the region, demonstrating that, in general, they reduce the forecast errors. The results suggest that the observations with values of reflectivity beneath 15 dBZ have a larger amount of beneficial observations in lower levels than in upper levels.This methodology is an approximation to quantify the impact of reflectivity and surface observations on a convective permitting forecast over the region. The results of this (and future) work can help to identify observation data sources detrimental for the data assimilation system, suggesting data selection criteria to assess improvements in this regional convective-scale data assimilation system where nonconventional observations such as radar data plays an essential role.

The early nodulin 93 (ENOD93) gene family in plants can regulate biological nitrogen fixation in legumes and nitrogen use efficiency in cereals but its molecular function is unknown. We show profile hidden Markov models define ENOD93 as a distant homolog of the N-terminal domain of RESPIRATORY SUPERCOMPLEX FACTOR 2 (RCF2). RCF2 is reported to regulate cytochrome oxidase (CIV) influencing the generation of a mitochondria proton motive force in yeast. Knockout ofenod93in Arabidopsis leads to a short root phenotype. ENOD93 is associated with a protein complex the size of CIV in isolated mitochondria but neither CIV abundance nor its activity in ruptured organelles changed inenod93. However, a progressive loss of ADP-dependent respiration rate was observed inenod93mitochondria which could be fully recovered in complemented lines. Mitochondrial membrane potential was higher inenod93but ATP synthesis and ADP depletion rates progressively decreased. Respiration rate of wholeenod93seedlings was elevated and root ADP content was nearly double that in WT without a change in ATP content. These altered energetic states correlated with elevated respiratory substrate levels in roots ofenod93compared to WT and complemented lines. Overexpression of ENOD93 lowered ATP content in roots and increased the abundance of a range of amino acids in both roots and leaves. We propose that two previously unconnected gene families in plants, ENOD93 and HYPOXIA INDUCED GENE DOMAIN, are the functional equivalent of yeast RCF2 but have remained undiscovered in many eukaryotic lineages because they are encoded in two separate genes.Highlight significanceWe identify the enigmatic early nodulin ENOD93 gene family as the plant homolog of the N-terminal regulatory domain of the yeast RESPIRATORY SUPERCOMPLEX 2 (RCF2) of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system and provide biochemical and physiological evidence of its role in plant ATP production, broadly explaining the role of ENOD93 in plants.

A copper-catalyzed borylation of allylic nitroalkanes is reported. The method, which exploits the high versatility of the nitroalkane precursors, tolerates a variety of functional groups and allows a straightforward access to diversely substituted allylboronic esters in high yields. This unprecedented reactivity towards copper complexes has been further exploited in the synthesis of a number of γ fluoroallyl boronic esters starting from readily available α fluoroallyl nitroalkanes, as well as in various post-functionalizations towards synthetically useful building blocks. Both the reaction mechanism and the chemoselectivity have been rationalized experimentally and through DFT calculations.

The Hock rearrangement is an acid catalyzed reaction involving organic hydroperoxides and resulting in an oxidative cleavage of adjacent C–C bonds. It has significant industrial applications, like the production of phenol (cumene process), but it remains scarcely used in organic synthesis. In addition, its detailed mechanism has never been studied. Thus, we report herein a theoretical study of the Hock rearrangement, using InCl3 as a Lewis acid catalyst. The aim of this work was to fully understand the mechanism of this fundamental reaction, and to rationalize the influence of the substrate electronic properties on the reaction outcome. Furthermore, the structure of the active indium(III) catalyst interacting with the per-oxide substrate was investigated, showing the superiority of a coordinated monomeric form of the Lewis acid as the active catalytic species, compared to dimeric species. However, we show that In2Cl6 species coordinated to the substrate are cen-tral in this catalytic cycle, serving as a reservoir of active monomeric species.

