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51. Eccentric Black Hole Mergers in Dense Star Clusters: The Role of Binary-Binary Encounters

Author

Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Carl L. Rodriguez, Michael Zevin, Johan Samsing, and Carl-Johan Haster

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, close [binaries], General relativity, media_common.quotation_subject, black hole physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitation, 0103 physical sciences, Eccentricity (behavior), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, kinematics and dynamics [stars], general [globular clusters], 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Gravitational wave, Astronomy and Astrophysics, numerical [methods], LIGO, Black hole, Star cluster, gravitational waves, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the first systematic study of strong binary-single and binary-binary black hole interactions with the inclusion of general relativity. When including general relativistic effects in strong encounters, dissipation of orbital energy from gravitational waves (GWs) can lead to captures and subsequent inspirals with appreciable eccentricities when entering the sensitive frequency ranges of the LIGO and Virgo GW detectors. In this study, we perform binary-binary and binary-single scattering experiments with general relativistic dynamics up through the 2.5 post-Newtonian order included, both in a controlled setting to gauge the importance of non-dissipative post-Newtonian terms and derive scaling relations for the cross-section of GW captures, as well as experiments tuned to the strong interactions from state-of-the art globular cluster models to assess the relative importance of the binary-binary channel at facilitating GW captures and the resultant eccentricity distributions of inspiral from channel. Although binary-binary interactions are 10-100 times less frequent in globular clusters than binary-single interactions, their longer lifetime and more complex dynamics leads to a higher probability for GW captures to occur during the encounter. We find that binary-binary interactions contribute 25-45% of the eccentric mergers which occur during strong black hole encounters in globular clusters, regardless of the properties of the cluster environment. The inclusion of higher multiplicity encounters in dense star clusters therefore have major implications on the predicted rates of highly eccentric binaries potentially detectable by the LIGO/Virgo network. As gravitational waveforms of eccentric inspirals are distinct from those generated by merging binaries which have circularized, measurements of eccentricity in such systems would highly constrain their formation scenario., Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures. Published in The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2018
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52. Accreting black hole binaries in globular clusters

Author

Sourav Chatterjee, Frederic A. Rasio, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Kyle Kremer

Subjects
Physics, Orbital elements, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, White dwarf, Binary number, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Large range, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Black hole, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), 010306 general physics, education, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

We explore the formation of mass-transferring binary systems containing black holes within globular clusters. We show that it is possible to form mass-transferring black hole binaries with main sequence, giant, and white dwarf companions with a variety of orbital parameters in globular clusters spanning a large range in present-day properties. All mass-transferring black hole binaries found in our models at late times are dynamically created. The black holes in these systems experienced a median of $\sim 30$ dynamical encounters within the cluster before and after acquiring the donor. Furthermore, we show that the presence of mass-transferring black hole systems has little correlation with the total number of black holes within the cluster at any time. This is because the net rate of formation of black hole-non-black hole binaries in a cluster is largely independent of the total number of retained black holes. Our results suggest that the detection of a mass-transferring black hole binary in a globular cluster does not necessarily indicate that the host cluster contains a large black hole population., v2. Manuscript submitted to The Astrophysical Journal. Comments welcome

Published
2017

53. Precessional dynamics of black hole triples: binary mergers with near-zero effective spin

Author

Fabio Antonini, Cristobal Petrovich, Caitlin L. Fischer, and Carl L. Rodriguez

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Angular momentum, Orbital plane, Spins, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LIGO, Black hole, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Binary black hole, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010306 general physics, Spin (physics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

The binary black hole mergers detected by Advanced LIGO/Virgo have shown no evidence of large black hole spins. However, because LIGO/Virgo best measures the effective combination of the two spins along the orbital angular momentum ($\chi_{\rm eff}$), it is difficult to distinguish between binaries with slowly-spinning black holes and binaries with spins lying in the orbital plane. Here, we study the spin dynamics for binaries with a distant black hole companion. For spins initially aligned with the orbital angular momentum of the binary, we find that $\chi_{\rm eff}$ "freezes" near zero as the orbit decays through the emission of gravitational waves. Through a population study, we show that this process predominantly leads to merging black hole binaries with near-zero $\chi_{\rm eff}$. We conclude that if the detected black hole binaries were formed in triples, then this would explain their low $\chi_{\rm eff}$ without the need to invoke near-zero spins or initially large spin-orbit angles., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure. Letter accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2017
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54. Predicting Stellar-Mass Black Hole Populations in Globular Clusters

Author

Carl L. Rodriguez, Sourav Chatterjee, Newlin C. Weatherford, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
Physics, Stellar mass, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Milky Way, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Numerical models, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Giant star, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Black hole, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Mass segregation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

Recent discoveries of black hole (BH) candidates in Galactic and extragalactic globular clusters (GCs) have ignited interest in understanding how BHs dynamically evolve in a GC and the number of BHs ($N_{\rm{BH}}$) that may still be retained by today's GCs. Numerical models show that even if stellar-mass BHs are retained in today's GCs, they are typically in configurations that are not directly detectable. We show that a suitably defined measure of mass segregation ($\Delta$) between, e.g., giants and low-mass main-sequence stars, can be an effective probe to indirectly estimate $N_{\rm{BH}}$ in a GC aided by calibrations from numerical models. Using numerical models including all relevant physics we first show that $N_{\rm{BH}}$ is strongly anticorrelated with $\Delta$ between giant stars and low-mass main-sequence stars. We apply the distributions of $\Delta$ vs $N_{\rm{BH}}$ obtained from models to three Milky Way GCs to predict the $N_{\rm{BH}}$ retained by them at present. We calculate $\Delta$ using the publicly available ACS survey data for 47 Tuc, M 10, and M 22, all with identified stellar-mass BH candidates. Using these measured $\Delta$ and distributions of $\Delta$ vs $N_{\rm{BH}}$ from models as calibration we predict distributions for $N_{\rm{BH}}$ expected to be retained in these GCs. For 47 Tuc, M 10, and M 22 our predicted distributions peak at $N_{\rm{BH}}\approx20$, $24$, and $50$, whereas, within the $2\sigma$ confidence level, $N_{\rm{BH}}$ can be up to $\sim150$, $50$, and $200$, respectively., Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication to ApJ

Published
2017
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55. Measuring the Star Formation Rate with Gravitational Waves from Binary Black Holes

Author

Will M. Farr, Ken K. Y. Ng, Salvatore Vitale, and Carl L. Rodriguez

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Star formation, Gravitational wave, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Gravitational-wave astronomy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Redshift, Galaxy, Luminosity, Stars, Binary black hole, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

A measurement of the history of cosmic star formation is central to understand the origin and evolution of galaxies. The measurement is extremely challenging using electromagnetic radiation: significant modeling is required to convert luminosity to mass, and to properly account for dust attenuation, for example. Here we show how detections of gravitational waves from inspiraling binary black holes made by proposed third-generation detectors can be used to measure the star formation rate (SFR) of massive stars with high precision up to redshifts of ~10. Depending on the time-delay model, the predicted detection rates ranges from ~2310 to ~56,740 per month with the current measurement of local merger rate density. With 30,000 detections, parameters describing the volumetric SFR can be constrained at the few percent level, and the volumetric merger rate can be directly measured to 3% at z ~ 2. Given a parameterized SFR, the characteristic delay time between binary formation and merger can be measured to ~60%., 8 pages, 1 table, 5 figs. Matches published version

Published
2019

56. The Fate of Binaries in the Galactic Center: The Mundane and the Exotic

Author

Smadar Naoz, Scott Coughlin, Tuan Do, Katelyn Breivik, Andrea M. Ghez, Mark Morris, Anna Ciurlo, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Alexander P. Stephan

Subjects
astro-ph.SR, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, astro-ph.GA, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Compact star, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, general [binaries], Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, black holes [stars], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Nuclear, education, kinematics and dynamics [stars], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar evolution, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), novae, astro-ph.HE, Physics, cataclysmic variables, education.field_of_study, Galactic Center, Stellar collision, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, center [Galaxy], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Black hole, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), evolution [stars], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

The Galactic Center (GC) is dominated by the gravity of a super-massive black hole (SMBH), Sagittarius A$^*$, and is suspected to contain a sizable population of binary stars. Such binaries form hierarchical triples with the SMBH, undergoing Eccentric Kozai-Lidov (EKL) evolution, which can lead to high eccentricity excitations for the binary companions' mutual orbit. This effect can lead to stellar collisions or Roche-lobe crossings, as well as orbital shrinking due to tidal dissipation. In this work we investigate the dynamical and stellar evolution of such binary systems, especially with regards to the binaries' post-main-sequence evolution. We find that the majority of binaries (~75%) is eventually separated into single stars, while the remaining binaries (~25%) undergo phases of common-envelope evolution and/or stellar mergers. These objects can produce a number of different exotic outcomes, including rejuvenated stars, G2-like infrared-excess objects, stripped giant stars, Type Ia supernovae (SNe), cataclysmic variables (CVs), symbiotic binaries (SBs), or compact object binaries. We estimate that, within a sphere of 250 Mpc radius, about 7.5 to 15 Type Ia SNe per year should occur in galactic nuclei due to this mechanism, potentially detectable by ZTF and ASAS-SN. Likewise we estimate that, within a sphere of 1 Gpc$^3$ volume, about 10 to 20 compact object binaries form per year that could become gravitational wave sources. Based on results of EKL-driven compact object binary mergers in galactic nuclei by Hoang at al. (2018), this compact object binary formation rate translates to about 15 to 30 events per year detectable by Advanced LIGO., 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ

Published
2019

57. Millisecond Pulsars and Black Holes in Globular Clusters

Author

Kyle Kremer, Carl L. Rodriguez, Frederic A. Rasio, Sourav Chatterjee, and Claire S. Ye

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, Stellar dynamics, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar evolution, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, education.field_of_study, White dwarf, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Neutron star, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Over a hundred millisecond radio pulsars (MSPs) have been observed in globular clusters (GCs), motivating theoretical studies of the formation and evolution of these sources through stellar evolution coupled to stellar dynamics. Here we study MSPs in GCs using realistic $N$-body simulations with our Cluster Monte Carlo code. We show that neutron stars (NSs) formed in electron-capture supernovae (including both accretion-induced and merger-induced collapse of white dwarfs) can be spun up through mass transfer to form MSPs. Both NS formation and spin-up through accretion are greatly enhanced through dynamical interaction processes. We find that our models for average GCs at the present day with masses $\approx 2 \times 10^5\,M_\odot$ can produce up to $10-20$ MSPs, while a very massive GC model with mass $\approx 10^6\,M_\odot$ can produce close to $100$. We show that the number of MSPs is anti-correlated with the total number of stellar-mass black holes (BHs) retained in the host cluster. The radial distributions are also affected: MSPs are more concentrated towards the center in a host cluster with a smaller number of retained BHs. As a result, the number of MSPs in a GC could be used to place constraints on its BH population. Some intrinsic properties of MSP systems in our models (such as the magnetic fields and spin periods) are in good overall agreement with observations, while others (such as the distribution of binary companion types) less so, and we discuss the possible reasons for such discrepancies. Interestingly, our models also demonstrate the possibility of dynamically forming NS--NS and NS--BH binaries in GCs, although the predicted numbers are very small., 14 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2019

58. Distinguishing Between Formation Channels for Binary Black Holes with LISA

Author

Frederic A. Rasio, Carl L. Rodriguez, Katelyn Breivik, Shane L. Larson, and Vassiliki Kalogera

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Orbital eccentricity, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, GW151226, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Universe, Black hole, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The recent detections of GW150914 and GW151226 imply an abundance of stellar-mass binary-black-hole mergers in the local universe. While ground-based gravitational-wave detectors are limited to observing the final moments before a binary merges, space-based detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), can observe binaries at lower orbital frequencies where such systems may still encode information about their formation histories. In particular, the orbital eccentricity and mass of binary black holes in the LISA frequency band can be used together to discriminate between binaries formed in isolation in galactic fields and those formed in dense stellar environments such as globular clusters. In this letter, we explore the orbital eccentricity and mass of binary-black-hole populations as they evolve through the LISA frequency band. Overall we find that there are two distinct populations discernible by LISA. We show that up to ~90% of binaries formed either dynamically or in isolation have eccentricities measurable by LISA. Finally, we note how measured eccentricities of low-mass binary black holes evolved in isolation could provide detailed constraints on the physics of black-hole natal kicks and common-envelope evolution., 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL

Published
2016

60. Dynamical Formation of the GW150914 Binary Black Hole

Author

Carl-Johan Haster, Carl L. Rodriguez, Sourav Chatterjee, Vicky Kalogera, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Fundamental interaction, LIGO, Gravitation, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Star cluster, Binary black hole, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar evolution, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We explore the possibility that GW150914, the binary black hole merger recently detected by Advanced LIGO, was formed by gravitational interactions in the core of a dense star cluster. Using models of globular clusters with detailed $N$-body dynamics and stellar evolution, we show that a typical cluster with a mass of $3\times10^5M_{\odot}$ to $6\times10^5M_{\odot}$ is optimal for forming GW150914-like binary black holes that will merge in the local universe. We identify the most likely dynamical processes for forming GW150914 in such a cluster, and we show that the detection of GW150914 is consistent with the masses and merger rates expected for binary black hole mergers from globular clusters. Our results show that dynamical processes provide a significant and well-understood pathway for forming binary black hole mergers in the local universe. Understanding the contribution of dynamics to the binary black hole merger problem is a critical step in unlocking the full potential of gravitational-wave astronomy., Comment: Accepted by ApJ Letters

Published
2016
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61. Illuminating Black Hole Binary Formation Channels with Spins in Advanced LIGO

Author

V. Kalogera, Frederic A. Rasio, Michael Zevin, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Chris Pankow

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Spins, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Binary number, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LIGO, Black hole, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Star cluster, Binary black hole, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, GW151226, Orbit (dynamics), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

The recent detections of the binary black hole mergers GW150914 and GW151226 have inaugurated the field of gravitational-wave astronomy. For the two main formation channels that have been proposed for these sources, isolated binary evolution in galactic fields and dynamical formation in dense star clusters, the predicted masses and merger rates overlap significantly, complicating any astrophysical claims that rely on measured masses alone. Here, we examine the distribution of spin- orbit misalignments expected for binaries from the field and from dense star clusters. Under standard assumptions for black-hole natal kicks, we find that black-hole binaries similar to GW150914 could be formed with significant spin-orbit misalignment only through dynamical processes. In particular, these heavy-black-hole binaries can only form with a significant spin-orbit anti-alignment in the dynamical channel. Our results suggest that future detections of merging black hole binaries with measurable spins will allow us to identify the main formation channel for these systems., Comment: 6 pages, 1 appendix. ApJL in press

Published
2016
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62. Binary Black Hole Mergers from Globular Clusters: Implications for Advanced LIGO

Author

Meagan Morscher, Frederic A. Rasio, Bharath Pattabiraman, Sourav Chatterjee, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Carl-Johan Haster

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Stellar collision, X-ray binary, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Black hole, Binary black hole, Intermediate-mass black hole, Globular cluster, Stellar black hole, Spin-flip, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The predicted rate of binary black hole mergers from galactic fields can vary over several orders of magnitude and is extremely sensitive to the assumptions of stellar evolution. But in dense stellar environments such as globular clusters, binary black holes form by well-understood gravitational interactions. In this letter, we study the formation of black hole binaries in an extensive collection of realistic globular cluster models. By comparing these models to observed Milky Way and extragalactic globular clusters, we find that the mergers of dynamically-formed binaries could be detected at a rate of ~100 per year, potentially dominating the binary black hole merger rate. We also find that a majority of cluster-formed binaries are more massive than their field-formed counterparts, suggesting that Advanced LIGO could identify certain binaries as originating from dense stellar environments., 10 pages, 2 appendices. This version includes an erratum to the published letter, attached at the end of the document

Published
2015

63. Robust parameter estimation for compact binaries with ground-based gravitational-wave observations using the LALInference software library

Author

Richard O'Shaughnessy, Farhan Feroz, W. D. Vousden, Nelson Christensen, Ben Farr, Christian Röver, Kent Blackburn, Carl L. Rodriguez, Carl-Johan Haster, Tyson Littenberg, Philip B. Graff, Benjamin Aylott, M. V. van der Sluys, Ilya Mandel, Matthew Pitkin, W. Del Pozzo, Trevor Sidery, John Veitch, L. E. Wade, Alberto Vecchio, Will M. Farr, Vivien Raymond, Michael W. Coughlin, Roger Smith, V. Kalogera, Salvatore Vitale, and Jonathan R. Gair

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, gr-qc, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Binary number, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, Parameter space, Inference methods, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Binary black hole, Binary star, Gravitational radiation magnetic fields and other observations, GW151226, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), QC, QB, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, Gravitational waves: theory, Gravitational wave, Sampling (statistics), LIGO, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gravitational waves, Gravitational radiation, magnetic fields, and other observations, Algorithm, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

The Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo gravitational-wave (GW) detectors will begin operation in the coming years, with compact binary coalescence events a likely source for the first detections. The gravitational waveforms emitted directly encode information about the sources, including the masses and spins of the compact objects. Recovering the physical parameters of the sources from the GW observations is a key analysis task. This work describes the LALInference software library for Bayesian parameter estimation of compact binary signals, which builds on several previous methods to provide a well-tested toolkit which has already been used for several studies. We show that our implementation is able to correctly recover the parameters of compact binary signals from simulated data from the advanced GW detectors. We demonstrate this with a detailed comparison on three compact binary systems: a binary neutron star, a neutron star–black hole binary and a binary black hole, where we show a cross comparison of results obtained using three independent sampling algorithms. These systems were analyzed with nonspinning, aligned spin and generic spin configurations respectively, showing that consistent results can be obtained even with the full 15-dimensional parameter space of the generic spin configurations. We also demonstrate statistically that the Bayesian credible intervals we recover correspond to frequentist confidence intervals under correct prior assumptions by analyzing a set of 100 signals drawn from the prior. We discuss the computational cost of these algorithms, and describe the general and problem-specific sampling techniques we have used to improve the efficiency of sampling the compact binary coalescence parameter space. peerReviewed

Published
2015

64. Constraining Formation Models of Binary Black Holes with Gravitational-wave Observations

Author

Vassiliki Kalogera, Laura Sampson, Eve Chase, Frederic A. Rasio, Michael Zevin, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Chris Pankow

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, FOS: Physical sciences, Binary number, Astronomy and Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Galaxy, Black hole, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Binary black hole, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Globular cluster, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar evolution, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

Gravitational waves (GWs) from binary black hole (BBH) mergers provide a new probe of massive-star evolution and the formation channels of binary compact objects. By coupling the growing sample of BBH systems with population synthesis models, we can begin to constrain the parameters of such models and glean unprecedented knowledge about the inherent physical processes that underpin binary stellar evolution. In this study, we apply a hierarchical Bayesian model to mass measurements from a synthetic GW sample to constrain the physical prescriptions in population models and the relative fraction of systems generated from various channels. We employ population models of two canonical formation scenarios in our analysis --- isolated binary evolution involving a common-envelope phase and dynamical formation within globular clusters --- with model variations for different black hole natal kick prescriptions. We show that solely with chirp mass measurements, it is possible to constrain natal kick prescriptions and the relative fraction of systems originating from each formation channel with $\mathcal{O}(100)$ of confident detections. This framework can be extended to include additional formation scenarios, model parameters, and measured properties of the compact binary., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures

Published
2017

65. Dynamical Formation of Low-mass Merging Black Hole Binaries like GW151226

Author

Frederic A. Rasio, Carl L. Rodriguez, Sourav Chatterjee, and Vicky Kalogera

Subjects
Physics, Mass distribution, Star formation, Metallicity, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Galaxy, Black hole, Star cluster, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Binary black hole, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Globular cluster, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Using numerical models for star clusters spanning a wide range in ages and metallicities (Z) we study the masses of binary black holes (BBHs) produced dynamically and merging in the local universe ($z\lesssim0.2$). After taking into account cosmological constraints on star-formation rate and metallicity evolution, which realistically relate merger delay times obtained from models with merger redshifts, we show here for the first time that while old, metal-poor globular clusters can naturally produce merging BBHs with heavier components, as observed in GW150914, lower-mass BBHs like GW151226 are easily formed dynamically in younger, higher-metallicity clusters.More specifically, we show that the mass of GW151226 is well within $1\sigma$ of the mass distribution obtained from our models for clusters with Z/Zsun$\gtrsim0.5$. Indeed dynamical formation of a system like GW151226 likely requires a cluster that is younger and has a higher metallicity than typical Galactic globular clusters. The LVT151012 system, if real, could have been created in any cluster with Z/Zsun$\lesssim0.25$. On the other hand, GW150914 is more massive (beyond $1\sigma$) than typical BBHs from even the lowest-metallicity (Z/Zsun=0.005) clusters we consider, but is within $2\sigma$ of the intrinsic mass distribution from our cluster models with Z/Zsun$\lesssim0.05$; of course detection biases also push the observed distributions towards higher masses., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Accepted for publication to the Astrophysical Journal Letters

Published
2017

66. BINARY BLACK HOLES IN DENSE STAR CLUSTERS: EXPLORING THE THEORETICAL UNCERTAINTIES

Author

Frederic A. Rasio, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Sourav Chatterjee

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Space (mathematics), Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Methods statistical, Star cluster, Binary black hole, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Recent N-body simulations predict that large numbers of stellar black holes (BHs) could remain bound to globular clusters (GCs) at present, and merging BH--BH binaries are produced dynamically in significant numbers. We systematically vary "standard" assumptions made by numerical simulations related to, e.g., BH formation, stellar winds, binary properties of high-mass stars, and IMF within existing uncertainties, and study the effects on the evolution of the structural properties of GCs, and the BHs in GCs. We find that variations in initial assumptions can set otherwise identical initial clusters on completely different evolutionary paths, significantly affecting their present observable properties, or even affecting the cluster's very survival to the present. However, these changes usually do not affect the numbers or properties of local BH--BH mergers. The only exception is that variations in the assumed winds and IMF can change the masses and numbers of local BH--BH mergers, respectively. All other variations (e.g., in initial binary properties and binary fraction) leave the masses and numbers of locally merging BH--BH binaries largely unchanged. This is in contrast to binary population synthesis models for the field, where results are very sensitive to many uncertain parameters in the initial binary properties and binary stellar-evolution physics. We find that weak winds are required for producing GW150914-like mergers from GCs at low redshifts. LVT151012 can be produced in GCs modeled both with strong and weak winds. GW151226 is lower-mass than typical mergers from GCs modeled with weak winds, but is similar to mergers from GCs modeled with strong winds., 25 pages, 20 figures, 4 tables, ApJ in press