Sierras de Córdoba (Argentina) is characterized by the occurrence of extreme precipitation events during the austral warm season. Heavy precipitation in the region has a large societal impact, causing flash floods. This motivates the forecast performance evaluation of 24-hour accumulated precipitation and vertical profiles of atmospheric variables from different numerical weather prediction (NWP) models with the final aim of helping water management in the region. The NWP models evaluated include the Global Forecast System (GFS) which parameterizes convection, and convection-permitting simulations of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) configured by three institutions: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Colorado State University (CSU) and National Meteorological Service of Argentina (SMN). These models were verified with daily accumulated precipitation data from rain gauges and soundings during the RELAMPAGO-CACTI field campaign. Generally all configurations of the higher-resolution WRFs outperformed the lower-resolution GFS based on multiple metrics. Among the convectionpermitting WRF models, results varied with respect to rainfall threshold and forecast lead time, but the WRFUIUC mostly performed the best. However, elevation dependent biases existed among the models that may impact the use of the data for different applications. There is a dry (moist) bias in lower (upper) pressure levels which is most pronounced in the GFS. For Córdoba an overestimation of the northern flow forecasted by the NWP configurations at lower levels was encountered. These results show the importance of convection-permitting forecasts in this region, which should be complementary to the coarser-resolution global model forecasts to help various users and decision makers., Fil: Casaretto, Gimena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. FCEN. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos; Argentina, Fil: Casaretto, Gimena. CONICET; Argentina, Fil: Dillon, Maria Eugenia. CONICET; Argentina, Fil: Salio, Paola. Universidad de Buenos Aires. FCEN. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos; Argentina, Fil: Salio, Paola. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA/CONICET-UBA); Argentina, Fil: Salio, Paola. Instituto Franco-Argentino para el Estudio del Clima y sus Impactos (UMI IFAECI/CNRS-CONICET-UBA); Argentina, Fil: Skaba García, Yanina. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional; Argentina, Fil: Skaba García, Yanina. CONICET; Argentina, Fil: Skaba García, Yanina. Instituto Franco-Argentino para el Estudio del Clima y sus Impactos (UMI IFAECI/CNRS-CONICET-UBA); Argentina, Fil: Nesbitt, Stephen W. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Department of Atmospheric Sciences; Estados Unidos, Fil: Schumacher, Russ S. Colorado State University. Department of Atmospheric Science; Estados Unidos, Fil: García, Carlos Marcelo. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología (IDIT CONICET/UNC); Argentina, Fil: García, Carlos Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina, Fil: Catalini, Carlos. Instituto Nacional del Agua-Subgerencia Centro de la Región Semiárida (INA-CIRSA); Argentina, Fil: Catalini, Carlos. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina

The semi-arid zone of the Mediterranean region is characterized by high spatial diversity of natural resources and its value for agriculture purposes. In Israel, desalination processes and wastewater treatments development allow a significant expansion of irrigated territories and the incorporation of new subtropical crops which demand high amount of irrigation water. This situation requires a suitability assessment of soils that were previously under dryland farming practices. For this purpose, a soil-landscape study was carried out in the Northwestern Negev region, considering environmental factors, aerial photographs of different years, detailed soil maps, morphological descriptions, and chemical data of selected soil profiles. The study revealed 8 soil types typical of the region, which allowed to characterize the soil diversity of the study area and link it to soil properties (14) that limit agricultural uses. The suggested criteria could be considered as a tool for land use planning which seeks to transform marginal lands into suitable lands for intensive agricultural purposes., La zona semiárida de la región mediterránea se caracteriza por una gran diversidad espacial de recursos naturales y su valor para fines agrícolas. En Israel, el desarrollo de procesos de desalinización y tratamiento de aguas residuales permiten la expansión de territorios agrícolas irrigados y la incorporación de nuevos cultivos subtropicales los cuales demandan grandes cantidades de agua de riego. Esta situación requiere una evaluación de la aptitud de suelos usados previamente en actividades agrícolas de secano. Con este propósito, se realizó un estudio de suelo y paisaje en la región del Noroeste del Negev, considerando factores ambientales, fotografías aéreas de diferentes años, mapas de suelo detallados, descripciones morfológicas y datos químicos de perfiles de suelo. El estudio reveló 8 tipos de suelo típicos de la región, lo que permitió caracterizar la diversidad de suelos del área de estudio y vincularla a las propiedades del suelo (14) que limitan su uso agrícola. Los criterios sugeridos podrían ser considerados como una herramienta para la planificación del territorio con fines de transformación de tierras marginales en tierras aptas para la agricultura intensiva.

Cycloaddition of azaoxyallyl cations or other C-(C=O)-N synthon precursors is a well-established route towards lactams and other N-heterocycles but, despite the wide synthetic scope of this approach, enantioselective versions remain scarce. We herein report 5-vinyloxazolidine-2,4-diones (VOxD) as a suitable precursor of chiral palladium-aza-oxyallyl intermediates. In the presence of electrophilic alkenes, (3+2) -lactam cycloadducts could be formed with high level of diastero- and enantioselectivity.

Ugi adducts involving malonic acid monoesters and dialkoxy-substituted aromatic aldehydes can undergo an oxidative dearomatization when treated with Mn(OAc)3 leading to the formation of fused cyclopropanes as observed in the Buchner reaction of diazo compounds.

International audience; The coordinating properties of two families of ylides, namely, phosphonium ylides and iminophosphoranes, differently substituted at the ylidic center (CH2– vs NiPr–), have been investigated in structurally related cationic phosphine-ylide Rh(CO)2 complexes obtained from readily available phosphine-phosphonium salt precursors derived from an ortho-phenylene bridge. However, while the Rh(CO)2 complex bearing the P+–CH2– donor moiety proved to be stable, the P═NiPr donor end appeared to induce lability to one of the CO groups. All of the RhI carbonyl complexes in both ylide series were fully characterized, including through X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on the experimental and calculated infrared (IR) CO stretching frequencies in Rh(CO)2 complexes, we evidenced that the phosphonium ylide ligand is a stronger donor than the iminophosphorane ligand. However, we also found that the difference in the intrinsic electronic properties can be largely compensated by the introduction of an iPr substituent on the N atom of the iminophosphorane, hence pointing to the noninnocent role of the peripheral substituent and opening novel possibilities to tune the properties of metal complexes containing ylide ligands.

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) technology now offers power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 18% and is one of the main emerging photovoltaic technologies. In such devices, titanium dioxide (TiOx) has been vastly used as an electron extraction layer, typically showing unwanted charge-extraction barriers and the need for light-soaking. In the present work, using advanced photoemission spectroscopies, we investigate the electronic interplay at the interface between low-temperature-sputtered TiOx and C70 acceptor fullerene molecules. We show that defect states in the band gap of TiOx are quenched by C70 while an interfacial state appears. This new interfacial state is expected to support the favorable energy band alignment observed, showing a perfect match of transport levels, and thus barrier-free extraction of charges, making low-temperature-sputtered TiOx a good candidate for the next generation of organic solar cells.

La tricomonosis es una enfermedad venérea que afecta a los bovinos, producida por Tritrichomonas foetus. Produce infertilidad en la hembra, mientras que los toros son portadores asintomáticos, siendo los principales responsables de la transmisión... Fil: Casaretto, Clara. Universidad Católica de Salta; Argentina. Fil: Barrios, Pamela. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina. Fil: Cardozo, Silvia Patricia. Universidad Católica de Salta; Argentina. Fil: Burgos Zamudio, María José. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina. Fil: Gorchs, Carolina. Universidad Católica de Salta; Argentina.