Published
2017

67. Constraints on Cosmic Strings from the LIGO-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Detectors

Author

F. Kawazoe, T. Huynh-Dinh, S. Kandhasamy, Marc Favata, L. E. Wade, Roger Jones, M. C. Díaz, M. Rodruck, D. D. Brown, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, I. Yakushin, A. Effler, C. I. Torrie, F. Brückner, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, D. Moraru, S. J. Waldman, Gianpietro Cagnoli, M. Drago, D. Yeaton-Massey, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, H. J. Bulten, J. B. Kanner, A. M. Sergeev, G. Traylor, S. Doravari, Igor Neri, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, R. Conte, Namjun Kim, Roy Williams, Michael E Zucker, D. Barker, H. P. Daveloza, N. Morgado, S. Roddy, Tristan Briant, Jeffery Kline, Xuan Wang, J. D. Lough, P. Aufmuth, Lee Samuel Finn, J. Poeld, A. Królak, R. Frey, Duncan Meacher, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, M. Heurs, Tania Regimbau, M. M. Hanke, K. Grover, K. Izumi, Alexander Khalaidovski, L. Bonelli, J. Slutsky, S. B. Anderson, Rana X. Adhikari, L. Cunningham, Ruslan Vaulin, David B. Tanner, J. C. Dumas, F. Jiménez-Forteza, F. Vetrano, Karoline Wiesner, Jong H. Chow, Bala R. Iyer, A. Pasqualetti, Chris Pankow, A. Chiummo, M. V. Van Der Sluys, P. Shawhan, F. Donovan, R. McCarthy, Michael W. Coughlin, Piotr Jaranowski, Florent Robinet, J. Macarthur, S. E. Dwyer, David Keitel, C. Graef, M. Tse, M. Boer, D. B. Kelley, D. M. Macleod, B. L. Swinkels, F. Carbognani, V. Malvezzi, M. Britzger, C. Roever, M. P. Thirugnanasambandam, Tobias Eberle, Luca Gammaitoni, A. Cumming, Tenglin Li, C. Buy, S. Dhurandhar, B. M. Levine, P. Fulda, R. S. Ottens, L. Pinard, I. Kowalska, M. A. Barton, C. Aulbert, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, Timothy A Welborn, A. F. Brooks, A. J. Weinstein, Imre Bartos, Stefaan Franco, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, Maria Alessandra Papa, A. Di Lieto, M. Vasúth, E. Foley, S. Giampanis, F. Cavalier, M. Mageswaran, C. Palomba, S. Privitera, M. S. Shahriar, Ludovico Carbone, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, J. Clark, Carl L. Rodriguez, R. Kurdyumov, H. Fehrmann, L. Tang, G. Manca, G. McIntyre, Roman Schnabel, Suvadeep Bose, Z. Márka, B. Canuel, A. A. van Veggel, L. Martinelli, Subhasish Mitra, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, C. Lawrie, E. Genin, Sascha Husa, Collin Capano, M. Bebronne, P. T. Baker, L. Naticchioni, Salvatore Vitale, T. Z. Summerscales, Meng Wang, A. Stochino, A. Singer, S. Ast, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, A. Brillet, S. P. Vyachanin, Zhihui Du, M. Brinkmann, S. Frasca, S. Kudla, L. Rolland, Rosa Poggiani, E. Black, J. R. Smith, T. Nash, W. Kells, Leo Singer, Alberto Vecchio, K. Kokeyama, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, Benjamin William Allen, G. Szeifert, Karsten Danzmann, E. Maros, M. Phelps, Fabrizio Barone, M. Mohan, G. H. Ogin, M. A. Bizouard, C. M. Reed, S. Farinon, J. N. Marx, Alessandra Buonanno, K. A. Thorne, László Á. Gergely, M. Colombini, C. Gray, J. Calderón Bustillo, K. Soden, S. M. Scott, Grant David Meadors, Eric Howell, Stephen Fairhurst, A. Kumar, N. Man, L. Prokhorov, Will M. Farr, D. Sellers, Alessandra Corsi, E. J. King, J. Eichholz, D. Sigg, J. M. Berliner, T. Williams, Nancy Aggarwal, A. Dietz, F. Frasconi, A. S. Stroeer, J. Zweizig, R. Essick, P. Puppo, C. R. Ramet, R. Flaminio, V. Re, P. Kwee, T. Etzel, Michael Landry, W. Z. Korth, Fanghua Liu, A. L. Stuver, M. J. Cowart, F. Mokler, L. K. Nuttall, Samuel Deléglise, L. Wallace, P. Raffai, D. R. Ingram, V. Sandberg, Patrice Hello, M. Pickenpack, E. J. Daw, F. Clara, D. Fazi, M. Punturo, J. Birch, David Coward, H. J. Jang, K. Haughian, S. Gras, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, J. Hanks, R. Bonnand, L. Sperandio, S. Gil-Casanova, Máté Nagy, Sebastian Steinlechner, F. Magana-Sandoval, J. Ou, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, E. Coccia, Denis Martynov, G. Billingsley, S. Van Der Putten, L. Bosi, M. Holtrop, Travis Horrom, Katrin Dahl, N. A. Gordon, P. J. Veitch, Q. Chu, Yunchao Liu, Sanichiro Yoshida, J. S. Areeda, B. A. Weaver, M. Zanolin, B. Hughey, V. Huang, H. Dereli, K. Siellez, J. S. Kissel, J. Iafrate, B. Moe, L.-W. Wei, J. Garcia, Federico Ferrini, G. Vajente, Graham Woan, Gregory M. Harry, Robert L. Byer, C. Osthelder, G. S. Davies, J. Betzwieser, C. Gill, G. Rajalakshmi, L. Sammut, Fan Zhang, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, B. Schulz, Kazuhiro Hayama, C. S. Unnikrishnan, Odylio D. Aguiar, F. Marion, C. J. Bell, Tobias Westphal, László Gondán, S. E. Whitcomb, R. DeSalvo, B. R. Hall, P. G. Murray, N. Zotov, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, Rainer Weiss, F. Ricci, R. W. P. Drever, W. D. Vousden, P. J. Sutton, N. Straniero, P. Thomas, David Jones, John Miller, M. Fyffe, Kip S. Thorne, T. Prestegard, D. Nanda Kumar, Erik Katsavounidis, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Lutz Winkelmann, M. Branchesi, Paul J. Groot, V. Loriette, Ruth A. Anderson, J. C. Batch, S. E. Gossan, E. Deleeuw, Daniel A. Shaddock, N. Letendre, D. Talukder, R. Goetz, Y. Minenkov, K. Mason, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, R. Cavalieri, Theodore S. Hong, D. Ugolini, Prayush Kumar, K. A. Hodge, C. L. Mueller, C. Tomlinson, E. A. Quintero, T. Reed, A. Gennai, M. J. Lubinski, Francesco Salemi, B. Behnke, R. M S Schofield, K. Evans, C. Bogan, Tarun Souradeep, Guido Mueller, Marco Cavaglia, A. Nitz, Ryan DeRosa, John Veitch, Ilya Belopolski, S. M. Aston, C. V. Torres, I. W. Harry, E. Amador Ceron, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, E. Steinert, Riccardo Sturani, R. Chakraborty, A. M. Sintes, Riccardo Paoletti, R. Gustafson, K. Venkateswara, David Murphy, V. P. Mitrofanov, Rajesh Kumar, D. Bersanetti, Vladimir B. Braginsky, Hsiang-Chuan Liu, N. A. Robertson, Drew Keppel, M. Edwards, H. Vahlbruch, B. Sorazu, J. V. van Heijningen, J. Abadie, J. K. Blackburn, S. Meshkov, A. L. Lombardi, M. Lormand, E. Chassande-Mottin, Y. Wan, M. Damjanic, Gabriela Gonzalez, S. Verma, A. Castiglia, M. MacInnis, B. E. Aylott, Philip Graff, P. Rapagnani, M. C. Araya, H. Wittel, A. Basti, J. Bowers, R. De Rosa, W. Del Pozzo, P. F. Cohadon, Trevor Sidery, H. Heitmann, R. Gouaty, Eric Thrane, D. J. Hosken, Robert Stone, A. Mytidis, D. Hammer, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, Andrea Chincarini, Jessica McIver, J. Y. Vinet, N. Fotopoulos, M. Vallisneri, W. W. Johnson, A. Rocchi, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, F. Martelli, K. Riles, V. Brisson, Sheila Rowan, Andreas Freise, O. Puncken, Paul D. Lasky, Joshua L. Willis, Takehiko Mori, Matthew Pitkin, Matthew Heintze, J.-P. Coulon, Joshua Yablon, Z. Frei, David E. McClelland, A. Di Virgilio, S. D'Antonio, Eric W. James, C. Michel, H. Yamamoto, W. Ortega Larcher, K. Dmitry, E. A. Huerta, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, Archana Pai, Benjamin J. Owen, F. Paoletti, E. Goetz, J. F. J. van den Brand, Vivien Raymond, Peter R. Saulson, Gijs Nelemans, Jian-Siung Wang, P. Leaci, A. Colla, J. G. Rollins, E. D. Hall, Jolien D. E. Creighton, G. Mendell, M. Tacca, A. Viceré, Martin Hendry, M. Wade, V. Sannibale, Daniel Vrinceanu, M. Granata, D. Simakov, Yi Chen, F. Garufi, J.-D. Fournier, J. Lee, H. Radkins, Xing-Jiang Zhu, Linqing Wen, Hyun Lee, P. Ruggi, Christopher Wipf, Bartosz Pindor, K. V. Tokmakov, B. Lantz, Ettore Majorana, S. G. Crowder, Sarah Caudill, A. Wanner, D. Nolting, F. J. Raab, R. Quitzow-James, R. Day, E. Nishida, T. M. C. Abbott, E. Cuoco, S. Caride, P. Ehrens, C. Griffo, M. Jacobson, Lindy Blackburn, Todd Adams, Junwei Cao, Evan Ochsner, I. Fiori, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Christian D. Ott, Hee-Suk Cho, S. T. Countryman, V. Lhuillier, P. T. Beyersdorf, V. Boschi, Fabien Kéfélian, J. H. Hough, J. C. Driggers, R. Bork, K. Haris, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, E. O. Lebigot, Satya Mohapatra, Peter Kalmus, J. B. Lewis, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, M. Agathos, F. Ohme, B. Daudert, S. R. Morriss, L. Austin, K. Holt, K. Kawabe, Shiuh Chao, Gleb Romanov, Chunglee Kim, V. Necula, Vuk Mandic, Chunnong Zhao, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, M. G. Beker, S. Wibowo, C. Kucharczyk, Malik Rakhmanov, Michael Thomas, J. Worden, H. Zhu, Sunil Susmithan, I. Di Palma, D. Lodhia, Neil Gehrels, I. Santiago-Prieto, David H. Shoemaker, C. Messenger, M. Bitossi, J. R. Sanders, G. Bergmann, K. Wette, M. Prijatelj, Qi Fang, John J. Oh, D. S. Rabeling, K. E. Gushwa, L. Williams, D. Verkindt, Huan Yang, S. Márka, L. Di Fiore, B. Mours, T. Accadia, Riccardo Bassiri, M. Barsuglia, A. Rüdiger, Th. S. Bauer, A. Le Roux, A. K. Zadrożny, J. R. Leong, S. H. Huttner, Koji Arai, F. Cleva, T. J. Massinger, T. Vo, V. Lockett, C. Adams, V. Litvine, Rocco Romano, Markus A. Wimmer, A. P. M. ter Braack, Tyson Littenberg, D. Passuello, K. D. Giardina, M. Neri, Matthew Abernathy, Kasem Mossavi, A. Lazzarini, N. Leroy, M. T. Hartman, E. Forsi, S. W. Ballmer, C. Padilla, D. Bessis, V. V. Frolov, Mark S. Meyer, R. Riesen, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, A. Grant, V. Kringel, R. A. Mercer, Leopoldo Milano, H. Kaufer, Y. M. Kim, Jan Harms, A. S. Sengupta, G. May, S. Chung, Benoit Sassolas, J. E. Brau, F. Seifert, P. Campsie, Michelle E. Walker, S. Goßler, J. A. Giaime, Charlotte Bond, G. D. Hammond, C. A. Brannen, Stanislav Babak, J. Heefner, M. Kasprzack, Honam Yum, A. R. Wade, Peter Fritschel, C. Affeldt, G. Debreczeni, M. E. Normandin, Shaun Hooper, Ben Farr, A. W. Heptonstall, M. Constancio, Duncan A. Brown, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, D. Rosińska, S. Vass, J. H. Romie, M. Yvert, S. P. Tarabrin, Ho-Gyu Lee, Joseph Gleason, J. C. Barayoga, S. Foley, E. Schreiber, D. L. Jones, Richard J. Abbott, J. Luan, D. Hoak, H. R. Paris, V. Fafone, Michael L. Gorodetsky, S. Klimenko, R. K. Nayak, Tomasz Bulik, W. Winkler, M. A. Frei, Saranya Ghosh, Zhen Liu, K. Ryan, G. Moreno, M. Pedraza, D. Buskulic, T. P. Bodiya, J. P. Zendri, G. Kang, E. Saracco, K. Loew, P. Oppermann, O. Torre, Peter Wessels, Kieran Craig, C. Van Den Broeck, Ik Siong Heng, S. Steplewski, R. Taylor, François Bondu, Seog Oh, M. Pichot, M. Blom, R. Kasturi, Jonathan R. Gair, H. Overmier, S. H. Barnum, S. Grunewald, Douglas E. Stevens, Enrico Calloni, A. Giazotto, Thomas Corbitt, C. A. Costa, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, N. A. Lockerbie, A. S. Markosyan, I. Ferrante, Jesper Munch, P. Astone, Harald Lück, M. Born, Laura Cadonati, G. Endroczi, S. C. McGuire, Thomas Dent, Fausto Acernese, P. Charlton, P. Peiris, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, Teviet Creighton, J. Breyer, M. Shaltev, O. Bock, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, Ilya Mandel, J. Steinlechner, V. Poole, Chad Hanna, James Whelan, P. Ajith, L. Zhang, Shane L. Larson, X. Siemens, M. Cordier, Stephen S. Eikenberry, C. Wilkinson, Lisa Barsotti, Z. Hua, Alessandra Toncelli, I. Maksimovic, M. Mantovani, J. Marque, B. K. Kim, R. Mittleman, R. L. Ward, R. J. G. Jonker, R. Schilling, D. Amariutei, G. Hemming, Nelson Christensen, S. M. Koehlenbeck, F. Nocera, Richard A. Matzner, D. J. White, D. C. Coyne, I. A. Bilenko, V. Dergachev, David J. Ottaway, A. M. Gretarsson, C. Poux, V. Dattilo, Edwin J. Son, Stefan Hild, C. Bradaschia, A. C. Lin, K. Kaufman, Hartmut Grote, Vaibhav Tiwari, D. Schuette, T. Denker, G. Losurdo, Neil J. Cornish, E. Cesarini, Kenneth A. Strain, A. Kremin, Fabio Marchesoni, Kyungmin Kim, Yi Pan, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, David Blair, Jordan Camp, D. Feldbaum, T. Meier, G. Newton, C. Vorvick, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, V. Kondrashov, S. Reid, Anton B. Ivanov, J. Bauchrowitz, Vicky Kalogera, M. Tonelli, Larry R. Price, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, M. Leonardi, D. Cook, G. Mazzolo, A. Staley, J. Hanson, C. Cepeda, Maik Frede, G. R. Skelton, P. Schwinberg, C. C. Yancey, Richard S. Savage, Andrew Lundgren, W. S. Kim, V. Pierro, M. Factourovich, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, Giacomo Ciani, A. Mullavey, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, R. Vincent-Finley, B. F. Whiting, Antoine Heidmann, B. Machenschalk, K. Mailand, Matthew Evans, S. Mukherjee, Fabrice Matichard, E. Oelker, A. S. Bell, N. Mazumder, T. Isogai, F. Y. Khalili, J. Meidam, A. Allocca, K. C. Cannon, D. Lloyd, T. T. Fricke, M. Was, H. Vocca, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, R. Inta, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, M. R. Smith, A. Conte, Y. J. Jang, B. O'Reilly, G. Mitselmakher, Seiji Kawamura, T. Bhadbhade, B. Vlcek, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, I. Nardecchia, J. Aasi, V. Mangano, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, David H. Reitze, Yi-Ming Hu, Sweta Shah, J. Logue, T. Dal Canton, T. Evans, R. Passaquieti, M. Huynh, E. Macdonald, G. A. Prodi, F. Piergiovanni, S. Penn, Chang-Hwan Lee, M. Weinert, M. Davier, C. C. Arceneaux, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Department of Physics, Columbia University [New York], Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESPCI ParisTech, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur ( OCA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), (Astro)-Particles Physics, Aasi, J., Abadie, J., Abbott, B. ?. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T., Abernathy, M. ?. R., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adams, T., Adhikari, R. ?. X., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. ?. D., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amador Ceron, E., Amariutei, D., Anderson, R. ?. A., Anderson, S. ?. B., Anderson, W. ?. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. ?. C., Arceneaux, C., Areeda, J., Ast, S., Aston, S. ?. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Austin, L., Aylott, B. ?. E., Babak, S., Baker, P. ?. T., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. ?. W., Barayoga, J. ?. C., Barker, D., Barnum, S. ?. H., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. ?. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, T. h. S., Bebronne, M., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Beker, M. ?. G., Bell, A. ?. S., Bell, C., Belopolski, I., Bergmann, G., Berliner, J. ?. M., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Bessis, D., Betzwieser, J., Beyersdorf, P. ?. T., Bhadbhade, T., Bilenko, I. ?. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. ?. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. ?. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. ?. P., Boer, M., Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bowers, J., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. ?. R., Braginsky, V. ?. B., Branchesi, M., Brannen, C. ?. A., Brau, J. ?. E., Breyer, J., Briant, T., Bridges, D. ?. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. ?. F., Brown, D. ?. A., Brown, D. ?. D., Br?ckner, F., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. ?. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. ?. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Bustillo, J. Calder?n., Calloni, Enrico, Camp, J. ?. B., Campsie, P., Cannon, K. ?. C., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. ?. D., Carbognani, F., Carbone, L., Caride, S., Castiglia, A., Caudill, S., Cavagli?, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande Mottin, E., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. ?. S., Chow, J., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S. ?. S. ?. Y., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. ?. E., Clark, J. ?. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. F., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Constancio, M., Conte, A., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. ?. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. ?. A., Coughlin, M. ?. W., Coulon, J. P., Countryman, S., Couvares, P., Coward, D. ?. M., Cowart, M., Coyne, D. ?. C., Craig, K., Creighton, J. ?. D. ?. E., Creighton, T. ?. D., Crowder, S. ?. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Dal Canton, T., Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S. ?. L., D?antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Davies, G. ?. S., Daw, E. ?. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., DE ROSA, Rosario, Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Del Pozzo, W., Deleeuw, E., Del?glise, S., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., Derosa, R., Desalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., D?az, M., Dietz, A., Dmitry, K., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. ?. L., Doravari, S., Drago, M., Drever, R. ?. W. ?. P., Driggers, J. ?. C., Du, Z., Dumas, J. C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. ?. S., Endr?czi, G., Essick, R., Etzel, T., Evans, K., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W., Favata, M., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. ?. S., Fiori, I., Fisher, R., Flaminio, R., Foley, E., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. ?. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. ?. V., Fujimoto, M. K., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gair, J., Gammaitoni, L., Garcia, J., Garufi, Fabio, Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. ?. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. ?. D., Giazotto, A., Gil Casanova, S., Gill, C., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., Gonz?lez, G., Gordon, N., Gorodetsky, M. ?. L., Gossan, S., Go?ler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. ?. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. ?. J. ?. S., Gretarsson, A. ?. M., Griffo, C., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. ?. M., Guido, C., Gushwa, K. ?. E., Gustafson, E. ?. K., Gustafson, R., Hall, B., Hall, E., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanke, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. ?. M., Harry, I. ?. W., Harstad, E. ?. D., Hartman, M. ?. T., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Heefner, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. ?. S., Heptonstall, A. ?. W., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. ?. A., Holt, K., Holtrop, M., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Horrom, T., Hosken, D. ?. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. ?. J., Hu, Y., Hua, Z., Huang, V., Huerta, E. ?. A., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. ?. H., Huynh, M., Huynh Dinh, T., Iafrate, J., Ingram, D. ?. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Iyer, B. ?. R., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., James, E., Jang, H., Jang, Y. ?. J., Jaranowski, P., Jim?nez Forteza, F., Johnson, W. ?. W., Jones, D., Jones, D. ?. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. ?. J. ?. G., Ju, L., Haris, K., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. ?. B., Kasprzack, M., Kasturi, R., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kaufman, K., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., K?f?lian, F., Keitel, D., Kelley, D. ?. B., Kells, W., Keppel, D. ?. G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. ?. Y., Khazanov, E. ?. A., Kim, B. ?. K., Kim, C., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, W., Kim, Y. M., King, E. ?. J., King, P. ?. J., Kinzel, D. ?. L., Kissel, J. ?. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J., Koehlenbeck, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Koranda, S., Korth, W. ?. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kremin, A., Kringel, V., Kr?lak, A., Kucharczyk, C., Kudla, S., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kurdyumov, R., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Larson, S., Lasky, P. ?. D., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Le Roux, A., Leaci, P., Lebigot, E. ?. O., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. ?. K., Lee, H. ?. M., Lee, J., Leonardi, M., Leong, J. ?. R., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levine, B., Lewis, J. ?. B., Lhuillier, V., T. ?. G. ?. F., Li, Lin, A. ?. C., Littenberg, T. ?. B., Litvine, V., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lloyd, D., Lockerbie, N. ?. A., Lockett, V., Lodhia, D., Loew, K., Logue, J., Lombardi, A. ?. L., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J., Luan, J., Lubinski, M. ?. J., L?ck, H., Lundgren, A. ?. P., Macarthur, J., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. ?. M., Magana Sandoval, F., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Manca, G. ?. M., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., M?rka, S., M?rka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. ?. W., Martin, R. ?. M., Martinelli, L., Martynov, D., Marx, J. ?. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. ?. J., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. ?. A., Mavalvala, N., May, G., Mazumder, N., Mazzolo, G., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. ?. E., Mcguire, S. ?. C., Mcintyre, G., Mciver, J., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. ?. D., Mehmet, M., Meidam, J., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. ?. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. ?. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Mikhailov, E. ?. E., Milano, Leopoldo, Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mingarelli, C. ?. M. ?. F., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. ?. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. ?. R. ?. P., Mokler, F., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Mori, T., Morriss, S. ?. R., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow Lowry, C. ?. M., Mueller, C. ?. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. ?. G., Mytidis, A., Nagy, M. ?. F., Nanda Kumar, D., Nardecchia, I., Nash, T., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R., Necula, V., Nelemans, G., Neri, I., Neri, M., Newton, G., Nguyen, T., Nishida, E., Nishizawa, A., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. ?. E., Nuttall, L. ?. K., Ochsner, E., O?dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. ?. H., J. ?. J., Oh, S. ?. H., Oh, Ohme, F., Oppermann, P., O?reilly, B., Ortega Larcher, W., O?shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. ?. D., Ottaway, D. ?. J., Ottens, R. ?. S., Ou, J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. ?. J., Padilla, C., Pai, A., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Paoletti, R., Papa, M. ?. A., Paris, H., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Pedraza, M., Peiris, P., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pinard, L., Pindor, B., Pinto, I. ?. M., Pitkin, M., Poeld, J., Poggiani, R., Poole, V., Poux, C., Predoi, V., Prestegard, T., Price, L. ?. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G. ?. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E., Quitzow James, R., Raab, F. ?. J., Rabeling, D. ?. S., R?cz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajalakshmi, G., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Reed, C. ?. M., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. ?. H., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Robertson, N. ?. A., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rodriguez, C., Rodruck, M., Roever, C., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. ?. G., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. ?. H., Rosi?ska, D., Rowan, S., R?diger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J., Sannibale, V., Santiago Prieto, I., Saracco, E., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. ?. S., Saulson, P. ?. R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. ?. M. ?. S., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. ?. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. ?. M., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. ?. S., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D., Shah, S., Shahriar, M. ?. S., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. ?. H., Sidery, T. ?. L., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A. ?. M., Skelton, G. ?. R., Slagmolen, B. ?. J. ?. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. ?. R., Smith, M. ?. R., Smith, R. ?. J. ?. E., Smith Lefebvre, N. ?. D., Soden, K., Son, E. ?. J., Sorazu, B., Souradeep, T., Sperandio, L., Staley, A., Steinert, E., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stevens, D., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. ?. A., Straniero, N., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A. ?. S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. ?. L., Summerscales, T. ?. Z., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. ?. J., Swinkels, B., Szeifert, G., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tang, L., Tanner, D. ?. B., Tarabrin, S. ?. P., Taylor, R., ter Braack, A. ?. P. ?. M., Thirugnanasambandam, M. ?. P., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. ?. A., Thorne, K. ?. S., Thrane, E., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. ?. V., Tomlinson, C., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C. ?. V., Torrie, C. ?. I., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tse, M., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. ?. S., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., van den Brand, J. ?. F. ?. J., Van Den Broeck, C., van der Putten, S., van der Sluys, M. ?. V., van Heijningen, J., van Veggel, A. ?. A., Vass, S., Vas?th, M., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. ?. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Verma, S., Vetrano, F., Vicer?, A., Vincent Finley, R., Vinet, J. Y., Vitale, S., Vlcek, B., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vousden, W. ?. D., Vrinceanu, D., Vyachanin, S. ?. P., Wade, A., Wade, L., Wade, M., Waldman, S. ?. J., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Wan, Y., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, X., Wanner, A., Ward, R. ?. L., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. ?. J., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. ?. T., Whitcomb, S. ?. E., White, D. ?. J., Whiting, B. ?. F., Wibowo, S., Wiesner, K., Wilkinson, C., Williams, L., Williams, R., Williams, T., Willis, J. ?. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. ?. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. ?. C., Yang, H., Yeaton Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yum, H., Yvert, M., Zadro?ny, A., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. P., Zhang, F., Zhang, L., Zhao, C., Zhu, H., Zhu, X. ?. J., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. ?. E., Zweizig, J., Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, and The Virgo Collaboration

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Pacs number: 11.27.+d, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic background radiation, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [ PHYS.ASTR.CO ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], String (physics), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Cosmology, [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], LIMITS, Physics and Astronomy (all), INFLATION, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Pacs number: 11.25.Wx, Nuclear Experiment, cosmic string, Pacs number: 04.80 Nn, gravitational wave, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, QC, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Physics, Gravitational wave, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, LIGO, Cosmic string, [ SDU.ASTR.CO ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Cosmic strings can give rise to a large variety of interesting astrophysical phenomena. Among them, powerful bursts of gravitational waves (GWs) produced by cusps are a promising observational signature. In this Letter we present a search for GWs from cosmic string cusps in data collected by the LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave detectors between 2005 and 2010, with over 625 days of live time. We find no evidence of GW signals from cosmic strings. From this result, we derive new constraints on cosmic string parameters, which complement and improve existing limits from previous searches for a stochastic background of GWs from cosmic microwave background measurements and pulsar timing data. In particular, if the size of loops is given by the gravitational backreaction scale, we place upper limits on the string tension Gμ below 10(-8) in some regions of the cosmic string parameter space. ispartof: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS vol:112 issue:13 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2014

68. The transient gravitational-wave sky

Author

Laura Cadonati, Rosalba Perna, Stefan Hild, Emanuele Berti, Shiho Kobayashi, Szabolcs Marka, James S. Clark, Deirdre Shoemaker, John M. Baker, Andrew MacFadyen, Luis Lehner, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Nils Andersson, Ilya Mandel, Carl L. Rodriguez, Christian Reisswig, Alicia M. Soderberg, S. Klimenko, Ulrich Sperhake, Steve Liebling, Antony C. Searle, Ik Siong Heng, Pablo Laguna, Jocelyn Read, Nathan K. Johnson-McDaniel, Zsuzsa Márka, Lee Samuel Finn, Janna Levin, Stan Whitcomb, Patrick J. Sutton, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, David Neilsen, Kostas D. Kokkotas, Peter Kalmus, M. Ruffert, Martin Hendry, José A. González, Nial R. Tanvir, Erik Schnetter, Bruno Giacomazzo, Peter Shawhan, Chris L. Fryer, P. T. O'Brien, M. Was, Marc Favata, Kris Belczynski, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Nils, A, John, B, Krzystof, B, Sebastiano, B, Emanuele, B, Laura, C, Pablo Cerdá, D, James, C, Marc, F, Lee Samuel, F, Chris, F, Giacomazzo, B, Jose Antonio, G, Martin, H, Ik Siong, H, Stefan, H, Nathan Johnson, M, Peter, K, Sergei, K, Shiho, K, Kostas, K, Pablo, L, Luis, L, Janna, L, Steve, L, Andrew, M, Ilya, M, Szabolcs, M, Zsuzsa, M, David, N, Paul, O, Rosalba, P, Jocelyn, R, Christian, R, Carl, R, Max, R, Erik, S, Antony, S, Peter, S, Deirdre, S, Alicia, S, Ulrich, S, Patrick, S, Nial, T, Michal, W, and Stan, W

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Explosive material, media_common.quotation_subject, ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, SPIN-DOWN LIMIT, 0103 physical sciences, PRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTION, CORE-COLLAPSE, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ARMED SPIRAL INSTABILITY, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astroparticle physics, Physics, GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, NEUTRINO PAIR ANNIHILATION, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, MASS BLACK-HOLES, Universe, BAR-MODE INSTABILITY, Interferometry, Sky, Data analysis, Transient (oscillation), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, DRIVEN SUPERNOVA, gravitational waves, neutron stars, black holes, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Interferometric detectors will very soon give us an unprecedented view of the gravitational-wave sky, and in particular of the explosive and transient Universe. Now is the time to challenge our theoretical understanding of short-duration gravitational-wave signatures from cataclysmic events, their connection to more traditional electromagnetic and particle astrophysics, and the data analysis techniques that will make the observations a reality. This paper summarizes the state of the art, future science opportunities, and current challenges in understanding gravitational-wave transients., 33 pages, 2 figures

Published
2013

69. Search for long-lived gravitational-wave transients coincident with long gamma-ray bursts

Author

D. Moraru, S. J. Waldman, V. Dattilo, Edwin J. Son, M. Yvert, C. Griffo, S. T. Countryman, Gianpietro Cagnoli, D. Yeaton-Massey, V. Necula, Stefan Hild, Peter Aufmuth, A. Stochino, A. Singer, J. N. Marx, László Á. Gergely, L. Wallace, I. Santiago-Prieto, V. V. Frolov, G. McIntyre, F. Vetrano, S. E. Dwyer, David Keitel, C. Graef, A. Brillet, K. Kaufman, V. Re, J. Poeld, A. Królak, R. Frey, Duncan Meacher, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, M. A. Bizouard, Leo Singer, A. Cumming, F. Frasconi, A. S. Stroeer, C. Affeldt, Suvadeep Bose, Z. Márka, B. M. Levine, A. Di Lieto, S. G. Crowder, M. Vasúth, E. Foley, Satya Mohapatra, R. Taylor, C. R. Ramet, R. Flaminio, Ludovico Carbone, C. C. Arceneaux, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, R. Kurdyumov, Benoit Sassolas, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, Anton B. Ivanov, Kevin M. Ryan, Fanghua Liu, M. Holtrop, Katrin Dahl, T. P. Bodiya, Stanislav Babak, John Miller, T. Prestegard, Michael E Zucker, Peter Wessels, Kipp Cannon, Kieran Craig, W. D. Vousden, C. I. Torrie, J. R. Sanders, S. H. Barnum, J. Bauchrowitz, P. G. Murray, A. Wanner, J. O'Dell, A. P. M. ter Braack, T. Dayanga, D. C. Coyne, K. Grover, M. Tonelli, B. Behnke, N. Straniero, E. Genin, M. Constancio, Duncan A. Brown, Roman Schnabel, B. R. Hall, Larry R. Price, J. S. Kissel, N. Letendre, R. De Rosa, Q. Chu, J. Iafrate, B. Moe, Odylio D. Aguiar, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, L. Martinelli, T. Huynh-Dinh, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, Riccardo Sturani, G. M. Harry, I. Di Palma, K. Venkateswara, D. Lodhia, Alessandra Buonanno, D. R. Ingram, K. Izumi, Máté Nagy, J. Ou, A. K. Zadrożny, V. Boschi, Joseph D. Romano, G. Vedovato, E. Cesarini, M. Leonardi, Matthew Abernathy, D. B. Kozak, C. Vorvick, R. S. Ottens, László Gondán, Kasem Mossavi, P. J. Sutton, Hsiang-Chuan Liu, J. H. Romie, D. Bersanetti, J. V. van Heijningen, Fabien Kéfélian, C. Aulbert, R. Cavalieri, S. Márka, Marc Favata, L. E. Wade, M. Branchesi, A. M. Gretarsson, C. Palomba, S. Privitera, Alberto Vecchio, Robert Stone, M. Phelps, D. S. Rabeling, J. H. Hough, Douglas R. Cook, Michele Zanolin, L. Prokhorov, Kenneth A. Strain, A. Kremin, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Will M. Farr, H. Dereli, K. Siellez, A. Castiglia, Roger Jones, A. Di Virgilio, S. Kandhasamy, Kyungmin Kim, L. Cunningham, D. D. Brown, M. C. Araya, G. Mendell, Nancy Aggarwal, A. Dietz, G. Mazzolo, Maik Frede, B. O'Reilly, J. C. Batch, J. K. Blackburn, P. Schwinberg, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sheila Rowan, Eric Thrane, K. A. Hodge, J. Heefner, Eric W. James, C. Michel, Sarah Caudill, C. C. Yancey, R. Chakraborty, R. Quitzow-James, R. Day, F. Ohme, B. Daudert, P. Puppo, G. R. Skelton, V. Brisson, A. Basti, J. Bowers, J.-P. Coulon, Z. Frei, D. Barker, D. Jones, Rana X. Adhikari, C. Osthelder, Sanichiro Yoshida, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, E. Deleeuw, Prayush Kumar, G. P. Newton, Ryan DeRosa, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Michael W. Coughlin, M. Mageswaran, Xing-Jiang Zhu, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Hee-Suk Cho, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, M. S. Shahriar, Riccardo Bassiri, S. Ast, E. Maros, C. M. Reed, B. Hughey, F. Clara, J. S. Areeda, M. S. Meyer, Todd Adams, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, Andrew Lundgren, W. S. Kim, S. E. Gossan, T. J. Massinger, E. O. Lebigot, S. Wibowo, M. Prijatelj, V. Litvine, John A. Clark, V. Kalogera, C. Padilla, Charlotte Bond, Alessandra Corsi, A. L. Stuver, Ben Farr, G. D. Hammond, W. Z. Korth, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, G. Rajalakshmi, M. Fyffe, Yueh-Feng Liu, Gabriela Gonzalez, J.-D. Fournier, I. Fiori, B. Machenschalk, F. Donovan, K. E. Gushwa, Rainer Weiss, E. J. Daw, A. Conte, Y. J. Jang, Seiji Kawamura, T. Bhadbhade, B. Vlcek, Elizabeth Harstad, I. Nardecchia, J. Aasi, V. Mangano, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, V. Huang, Marco Aurelio Diaz, R. Goetz, C. Bogan, Tarun Souradeep, Riccardo Paoletti, Evan Ochsner, A. J. Weinstein, N. Morgado, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. V. van der Sluys, M. Landry, F. Ricci, R. W. P. Drever, Piotr Jaranowski, Florent Robinet, M. Bebronne, P. T. Baker, K. D. Giardina, Giacomo Ciani, A. Mullavey, Andreas Freise, Vincenzo Pierro, B. P. Abbott, A. F. Brooks, E. K. Gustafson, L. Di Fiore, Paul D. Lasky, S. Roddy, Joshua L. Willis, E. Steinert, F. J. Raab, C. Roever, R. Gustafson, M. P. Thirugnanasambandam, Tobias Eberle, S. Giampanis, David H. Reitze, B. E. Aylott, K. Dmitry, Tobias Westphal, M. R. Smith, David Jones, Rocco Romano, Markus A. Wimmer, M. Barsuglia, Ho-Gyu Lee, C. Gill, O. Puncken, Yi-Ming Hu, Tristan Briant, D. E. Clark, F. Garufi, J. Wang, P. Leaci, A. Colla, John D. Scott, G. May, F. Brückner, S. Chung, L. Naticchioni, W. W. Johnson, C. Lawrie, Salvatore Vitale, Sweta Shah, Jeffery Kline, M. Edwards, J. D. Lough, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, T. Etzel, H. P. Daveloza, A. Gennai, A. Grant, D. L. Kinzel, S. Vass, R. A. Mercer, Bernard F. Schutz, Matthew Pitkin, V. Lhuillier, M. Wade, M. Granata, M. E. Normandin, Li Ju, Marco Cavaglia, D. Nolting, D. B. Kelley, Zhihui Du, A. M. Sintes, R. Vincent-Finley, L. Bonelli, J. Slutsky, L. Zhang, C. S. Unnikrishnan, Lee Samuel Finn, J. Logue, J. Zweizig, I. Yakushin, N. Gehrels, T. Vo, E. J. King, G. Endroczi, L. Sammut, Daniel A. Shaddock, Sunil Susmithan, Fabrice Matichard, A. Rocchi, M. A. Barton, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, M. Factourovich, J. Hanson, Vuk Mandic, Karoline Wiesner, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, M. J. Cowart, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, David Blair, C. Bradaschia, E. A. Huerta, A. W. Heptonstall, Vivien Raymond, Peter R. Saulson, S. E. Whitcomb, W. Kells, P. Oppermann, P. Thomas, A. Effler, Michele Vallisneri, Shiuh Chao, Gleb Romanov, Haixing Miao, Rosa Poggiani, S. Farinon, T. Accadia, A. Perreca, M. Rodruck, S. L. Danilishin, Jordan Camp, Carl L. Rodriguez, Sascha Husa, Meng Wang, Tyson Littenberg, G. Gemme, J. Betzwieser, Ik Siong Heng, M. Boer, Erik Katsavounidis, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Antoine Heidmann, M. Blom, D. Feldbaum, M. Shaltev, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, V. Loriette, Th. S. Bauer, Sebastian Steinlechner, T. Hong, G. Kang, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, H. J. Bulten, E. Nishida, Imre Bartos, J. B. Kanner, Pierre-François Cohadon, S. Mitra, Francesco Salemi, S. Steplewski, K. Soden, T. Meier, Guido Mueller, O. Bock, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, M. Neri, J. A. Giaime, M. J. Lubinski, P. Raffai, K. Evans, M. Pickenpack, J. Hanks, H. Kaufer, H. Overmier, M. G. Beker, Jesper Munch, A. M. Sergeev, S. Van Der Putten, Qi Fang, Daniel J. Stevens, Y. M. Kim, Y. Wan, C. J. Bell, Rajesh Kumar, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, M. Agathos, Xuejun Wang, Harald Lück, C. L. Mueller, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, N. Mazumder, A. R. Wade, S. R. Morriss, E. Black, Lisa Barsotti, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, J. R. Smith, M. A. Frei, R. Bork, Vladimir B. Braginsky, Tania Regimbau, M. M. Hanke, H. Vahlbruch, D. Sellers, Fumiko Kawazoe, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, N. Zotov, Jessica McIver, K. Mason, N. Fotopoulos, S. Doravari, S. B. Anderson, Z. Hua, Alessandra Toncelli, J. P. Zendri, P. Kwee, S. D'Antonio, R. J. G. Jonker, V. Lockett, M. Born, K. Mailand, K. A. Thorne, J. Meidam, Igor Neri, Shaun Hooper, M. Weinert, David Murphy, S. C. McGuire, T. Nash, F. Fidecaro, C. Tomlinson, G. M. Guidi, Soma Mukherjee, Drew Keppel, Ruslan Vaulin, Bala R. Iyer, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, A. Giazotto, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, E. Amador Ceron, G. H. Ogin, P. Astone, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, Joseph Gleason, P. Ruggi, Bartosz Pindor, B. F. Whiting, E. Saracco, David B. Tanner, F. Jiménez-Forteza, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, V. Fafone, J. Luan, F. Mokler, H. Yamamoto, H. R. Paris, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, J. Abadie, A. L. Lombardi, P. Charlton, R. K. Nayak, N. A. Gordon, P. J. Veitch, D. Hoak, D. Sentenac, C. Van Den Broeck, Patrick Brady, I. A. Bilenko, M. Jacobson, Zhen Liu, Roy Williams, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Malik Rakhmanov, Samuel Deléglise, B. Lantz, Philip Graff, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, Ilya Mandel, Xavier Siemens, Jonathan R. Gair, S. Grunewald, A. Staley, David J. Ottaway, N. A. Lockerbie, J. Worden, A. Nitz, L. Williams, A. Rüdiger, A. Le Roux, Tenglin Li, C. Buy, A. Viceré, A. C. Lin, Benjamin Canuel, Lutz Winkelmann, Daniel Vrinceanu, D. Simakov, Yi Chen, Paul J. Groot, Jan Harms, A. S. Sengupta, D. Schuette, V. Poole, Stephen S. Eikenberry, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, I. Kowalska, Thomas Dent, Vladimir Dergachev, E. Forsi, James Whelan, P. Ajith, M. Pedraza, M. Damjanic, F. Martelli, J. Steinlechner, John Veitch, Honam Yum, Stefaan Franco, R. Conte, B. K. Kim, R. L. Ward, G. Hemming, M. Cordier, Matthew Evans, Takehiko Mori, R. Riesen, J. C. Dumas, D. Passuello, Maria Alessandra Papa, F. Cavalier, G. Manca, Gijs Nelemans, J. Eichholz, Roland Schilling, Albert Lazzarini, M. MacInnis, E. D. Hall, R. M. S. Schofield, Hyun Lee, D. Fazi, P. Rapagnani, Jolien D. E. Creighton, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, S. Caride, Christian D. Ott, S. M. Koehlenbeck, Richard A. Matzner, Lindy Blackburn, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, K. Kokeyama, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, Collin Capano, S. H. Huttner, R. Inta, M. Tacca, Martin Hendry, J. Calderón Bustillo, C. Messenger, S. Klimenko, Christopher Wipf, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, B. Schulz, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, D. Buskulic, K. V. Tokmakov, J. Birch, D. J. Hosken, E. Coccia, F. Marion, N. Leroy, N. A. Robertson, V. Sandberg, B. A. Weaver, J. G. Rollins, L.-W. Wei, D. Rosińska, S. P. Tarabrin, V. Kondrashov, D. Bessis, M. Kasprzack, O. Torre, E. Cuoco, D. Ugolini, E. A. Quintero, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, J. C. Barayoga, Richard J. Abbott, Junwei Cao, G. Debreczeni, E. Schreiber, Alexander Khalaidovski, Y. Minenkov, D. Hammer, Ilya Belopolski, F. Carbognani, Chris Pankow, B. Mours, S. Verma, A. Mytidis, M. Lormand, A. Chiummo, W. Ortega Larcher, P. Fulda, Junghyun Lee, H. Wittel, T. Dal Canton, R. Passaquieti, M. Huynh, H. Radkins, Matthew Heintze, K. Haris, S. P. Vyachanin, M. Brinkmann, J. M. Berliner, Peter Kalmus, T. Williams, E. Macdonald, T. M. C. Abbott, David Coward, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, R. Bonnand, L. Sperandio, G. A. Prodi, J. C. Driggers, R. DeSalvo, Eric Oelker, Yi Pan, L. Austin, Laura Cadonati, C. Kucharczyk, Michael Thomas, J. R. Leong, Susan M. Scott, C. A. Brannen, Teviet Creighton, Chad Hanna, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, Shane L. Larson, Huan Yang, C. Wilkinson, D. Amariutei, F. Nocera, D. J. White, C. Zhao, C. Poux, Koji Arai, Michael L. Gorodetsky, Hartmut Grote, T. Denker, G. Losurdo, F. Cleva, F. Seifert, Peter Fritschel, M. Davier, Neil J. Cornish, S. Foley, Saranya Ghosh, K. Loew, M. Pichot, R. Kasturi, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, C. A. Costa, V. Malvezzi, M. Britzger, S. Kudla, L. Rolland, Namjun Kim, Fabrizio Barone, M. Mohan, N. Man, H. J. Jang, K. Haughian, Kazuhiro Hayama, D. Talukder, C. V. Torres, I. W. Harry, R. Gouaty, H. Zhu, David H. Shoemaker, Ajay Kumar, D. Verkindt, H. Fehrmann, L. Tang, M. T. Hartman, V. Kringel, S. Goßler, Tomasz Bulik, François Bondu, Fausto Acernese, Benjamin William Allen, G. Szeifert, Karsten Danzmann, P. Peiris, J. Breyer, C. Gray, M. Colombini, M. Punturo, M. Mantovani, Leopoldo Milano, Slawomir Gras, F. Magana-Sandoval, Denis Martynov, Vaibhav Tiwari, L. Pinard, J. Garcia, Federico Ferrini, G. Vajente, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, T. Reed, Jong H. Chow, A. Pasqualetti, Luca Gammaitoni, J. Macarthur, V. P. Mitrofanov, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, W. Del Pozzo, B. L. Swinkels, Trevor Sidery, H. Heitmann, Joshua Yablon, Timothy A Welborn, S. Frasca, Stephen Fairhurst, Grant David Meadors, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, Ettore Majorana, P. Ehrens, J. B. Lewis, M. Bitossi, G. Bergmann, K. Wette, John J. Oh, Timothy Evans, C. Adams, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, P. Campsie, Michelle E. Walker, G. Moreno, Fan Zhang, R. L. Savage, D. Nanda Kumar, A. S. Bell, T. Isogai, Ruth A. Anderson, M. Heurs, Reed Essick, B. Sorazu, F. Y. Khalili, A. Allocca, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, D. Lloyd, T. T. Fricke, M. Was, H. Vocca, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, Eric Howell, L. K. Nuttall, S. Gil-Casanova, G. Billingsley, L. Bosi, Travis Horrom, E. Goetz, S. Penn, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Department of Physics, Columbia University [New York], Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur ( OCA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences ( CIRES ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory ( ESRL ), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ), Laboratoire Biostatistique-Santé ( LBS ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Minnesota, University of Minnesota [Minneapolis], Dauphine Recherches en Management ( DRM ), Université Paris-Dauphine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ESPCI ParisTech, Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetaro ( IFSI ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Genewave, private, Departement of Phyiscs and Astronomy, University College London ( TAMPA ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon ( IRCELYON ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers ( IC2MP ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], LIGO, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Aasi, J., Abadie, J., Abbott, B., Abbott, R., Abbott, T., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adams, T., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amador Ceron, E., Amariutei, D., Anderson, R., Anderson, S., Anderson, W., Arai, K., Araya, M., Arceneaux, C., Areeda, J., Ast, S., Aston, S., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Austin, L., Aylott, B., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Barayoga, J., Barker, D., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, T. h., Bebronne, M., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Beker, M., Bell, A., Bell, C., Belopolski, I., Bergmann, G., Berliner, J., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Bessis, D., Betzwieser, J., Beyersdorf, P., Bhadbhade, T., Bilenko, I., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M., Black, E., Blackburn, J., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T., Boer, M., Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bowers, J., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P., Braginsky, V., Branchesi, M., Brannen, C., Brau, J., Breyer, J., Briant, T., Bridges, D., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A., Brown, D., Br?ckner, F., Bulik, T., Bulten, H., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Calder?n Bustillo, J., Calloni, Enrico, Camp, J., Campsie, P., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C., Carbognani, F., Carbone, L., Caride, S., Castiglia, A., Caudill, S., Cavagli?, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande Mottin, E., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, Antonino, Cho, H., Chow, J., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D., Clark, J., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. F., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Constancio, M., Conte, A., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C., Coughlin, M., Coulon, J. P., Countryman, S., Couvares, P., Coward, D., Cowart, M., Coyne, D., Craig, K., Creighton, J., Creighton, T., Crowder, S., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Dal Canton, T., Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S., D?antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Davies, G., Daw, E., Day, R., Dayanga, T., DE ROSA, Rosario, Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Del Pozzo, W., Deleeuw, E., Del?glise, S., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., Derosa, R., Desalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., D?az, M., Dietz, A., Dmitry, K., Donovan, F., Dooley, K., Doravari, S., Drago, M., Drever, R., Driggers, J., Du, Z., Dumas, J. C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S., Endr?czi, G., Essick, R., Etzel, T., Evans, K., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W., Favata, M., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L., Fiori, I., Fisher, R., Flaminio, R., Foley, E., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V., Fujimoto, M. K., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gair, J., Gammaitoni, L., Garcia, J., Garufi, Fabio, Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K., Giazotto, A., Gil Casanova, S., Gill, C., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., Gonz?lez, G., Gordon, N., Gorodetsky, M., Gossan, S., Go?ler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R., Gretarsson, A., Griffo, C., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G., Guido, C., Gushwa, K., Gustafson, E., Gustafson, R., Hall, B., Hall, E., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanke, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G., Harry, I., Harstad, E., Hartman, M., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Heefner, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I., Heptonstall, A., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K., Holt, K., Holtrop, M., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Horrom, T., Hosken, D., Hough, J., Howell, E., Hu, Y., Hua, Z., Huang, V., Huerta, E., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S., Huynh, M., Huynh Dinh, T., Iafrate, J., Ingram, D., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Iyer, B., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., James, E., Jang, H., Jang, Y., Jaranowski, P., Jim?nez Forteza, F., Johnson, W., Jones, D., Jones, R., Jonker, R., Ju, L., Haris, K., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J., Kasprzack, M., Kasturi, R., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kaufman, K., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., K?f?lian, F., Keitel, D., Kelley, D., Kells, W., Keppel, D., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F., Khazanov, E., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, W., Kim, Y. M., King, E., King, P., Kinzel, D., Kissel, J., Klimenko, S., Kline, J., Koehlenbeck, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Koranda, S., Korth, W., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kremin, A., Kringel, V., Kr?lak, A., Kucharczyk, C., Kudla, S., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kurdyumov, R., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Larson, S., Lasky, P., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Le Roux, A., Leaci, P., Lebigot, E., Lee, C. H., Lee, H., Lee, J., Leonardi, M., Leong, J., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levine, B., Lewis, J., Lhuillier, V., Li, T., Lin, A., Littenberg, T., Litvine, V., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lloyd, D., Lockerbie, N., Lockett, V., Lodhia, D., Loew, K., Logue, J., Lombardi, A., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., L?ck, H., Lundgren, A., Macarthur, J., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D., Magana Sandoval, F., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Manca, G., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., M?rka, S., M?rka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I., Martin, R., Martinelli, L., Martynov, D., Marx, J., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R., Mavalvala, N., May, G., Mazumder, N., Mazzolo, G., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D., Mcguire, S., Mcintyre, G., Mciver, J., Meacher, D., Meadors, G., Mehmet, M., Meidam, J., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M., Miao, H., Michel, C., Mikhailov, E., Milano, Leopoldo, Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mingarelli, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S., Mokler, F., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Mori, T., Morriss, S., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow Lowry, C., Mueller, C., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P., Mytidis, A., Nagy, M., Nanda Kumar, D., Nardecchia, I., Nash, T., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R., Necula, V., Nelemans, G., Neri, I., Neri, M., Newton, G., Nguyen, T., Nishida, E., Nishizawa, A., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M., Nuttall, L., Ochsner, E., O?dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G., Oh, J., Oh, S., Ohme, F., Oppermann, P., O?reilly, B., Ortega Larcher, W., O?shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C., Ottaway, D., Ottens, R., Ou, J., Overmier, H., Owen, B., Padilla, C., Pai, A., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Paoletti, R., Papa, M., Paris, H., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Pedraza, M., Peiris, P., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pinard, L., Pindor, B., Pinto, I., Pitkin, M., Poeld, J., Poggiani, R., Poole, V., Poux, C., Predoi, V., Prestegard, T., Price, L., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prodi, G., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E., Quitzow James, R., Raab, F., Rabeling, D., R?cz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajalakshmi, G., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Reed, C., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Robertson, N., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rodriguez, C., Rodruck, M., Roever, C., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J., Rosi?ska, D., Rowan, S., R?diger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J., Sannibale, V., Santiago Prieto, I., Saracco, E., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B., Saulson, P., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schulz, B., Schutz, B., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D., Shah, S., Shahriar, M., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D., Sidery, T., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B., Slutsky, J., Smith, J., Smith, M., Smith, R., Smith Lefebvre, N., Soden, K., Son, E., Sorazu, B., Souradeep, T., Sperandio, L., Staley, A., Steinert, E., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stevens, D., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K., Straniero, N., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A., Summerscales, T., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P., Swinkels, B., Szeifert, G., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tang, L., Tanner, D., Tarabrin, S., Taylor, R., ter Braack, A., Thirugnanasambandam, M., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K., Thrane, E., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K., Tomlinson, C., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C., Torrie, C., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tse, M., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., van den Brand, J., Van Den Broeck, C., van der Putten, S., van der Sluys, M., van Heijningen, J., van Veggel, A., Vass, S., Vas?th, M., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Verma, S., Vetrano, F., Vicer?, A., Vincent Finley, R., Vinet, J. Y., Vitale, S., Vlcek, B., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vousden, W., Vrinceanu, D., Vyachanin, S., Wade, A., Wade, L., Wade, M., Waldman, S., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Wan, Y., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, X., Wanner, A., Ward, R., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J., Whitcomb, S., White, D., Whiting, B., Wibowo, S., Wiesner, K., Wilkinson, C., Williams, L., Williams, R., Williams, T., Willis, J., Willke, B., Wimmer, M., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C., Yang, H., Yeaton Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yum, H., Yvert, M., Zadro?ny, A., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. P., Zhang, F., Zhang, L., Zhao, C., Zhu, H., Zhu, X., Zotov, N., Zucker, M., Zweizig, J., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Biostatistiques santé, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Minnesota System, Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario (IFSI), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Physics and Astronomy [Cardiff], University of Pennsylvania, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Departement of Phyiscs and Astronomy, University College London (TAMPA), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Biostatistique-Santé (LBS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astronomy, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, interferometers, black hole, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, FALLBACK, gravitational wave, QC, SUPERNOVA, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, QB, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), DISKS, ORIGIN, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, SUPERNOVAE, Supernova, Neutron-star, AFTERGLOWS, gravitational waves, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Gamma Ray Bursts, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], NEUTRON-STARS, SCIENCE RUN, LIGO OBSERVATIONS, BLACK-HOLES, VIRGO, IDENTIFICATION, ACCRETION, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, grb, LIMIT, [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Gravitational collapse, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Data Science, [ PHYS.ASTR.HE ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], LIGO, Accretion (astrophysics), Neutron star, 13. Climate action, BLACK-HOLE, JETS, RADIATION, 95.55.Ym, PACS numbers: 95.55.Ym, [ SDU.ASTR.HE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been linked to extreme core-collapse supernovae from massive stars. Gravitational waves (GW) offer a probe of the physics behind long GRBs. We investigate models of long-lived (~10-1000s) GW emission associated with the accretion disk of a collapsed star or with its protoneutron star remnant. Using data from LIGO's fifth science run, and GRB triggers from the swift experiment, we perform a search for unmodeled long-lived GW transients. Finding no evidence of GW emission, we place 90% confidence level upper limits on the GW fluence at Earth from long GRBs for three waveforms inspired by a model of GWs from accretion disk instabilities. These limits range from F, 14 pages, 4 figures