Presentamos resultados preliminares del trabajo “Evaluación de calidad seminal en diferentes estaciones del año en llamas (Lama glama)” realizado en cooperación entre la UCASAL, el INTA de Abra Pampa y el laboratorio San Isidro. Objetivo: determinar el tiempo de monta y las características macroscópicas y microscópicas de los eyaculados de llamas en su hábitat natural, puesto que las llamas están localizadas en el INTA de Abra Pampa... Fil: Guijarro Castro, Roberto Adrián. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina. Fil: Martínez Espeche, María Virginia. Universidad Católica de Salta; Argentina. Fil: Tonda, Sebastián Enrique. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina. Fil: Casaretto, Clara. Universidad Católica de Salta; Argentina. Fil: Arzeno, Máximo Tomás. Universidad Católica de Salta; Argentina. Fil: Ávalos, Marcos César. Universidad Católica de Salta; Argentina. Fil: Acuña, Francisco Antonio. Universidad Católica de Salta; Argentina.

Total syntheses of (+)-cinereain and (-)-janoxepin, two fungal cyclotripeptides featuring a complex heterocyclic core and interesting phytotoxic and antimalarial activities, have been achieved in a convergent manner. A key step in this synthesis is a one-pot cascade initiated by the cyclocondensation of two fragments-a hindered 2-vinylcyclopropane-1-acyl fluoride and an electron-deficient cyclic amidine-to release a reactive spiro[2-vinylcyclopropane-1,5'-pyrimidine-4',6'-dione]. This intermediate underwent a spontaneous retro-Claisen rearrangement that was rationalized by DFT calculations. The cascade directly afforded a 2,5-dihydrooxepin-fused heterotricyclic product, and the challenging oxepin ring was finally forged by the palladium-catalyzed β-hydride elimination of an allylic fluoride intermediate.

El déficit hídrico limita la producción y reduce la estabilidad del rendimiento en el cultivo de soja. Muchos parámetros se han asociado a tolerancia al déficit hídrico, siendo el control de la pérdida de agua foliar el más determinante. Dado que la mayor pérdida de agua se da a través de los estomas, el objetivo de la tesis fue profundizar en las respuestas al déficit hídrico en soja a través del control del cierre estomático y determinar cómo este puede afectar el consumo de agua y la tolerancia al déficit hídrico. En este sentido, nos centramos en el óxido nítrico (NO) como molécula clave en el control del movimiento estomático. Se analizó su cinética de acumulación a partir del establecimiento del déficit hídrico, y su asociación con el cierre estomático. Nuestro trabajo mostró una acumulación de NO endógeno en las células guarda previo al cierre estomático, lo cual permite postular que ante la percepción inicial del estrés existe una acumulación de NO que inhibe el cierre estomático potencialmente a través del bloqueo de las respuestas a ABA. Este control fino inicial del cierre estomático por el NO sería determinante para definir las respuestas finales de pérdida/consumo de agua durante el establecimiento del déficit. En esta misma línea de interés, desarrollamos en soja un modelo matemático empírico que describe la cinética del consumo de agua bajo condiciones de déficit hídrico de un sistema controlado de crecimiento planta-maceta-sustrato. El modelo definió dos parámetros que determinan la curva de consumo: el t0.5 (tiempo en el cual el sistema perdió la mitad del agua potencialmente evapotranspirable) y el Gw(t0,5) (conductancia estomática a t0,5). Un análisis de correspondencia entre t0.5 y Gw(t0,5), y la estructura genética de dos poblaciones de soja, indicó la existencia de asociaciones genéticas con fenotipos de consumo basados en estos parámetros. Por otro lado, utilizando datos del índice de susceptibilidad a sequía (DSI) en campo, generados por un trabajo previo sobre una de las poblaciones de esta tesis, y a través de un análisis de correspondencia, se observa un agrupamiento entre el parámetro del modelo t0,5 y DSI. Esto indicaría que la estrategia de fenotipado desarrollada también podría ser de utilidad en la caracterización de genotipos a nivel de campo.