Published
2013

70. Inadequacies of the Fisher Information Matrix in gravitational-wave parameter estimation

Author

Carl L. Rodriguez, Ilya Mandel, Benjamin Farr, and Will M. Farr

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Markov chain, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Estimation theory, Monte Carlo method, FOS: Physical sciences, Markov chain Monte Carlo, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Prior probability, symbols, Applied mathematics, Limit (mathematics), 010306 general physics, Fisher information, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) has been the standard approximation to the accuracy of parameter estimation on gravitational-wave signals from merging compact binaries due to its ease-of-use and rapid computation time. While the theoretical failings of this method, such as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) limit on the validity of the lowest-order expansion and the difficulty of using non-Gaussian priors, are well understood, the practical effectiveness compared to a real parameter estimation technique (e.g. Markov-chain Monte Carlo) remains an open question. We present a direct comparison between the FIM error estimates and the Bayesian probability density functions produced by the parameter estimation code lalinference_mcmc. In addition to the low-SNR issues usually considered, we find that the FIM can greatly overestimate the uncertainty in parameter estimation achievable by the MCMC. This was found to be a systematic effect for systems composed of binary black holes, with the disagreement increasing with total mass. In some cases, the MCMC search returned standard deviations on the marginalized posteriors that were smaller by several orders of magnitude than the FIM estimates. We conclude that the predictions of the FIM do not represent the capabilities of real gravitational-wave parameter estimation., 17 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to PRD

Published
2013

71. Enhanced sensitivity of the LIGO gravitational wave detector by using squeezed states of light

Author

Ludovico Carbone, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, K. Wiesner, A. F. Brooks, R. Kurdyumov, S. Kandhasamy, Edwin J. Son, Jordan Camp, Alessandra Buonanno, D. Feldbaum, T. Meier, O. Bock, Stefan Hild, I. Yakushin, G. Mendell, G. Mazzolo, Ryan DeRosa, R. Engel, P. Wessels, T. Denker, L. Sammut, P. Leaci, D. Barker, D. Nolting, C. Aulbert, S. E. Whitcomb, A. Cumming, J. Bowers, Z. Frei, H. Zhu, A. M. Gretarsson, F. Mokler, David H. Shoemaker, Holger J. Pletsch, John Worden, J. K. Blackburn, C. Osthelder, Francesco Salemi, Sheila Rowan, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, A. S. Sengupta, Jöran Bauchrowitz, N. Beveridge, S. E. Dwyer, F. Magana-Sandoval, Satyanarayan Ray Pitambar Mohapatra, Honam Yum, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, M. T. Hartman, S. Roddy, Daniel Friedrich, Evan Goetz, Harald Lück, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, Jeffery Kline, Xuan Wang, J. D. Lough, C. J. Bell, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, E. Nishida, T. T. Fricke, Matthew Evans, J. Garcia, C. C. Arceneaux, Ilya Mandel, E. Deleeuw, Prayush Kumar, Jessica McIver, M. Factourovich, Rana X. Adhikari, B. Machenschalk, Alexander Khalaidovski, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, J. Betzwieser, R. Inta, Lee Samuel Finn, Stephen S. Eikenberry, B. K. Kim, R. L. Ward, C. Peralta, M. Shaltev, Peter Aufmuth, K. L. Dooley, F. Donovan, Lisa Barsotti, A. Stochino, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Yueh-Feng Liu, Chris Pankow, A. Singer, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, N. Zotov, K. Mason, J. N. Marx, László Á. Gergely, Gabriela Gonzalez, H. J. Jang, K. Haughian, B. Bland, C. Affeldt, K. Venkateswara, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, A. Nitz, S. Klimenko, Y. Wan, Evan Ochsner, A. Effler, Henning Kaufer, A. Perreca, A. J. Weinstein, Guenakh Mitselmakher, J. R. Leong, M. A. Barton, Carl L. Rodriguez, Laura Cadonati, Bastian Schulz, Richard A. Matzner, H. Yamamoto, H. R. Paris, R. Taylor, Steve Drasco, T. Huynh-Dinh, J. B. Kanner, A. M. Sergeev, H. Overmier, Kazuhiro Hayama, D. Talukder, C. V. Torres, I. W. Harry, F. Brückner, E. Amador Ceron, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, Bala R. Iyer, P. T. Baker, Meng Wang, D. Sellers, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, S. Privitera, T. Etzel, T. Reed, M. Damjanic, T. P. Bodiya, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. V. van der Sluys, M. S. Shahriar, Sunil Susmithan, Robert Stone, Q. Chu, Xavier Siemens, Salvatore Vitale, Jolien D. E. Creighton, S. Caride, Lindy Blackburn, M. Landry, S. Doravari, H. P. Daveloza, Scott Koranda, Albrecht Rüdiger, Hyun Lee, Christian D. Ott, K. Holt, Mallory S. E. Roberts, Fabio Postiglione, J. S. Kissel, L. Matone, V. Sandberg, V. Lhuillier, C. S. Unnikrishnan, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, Marc Favata, P. Kwee, K. A. Thorne, W. Z. Korth, Susan M. Scott, Hyung Mok Lee, Teviet Creighton, Stephen Fairhurst, Kieran Craig, Christopher John Messenger, Chad Hanna, Zhen Liu, Yi Chen, Xing-Jiang Zhu, V. P. Mitrofanov, V. Raymond, A. S. Stroeer, J. C. Batch, Badri Krishnan, B. J. J. Slagmolen, D. Hoak, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Jonathan R. Gair, A. Grant, Roger Jones, A. R. Wade, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Patrick Brady, N. A. Gordon, D. D. Brown, C. R. Ramet, P. J. Veitch, Bernard F. Whiting, J. R. Sanders, Rainer Weiss, R. W. P. Drever, Manuel Meyer, T. D. Abbott, Trevor Sidery, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, David Jones, D. Amariutei, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, W. W. Johnson, N. A. Lockerbie, L. Wallace, Riccardo Bassiri, Joshua Yablon, C. Wilkinson, K. A. Hodge, V. Kringel, J. Breyer, L. Zhang, C. Gray, D. Fazi, Imre Bartos, D. J. White, E. Maros, C. Zhao, Alicia M. Sintes, C. Poux, Marco Cavaglia, Patrick J. Sutton, M-K. Fujimoto, P. Thomas, Archana Pai, M. Jacobson, B. Moe, Odylio D. Aguiar, H. Radkins, R. Frey, S. H. Huttner, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, D. Atkinson, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, David Blair, Y. J. Jang, Seiji Kawamura, E. A. Huerta, D. H. Reitze, B. Behnke, B. M. Levine, P. J. King, W. Parkinson, B. Shapiro, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, D. Ugolini, Ping Koy Lam, T. Bhadbhade, Elizabeth Harstad, Thomas Dent, S. Márka, A. G. Wiseman, D. Simakov, D. L. Jones, Chi-Woong Kim, V. Litvine, A. W. Heptonstall, C. T. Y. Chung, Peter R. Saulson, Michael E Zucker, Namjun Kim, F. Seifert, Andrew Melatos, Peter Fritschel, Vladimir Dergachev, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, Jacob Slutsky, Erik Katsavounidis, J. H. Romie, M. Brinkmann, J. M. Berliner, G. Santostasi, L. Cunningham, T. Nash, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Malik Rakhmanov, M. J. Lubinski, K. Evans, L. Williams, A. Le Roux, Michael W. Coughlin, David Coward, R. Gustafson, E. Forsi, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, A. Dietz, James Whelan, P. Ajith, M. Lormand, R. Abbott, G. H. Ogin, J. Aasi, Kenneth A. Strain, A. Kremin, Y. Bao, A. Castiglia, L. G. Prokhorov, S. Foley, M. Prijatelj, M. Huynh, D. C. Coyne, K. Grover, K. Izumi, Saranya Ghosh, G. Kang, M. C. Araya, J. Wang, Kyungmin Kim, M. Cordier, B. O'Reilly, Vaibhav Tiwari, Kipp Cannon, M. Born, K. Mailand, R. S. Ottens, G. May, Jan Hendrik Pöld, M. E. Normandin, C. Lawrie, B. E. Aylott, K. Loew, E. Jesse, Tobias Eberle, S. Giampanis, Rajesh Kumar, Vladimir B. Braginsky, R. Riesen, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, N. Fotopoulos, M. Weinert, Roland Schilling, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, P. G. Murray, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, L. Rodriguez, M. Mageswaran, S. Verma, A. Mytidis, Andreas Freise, Vincenzo Pierro, E. Macdonald, Paul D. Lasky, M. Pickenpack, Alexander Wanner, R. DeSalvo, J. Logue, Eric Oelker, A. L. Stuver, Jordi Burguet-Castell, R. Kasturi, G. Traylor, Yi Pan, Thomas Corbitt, C. A. Costa, M. Holtrop, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, Joshua L. Willis, Matthew Pitkin, S. Sankar, H. Fehrmann, Michael L. Gorodetsky, M. J. Cowart, T. Westphal, Katrin Dahl, Benjamin William Allen, C. M. Reed, C. Griffo, J. Zweizig, S. P. Tarabrin, R. Wooley, V. Huang, J. C. Barayoga, Sebastian Steinlechner, J. H. Hough, S. T. Countryman, Roman Schnabel, Carlos Kozameh, Douglas R. Cook, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, P. Shawhan, John Miller, T. Prestegard, Anton B. Ivanov, G. Szeifert, Karsten Danzmann, Marco Aurelio Diaz, D. Martinov, Samuel J. Waldman, Vicky Kalogera, Larry R. Price, P. Charlton, C. Bogan, Tarun Souradeep, S. C. McGuire, Michele Zanolin, C. L. Mueller, Slawomir Gras, W. D. Vousden, Vuk Mandic, V. Necula, I. Santiago-Prieto, K. McAuley, V. V. Frolov, T. Vo, M. Constancio Junior, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, Sebastien Biscans, Efim A. Khazanov, Moritz Mehmet, D. R. Ingram, Phil Willems, M. Phelps, M. Wade, J. J. Lee, I. A. Bilenko, O. Puncken, Hartmut Grote, C. Padilla, Jong H. Chow, J. A. Giaime, Y. M. Kim, Charlotte Bond, G. D. Hammond, G. Gelencser, Carlos Cepeda, Stefan Ast, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, F. Clara, Thomas N. Williams, J. Macarthur, M. Tse, David J. Ottaway, A. C. Lin, D. B. Kelley, G. R. Skelton, Eric Thrane, Andrew Lundgren, Stanislav Babak, Neil J. Cornish, Zhihui Du, Shaun Hooper, M. H. Wimmer, Duncan A. Brown, G. McIntyre, D. M. Macleod, Leo Singer, Eric W. James, J. Ou, I. Di Palma, D. Lodhia, J. C. Dumas, Shiuh Chao, Timothy A Welborn, Sarah Caudill, R. Quitzow-James, F. Ohme, B. Daudert, J. Heefner, Albert Lazzarini, Matthew Abernathy, Qi Fang, Kasem Mossavi, Takao Mori, Gregory M. Harry, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, P. Raffai, J. Hanks, K. Kokeyama, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, N. Gehrels, P. Oppermann, Michele Vallisneri, Fumiko Kawazoe, B. J. Kuper, Ik Siong Heng, S. Steplewski, Grant David Meadors, Emma L. Robinson, Roy Williams, J. Birch, C. Tomlinson, Stefan Goßler, C. Graef, J. G. Rollins, Soma Mukherjee, Drew Keppel, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, G. Manca, Subhabrata Mitra, Nergis Mavalvala, Kris Ryan, E. A. Quintero, P. Ehrens, H-S. Cho, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, V. Kondrashov, Z. Shao, L. E. Wade, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, G. Bergmann, Joseph Gleason, H. Wittel, K. Wette, Matthew Heintze, John J. Oh, R. K. Nayak, C. Adams, J. C. Driggers, L. Austin, C. Kucharczyk, Michael Thomas, D. Sigg, F. J. Raab, S. W. Ballmer, C-H. Lee, Huan Yang, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, Koji Arai, Lutz Winkelmann, Fan Zhang, D. Nanda Kumar, Douglas E. Stevens, Jessica Steinlechner, M. Heurs, Reed Essick, B. Sorazu, T. Z. Summerscales, John Veitch, M. MacInnis, Alberto Vecchio, Will M. Farr, K. Buckland, B. Hughey, S. E. Gossan, D. Moraru, D. Yeaton-Massey, David Keitel, Suvadeep Bose, Z. Márka, E. Steinert, M. R. Smith, M. Edwards, T. Hong, S. R. Morriss, Alessandra Corsi, E. J. Daw, Paolo Addesso, K. D. Giardina, C. Gill, M. Rodruck, S. B. Anderson, Ruslan Vaulin, David B. Tanner, M. Pedraza, Maria Alessandra Papa, Collin Capano, N. A. Robertson, D. Hammer, K. Haris, Peter Kalmus, B. Lantz, Philip Graff, Michael Britzger, Ben C. Buchler, R. M. S. Schofield, Benjamin J. Owen, Martin Hendry, Christopher Wipf, K. V. Tokmakov, Martin Hewitson, Junwei Cao, Sanichiro Yoshida, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Daniel A. Shaddock, J. Hanson, M. Stefszky, Guido Mueller, David Murphy, J. Abadie, A. L. Lombardi, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, T. Isogai, P. Fulda, F. Y. Khalili, Eric Howell, L. K. Nuttall, S. Gil-Casanova, G. Billingsley, M. Was, S. Grunewald, T. Adams, D. B. Kozak, C. Vorvick, Theodore A. Evans, Maik Frede, P. Schwinberg, C. C. Yancey, W. G. Anderson, Giacomo Ciani, A. Mullavey, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, S. Vass, R. Vincent-Finley, Fabrice Matichard, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, Jesper Munch, M. A. Frei, S. Penn, D. Schuette, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Lincoln Laboratory, LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology), MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, LVC Collaboration, The, Pierro, V., and Pinto, I. M.

Subjects
Gravitational-wave observatory, Astronomy, Ciencias Físicas, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Gravitational-wave astronomy, NOISE, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Optics, Sensitivity, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Electronic, Quantum metrology, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, QC, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, QB, Physics, Gravitational Waves, Quantum Physics, Einstein Telescope, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, METROLOGY, LIGO, Astronomía, Detection, Ligo, and Optics, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), QUANTUM, INTERFEROMETER, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Squeezed coherent state, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract

Nearly a century after Einstein first predicted the existence of gravitational waves, a global network of Earth-based gravitational wave observatories1,2,3,4 is seeking to directly detect this faint radiation using precision laser interferometry. Photon shot noise, due to the quantum nature of light, imposes a fundamental limit on the attometre-level sensitivity of the kilometre-scale Michelson interferometers deployed for this task. Here, we inject squeezed states to improve the performance of one of the detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) beyond the quantum noise limit, most notably in the frequency region down to 150 Hz, critically important for several astrophysical sources, with no deterioration of performance observed at any frequency. With the injection of squeezed states, this LIGO detector demonstrated the best broadband sensitivity to gravitational waves ever achieved, with important implications for observing the gravitational-wave Universe with unprecedented sensitivity Fil: Aasi, J.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Abadie, J.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Abbott, P.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Abbott, R.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Abbott, T. D.. State University of Louisiana; Estados Unidos Fil: Kozameh, Carlos Nicolas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Winkelmann, L.. Max Planck Institut f¨ur Gravitationsphysik; Alemania. Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover; Alemania Fil: Winkler, W.. Max Planck Institut f¨ur Gravitationsphysik; Alemania. Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover; Alemania Fil: Wip, C. C.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Wittel, H.. Max Planck Institut f¨ur Gravitationsphysik; Alemania. Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover; Alemania Fil: Woan, G.. University of Glasgow; Reino Unido Fil: Wooley, R.. Livingston Observatory; Estados Unidos Fil: Worden, J.. Hanford Observatory; Estados Unidos Fil: Yablon, J.. Northwestern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Yakushin, I.. Livingston Observatory; Estados Unidos Fil: Yamamoto, H.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Yancey, C. C.. University of Maryland; Estados Unidos Fil: Yang, H.. Caltech-CaRT; Estados Unidos Fil: Yeaton Massey, D.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Yoshida, S.. Southeastern Louisiana University; Estados Unidos Fil: Yum, H.. Northwestern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Zanolin, M.. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhang, F.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhang, L.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhao, C.. University of Western Australia; Australia Fil: Zhu, H.. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhu, X. J.. University of Western Australia; Australia Fil: Zotov, N.. Louisiana Tech University; Estados Unidos Fil: Zucker, M. E.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Zweizig, J.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos

Published
2013

72. Einstein@Home all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in LIGO S5 data

Author

R. L. Ward, N. Letendre, A. Langley, S. Penn, P. J. Sutton, F. Paoletti, J. H. Romie, G. Kuehn, L. Cunningham, F. J. Raab, R. Cavalieri, P. Ruggi, Laura Cadonati, Benjamin Aylott, G. Kang, M. Jacobson, R. Gustafson, Michael L. Gorodetsky, T. Westphal, J. Franc, S. Giampanis, M. Di Paolo Emilio, E. Tournefier, A. Basti, S. E. Strigin, J.-P. Coulon, Jens Birch, Z. Frei, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, V. Dattilo, Stefan Hild, H. Müller-Ebhardt, A. Brillet, K. Kaufman, Susan M. Scott, Teviet Creighton, M. Born, K. Mailand, Hyun-Chul Kim, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, C. T. Y. Chung, Michael E Zucker, J. Zweizig, David H. Shoemaker, Holger J. Pletsch, D. Verkindt, M. V. Plissi, C. Griffo, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Malik Rakhmanov, J. Worden, L. Williams, D. Ugolini, J.-D. Fournier, Sebastian Steinlechner, Chad Hanna, C. Wilkinson, M. Lormand, Kipp Cannon, R. S. Ottens, M. T. Hartman, V. Kringel, I. Di Palma, B. Behnke, V. Necula, R. Paoletti, I. Santiago-Prieto, Hartmut Grote, R. Passaquieti, M. Branchesi, G. Losurdo, J. C. Batch, K. A. Hodge, Jong H. Chow, A. Pasqualetti, J. Macarthur, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, Riccardo Sturani, K. Venkateswara, E. Forsi, S. Braccini, V. Litvine, T. Bhadbade, G. Cagnoli, S. Chung, M. E. Normandin, Zoltán Keresztes, E. Jesse, R. Riesen, V. V. Frolov, Neil J. Cornish, P. E. Lindquist, G. A. Prodi, Alexander Wanner, Rahul Biswas, I. Fiori, Mirko Prato, F. Robinet, C. J. Bell, Robert Stone, A. Di Virgilio, D. Amariutei, F. Nocera, D. J. White, C. Zhao, Alicia M. Sintes, C. Poux, D. Fazi, F. Piergiovanni, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, L. Palladino, N. Zotov, K. Mason, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, Andrew Melatos, Elena Cesarini, M. Pihlaja, Tomasz Bulik, P. G. Murray, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, J. H. Hough, B. Bouhou, Douglas R. Cook, Michele Zanolin, V. Kalogera, B. L. Swinkels, C. Graef, Timothy A Welborn, E. Amador Ceron, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, M. Prijatelj, Xavier Siemens, Roy Williams, D. H. Reitze, L. Taffarello, G. Gelencser, M. Davier, A. Conte, A. Viceré, Yi Chen, Ilya Belopolski, A. Di Lieto, M. Vasúth, S. Márka, A. Mytidis, N. Beveridge, M. Blom, T. Regimbau, C. I. Torrie, S. P. Tarabrin, J. C. Barayoga, Richard J. Abbott, D. R. Ingram, Phil Willems, Stanislav Babak, Kenneth A. Strain, Jordan Camp, D. Feldbaum, T. Meier, P. Puppo, S. Sankar, Marco Aurelio Diaz, C. Bogan, François Bondu, V. Malvezzi, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Charlotte Bond, G. D. Hammond, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Hee-Suk Cho, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, A. M. Cruise, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, S. Vitale, Grant David Meadors, T. Isogai, Tenglin Li, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, H. J. Bulten, Seiji Kawamura, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, A. F. Brooks, Y. Wan, Duncan A. Brown, N. A. Robertson, C. N. Colacino, W. Chen, D. Hammer, Kyungmin Kim, Y. J. Jang, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, B. O'Reilly, F. Y. Khalili, G. Mazzolo, V. Lhuillier, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, T. T. Fricke, Harald Lück, Paul Fulda, M. Britzger, Ilya Mandel, E. Macdonald, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, B. K. Kim, Richard A. Matzner, Eric Thrane, G. McIntyre, Leo Singer, Riccardo Bassiri, E. Maros, A. E. Villar, Roberto Conte, Nergis Mavalvala, J. Aasi, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, M. Shaltev, D. S. Rabeling, Vuk Mandic, Eric Oelker, Yi Pan, Peter Aufmuth, A. Singer, M. A. Barton, Carl L. Rodriguez, Sascha Husa, Eric W. James, F. Garufi, L. Rolland, Fabrizio Barone, M. Mohan, D. Rosińska, Jerome Degallaix, Rana X. Adhikari, Jordi Burguet-Castell, J. P. Zendri, A. Allocca, H. Yamamoto, C. Michel, C. Aulbert, Sarah Caudill, D. Simakov, Scott Koranda, R. Quitzow-James, R. Day, L. Matone, Gregory M. Harry, R. G. Oldenberg, Sunil Susmithan, N. Man, J. Heefner, Rocco Romano, A. Effler, T. Accadia, K. Haughian, B. Daudert, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, J. N. Marx, László Á. Gergely, V. Re, Ho-Gyu Lee, Kevin M. Ryan, Piotr Jaranowski, Matthew Evans, A. Gennai, Badri Krishnan, M. Holtrop, Katrin Dahl, H. Kaufer, Meng Wang, A. R. Wade, D.B. DeBra, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, E. Goetz, T. Dent, Mallory S. E. Roberts, Kazuhiro Hayama, J. Logue, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, A. Giazotto, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, Peter Kalmus, Virginio Sannibale, J. R. Leong, B. Machenschalk, R. A. Mercer, David E. McClelland, F. Donovan, R. Inta, J. H. Clayton, B. F. Whiting, S. Dorsher, C. Bradaschia, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, D. Passuello, F. Cleva, Ik Siong Heng, A. Rüdiger, S. Steplewski, Hyun Lee, M. Galimberti, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, V. Raymond, Fan Zhang, C. Van Den Broeck, Jonathan R. Gair, M. Pichot, S. Klimenko, M. Was, Th. S. Bauer, Christian D. Ott, C. Palomba, S. Privitera, I. Yakushin, L. Sammut, Fabio Postiglione, P. Charlton, P. Kwee, Ruxandra Bondarescu, S. E. Whitcomb, S. C. McGuire, K. A. Thorne, G. Mendell, J. A. Giaime, N. A. Lockerbie, Y. M. Kim, Emma L. Robinson, O. Puncken, John Nelson, D. Talukder, C. V. Torres, I. Leonor, C. Messenger, A. M. Sergeev, F. Seifert, D. Friedrich, C. Lawrie, H. Vocca, P. Astone, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, S. Ast, I. W. Harry, R. Gouaty, C. M. Reed, F. Marion, N. Leroy, V. Kondrashov, M. Kasprzack, Peter Fritschel, Ping Koy Lam, G. Debreczeni, I. A. Bilenko, David J. Ottaway, Vladimir Dergachev, James Whelan, P. Ajith, A. P. M. ter Braack, M. Bastarrika, M. J. Cowart, Y. Minenkov, Y. Bao, P. J. Veitch, John Miller, S. Foley, Shaun Hooper, D. F. Menéndez, T. Prestegard, Saranya Ghosh, R. De Rosa, V. Loriette, R. Schilling, M. Bebronne, Jonah Kanner, A. Morgia, Alessandra Corsi, M. Cordier, D. B. Kelley, Zhihui Du, H. Wittel, M. S. Meyer, W. Z. Korth, Xiaomin Wang, P. Wessels, A. L. Stuver, Ludovico Carbone, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, R. Kurdyumov, R. Kasturi, Matthew P. Edgar, Namjun Kim, Enrico Calloni, E. J. Daw, G. Traylor, J. C. Driggers, Thomas Corbitt, L. Naticchioni, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, F. Frasconi, A. S. Stroeer, Carlos Cepeda, Jessica McIver, Robert J. McCarthy, J. C. Dumas, Rosa Poggiani, V. Herrera, Albert Lazzarini, Anton B. Ivanov, Samuel J. Waldman, M. Tonelli, Larry R. Price, Takao Mori, C. Osthelder, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, Jesper Munch, J. Li, David Jones, Marco Cavaglia, P. Raffai, M. A. Bizouard, J. Hanks, S. Van Der Putten, Ranjan Gupta, M. Heurs, Huan Yang, Koji Arai, C. R. Ramet, R. Flaminio, K. Kokeyama, Rainer Weiss, S. D'Antonio, M. A. Frei, E. Saracco, C. Tomlinson, C. A. Costa, Soma Mukherjee, Fausto Acernese, F. Ricci, J. Breyer, Alessandra Buonanno, Paolo Addesso, K. D. Giardina, C. Gill, S. Doravari, Igor Neri, Linqing Wen, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, Prayush Kumar, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, R. W. P. Drever, Drew Keppel, C. Gray, P. Baker, B. Moe, M. Damjanic, E. Coccia, M. Rodruck, J. G. Rollins, C. L. Mueller, Yueh-Feng Liu, S. Grunewald, M. Mantovani, B. Sorazu, A. Thüring, A. C. Melissinos, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, Gabriela Gonzalez, Ettore Majorana, D. Keitel, L. G. Prokhorov, J. M. Hallam, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Kentaro Somiya, M. Brinkmann, Matthew West, W. W. Johnson, Amanda J. Page, D. Lodhia, P. Ehrens, C-H. Lee, S. B. Anderson, Joseph Gleason, V. Fafone, G. R. Skelton, Andrew Lundgren, G. Santostasi, Ruslan Vaulin, David B. Tanner, M. Bitossi, Maik Frede, B. Mours, M. C. Araya, S. Kandhasamy, A. Chiummo, M. Factourovich, M. E. Gáspár, A. K. Zadrożny, K. Wette, Ryan DeRosa, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, John J. Oh, Timothy Evans, C. Vorvick, V. Brisson, M. Sung, C. Adams, A. Khalaidovski, R. Engel, V. Boschi, Joseph D. Romano, B. Bland, T. Etzel, H. P. Daveloza, Moritz Mehmet, B. Lantz, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, David Blair, F. Salemi, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, Philip Graff, R. M. Cutler, M. Pedraza, J. Steinlechner, P. Campsie, P. Leaci, A. Colla, Luca Gammaitoni, Kasem Mossavi, P. Thomas, D. Nolting, L. Bonelli, P. Schwinberg, Stefaan Franco, Maria Alessandra Papa, C. C. Yancey, G. Moreno, F. Cavalier, A. Nitz, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, Karoline Wiesner, R. M. S. Schofield, T. Eberle, Erik Katsavounidis, Giacomo Ciani, A. Mullavey, B. P. Abbott, Matthew Benacquista, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, D. Barker, Benjamin J. Owen, F. Martelli, J. F. J. van den Brand, Collin Capano, S. Vass, S. Frasca, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, M. Tacca, C. Affeldt, Martin Hendry, Christopher Wipf, Douglas H Beck, G. Szeifert, K. V. Tokmakov, Gianluca Persichetti, Fabrice Matichard, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, R. Taylor, J. Slutsky, Imre Bartos, M. J. Lubinski, Jolien D. E. Creighton, Karsten Danzmann, M. Colombini, Martin Hewitson, Junwei Cao, N. Morgado, K. Evans, Stephen Fairhurst, S. Caride, Lindy Blackburn, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, Sanichiro Yoshida, T. P. Bodiya, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, M. Punturo, Leopoldo Milano, S. Roddy, C. Buy, Graham Woan, K. Holt, Tristan Briant, T. Nash, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, Rajesh Kumar, G. Endroczi, Chunglee Kim, V. Sandberg, S. Mosca, M. Vavoulidis, Vladimir B. Braginsky, Jeffery Kline, G. H. Ogin, L. Pinard, J. D. Lough, B. Schulz, H. Vahlbruch, H. Fehrmann, J. Garcia, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, F. Carbognani, Federico Ferrini, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, G. Vajente, Bernard F. Schutz, O. Bock, N. Fotopoulos, István Rácz, Li Ju, D. Moraru, Daniel A. Shaddock, Lee Samuel Finn, K. L. Dooley, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, J. Hanson, M. Stefszky, M. Weinert, D. Yeaton-Massey, T. Reed, Lisa Barsotti, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, J.-F. Hayau, M. Yvert, T. D. Abbott, Guido Mueller, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, W. Del Pozzo, P. F. Cohadon, Trevor Sidery, H. Heitmann, B. Rankins, Joshua Yablon, Alessandra Toncelli, David Murphy, R. J. G. Jonker, L. Wallace, H. Radkins, F. Vetrano, A. Królak, M. H. Wimmer, R. Frey, J. Abadie, Evan Ochsner, S. E. Dwyer, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, J. M. Berliner, A. J. Weinstein, J. Pöld, A. G. Wiseman, David Coward, Sheon Chua, P. T. Beyersdorf, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, R. Bonnand, L. Sperandio, Suvadeep Bose, Z. Márka, D. C. Coyne, K. Grover, Jan Harms, M. Landry, K. Izumi, Satyanarayan Ray Pitambar Mohapatra, L. Di Fiore, E. Steinert, M. R. Smith, Eric Howell, M. Edwards, M. Pickenpack, M. Barsuglia, A. Rocchi, L. K. Nuttall, D. Buskulic, F. Kawazoe, O. Torre, E. Cuoco, S. Gil-Casanova, M. R. Abernathy, Nico Lastzka, G. Billingsley, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, A. Grant, T. Hong, L. Bosi, A. Cumming, E. Genin, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, L. Zhang, M. Agathos, S. R. Morriss, Alberto Vecchio, A. M. Gretarsson, J. Bauchrowitz, Roman Schnabel, A. Dietz, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, J. E. Brau, B. Canuel, A. A. van Veggel, Sheila Rowan, Lutz Winkelmann, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Todd Adams, Fiona C. Speirits, B. Hughey, M. Phelps, John Veitch, C. Titsler, F. Clara, M. MacInnis, P. Rapagnani, Andreas Freise, Vincenzo Pierro, Matthew Pitkin, R. Wooley, M. Wade, M. Granata, M. Parisi, M. G. Beker, T. Huynh-Dinh, Dustin Anderson, J. S. Kissel, Marc Favata, K. Yamamoto, L. E. Wade, Roger Jones, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Michael W. Coughlin, M. Mageswaran, J. Betzwieser, Antoine Heidmann, H. Overmier, D. Sellers, D. Hoak, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, Zhi Liu, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux ( ARTEMIS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Aasi, J., Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amador Ceron, E., Amariutei, D., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Ast, S., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Bao, Y., Barayoga, J. C. B., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Basti, A., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, T. h. S., Bebronne, M., Beck, D., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Beker, M. G., Bell, A. S., Bell, C., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Berliner, J. M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bhadbade, T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Briant, T., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet Castell, J., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Calloni, Enrico, Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Carbone, L., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chalermsongsak, T., Charlton, P., Chassande Mottin, E., Chen, W., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Chow, J., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. E., Clark, J. A., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. F., Colacino, C. N., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, A., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Coulon, J. P., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Cutler, R. M., Dahl, K., Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S. L., D’Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., DE ROSA, Rosario, Debra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Del Pozzo, W., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., Derosa, R., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Paolo Emilio, M., Di Virgilio, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorsher, S., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Dumas, J. C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Endrőczi, G., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, K., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Farr, B. F., Favata, M., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. D., Franc, J., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M. A., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fujimoto, M. K., Fulda, P. J., Fyffe, M., Gair, J., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Garcia, J., Garufi, Fabio, Gáspár, M. E., Gelencser, G., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L. Á., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gil Casanova, S., Gill, C., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., González, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Griffo, C., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C., Gupta, R., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hartman, M. T., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayau, J. F., Heefner, J., Heidmann, A., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hendry, M. A., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Herrera, V., Heurs, M., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Holtrop, M., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh Dinh, T., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., James, E., Jang, Y. J., Jaranowski, P., Jesse, E., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kasprzack, M., Kasturi, R., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kaufman, K., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Keitel, D., Kelley, D., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Keresztes, Z., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, B. K., Kim, C., Kim, H., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, Y. M., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kurdyumov, R., Kwee, P., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Langley, A., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Leong, J. R., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Lhuillier, V., Li, J., T. G. F., Li, Lindquist, P. E., Litvine, V., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Logue, J., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J., Lubinski, M., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Macarthur, J., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., Mazzolo, G., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mcguire, S. C., Mcintyre, G., Mciver, J., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Menéndez, D. F., Mercer, R. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mingarelli, C. M. F., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Mori, T., Morriss, S. R., Mosca, S., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. 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Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Barsotti, Lisa, Bodiya, Timothy Paul, Corbitt, Thomas R., Donovan, Frederick J., Evans, Matthew J., Fritschel, Peter K., Katsavounidis, Erotokritos, Kissel, Jeffrey S., Kwee, Patrick, MacInnis, Myron E., Matichard, Fabrice, Mavalvala, Nergis, Mittleman, Richard K., Oelker, Eric Glenn, Shoemaker, David H., Vaulin, Ruslan, Wipf, Christopher, Zucker, Michael E., Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, and The Virgo Collaboration

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), gravitational waves, pulsar, interferometers, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, general relativity, Range (statistics), PACS number: 04.80.Nn, PACS numbers: 95.55.Ym, PACS number: 97.60.Gb, PACS number: 07.05.Kf, NEUTRON-STAR, HOUGH TRANSFORM, PULSAR, RADIATION, EMISSION, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, QB, media_common, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Physics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 3. Good health, Neutron-star, Amplitude, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gravitation, Einstein@Home, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, LIGO, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Sky, [ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

This paper presents results of an all-sky searches for periodic gravitational waves in the frequency range [50, 1190] Hz and with frequency derivative ranges of [-2 x 10^-9, 1.1 x 10^-10] Hz/s for the fifth LIGO science run (S5). The novelty of the search lies in the use of a non-coherent technique based on the Hough-transform to combine the information from coherent searches on timescales of about one day. Because these searches are very computationally intensive, they have been deployed on the Einstein@Home distributed computing project infrastructure. The search presented here is about a factor 3 more sensitive than the previous Einstein@Home search in early S5 LIGO data. The post-processing has left us with eight surviving candidates. We show that deeper follow-up studies rule each of them out. Hence, since no statistically significant gravitational wave signals have been detected, we report upper limits on the intrinsic gravitational wave amplitude h0. For example, in the 0.5 Hz-wide band at 152.5 Hz, we can exclude the presence of signals with h0 greater than 7.6 x 10^-25 with a 90% confidence level., 29 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables. Science summary page at http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-FullS5EatH/index.php ; Public access area to figures and tables at https://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=p1200026

Published
2013

73. Parameter estimation for compact binary coalescence signals with the first generation gravitational-wave detector network

Author

R. De Rosa, Laura Cadonati, Rana X. Adhikari, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, B. Machenschalk, F. Donovan, V. Lhuillier, Susan M. Scott, Teviet Creighton, G. McIntyre, D. Lodhia, Maik Frede, Chad Hanna, M. Branchesi, J. C. Batch, K. A. Hodge, A. K. Zadrożny, V. Boschi, V. Malvezzi, M. Bebronne, Carl-Johan Haster, N. Morgado, L. Rolland, Fabrizio Barone, M. Mohan, N. Man, K. Haughian, Ludovico Carbone, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, E. Goetz, T. Dent, Kazuhiro Hayama, D. Talukder, C. V. Torres, I. W. Harry, R. Gouaty, M. Factourovich, J. Betzwieser, Antoine Heidmann, Leo Singer, L. Naticchioni, M. A. Barton, Carl L. Rodriguez, Sascha Husa, Meng Wang, C. Wilkinson, D. Amariutei, Janyce Franc, David H. Shoemaker, Holger J. Pletsch, D. Verkindt, R. L. Ward, P. J. Sutton, J. H. Romie, R. Kurdyumov, A. F. Brooks, Lutz Winkelmann, Kasem Mossavi, M. T. Hartman, V. Kringel, M. Pihlaja, Tomasz Bulik, François Bondu, Fausto Acernese, V. Kondrashov, H. Overmier, S. Kandhasamy, N. A. Robertson, C. N. Colacino, Jordan Camp, R. G. Oldenberg, D.B. DeBra, S. Braccini, V. Litvine, T. Bhadbade, J. Breyer, C. Gray, G. Kuehn, L. Cunningham, Alessandra Buonanno, M. Mantovani, Kentaro Somiya, M. Brinkmann, F. J. Raab, F. Garufi, G. Santostasi, F. Nocera, D. J. White, C. Zhao, Fiona C. Speirits, John Veitch, D. Sellers, C. Affeldt, D. Hammer, Y. Minenkov, D. Feldbaum, T. Meier, A. Morgia, Fabio Postiglione, S. Chung, C. Poux, R. Gustafson, M. E. Normandin, Eric Howell, I. Yakushin, L. Sammut, Zoltán Keresztes, F. Cleva, C. Titsler, Sunil Susmithan, R. Taylor, W. Chen, W. Z. Korth, P. Wessels, L. Pinard, J. Garcia, Jong H. Chow, A. Pasqualetti, S. E. Whitcomb, P. Kwee, K. A. Thorne, S. Giampanis, A. Gennai, H. Wittel, Federico Ferrini, S. Penn, D. Barker, T. P. Bodiya, G. Vajente, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, M. A. Bizouard, V. Loriette, L. K. Nuttall, M. MacInnis, S. Gil-Casanova, M. R. Abernathy, F. Frasconi, A. S. Stroeer, Peter Kalmus, P. Rapagnani, F. Seifert, Peter Fritschel, T. 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Bilenko, Ik Siong Heng, A. Rüdiger, David J. Ottaway, J. F. J. van den Brand, M. Tacca, V. V. Frolov, Martin Hendry, Christopher Wipf, K. V. Tokmakov, Richard A. Matzner, Lindy Blackburn, B. Bouhou, C. Robinson, Douglas R. Cook, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, Piotr Jaranowski, Florent Robinet, Matthew West, C. Messenger, Riccardo Paoletti, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, David Blair, M. Parisi, M. G. Beker, S. Steplewski, Emma L. Robinson, Fan Zhang, Michele Zanolin, Martin Hewitson, Junwei Cao, Benjamin William Allen, G. Szeifert, Karsten Danzmann, M. Colombini, V. Kalogera, Stephen Fairhurst, Joseph Gleason, M. Galimberti, V. Sandberg, D. H. Reitze, F. Marion, G. Gelencser, S. Grunewald, N. Leroy, M. Kasprzack, V. Fafone, Charlotte Bond, M. Punturo, Leopoldo Milano, C. Lawrie, G. D. Hammond, Stanislav Babak, John Nelson, Amanda J. Page, Ping Koy Lam, G. Debreczeni, F. Paoletti, Duncan A. Brown, M. Heurs, M. Bastarrika, M. E. Gáspár, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, P. Ruggi, C. Vorvick, M. Jacobson, M. J. Cowart, B. Sorazu, S. Márka, H. Yamamoto, Mallory S. E. Roberts, A. Thüring, Kenneth A. Strain, M. C. Heintze, P. Schwinberg, C. C. Yancey, Ruxandra Bondarescu, G. Mendell, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Moritz Mehmet, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, J. Steinlechner, A. C. Melissinos, Andrea Chincarini, P. Astone, B. Sassolas, G. R. Skelton, W. G. Anderson, C. Osthelder, Andrew Lundgren, G. Cella, C. L. Mueller, V. Raymond, T. Z. Summerscales, Giacomo Ciani, A. Mullavey, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, D. E. Clark, Jonathan R. Gair, L. A. Forte, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, J. Li, B. E. Aylott, F. Carbognani, Malik Rakhmanov, J. Worden, L. Williams, A. Le Roux, Prayush Kumar, S. Vass, N. A. Lockerbie, Roy Williams, Kyungmin Kim, A. M. Cruise, Fabrice Matichard, G. P. Newton, Ettore Majorana, S. Vitale, M. Fyffe, Yueh-Feng Liu, B. O'Reilly, P. Ehrens, Gabriela Gonzalez, J. M. Hallam, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, Vladimir Dergachev, James Whelan, M. Bitossi, E. Forsi, P. Ajith, R. Riesen, M. Cordier, K. Wette, Vuk Mandic, John J. Oh, Th. S. Bauer, D. B. Kelley, Timothy Evans, Zhihui Du, C. Adams, D. Sigg, Eric Oelker, S. W. Ballmer, Yi Pan, J. A. Giaime, Y. M. Kim, Tenglin Li, R. M. Cutler, Rosa Poggiani, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, S. P. Tarabrin, Shaun Hooper, D. F. Menéndez, P. Raffai, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, J. Hanks, S. Van Der Putten, Ranjan Gupta, H. Radkins, E. Saracco, J. C. Barayoga, C. Tomlinson, Richard J. Abbott, Soma Mukherjee, Michael L. Gorodetsky, Drew Keppel, J. M. Berliner, T. Westphal, A. E. Villar, H. Müller-Ebhardt, M. V. Plissi, Nergis Mavalvala, David Coward, Jerome Degallaix, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, R. Bonnand, L. Sperandio, D. S. Rabeling, Rocco Romano, I. Di Palma, Hartmut Grote, Farhan Feroz, G. Losurdo, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, Neil J. Cornish, Matthew P. Edgar, Jesper Munch, P. E. Lindquist, M. A. Frei, D. Fazi, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, L. Taffarello, Ilya Belopolski, A. Mytidis, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, H. J. Bulten, T. T. Fricke, Roberto Conte, C. Aulbert, D. Simakov, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, J. R. Leong, Evan Ochsner, A. J. Weinstein, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. Landry, L. Di Fiore, M. Barsuglia, A. Grant, L. Zhang, Roman Schnabel, J. E. Brau, B. Canuel, A. A. van Veggel, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, M. Phelps, F. Clara, P. Thomas, Erik Katsavounidis, Douglas H Beck, M. J. Lubinski, K. Evans, Rajesh Kumar, Vladimir B. Braginsky, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, N. Fotopoulos, M. Weinert, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, A. Cumming, E. Genin, A. M. Gretarsson, J. Bauchrowitz, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sheila Rowan, Todd Adams, Gianluca Persichetti, G. Endroczi, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, O. Bock, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, Lisa Barsotti, Alessandra Toncelli, R. J. G. Jonker, Jan Harms, D. Buskulic, F. Kawazoe, O. Torre, E. Cuoco, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, H. Fehrmann, D. Moraru, Gianpietro Cagnoli, D. Yeaton-Massey, F. Vetrano, S. E. Dwyer, J. Pöld, Suvadeep Bose, Z. Márka, Alberto Vecchio, Will M. Farr, A. Dietz, B. Hughey, E. Steinert, M. R. Smith, M. Edwards, M. Pickenpack, A. Rocchi, T. Hong, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, M. Agathos, S. R. Morriss, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Aasi, J., Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amador Ceron, E., Amariutei, D., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Ast, S., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Bao, Y., Barayoga, J. C. B., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Basti, A., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, T. h. S., Bebronne, M., Beck, D., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Beker, M. G., Bell, A. S., Bell, C., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Berliner, J. M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bhadbade, T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Briant, T., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet?castell, J., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Calloni, Enrico, Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Carbone, L., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavagli?, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chalermsongsak, T., Charlton, P., Chassande Mottin, E., Chen, W., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Chow, J., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. E., Clark, J. A., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. F., Colacino, C. N., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, A., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Coulon, J. P., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Cutler, R. M., Dahl, K., Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S. L., D?antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Daw, E. J., Dayanga, T., DE ROSA, Rosario, Debra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Del Pozzo, W., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., Derosa, R., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Paolo Emilio, M., Di Virgilio, A., D?az, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorsher, S., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Dumas, J. C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Endr?czi, G., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, K., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Farr, B. F., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Feroz, F., Ferrante, I., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Forte, L. A., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. D., Franc, J., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M. A., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fujimoto, M. K., Fulda, P. J., Fyffe, M., Gair, J., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Garcia, J., Garufi, Fabio, G?sp?r, M. E., Gelencser, G., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L. ?., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gil Casanova, S., Gill, C., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., Gonz?lez, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Go?ler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Griffo, C., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C., Gupta, R., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. J., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayau, J. F., Heefner, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M. A., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Herrera, V., Heurs, M., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Holtrop, M., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh Dinh, T., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., James, E., Jang, Y. J., Jaranowski, P., Jesse, E., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kasprzack, M., Kasturi, R., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kaufman, K., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Keitel, D., Kelley, D., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Keresztes, Z., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, B. K., Kim, C., Kim, H., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, Y. M., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Kr?lak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kurdyumov, R., Kwee, P., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Langley, A., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Le Roux, A., Leaci, P., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Leong, J. R., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Lhuillier, V., Li, J., T. G. F., Li, Lindquist, P. E., Litvine, V., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Logue, J., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J., Lubinski, M., L?ck, H., Lundgren, A. P., Macarthur, J., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., M?rka, S., M?rka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., Mazzolo, G., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mcguire, S. C., Mcintyre, G., Mciver, J., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Men?ndez, D. F., Mercer, R. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mingarelli, C. M. F., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Mori, T., Morriss, S. R., Mosca, S., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow?lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., M?ller Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nash, T., Naticchioni, L., Necula, V., Nelson, J., Neri, I., Newton, G., Nguyen, T., Nishizawa, A., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E., Nuttall, L., Ochsner, E., O?dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., J. J., Oh, S. H., Oh, Oldenberg, R. G., O?reilly, B., O?shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Palladino, L., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Paoletti, R., Papa, M. A., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Pedraza, M., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Phelps, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pihlaja, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Poggiani, R., P?ld, J., Postiglione, F., Poux, C., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L. G., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Quitzow James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., R?cz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C., Rankins, B., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, M., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rodriguez, C., Rodruck, M., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romano, R., Romie, J. H., Rosi?ska, D., R?ver, C., Rowan, S., R?diger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sandberg, V., Sankar, S., Sannibale, V., Santamar?a, L., Santiago Prieto, I., Santostasi, G., Saracco, E., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R. L., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sidery, T. L., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G. R., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, R. J. E., Smith Lefebvre, N. D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Speirits, F. C., Sperandio, L., Stefszky, M., Steinert, E., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S. E., Stroeer, A. S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Szeifert, G., Tacca, M., Taffarello, L., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, R., ter Braack, A. P. M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Th?ring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Tomlinson, C., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tse, M., Ugolini, D., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., van den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., van der Putten, S., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Vicer?, A., Villar, A. E., Vinet, J. Y., Vitale, S., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A., Wade, L., Wade, M., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wan, Y., Wang, M., Wang, X., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D. J., Whiting, B. F., Wiesner, K., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, L., Williams, R., Willke, B., Wimmer, M., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yancey, C. C., Yang, H., Yeaton Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yvert, M., Zadro?ny, A., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. P., Zhang, F., Zhang, L., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Pinto, Innocenzo, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), ESPCI ParisTech, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux ( ARTEMIS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), and (Astro)-Particles Physics

Subjects
Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS, MASS-DISTRIBUTION, BLACK-HOLES, TRANSIENTS, INSPIRALS, COSMOLOGY, PHYSICS, SEARCH, Astrophysics, Parameter space, 01 natural sciences, neutron stars, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Detection of gravitational wave, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, QB, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Estimation theory, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Detector, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Justice and Strong Institutions, gravitational waves, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Algorithm, Gravitation, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], SDG 16 - Peace, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Model selection, SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, [ PHYS.ASTR.HE ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], black holes, LIGO, cosmology: observations, [ SDU.ASTR.HE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]
Abstract

Compact binary systems with neutron stars or black holes are one of the most promising sources for ground-based gravitational wave detectors. Gravitational radiation encodes rich information about source physics; thus parameter estimation and model selection are crucial analysis steps for any detection candidate events. Detailed models of the anticipated waveforms enable inference on several parameters, such as component masses, spins, sky location and distance that are essential for new astrophysical studies of these sources. However, accurate measurements of these parameters and discrimination of models describing the underlying physics are complicated by artifacts in the data, uncertainties in the waveform models and in the calibration of the detectors. Here we report such measurements on a selection of simulated signals added either in hardware or software to the data collected by the two LIGO instruments and the Virgo detector during their most recent joint science run, including a "blind injection" where the signal was not initially revealed to the collaboration. We exemplify the ability to extract information about the source physics on signals that cover the neutron star and black hole parameter space over the individual mass range 1 Msun - 25 Msun and the full range of spin parameters. The cases reported in this study provide a snap-shot of the status of parameter estimation in preparation for the operation of advanced detectors., Comment: 23 pages, 18 figures. LIGO Document P1200021. See the announcement for this paper on ligo.org at: http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S6PE/index.php. For a repository of data used in the publication, go to: https://dcc.ligo.org/LIGO-P1200021/public; Modifications thanks to referee reports

Published
2013

74. Comparison of Gravitational Wave Detector Network Sky Localization Approximations

Author

K. Grover, Alberto Vecchio, Ben Farr, Carl L. Rodriguez, Stephen Fairhurst, Ilya Mandel, and Trevor Sidery

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, business.industry, Gravitational wave, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Binary number, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Bayesian inference, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, symbols.namesake, Optics, Sky, symbols, Fisher information, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Algorithm, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), media_common, Coherence (physics)
Abstract

Gravitational waves emitted during compact binary coalescences are a promising source for gravitational-wave detector networks. The accuracy with which the location of the source on the sky can be inferred from gravitational wave data is a limiting factor for several potential scientific goals of gravitational-wave astronomy, including multi-messenger observations. Various methods have been used to estimate the ability of a proposed network to localize sources. Here we compare two techniques for predicting the uncertainty of sky localization -- timing triangulation and the Fisher information matrix approximations -- with Bayesian inference on the full, coherent data set. We find that timing triangulation alone tends to over-estimate the uncertainty in sky localization by a median factor of $4$ for a set of signals from non-spinning compact object binaries ranging up to a total mass of $20 M_\odot$, and the over-estimation increases with the mass of the system. We find that average predictions can be brought to better agreement by the inclusion of phase consistency information in timing-triangulation techniques. However, even after corrections, these techniques can yield significantly different results to the full analysis on specific mock signals. Thus, while the approximate techniques may be useful in providing rapid, large scale estimates of network localization capability, the fully coherent Bayesian analysis gives more robust results for individual signals, particularly in the presence of detector noise., Comment: 11 pages, 7 Figures

Published
2013
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75. Basic Parameter Estimation of Binary Neutron Star Systems by the Advanced LIGO/Virgo Network

Author

Carl L. Rodriguez, Benjamin Farr, D. Fazi, Vivien Raymond, Vicky Kalogera, Tyson Littenberg, and Will M. Farr

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Gravitational wave, Estimation theory, media_common.quotation_subject, Monte Carlo method, Detector, Binary number, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, LIGO, Neutron star, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common
Abstract

Within the next five years, it is expected that the Advanced LIGO/Virgo network will have reached a sensitivity sufficient to enable the routine detection of gravitational waves. Beyond the initial detection, the scientific promise of these instruments relies on the effectiveness of our physical parameter estimation capabilities. The majority of this effort has been towards the detection and characterization of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence, e.g. the coalescence of binary neutron stars. While several previous studies have investigated the accuracy of parameter estimation with advanced detectors, the majority have relied on approximation techniques such as the Fisher Matrix. Here we report the statistical uncertainties that will be achievable for optimal detection candidates (SNR = 20) using the full parameter estimation machinery developed by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration via Markov-Chain Monte Carlo methods. We find the recovery of the individual masses to be fractionally within 9% (15%) at the 68% (95%) credible intervals for equal-mass systems, and within 1.9% (3.7%) for unequal-mass systems. We also find that the Advanced LIGO/Virgo network will constrain the locations of binary neutron star mergers to a median uncertainty of 5.1 deg^2 (13.5 deg^2) on the sky. This region is improved to 2.3 deg^2 (6 deg^2) with the addition of the proposed LIGO India detector to the network. We also report the average uncertainties on the luminosity distances and orbital inclinations of ideal detection candidates that can be achieved by different network configurations., Comment: Second version: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted in ApJ

Published
2013
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76. Mock data challenge for the Einstein Gravitational-Wave Telescope

Author

S. Giampanis, Tjonnie G. F. Li, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, Katarzyna Wójcik, Tania Regimbau, Craig Robinson, Carl L. Rodriguez, Duncan Meacher, Chris Van Den Broeck, Walter Del Pozzo, T. Dent, Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, Telescope, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, education.field_of_study, Einstein Telescope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Redshift, LIGO, Neutron star, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Einstein Telescope (ET) is conceived to be a third generation gravitational-wave observatory. Its amplitude sensitivity would be a factor ten better than advanced LIGO and Virgo and it could also extend the low-frequency sensitivity down to 1--3 Hz, compared to the 10--20 Hz of advanced detectors. Such an observatory will have the potential to observe a variety of different GW sources, including compact binary systems at cosmological distances. ET's expected reach for binary neutron star (BNS) coalescences is out to redshift $z\simeq 2$ and the rate of detectable BNS coalescences could be as high as one every few tens or hundreds of seconds, each lasting up to several days. %in the sensitive frequency band of ET. With such a signal-rich environment, a key question in data analysis is whether overlapping signals can be discriminated. In this paper we simulate the GW signals from a cosmological population of BNS and ask the following questions: Does this population create a confusion background that limits ET's ability to detect foreground sources? How efficient are current algorithms in discriminating overlapping BNS signals? Is it possible to discern the presence of a population of signals in the data by cross-correlating data from different detectors in the ET observatory? We find that algorithms currently used to analyze LIGO and Virgo data are already powerful enough to detect the sources expected in ET, but new algorithms are required to fully exploit ET data., accepted for publication in Physical Review D -- 18 pages, 8 figures

Published
2012

77. First low-latency LIGO plus Virgo search for binary inspirals and their electromagnetic counterparts

Author

F. Garufi, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, Namjun Kim, Jordan Camp, D. Feldbaum, D. S. Rabeling, Shuichi Sato, Sunil Susmithan, T. Meier, T. Accadia, D. Passuello, T. Etzel, H. P. Daveloza, D. Lodhia, Maik Frede, W. Chen, Badri Krishnan, H. Kaufer, L. Bonelli, S. Grunewald, A. R. Wade, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, Amanda J. Page, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, T. Eberle, V. Boschi, Joseph D. Romano, Hyun Lee, Christian D. Ott, R. A. Mercer, A. Cumming, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, Kasem Mossavi, B. F. Whiting, J. Slutsky, Imre Bartos, Karsten Danzmann, M. Colombini, M. Punturo, Leopoldo Milano, Slawomir Gras, C. Messenger, H. Fehrmann, Y. Wan, Matthew Evans, S. Kandhasamy, E. Genin, J. Birch, Weiya Zhang, Evan Ochsner, A. J. Weinstein, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, C. Van Den Broeck, E. Black, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, V. Kondrashov, R. DeSalvo, Y. Minenkov, Giulia Pagliaroli, H. Wittel, Matthew Heintze, M. A. Barton, Carl L. Rodriguez, J. C. Driggers, D. Moraru, S. J. Waldman, Jordi Burguet-Castell, Huan Yang, J. P. Zendri, Koji Arai, F. Marion, N. Leroy, Matthew P. Edgar, K. Tseng, Jesper Munch, O. Miyakawa, B. Lantz, R. Inta, T. Nash, Ludovico Carbone, P. T. Beyersdorf, G. H. Ogin, S. Klimenko, D. Fazi, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, L. Pinard, J. Garcia, C. T. Y. Chung, D. Yeaton-Massey, Th. Bauer, Michael E Zucker, A. F. Brooks, A. Di Lieto, M. Vasúth, S. M. Scott, Sascha Husa, Meng Wang, D.B. DeBra, Ping Koy Lam, G. Debreczeni, G. Vajente, C. Palomba, A. Giazotto, D. Barker, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, B. Behnke, M. Landry, C. Vorvick, L. Di Fiore, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, Kevin M. Ryan, Peter Aufmuth, Kipp Cannon, S. Privitera, Fabio Postiglione, Kip S. Thorne, N. Morgado, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, F. Vetrano, Riccardo Sturani, A. M. Gretarsson, J. Bauchrowitz, E. Schreiber, T. Reed, P. Charlton, R. S. Ottens, Alessandra Buonanno, P. Schwinberg, C. C. Yancey, J. K. Blackburn, I. Yakushin, P. Kwee, Ruxandra Bondarescu, M. Barsuglia, Robert Stone, C. M. Reed, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, S. Roddy, Tristan Briant, M. Holtrop, Katrin Dahl, G. Mendell, A. Singer, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, K. A. Thorne, T. Ha, Xuan Wang, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sheila Rowan, J. N. Marx, S. E. Dwyer, Giacomo Ciani, P. J. Sutton, C. C. Wipf, László Á. Gergely, J. D. Lough, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, G. Kang, F. Carbognani, I. A. Bilenko, A. Di Virgilio, A. Grant, N. Liguori, M. S. Meyer, P. Puppo, S. Vass, L. Taffarello, M. Rodruck, V. Loriette, Fabrice Matichard, A. M. Sintes, C. Osthelder, L. A. Forte, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, W. Del Pozzo, P. F. Cohadon, H. Heitmann, Lee Samuel Finn, P. J. Veitch, John Miller, T. Prestegard, B. Rankins, J. Pöld, Jong H. Chow, David J. Ottaway, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, J. Colas, M. Born, K. Mailand, A. Pasqualetti, R. M. S. Schofield, M. Yvert, T. D. Abbott, B. J. J. Slagmolen, L. Zhang, C. Veltkamp, Rainer Weiss, Marco Aurelio Diaz, Ilya Belopolski, F. Ricci, R. W. P. Drever, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, R. Schilling, Theodore S. Hong, Hyun-Chul Kim, Suvadeep Bose, J. H. Romie, C. Bogan, Zhi Liu, C. Greverie, Riccardo Bassiri, G. Kuehn, L. Cunningham, P. G. Murray, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, G. P. Newton, T. Isogai, C. Torres, F. Y. Khalili, G. Mazzolo, Norman Gray, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, Matthew Benacquista, Benjamin J. Owen, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, E. Maros, W. W. Johnson, C. Affeldt, H. Radkins, P. Thomas, Jessica McIver, M. Fyffe, A. Mytidis, C. D. Capano, Yueh-Feng Liu, Gabriela Gonzalez, S. D'Antonio, J. M. Hallam, Z. Márka, F. Paoletti, V. Re, P. Ruggi, R. Taylor, F. J. Raab, Piotr Jaranowski, Florent Robinet, A. Morgia, J. F. J. van den Brand, A. G. Wiseman, M. Tacca, Martin Hendry, J. H. Hough, N. Letendre, Ryan DeRosa, W. Z. Korth, L. E. Wade, A. Khalaidovski, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, B. Bouhou, David Blair, J. M. Berliner, M. Was, Gianluca Persichetti, D. M. Macleod, T. P. Bodiya, D. C. Coyne, Tania Regimbau, Erik Katsavounidis, K. Izumi, M. Jacobson, A. Mullavey, H. Vocca, R. Cavalieri, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, J. Franc, Douglas R. Cook, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, P. Patel, Malik Rakhmanov, J. Worden, E. Steinert, J. H. Clayton, P. Wessels, David Coward, Douglas H Beck, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, Michele Zanolin, K. V. Tokmakov, A. Effler, Joseph Gleason, R. Engel, S. B. Anderson, D. Ugolini, M. Galimberti, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, C. Lawrie, F. Salemi, M. R. Smith, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, A. Belletoile, R. Bonnand, L. Sperandio, S. Mosca, M. J. Lubinski, Elena Cesarini, J.-F. Hayau, K. Evans, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, L. Williams, V. Necula, V. Fafone, M. Bastarrika, M. Di Paolo Emilio, M. Edwards, E. Forsi, David Jones, M. Vavoulidis, J.R. Taylor, B. Schulz, G. McIntyre, B. L. Swinkels, Benjamin Canuel, Ruslan Vaulin, A. M. Sergeev, David B. Tanner, E. Tournefier, A. Basti, Marco Cavaglia, M. Lormand, J. Soto, P. Leaci, A. Colla, M. J. Cowart, G. D. Hammond, G. Endroczi, R. Passaquieti, Leo Singer, Rajesh Kumar, I. Santiago-Prieto, R. Geng, Vladimir B. Braginsky, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, O. Puncken, D. Friedrich, V. V. Frolov, R. Riesen, J.-P. Coulon, R. Gustafson, M. Pickenpack, S. Giampanis, Martin Hewitson, Junwei Cao, Haixing Miao, Igor Neri, Z. Frei, D. Nolting, M. Sung, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, E. Jesse, G. A. Prodi, Alexander Wanner, S. L. Danilishin, D. B. Kelley, C. L. Mueller, Rahul Biswas, J. Y. Vinet, N. Fotopoulos, M. Weinert, Sanichiro Yoshida, L. Rolland, Zhihui Du, S. Mcwilliams, J.-D. Fournier, A. Rocchi, C. Graef, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, A. Nitz, O. Bock, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, M. Pedraza, M. A. Arain, Gregory M. Harry, Lutz Winkelmann, R. Abbott, F. Piergiovanni, F. Martelli, Chang-Hwan Lee, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, Fiona C. Speirits, Stanislav Babak, Fabrizio Barone, M. Mohan, Duncan A. Brown, S. P. Tarabrin, I. Fiori, J. C. Barayoga, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, Rosa Poggiani, Maria Alessandra Papa, F. Cavalier, Lisa Barsotti, John Veitch, A. Gennai, S. E. Strigin, L. G. Prokhorov, Alessandra Toncelli, Stuart Reid, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, H. J. Bulten, M. Davier, N. Man, B. Mours, A. Chiummo, P. Raffai, B. Bland, Jolien D. E. Creighton, S. Caride, I. Leonor, John K. Cannizzo, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, Lindy Blackburn, J. Hanks, S. Van Der Putten, Roman Schnabel, S. Márka, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, Ranjan Gupta, Luca Gammaitoni, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, M. Agathos, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, M. A. Bizouard, V. Sandberg, M. MacInnis, Alessandra Corsi, S. R. Morriss, M. Pietka, Alberto Vecchio, Jan Harms, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Efim A. Khazanov, Kenneth A. Strain, G. Ballardin, P. Rapagnani, J. Zweizig, C. Tomlinson, M. Del Prete, S. Frasca, Soma Mukherjee, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, F. Frasconi, A. S. Stroeer, Drew Keppel, Daniel A. Shaddock, J. Hanson, A. L. Stuver, M. Stefszky, Guido Mueller, M. Phelps, R. Flaminio, M. E. Gáspár, Kyungmin Kim, J. Luan, H. Yamamoto, B. O'Reilly, T. T. Fricke, Andreas Freise, E. J. Daw, J. S. Kissel, O. Kranz, K. D. Giardina, Stephen Fairhurst, Alireza Marandi, Matthew Pitkin, Eric Oelker, Yi Pan, David Murphy, C. Gill, V. Raymond, B. Hughey, Jonathan R. Gair, R. Wooley, B. Moe, F. Clara, K. Haughian, N. A. Lockerbie, J. Abadie, A. J. Stein, D. Buskulic, F. Kawazoe, O. Torre, E. Cuoco, Michael L. Gorodetsky, Sebastian Steinlechner, T. Westphal, M. Frei, M. Wade, M. Granata, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, S. S. Y. Chua, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, Vladimir Dergachev, N. A. Robertson, C. N. Colacino, Roberto Conte, James Whelan, C. Aulbert, H. Müller-Ebhardt, P.B. Graff, P. Ajith, M. V. Plissi, M. Cordier, D. Hammer, Eric Howell, E. Goetz, S. R. P. Mohapatra, L. K. Nuttall, M. C. Araya, Zhentian Wang, Peter Kalmus, S. Gil-Casanova, M. R. Abernathy, Nico Lastzka, G. Billingsley, I. Di Palma, L. Bosi, V. Brisson, T. Dent, Hartmut Grote, Farhan Feroz, G. Losurdo, Scott Koranda, M. Parisi, Soumya D. Mohanty, L. Palladino, Moritz Mehmet, N. Zotov, L. Matone, M. G. Beker, Kazuhiro Hayama, G. Cagnoli, Neil J. Cornish, P. E. Lindquist, J. Steinlechner, K. Mason, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, A. Dietz, Rana X. Adhikari, D. Talukder, C. Pankow, Gareth Jones, B. Machenschalk, K. Redwine, F. Donovan, J. R. Leong, I. W. Harry, A. Zadrozy, E. Amador Ceron, R. M. Martin, M. Prijatelj, Xavier Siemens, R. Gouaty, T. Huynh-Dinh, B. E. Aylott, M. Bebronne, A. Sibley, Keiko Kokeyama, A. Viceré, L. Naticchioni, Roger Jones, Salvatore Vitale, A. M. Cruise, Yi Chen, Chunnong Zhao, David H. Shoemaker, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Holger J. Pletsch, D. Verkindt, Michael W. Coughlin, Grant David Meadors, M. Mageswaran, F. Cleva, Vuk Mandic, M. T. Hartman, V. Kringel, F. Seifert, Peter Fritschel, Roy Williams, J. A. Giaime, Y. M. Kim, S. Foley, O. Chaibi, Saranya Ghosh, Tenglin Li, Tomasz Bulik, C. Buy, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, Shaun Hooper, A. E. Villar, Nergis Mavalvala, Jonah Kanner, François Bondu, J. C. Dumas, M. Pichot, R. Kasturi, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, V. Herrera, C. A. Costa, J. Heefner, R. Grosso, Albert Lazzarini, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, M. Flanigan, Ho-Gyu Lee, Xu Chen, Ik Siong Heng, A. Rüdiger, S. Steplewski, Emma L. Robinson, R. Dannenberg, John Nelson, Takao Mori, P. Astone, Larne Pekowsky, Laura Cadonati, Ettore Majorana, Fausto Acernese, P. Peiris, J. Breyer, C. Gray, P. Baker, D. J. Hosken, P. Ehrens, E. Coccia, J. G. Rollins, Teviet Creighton, M. Mantovani, Kentaro Somiya, M. Brinkmann, Leo C. Stein, Chad Hanna, C. Wilkinson, M. Bitossi, Jui-Lin Li, C. Bradaschia, P. Sainathan, D. Amariutei, K. Wette, John J. Oh, Timothy Evans, G. Santostasi, F. Nocera, C. Adams, D. Sigg, D. J. White, S. W. Ballmer, R. M. Cutler, P. Campsie, C. I. Torrie, G. Moreno, D. R. Ingram, Phil Willems, D. Rosińska, Eric Thrane, Fan Zhang, Eric W. James, C. Michel, Sarah Caudill, R. Quitzow-James, R. Day, P. Yu, Lisa M. Goggin, B. Daudert, N. Beveridge, B. Sorazu, M. Blom, A. Thüring, A. C. Melissinos, Andrea Chincarini, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, T. Z. Summerscales, Harald Lück, Paul Fulda, M. Britzger, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, Ilya Mandel, E. Macdonald, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, B. K. Kim, R. L. Ward, Richard A. Matzner, S. Penn, A. Conte, Y. J. Jang, Seiji Kawamura, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, V. Dattilo, Stefan Hild, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, M. Shaltev, David H. Reitze, A. Brillet, Mirko Prato, M. Branchesi, J. C. Batch, K. A. Hodge, H. S. Cho, S. Braccini, S. Chung, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Anton B. Ivanov, Vicky Kalogera, M. Tonelli, Larry R. Price, Yaohui Fan, B. Sassolas, G. R. Skelton, Andrew Lundgren, M. Factourovich, J. Betzwieser, Antoine Heidmann, H. Overmier, D. Sellers, Simon Chelkowski, M. E. Normandin, Zoltán Keresztes, D. Hoak, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, R. De Rosa, Calloni, Enrico, DE ROSA, Rosario, Garufi, Fabio, Milano, Leopoldo, Mosca, Simona, Parisi, M., the LVC, Collaboration, Pinto, Innocenzo, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, ESPCI ParisTech, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Lincoln Laboratory, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur ( OCA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon

Subjects
PROGENITOR, Binary number, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Constant false alarm rate, interferometers, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, QB, Gravitational waves, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, COMPACT BINARIES, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Detector, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], gravitational waves, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gravitational Waves Binary neutron stars Low-latency search Electromagnetic follow-up, FOS: Physical sciences, PREDICTIONS, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, [ PHYS.ASTR.HE ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], LIGO, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], HOST GALAXIES, Neutron star, [ SDU.ASTR.HE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Gamma-ray burst, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Aims. The detection and measurement of gravitational-waves from coalescing neutron-star binary systems is an important science goal for ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. In addition to emitting gravitational-waves at frequencies that span the most sensitive bands of the LIGO and Virgo detectors, these sources are also amongst the most likely to produce an electromagnetic counterpart to the gravitational-wave emission. A joint detection of the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic signals would provide a powerful new probe for astronomy. Methods. During the period between September 19 and October 20, 2010, the first low-latency search for gravitational-waves from binary inspirals in LIGO and Virgo data was conducted. The resulting triggers were sent to electromagnetic observatories for followup. We describe the generation and processing of the low-latency gravitational-wave triggers. The results of the electromagnetic image analysis will be described elsewhere. Results. Over the course of the science run, three gravitational-wave triggers passed all of the low-latency selection cuts. Of these, one was followed up by several of our observational partners. Analysis of the gravitational-wave data leads to an estimated false alarm rate of once every 6.4 days, falling far short of the requirement for a detection based solely on gravitational-wave data., Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures. For a repository of data used in the publication, go to: http://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=P1100065 Also see the announcement for this paper on ligo.org at: http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S6CBCLowLatency/

Published
2012

78. Estimating parameters of coalescing compact binaries with proposed advanced detector networks

Author

Alberto Vecchio, John Veitch, Vivien Raymond, Vicky Kalogera, Benjamin Farr, M. V. van der Sluys, Benjamin Aylott, Ilya Mandel, and Carl L. Rodriguez

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Binary number, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Estimation theory, Gravitational wave, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, LIGO, Interferometry, Sky, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Algorithm
Abstract

The advanced versions of the LIGO and Virgo ground-based gravitational-wave detectors are expected to operate from three sites: Hanford, Livingston, and Cascina. Recent proposals have been made to place a fourth site in Australia or India; and there is the possibility of using the Large Cryogenic Gravitational Wave Telescope in Japan to further extend the network. Using Bayesian parameter-estimation analyses of simulated gravitational-wave signals from a range of coalescing-binary locations and orientations at fixed distance or signal-to-noise ratio, we study the improvement in parameter estimation for the proposed networks. We find that a fourth detector site can break degeneracies in several parameters; in particular, the localization of the source on the sky is improved by a factor of ~ 3--4 for an Australian site, or ~ 2.5--3.5 for an Indian site, with more modest improvements in distance and binary inclination estimates. This enhanced ability to localize sources on the sky will be crucial in any search for electromagnetic counterparts to detected gravitational-wave signals., arXiv admin note: updated version of (withdrawn) 1106.2547

Published
2012

79. Search for gravitational waves from low mass compact binary coalescence in LIGO's sixth science run and Virgo's science runs 2 and 3

Author

P. Couvares, Benno Willke, Alessandra Buonanno, Namjun Kim, Y. Wan, Jordi Burguet-Castell, G. McIntyre, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, N. Beveridge, M. Blom, J. P. Zendri, A. Giazotto, P. Shawhan, H. J. Bulten, Leo Singer, I. Ferrante, N. Liguori, Walter Winkler, C. I. Torrie, P. J. Sutton, Norman Gray, P. Charlton, A. S. Markosyan, Ryan DeRosa, Harald Lück, A. Khalaidovski, R. Engel, J. H. Romie, F. Salemi, G. Kuehn, L. Cunningham, P. Leaci, A. Colla, D. Verkindt, Paul Fulda, F. J. Raab, M. Britzger, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, I. A. Bilenko, David J. Ottaway, D. Nolting, D. R. Ingram, Phil Willems, M. A. Arain, Gregory M. Harry, R. Gustafson, S. Kandhasamy, S. Giampanis, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, C. Aulbert, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, Ilya Mandel, E. Macdonald, S. E. Strigin, Evan Ochsner, W. Katzman, A. J. Weinstein, R. J.E. Smith, P. T. Beyersdorf, A. Brummit, M. Sakosky, A. Gennai, Nick Leindecker, J. Zweizig, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, K. Redwine, J. R. Leong, B. K. Kim, R. L. Ward, Jonah Kanner, A. Morgia, W. Z. Korth, P. Wessels, David Jones, Marco Cavaglia, C. Robinson, Sebastian Steinlechner, Benjamin William Allen, Karsten Danzmann, M. Colombini, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, M. Punturo, Leopoldo Milano, Slawomir Gras, Eric Thrane, C. Michel, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, M. Factourovich, R. De Rosa, A. Sibley, Keiko Kokeyama, Richard A. Matzner, L. Pinard, J. Garcia, Ettore Majorana, P. Ehrens, M. Landry, L. Di Fiore, Albert Lazzarini, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, Sarah Caudill, R. Day, P. Yu, Lisa M. Goggin, B. Daudert, D. Passuello, G. Vajente, Christian D. Ott, D. Fazi, Takao Mori, C. T. Y. Chung, Lutz Winkelmann, Th. Bauer, Michael E Zucker, Fiona C. Speirits, S. Penn, A. Belletoile, Michael L. Gorodetsky, T. Westphal, N. Letendre, John Veitch, Piotr Jaranowski, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, Shuichi Sato, Soumya D. Mohanty, M. A. Bizouard, T. Reed, C. Titsler, Laura Cadonati, Benjamin Aylott, J. Garofoli, J. Betzwieser, Miftar Ganija, P. Wei, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, V. Dattilo, M. Bitossi, P. Sainathan, K. Wette, D. Lodhia, Maik Frede, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, John J. Oh, Timothy Evans, L. Palladino, N. Zotov, C. Messenger, M. Barsuglia, M. MacInnis, P. Rapagnani, R. S. Amin, P. G. Murray, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, A. Grant, K. Mason, Andreas Freise, Stefan Hild, M. C. Araya, A. Dietz, D. Barker, Alireza Marandi, Matthew Pitkin, P. Baker, R. Wooley, D. J. Hosken, B. Mours, W. Del Pozzo, P. F. Cohadon, H. Heitmann, Boris Hage, M. Frei, P. Moesta, A. Brillet, L. Taffarello, H. Müller-Ebhardt, M. V. Plissi, Kipp Cannon, Antoine Heidmann, C. Adams, M. Kinsey, Susan M. Scott, Teviet Creighton, V. Boschi, Joseph D. Romano, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, E. Coccia, S. Wen, Rana X. Adhikari, D. Sigg, B. Machenschalk, J. H. Hough, S. W. Ballmer, N. Leroy, J. G. Rollins, M. Granata, Fausto Acernese, R. S. Ottens, P. Peiris, H. 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F., Heefner, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hendry, M., Heng, I., Heptonstall, A., Herrera, V., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K., Holt, K., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hosken, D., Hough, J., Howell, E., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S., Huynh Dinh, T., Ingram, D., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., Jang, H., Jaranowski, P., Johnson, W., Jones, D., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kamaretsos, I., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D., Keresztes, Z., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F., Khazanov, E., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, D., Kim, H., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, Y. M., King, P., Kinsey, M., Kinzel, D., Kissel, J., Klimenko, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Korth, W., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Lam, P., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Lee, C., Lee, H., Leindecker, N., Leong, J., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Li, J., Li, T., Liguori, N., Lindquist, P., Lockerbie, N., Lodhia, D., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lück, H., Lundgren, A., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marandi, A., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I., Martin, R., Marx, J., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R., Mavalvala, N., Mazzolo, G., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D., Mcguire, S., Mcintyre, G., Mciver, J., Mckechan, D., Meadors, G., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A., Mendell, G., Menendez, D., Mercer, R., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, Leopoldo, Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mitrofanov, V., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Moe, B., Moesta, P., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S., Mohapatra, S., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Mori, T., Mosca, S., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow Lowry, C., Mueller, C., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P., Mytidis, A., Nash, T., Naticchioni, L., Nawrodt, R., Necula, V., Nelson, J., Newton, G., Nishizawa, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Nuttall, L., Ochsner, E., O’Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G., Oh, J., Oh, S., Oldenburg, R., O’Reilly, B., O’Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C., Ottaway, D., Ottens, R., Overmier, H., Owen, B., Page, A., Pagliaroli, G., Palladino, L., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, P., Pedraza, M., Peiris, P., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Phelps, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pietka, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H., Plissi, M., Poggiani, R., Pöld, J., Postiglione, F., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Price, L., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Raab, F., Rabeling, D., Rácz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C., Rankins, B., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Redwine, K., Reed, C., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Robertson, N., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rodriguez, C., Rodruck, M., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J., Romano, R., Romie, J., Rosińska, D., Röver, C., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Ryll, H., Sainathan, P., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Samblowski, A., Sammut, L., Sancho de la Jordana, L., Sandberg, V., Sankar, S., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santiago Prieto, I., Santostasi, G., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B., Sato, S., Saulson, P., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schlamminger, S., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R., Schulz, B., Schutz, B., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S., Searle, A., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B., Slutsky, J., Smith, J., Smith, M., Smith, N., Smith, R., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Soto, J., Speirits, F., Sperandio, L., Stefszky, M., Stein, A., Steinert, E., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A., Summerscales, T., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P., Swinkels, B., Tacca, M., Taffarello, L., Talukder, D., Tanner, D., Tarabrin, S., Taylor, J., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C., Torrie, C., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Tucker, E., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., van den Brand, J., Van Den Broeck, C., van der Putten, S., van Veggel, A., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P., Veltkamp, C., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Villar, A., Vinet, J. 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P., Zhang, F., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M., Zweizig, J., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, LIGO, VIRGO, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (Astro)-Particles Physics, and Mathematical Analysis

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), X-ray burster, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, X-ray binary, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Binary pulsar, [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], interferometers, Binary black hole, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, SIGNALS, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, QC176, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astronomy, Gravitational waves, LIGO, gravitational waves, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], RADIATION, Stellar black hole, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We report on a search for gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries using LIGO and Virgo observations between July 7, 2009 and October 20, 2010. We searched for signals from binaries with total mass between 2 and 25 solar masses; this includes binary neutron stars, binary black holes, and binaries consisting of a black hole and neutron star. The detectors were sensitive to systems up to 40 Mpc distant for binary neutron stars, and further for higher mass systems. No gravitational-wave signals were detected. We report upper limits on the rate of compact binary coalescence as a function of total mass, including the results from previous LIGO and Virgo observations. The cumulative 90%-confidence rate upper limits of the binary coalescence of binary neutron star, neutron star- black hole and binary black hole systems are 1.3 x 10^{-4}, 3.1 x 10^{-5} and 6.4 x 10^{-6} Mpc^{-3}yr^{-1}, respectively. These upper limits are up to a factor 1.4 lower than previously derived limits. We also report on results from a blind injection challenge., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. For a repository of data used in the publication, go to: . Also see the announcement for this paper on ligo.org at

Published
2012

80. All-sky Search for Periodic Gravitational Waves in the Full S5 LIGO Data

Author

V. Necula, Sanichiro Yoshida, I. Santiago-Prieto, Graham Woan, R. Geng, Robert L. Byer, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, H. J. Bulten, Jordan Camp, Stuart Reid, James DiGuglielmo, Gianluca Persichetti, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, F. Garufi, V. V. Frolov, G. Kang, D. Feldbaum, T. Meier, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Alessandra Buonanno, M. Branchesi, J. C. Batch, K. A. Hodge, M. Born, K. Mailand, Roman Schnabel, M. A. Bizouard, Daniel A. Shaddock, J. E. Brau, J. Hanson, A. A. van Veggel, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, Efim A. Khazanov, M. Stefszky, Sunil Susmithan, Soumya D. Mohanty, Guido Mueller, T. T. Fricke, N. Liguori, F. Frasconi, A. S. Stroeer, G. Endroczi, Hyun-Chul Kim, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, B. Behnke, Stanislav Babak, G. Ballardin, Duncan A. Brown, N. Beveridge, M. Blom, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Harald Lück, Paul Fulda, M. Britzger, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, C. R. Ramet, R. Flaminio, L. Palladino, Ilya Mandel, E. Macdonald, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, B. K. Kim, R. L. Ward, M. Phelps, T. Accadia, Richard A. Matzner, David Murphy, N. Zotov, K. Mason, J. Abadie, A. J. Stein, J. S. Kissel, Norman Gray, S. Braccini, S. Chung, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, Zoltán Keresztes, Haixing Miao, S. Penn, S. L. Danilishin, P. Wei, V. Dattilo, Stefan Hild, Matthew Evans, Elena Cesarini, Riccardo Sturani, Zhihui Du, H. R. Williams, J. Luan, Badri Krishnan, R. Inta, H. Kaufer, C. Peralta, B. Moe, E. Amador Ceron, R. M. Martin, Roberto Conte, C. Aulbert, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, I. Kamaretsos, O. Bock, S. Klimenko, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, Sabrina D'Antonio, V. Fafone, C. Palomba, M. Prijatelj, S. Kandhasamy, Ryan DeRosa, A. Khalaidovski, R. Engel, F. Salemi, A. Brillet, S. Privitera, A. R. Wade, C. M. Mow-Lowry, M. Pietka, Alberto Vecchio, J. Heefner, R. Grosso, F. Clara, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, Robert Stone, A. Di Virgilio, B. Lantz, Laura Cadonati, Lisa Barsotti, Namjun Kim, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, Rosa Poggiani, M. Flanigan, C. M. Reed, Ho-Gyu Lee, J. Colas, L. Prokhorov, Will M. Farr, Alessandra Toncelli, Xavier Siemens, T. Ha, M. C. Araya, Zhentian Wang, M. Factourovich, J. Garofoli, M. S. Meyer, B. F. Whiting, S. Dorsher, P. Leaci, A. Colla, D. Nolting, A. Viceré, Mirko Prato, Yi Chen, N. D. Smith, V. Brisson, D. Passuello, Takehiko Mori, Benjamin Aylott, Susan M. Scott, Teviet Creighton, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, T. Isogai, K. Redwine, J. R. Leong, Christian D. Ott, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Hee-Suk Cho, B. Mours, A. Morgia, C. Torres, F. Y. Khalili, G. Mazzolo, A. Sibley, J. F. Hayau, A. Chiummo, M. E. Gáspár, Fausto Acernese, Chad Hanna, R. M. S. Schofield, P. Raffai, W. Z. Korth, Rainer Weiss, F. Ricci, R. W. P. Drever, Peter Aufmuth, Fan Zhang, C. Van Den Broeck, T. Etzel, H. P. Daveloza, L. Bonelli, N. A. Robertson, C. N. Colacino, Matthew Benacquista, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, J. Betzwieser, M. Tacca, Martin Hendry, Evan Ochsner, C. Wilkinson, Riccardo Bassiri, C. Bradaschia, D. Amariutei, Antoine Heidmann, P. Peiris, W. W. Johnson, A. J. Weinstein, J. Breyer, C. Messenger, A. Cumming, C. Gray, Keiko Kokeyama, P. Wessels, H. Overmier, P. T. Beyersdorf, D. Fazi, Miftar Ganija, E. Maros, R. De Rosa, E. Genin, J. Hanks, S. Van Der Putten, M. Mantovani, X. F. Wang, Rana X. Adhikari, B. Bland, Luca Gammaitoni, David Blair, Michele Vallisneri, A. Singer, B. Hughey, Ranjan Gupta, J. N. Marx, Moritz Mehmet, C. T. Y. Chung, H. Ryll, Th. Bauer, Michael E Zucker, T. Eberle, Gareth Jones, K. V. Tokmakov, B. Machenschalk, László Á. Gergely, Martin Hewitson, F. Donovan, Junwei Cao, Ik Siong Heng, A. Rüdiger, S. Steplewski, F. Nocera, M. Was, D. J. White, David Jones, Piotr Jaranowski, Florent Robinet, Weiya Zhang, F. Marion, N. Leroy, Emma L. Robinson, R. Dannenberg, J. Steinlechner, M. Landry, Kentaro Somiya, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, Ping Koy Lam, D. Barker, Marco Cavaglia, F. Cleva, J. Slutsky, Imre Bartos, A. Zadrony, M. Bebronne, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, N. Morgado, Kipp Cannon, R. S. Ottens, L. Di Fiore, G. Debreczeni, G. McIntyre, Leo Singer, D. Sellers, M. Brinkmann, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, H. Fehrmann, Simon Chelkowski, H. Vocca, D. Ugolini, O. Burmeister, S. Roddy, E. Black, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, A. M. Cruise, T. Nash, V. Re, G. H. Ogin, Matthew Lang, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, A. M. Gretarsson, A. Rocchi, C. Lawrie, A. Belletoile, Soma Mukherjee, Tristan Briant, Drew Keppel, E. Chalkley, H. Yamamoto, J. Bauchrowitz, Y. Minenkov, M. Barsuglia, D. Moraru, S. J. Waldman, Aiko Samblowski, Karsten Danzmann, J. H. Clayton, M. Del Prete, F. Seifert, Peter Fritschel, S. Foley, O. Chaibi, M. Colombini, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, C. Vorvick, M. A. Arain, Gregory M. Harry, M. Lormand, D. Hoak, R. Passaquieti, S. Frasca, D. Sentenac, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, Saranya Ghosh, P. Moesta, Patrick Brady, L. Naticchioni, Salvatore Vitale, A. Grant, D. Yeaton-Massey, M. Punturo, P. Puppo, Jean-Charles Dumas, S. Sankar, J. K. Blackburn, John Nelson, P. Astone, Larne Pekowsky, V. Kondrashov, R. DeSalvo, Giulia Pagliaroli, E. Chassande-Mottin, Ruxandra Bondarescu, Leopoldo Milano, Slawomir Gras, H. Wittel, G. Mendell, B. Sorazu, L. Sancho De La Jordana, D. Hammer, Liam Cunningham, Matthew Heintze, M. Bastarrika, P. J. Sutton, C. C. Wipf, J. H. Romie, G. Kuehn, F. J. Raab, G. Santostasi, Marco Aurelio Diaz, Chunnong Zhao, G. A. Prodi, Alexander Wanner, Rahul Biswas, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, Sheila Rowan, V. Raymond, L. Zhang, P. Thomas, Vuk Mandic, A. M. Sintes, A. C. Searle, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Eric Howell, A. Gennai, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, A. Thüring, C. Bogan, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, A. C. Melissinos, C. Osthelder, P. Schwinberg, F. Vetrano, Karel E. Urbanek, L. A. Forte, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, Gavin Davies, L. Pinard, L. Taffarello, Ilya Belopolski, Lee Samuel Finn, J. C. Driggers, Andrea Chincarini, Thomas Corbitt, David H. Shoemaker, V. Herrera, Holger J. Pletsch, D. Verkindt, Jordi Burguet-Castell, C. A. Costa, W. G. Anderson, J. Li, L. K. Nuttall, G. Cella, M. Yvert, T. D. Abbott, O. Puncken, D. Friedrich, Erik Katsavounidis, C. Veltkamp, M. R. Abernathy, Nico Lastzka, G. Billingsley, J. A. Giaime, S. E. Dwyer, Y. M. Kim, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, Anton B. Ivanov, J. Garcia, T. Z. Summerscales, G. Vajente, Huan Yang, S. R. P. Mohapatra, Peter Kalmus, Stephen Fairhurst, J. M. Hallam, M. Davier, Koji Arai, A. Mytidis, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, R. G. Oldenburg, N. A. Lockerbie, J. P. Zendri, C. L. Mueller, M. T. Hartman, J. Pöld, V. Kringel, R. Gustafson, L. Bosi, L. Wallace, A. Królak, Giacomo Ciani, R. Frey, S. Giampanis, B. P. Abbott, Suvadeep Bose, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, Shuichi Sato, D. Lodhia, Maik Frede, C. D. Capano, M. Tonelli, Larry R. Price, O. Miyakawa, Shaun Hooper, D. F. Menéndez, C. I. Torrie, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, Ettore Majorana, M. J. Lubinski, A. Giazotto, Z. Márka, K. Evans, D. R. Ingram, Jonah Kanner, P. Ehrens, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, F. Paoletti, Tomasz Bulik, P. Ruggi, A. G. Wiseman, Kip S. Thorne, Phil Willems, A. Brummit, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, Albert Lazzarini, P. Charlton, Rajesh Kumar, Vladimir B. Braginsky, Yaohui Fan, Tenglin Li, C. Buy, Miquel Trias, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, G. S. Allen, E. Steinert, M. R. Smith, François Bondu, M. Sakosky, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, M. Rodruck, Vladimir Dergachev, D. C. Coyne, S. E. Strigin, H. Vahlbruch, K. Izumi, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, B. Sassolas, G. R. Skelton, N. Fotopoulos, A. S. Sengupta, M. Bitossi, M. Edwards, P. Sainathan, V. Boschi, Joseph D. Romano, A. E. Villar, S. Vass, S. Márka, Ronny Nawrodt, Kasem Mossavi, K. Wette, T. Reed, James Whelan, Tania Regimbau, F. Travasso, A. Effler, M. Weinert, Kenneth A. Strain, M. Jacobson, A. Mullavey, Eric Thrane, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, I. A. Bilenko, David J. Ottaway, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, M. Galimberti, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, M. Drago, M. Pickenpack, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, John J. Oh, Timothy Evans, S. B. Anderson, A. Conte, J. Franc, C. Michel, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, Seiji Kawamura, Ruslan Vaulin, David B. Tanner, Guenakh Mitselmakher, P. Baker, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, D. J. Hosken, L. Rolland, P. Ajith, E. Coccia, S. Wen, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, A. M. Sergeev, Nick Leindecker, J. Zweizig, M. Cordier, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Sarah Caudill, Jan Harms, Fabrice Matichard, J. Soto, Fabrizio Barone, M. Mohan, Kyungmin Kim, B. O'Reilly, W. Del Pozzo, P. F. Cohadon, H. Heitmann, J. G. Rollins, M. Sung, A. Di Lieto, R. Day, P. Yu, Lisa M. Goggin, B. Daudert, C. Adams, D. Sigg, Boris Hage, S. W. Ballmer, N. Man, W. Kells, H. J. Jang, T. Hong, K. Haughian, R. M. Cutler, Eric Oelker, M. Shaltev, Yi Pan, B. Rankins, Joshua Yablon, David H. Reitze, M. Pedraza, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, Lucía Santamaría, E. Goetz, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Sebastian Steinlechner, P. Patel, Malik Rakhmanov, T. Dent, Kazuhiro Hayama, Maria Alessandra Papa, J. Worden, F. Cavalier, L. Williams, M. Vasúth, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, Michael L. Gorodetsky, T. Westphal, I. Leonor, John K. Cannizzo, D. Talukder, P. G. Murray, C. Pankow, I. W. Harry, Alessandra Corsi, A. Pasqualetti, D. M. Macleod, H. Müller-Ebhardt, M. V. Plissi, R. Gouaty, B. L. Swinkels, A. L. Stuver, E. J. Daw, C. Graef, M. Kinsey, Kevin M. Ryan, K. D. Giardina, C. Gill, Katrin Dahl, J. H. Hough, E. Forsi, I. Di Palma, Hartmut Grote, Zhongyang Zhang, Grant David Meadors, G. Losurdo, John Miller, R. Riesen, B. Bouhou, G. Cagnoli, Neil J. Cornish, C. Greverie, P. E. Lindquist, C. Affeldt, R. Taylor, Douglas R. Cook, Michele Zanolin, T. P. Bodiya, S. Mosca, M. Vavoulidis, J.R. Taylor, D. Buskulic, B. Schulz, V. Kalogera, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, F. Kawazoe, O. Torre, E. Cuoco, D. Rosińska, S. P. Tarabrin, G. D. Hammond, Richard J. Abbott, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, S. Grunewald, Amanda J. Page, A. F. Brooks, I. Yakushin, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, V. Loriette, R. Schilling, Jessica McIver, D. S. Rabeling, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, Matthew P. Edgar, K. Tseng, Jesper Munch, Y. Wan, F. Martelli, Jolien D. E. Creighton, S. Caride, Lindy Blackburn, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, V. Sandberg, F. Carbognani, H. Radkins, J. M. Berliner, David Coward, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, R. Bonnand, L. Sperandio, Andreas Freise, Alireza Marandi, Matthew Pitkin, R. Wooley, M. Frei, Stephan Schlamminger, N. Letendre, M. Granata, T. Hayler, R. Cavalieri, M. Di Paolo Emilio, E. Tournefier, A. Basti, M. Parisi, M. G. Beker, Du Yong Kim, J.-P. Coulon, Jens Birch, Z. Frei, A. Dietz, J.-D. Fournier, I. Fiori, A. P. Lundgren, M. A. Barton, Carl L. Rodriguez, Sascha Husa, D.B. DeBra, Fabio Postiglione, P. Kwee, K. A. Thorne, T. Huynh-Dinh, P. J. Veitch, Roger Jones, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Michael W. Coughlin, Pablo Barriga, M. Mageswaran, Benjamin Canuel, Lutz Winkelmann, Fiona C. Speirits, John Veitch, C. Titsler, M. MacInnis, P. Rapagnani, R. S. Amin, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, LVC Collaboration, The, Pinto, I. M., Principe, M., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux ( ARTEMIS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), and Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gravitational wave detectors and experiments, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Frequency band, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Gravitational radiation detectors, mass spectrometera, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LIMIT, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Subatomic Physics, 010306 general physics, QB, media_common, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Polarization (waves), LIGO, Neutron star, Amplitude, Sky, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We report on an all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the frequency band 50-800 Hz and with the frequency time derivative in the range of 0 through -6e-9 Hz/s. Such a signal could be produced by a nearby spinning and slightly non-axisymmetric isolated neutron star in our galaxy. After recent improvements in the search program that yielded a 10x increase in computational efficiency, we have searched in two years of data collected during LIGO's fifth science run and have obtained the most sensitive all-sky upper limits on gravitational wave strain to date. Near 150 Hz our upper limit on worst-case linearly polarized strain amplitude $h_0$ is 1e-24, while at the high end of our frequency range we achieve a worst-case upper limit of 3.8e-24 for all polarizations and sky locations. These results constitute a factor of two improvement upon previously published data. A new detection pipeline utilizing a Loosely Coherent algorithm was able to follow up weaker outliers, increasing the volume of space where signals can be detected by a factor of 10, but has not revealed any gravitational wave signals. The pipeline has been tested for robustness with respect to deviations from the model of an isolated neutron star, such as caused by a low-mass or long-period binary companion., 18 pages

Published
2012

81. A gravitational wave observatory operating beyond the quantum shot-noise limit

Author

C. T. Y. Chung, Alberto Vecchio, L. Prokhorov, Will M. Farr, G. McIntyre, N. D. Smith, J. Garcia, A. Effler, Andreas Freise, Leo Singer, M. Pickenpack, Alireza Marandi, Kipp Cannon, A. S. Sengupta, R. S. Ottens, Y. Wan, A. L. Stuver, Jordi Burguet-Castell, Matthew Pitkin, B. Hughey, R. Wooley, Henning Kaufer, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, Guenakh Mitselmakher, J. R. Leong, A. M. Sergeev, M. A. Arain, J. Soto, M. Frei, H. Ryll, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, I. Leonor, John K. Cannizzo, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, Gregory M. Harry, S. Kandhasamy, D. Barker, S. Roddy, Xuan Wang, P. Aufmuth, P. Shawhan, Lee Samuel Finn, Alessandra Corsi, Jonah Kanner, T. Reed, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, D. Ugolini, T. D. Abbott, O. Puncken, J. C. Dumas, S. Sankar, M. A. Barton, Lei Zhang, Carl L. Rodriguez, P. Charlton, L. Wallace, R. Frey, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, A. G. Wiseman, Rana X. Adhikari, Alessandra Buonanno, D. C. Coyne, K. Izumi, Albert Lazzarini, Sascha Husa, Robert Stone, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, E. J. Daw, Stefan Goßler, D.B. DeBra, J. Luan, H. Yamamoto, B. Machenschalk, M. C. Araya, Boris Hage, Virginio Sannibale, Marco Aurelio Diaz, David E. McClelland, Takao Mori, F. Donovan, I. Gholami, A. Perreca, I. A. Bilenko, D. Moraru, K. D. Giardina, C. Gill, B. Rankins, Joshua Yablon, C. Wilkinson, P. Thomas, A. E. Villar, Albrecht Rüdiger, M. Lormand, C. Bogan, David J. Ottaway, M. Prijatelj, Ruxandra Bondarescu, G. Mendell, Fabio Postiglione, Christian D. Ott, D. Yeaton-Massey, K. A. Thorne, H. Radkins, A. Singer, B. J. J. Slagmolen, V. Raymond, J. N. Marx, P. T. Baker, Nergis Mavalvala, László Á. Gergely, Namjun Kim, Norman Gray, H. S. Cho, N. A. Lockerbie, J. Birch, D. J. Hosken, C. Messenger, P. J. Veitch, Jerome Degallaix, Riccardo Bassiri, J. M. Berliner, David H. Shoemaker, C. Osthelder, C. Graef, Erik Katsavounidis, Ryan DeRosa, J. G. Rollins, R. Engel, Salvatore Vitale, Karel E. Urbanek, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, E. Maros, S. E. Dwyer, V. Kondrashov, N. A. Robertson, Lutz Winkelmann, R. DeSalvo, David Coward, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, Holger J. Pletsch, Fiona C. Speirits, Theodore S. Hong, Stephan Schlamminger, G. Mazzolo, Sunil Susmithan, Vladimir Dergachev, James Whelan, P. Ajith, M. J. Lubinski, M. Cordier, Ping Koy Lam, P. Leaci, D. Nolting, W. Z. Korth, Bernard F. Whiting, John Veitch, C. Titsler, M. T. Hartman, C. Lawrie, K. Evans, J. C. Batch, K. A. Hodge, Suvadeep Bose, H. Fehrmann, David Jones, D. Hammer, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, A. S. Stroeer, M. MacInnis, R. S. Amin, J. M. Hallam, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, Anton B. Ivanov, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, Kris Ryan, Zhihui Du, P. Raffai, J. H. Clayton, Z. Márka, H. Wittel, L. Sancho De La Jordana, Matthew Heintze, Marco Cavaglia, Patrick J. Sutton, C. R. Ramet, J. S. Kissel, Rajesh Kumar, E. Steinert, M. R. Smith, M. Bastarrika, J. Hanks, Badri Krishnan, S. R. P. Mohapatra, J. C. Driggers, F. J. Raab, T. Huynh-Dinh, V. Necula, Peter Kalmus, Z. Frei, M. Edwards, Laura Cadonati, Bastian Schulz, Katrin Dahl, R. Bork, Ranjan Gupta, Fumiko Kawazoe, Huan Yang, A. R. Wade, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, Karsten Danzmann, Alexander Wanner, Rahul Biswas, Koji Arai, Chang-Hwan Lee, B. Moe, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, I. Santiago-Prieto, Vladimir B. Braginsky, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, N. Fotopoulos, R. Geng, V. V. Frolov, Matthew P. Edgar, K. Tseng, Soma Mukherjee, Drew Keppel, Jesper Munch, S. Chung, J. Betzwieser, Roger Jones, M. E. Zweizig, R. Abbott, Samuel J. Waldman, Vicky Kalogera, Larry R. Price, G. S. Allen, Susan M. Scott, E. Chalkley, S. Dorsher, O. Miyakawa, Jan Hendrik Pöld, John Miller, Jordan Camp, Zoltán Keresztes, M. Rodruck, Slawomir Gras, B. Behnke, M. Weinert, C. Torres, P. G. Murray, J. Heefner, R. Grosso, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, M. Flanigan, Teviet Creighton, D. Feldbaum, V. Kringel, J. H. Hough, T. Meier, Ronny Nawrodt, A. Brummitt, K. Kawabe, M. Britzger, R. G. Oldenburg, N. Beveridge, Hyun Kyung Kim, S. M. Aston, Douglas R. Cook, S. B. Anderson, John Worden, J. E. Brau, Michele Zanolin, P. Kwee, C. L. Mueller, Walter Winkler, Ruslan Vaulin, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, Chad Hanna, Michael W. Coughlin, M. Mageswaran, Zhenyu Zhang, G. D. Hammond, B. Lantz, Stanislav Babak, A. S. Markosyan, Michele Vallisneri, David B. Tanner, Harald Lück, B. E. Aylott, R. Conte, Yaohui Fan, Ik Siong Heng, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, S. Steplewski, C. Affeldt, Emma L. Robinson, R. Dannenberg, M. Sung, A. M. Cruise, Evan Ochsner, Duncan A. Brown, Paul Fulda, Zhentian Wang, John Nelson, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, M. Pedraza, R. Taylor, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, Jöran Bauchrowitz, H. J. Jang, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, S. Márka, A. J. Weinstein, Larne Pekowsky, Matthew Evans, K. Haughian, Maria Alessandra Papa, R. M. S. Schofield, Matthew Benacquista, G. R. Skelton, T. Dent, D. Amariutei, Ilya Mandel, E. Macdonald, Vuk Mandic, Kenneth A. Strain, Benjamin J. Owen, Kazuhiro Hayama, Daniel Friedrich, T. P. Bodiya, R. Inta, S. Klimenko, B. K. Kim, Andrew Lundgren, M. Landry, Martin Hendry, T. Etzel, H. P. Daveloza, S. Privitera, P. Barriga, S. Penn, Kyungmin Kim, B. O'Reilly, Christopher Wipf, K. V. Tokmakov, D. Talukder, C. Pankow, I. W. Harry, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, J. A. Giaime, Evan Goetz, Andre Thüring, Seiji Kawamura, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, Richard A. Matzner, Y. M. Kim, C. Aulbert, C. M. Reed, T. Ha, Scott Koranda, Eric Oelker, Yi Pan, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, L. Matone, J. Slutsky, Imre Bartos, K. Redwine, S. Wen, Shaun Hooper, D. F. Menéndez, D. J. White, C. Zhao, Alicia M. Sintes, M. S. Meyer, Jolien D. E. Creighton, S. Caride, Michael L. Gorodetsky, T. Westphal, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, P. Wei, J. R. Smith, Martin Hewitson, Lindy Blackburn, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, T. Nash, Stefan Hild, Junwei Cao, V. Sandberg, A. Sibley, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, M. V. Plissi, Keiko Kokeyama, G. H. Ogin, David H. Reitze, P. Peiris, C. Veltkamp, Rainer Weiss, R. W. P. Drever, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, M. Kinsey, J. Breyer, D. Fazi, Miftar Ganija, J. R. Taylor, A. Grant, P. Wessels, I. Di Palma, A. A. van Veggel, D. Lodhia, C. Gray, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, W. W. Johnson, Matthew Lang, Andrew Melatos, Kentaro Somiya, G. T. Jones, Joseph D. Romano, D. R. Ingram, Hartmut Grote, M. Brinkmann, P. Moesta, David Blair, Roman Schnabel, Kasem Mossavi, Jui-Lin Li, Phil Willems, M. Sakosky, Ilya Belopolski, I. Yakushin, Efim A. Khazanov, Moritz Mehmet, P. T. Beyersdorf, G. Santostasi, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, Neil J. Cornish, A. Mytidis, C. D. Capano, P. E. Lindquist, Eric Howell, M. Factourovich, Eric Thrane, M. Phelps, Francesco Salemi, J. Garofoli, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, C. Peralta, M. Shaltev, L. K. Nuttall, M. R. Abernathy, Sarah Caudill, P. Yu, Lisa M. Goggin, H. R. Williams, I. Kamaretsos, O. Bock, K. L. Dooley, Nico Lastzka, G. Billingsley, B. Daudert, Jessica McIver, Lisa Barsotti, H. Overmier, F. Clara, G. Kang, Sanichiro Yoshida, F. Seifert, D. Sellers, Graham Woan, Miquel Trias, Peter Fritschel, M. Jacobson, A. Mullavey, M. Born, K. Mailand, A. Cumming, S. Foley, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, Helge Müller-Ebhardt, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Saranya Ghosh, Simon Chelkowski, A. C. Searle, P. Patel, Malik Rakhmanov, L. Williams, Hyung Mok Lee, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, V. Herrera, Susumu Sato, C. A. Costa, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Weiya Zhang, E. Forsi, R. Riesen, D. Hoak, James DiGuglielmo, Patrick Brady, Roland Schilling, Oliver Burmeister, Bernard F. Schutz, A. M. Gretarsson, S. P. Tarabrin, Li Ju, Daniel A. Shaddock, J. Hanson, M. Stefszky, Alexander Khalaidovski, Guido Mueller, T. T. Fricke, J. K. Blackburn, B. Bland, David Murphy, Sheila Rowan, D. Kim, J. Abadie, A. J. Stein, Stephen Fairhurst, R. L. Ward, J. H. Romie, L. Cunningham, R. Gustafson, Tobias Eberle, S. Giampanis, S. E. Strigin, Nick Leindecker, Sebastian Steinlechner, Soumya D. Mohanty, N. Zotov, D. B. Kozak, K. Mason, C. Vorvick, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, E. Amador Ceron, R. M. Martin, Xavier Siemens, Yi Chen, Theodore A. Evans, Maik Frede, P. Schwinberg, W. G. Anderson, Giacomo Ciani, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, S. Vass, Fabrice Matichard, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, S. Grunewald, Aiko Samblowski, Amanda J. Page, A. F. Brooks, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, T. Isogai, F. Y. Khalili, D. M. Macleod, Grant David Meadors, J. Zucker, Jessica Steinlechner, B. Sorazu, A. C. Melissinos, T. Z. Summerscales, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, P. Ehrens, P. Sainathan, K. Wette, John J. Oh, C. Adams, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, R. M. Cutler, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Lincoln Laboratory, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, LVC Collaboration, The, Pinto, I. M., and Principe, M.

Subjects
Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Quantum entanglement, 01 natural sciences, GEO600, Optics, Observatory, SQUEEZED STATES, 0103 physical sciences, Quantum metrology, 010306 general physics, business, Squeezed coherent state, LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Abstract

Around the globe several observatories are seeking the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). These waves are predicted by Einstein''s general theory of relativity(1) and are generated, for example, by black-hole binary systems(2). Present GW detectors are Michelson-type kilometre-scale laser interferometers measuring the distance changes between mirrors suspended in vacuum. The sensitivity of these detectors at frequencies above several hundred hertz is limited by the vacuum (zero-point) fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. A quantum technology-the injection of squeezed light(3)-offers a solution to this problem. Here we demonstrate the squeezed-light enhancement of GEO 600, which will be the GW observatory operated by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration in its search for GWs for the next 3-4 years. GEO 600 now operates with its best ever sensitivity, which proves the usefulness of quantum entanglement and the qualification of squeezed light as a key technology for future GW astronomy(4).

Published
2011

82. Controlling fluorescence intermittency of a single colloidal CdSe/ZnS quantum dot in a half cavity

Author

Yanpeng Zhang, Carl L. Rodriguez, Vamsi K. Komarala, and Min Xiao

Subjects
Colloid, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Quantum dot laser, business.industry, Quantum dot, Quantum point contact, Optoelectronics, Fluorescence intermittency, Condensed Matter Physics, business, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract

We show that by placing a single CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD) near a high-reflective optical mirror, both the photoluminescence intensity and the blinking statistics can be modified significantly and controlled deterministically by changing the dot-mirror distance. The modified local optical mode density in proximity to the QD alters the internal dynamics of the QD, which controls its blinking behavior. Such external controls of single-QD blinking can help us to better understand the underlying mechanism of the blinking process and lead to interesting applications of such QDs.

Published
2008

83. THE DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION OF STELLAR BLACK HOLES IN GLOBULAR CLUSTERS

Author

Carl L. Rodriguez, Bharath Pattabiraman, Meagan Morscher, Stefan Umbreit, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
Physics, Initial mass function, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Supernova, Stars, Star cluster, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Globular cluster, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Mass segregation, Stellar evolution, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Our current understanding of the stellar initial mass function and massive star evolution suggests that young globular clusters may have formed hundreds to thousands of stellar-mass black holes, the remnants of stars with initial masses from $\sim 20 - 100\, M_\odot$. Birth kicks from supernova explosions may eject some black holes from their birth clusters, but most should be retained. Using a Monte Carlo method we investigate the long-term dynamical evolution of globular clusters containing large numbers of stellar black holes. We describe numerical results for 42 models, covering a range of realistic initial conditions, including up to $1.6\times10^6$ stars. In almost all models we find that significant numbers of black holes (up to $\sim10^3$) are retained all the way to the present. This is in contrast to previous theoretical expectations that most black holes should be ejected dynamically within a few Gyr. The main reason for this difference is that core collapse driven by black holes (through the Spitzer "mass segregation instability") is easily reverted through three-body processes, and involves only a small number of the most massive black holes, while lower-mass black holes remain well-mixed with ordinary stars far from the central cusp. Thus the rapid segregation of stellar black holes does not lead to a long-term physical separation of most black holes into a dynamically decoupled inner core, as often assumed previously. Combined with the recent detections of several black hole X-ray binary candidates in Galactic globular clusters, our results suggest that stellar black holes could still be present in large numbers in many globular clusters today, and that they may play a significant role in shaping the long-term dynamical evolution and the present-day dynamical structure of many clusters., 40 pages in preprint format, 13 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2015

87. Tidal Disruptions of Stars by Black Hole Remnants in Dense Star Clusters.

Author

Kyle Kremer, Wenbin Lu, Carl L. Rodriguez, Mitchell Lachat, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
BLACK holes, GLOBULAR clusters, STAR clusters, STARS
Abstract

In a dense stellar environment, such as the core of a globular cluster (GC), dynamical interactions with black holes (BHs) are expected to lead to a variety of astrophysical transients. Here we explore tidal disruption events (TDEs) of stars by stellar-mass BHs through collisions and close encounters. Using state-of-the-art cluster simulations, we show that these TDEs occur at significant rates throughout the evolution of typical GCs and we study how their relative rates relate to cluster parameters such as mass and size. By incorporating a realistic cosmological model of GC formation, we predict a BH–main-sequence-star TDE rate of approximately 3 Gpc−3 yr−1 in the local universe (z < 0.1) and a cosmological rate that peaks at roughly 25 Gpc−3 yr−1 for redshift 3. Furthermore, we show that the ejected mass associated with these TDEs could produce optical transients of luminosity ∼1041−1044 erg s−1 with timescales of about a day to a month. These should be readily detectable by optical transient surveys such as the Zwicky Transient Facility. Finally, we comment briefly on BH–giant encounters and discuss how these events may contribute to the formation of BH–white-dwarf binaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
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88. Millisecond Pulsars and Black Holes in Globular Clusters.

Author

Claire S. Ye, Kyle Kremer, Sourav Chatterjee, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
BLACK holes, STELLAR dynamics, PULSARS, GLOBULAR clusters, STELLAR evolution, NEUTRON stars
Abstract

Over 100 millisecond radio pulsars (MSPs) have been observed in globular clusters (GCs), motivating theoretical studies of the formation and evolution of these sources through stellar evolution coupled to stellar dynamics. Here we study MSPs in GCs using realistic N-body simulations with our Cluster Monte Carlo code. We show that neutron stars (NSs) formed in electron-capture supernovae (including both accretion-induced and merger-induced collapse of white dwarfs) can be spun up through mass transfer to form MSPs. Both NS formation and spin-up through accretion are greatly enhanced through dynamical interaction processes. We find that our models for average GCs at the present day with masses ≈2 × 105M⊙ can produce up to 10–20 MSPs, while a very massive GC model with mass ≈106M⊙ can produce close to 100. We show that the number of MSPs is anti-correlated with the total number of stellar-mass black holes (BHs) retained in the host cluster. The radial distributions are also affected: MSPs are more concentrated toward the center in a host cluster with a smaller number of retained BHs. As a result, the number of MSPs in a GC could be used to place constraints on its BH population. Some intrinsic properties of MSP systems in our models (such as the magnetic fields and spin periods) are in good overall agreement with observations, while others (such as the distribution of binary companion types) are less so, and we discuss the possible reasons for such discrepancies. Interestingly, our models also demonstrate the possibility of dynamically forming NS–NS and NS–BH binaries in GCs, although the predicted numbers are very small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
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89. How Initial Size Governs Core Collapse in Globular Clusters.

Author

Kyle Kremer, Sourav Chatterjee, Claire S. Ye, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
STELLAR black holes, MONTE Carlo method, GLOBULAR clusters, STAR clusters, MILKY Way
Abstract

Globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way exhibit a well-observed bimodal distribution in core radii separating the so-called core-collapsed and non-core-collapsed clusters. Here, we use our Hénon-type Monte Carlo code, CMC, to explore initial cluster parameters that map into this bimodality. Remarkably, we find that by varying the initial size of clusters (specified in our initial conditions in terms of the initial virial radius, rv) within a relatively narrow range consistent with the measured radii of young star clusters in the local universe (rv ≈ 0.5–5 pc), our models reproduce the variety of present-day cluster properties. Furthermore, we show that stellar-mass black holes (BHs) play an intimate role in this mapping from initial conditions to the present-day structural features of GCs. We identify “best-fit” models for three GCs with known observed BH candidates, NGC 3201, M22, and M10, and show that these clusters harbor populations of ∼50–100 stellar-mass BHs at present. As an alternative case, we also compare our models to the core-collapsed cluster NGC 6752 and show that this cluster likely contains few BHs at present. Additionally, we explore the formation of BH binaries in GCs and demonstrate that these systems form naturally in our models in both detached and mass-transferring configurations with a variety of companion stellar types, including low-mass main-sequence stars, white dwarfs, and sub-subgiants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

90. Binary Black Hole Mergers from Globular Clusters: Masses, Merger Rates, and the Impact of Stellar Evolution

Author

Carl L. Rodriguez, Sourav Chatterjee, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Stellar collision, X-ray binary, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Black hole, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Binary black hole, 13. Climate action, Intermediate-mass black hole, Globular cluster, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Stellar black hole, Spin-flip, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The recent discovery of GW150914, the binary black hole merger detected by Advanced LIGO, has the potential to revolutionize observational astrophysics. But to fully utilize this new window into the universe, we must compare these new observations to detailed models of binary black hole formation throughout cosmic time. Expanding upon our previous work (Rodriguez et al., 2015), we study merging binary black holes formed in globular clusters using our Monte Carlo approach to stellar dynamics. We have created a new set of 52 cluster models with different masses, metallicities, and radii to fully characterize the binary black hole merger rate. These models include all the relevant dynamical processes (such as two-body relaxation, strong encounters, and three-body binary formation) and agree well with detailed direct N-body simulations. In addition, we have enhanced our stellar evolution algorithms with updated metallicity-dependent stellar wind and supernova prescriptions, allowing us to compare our results directly to the most recent population synthesis predictions for merger rates from isolated binary evolution. We explore the relationship between a cluster's global properties and the population of binary black holes that it produces. In particular, we derive a numerically calibrated relationship between the merger times of ejected black hole binaries and a cluster's mass and radius. We explore the masses and mass ratios of these binaries as a function of redshift, and find a merger rate of ~5 Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ in the local universe, with 80% of sources having total masses from $32M_{\odot}$ to $64M_{\odot}$. Under standard assumptions, approximately 1 out of every 7 binary black hole mergers in the local universe will have originated in a globular cluster, but we also explore the sensitivity of this result to different assumptions for binary stellar evolution. [Abridged], 22 Pages, 13 Figures, 2 Tables, updated with description of GW150914. To appear in Phys. Rev. D

91. Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown in LIGO-Virgo data from 2009–2010

Author

C. Osthelder, L. A. Forte, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, D. Fazi, T. Etzel, H. P. Daveloza, Karoline Wiesner, T. Eberle, J. Slutsky, Imre Bartos, J. Li, Prayush Kumar, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Yueh-Feng Liu, Gabriela Gonzalez, J. M. Hallam, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, T. Nash, G. H. Ogin, S. H. Huttner, V. Kondrashov, M. Rodruck, D. Atkinson, F. Garufi, D. Buskulic, Zhi Liu, C. Griffo, A. Gennai, V. Necula, I. Santiago-Prieto, Y. Minenkov, C. Affeldt, V. V. Frolov, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, R. Taylor, G. Gelencser, Stanislav Babak, Gianluca Persichetti, B. Behnke, Duncan A. Brown, Y. J. Jang, Seiji Kawamura, Tania Regimbau, I. Ferrante, Alberto Vecchio, N. Letendre, A. Langley, Riccardo Sturani, G. M. Harry, Andreas Freise, Vincenzo Pierro, K. Venkateswara, M. C. Heintze, Matthew Pitkin, M. Branchesi, J. C. Batch, S. B. Anderson, David H. Shoemaker, C. I. Torrie, D. R. Ingram, R. Cavalieri, Ruslan Vaulin, David B. Tanner, Phil Willems, Sunil Susmithan, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, J. Aasi, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, K. A. Hodge, F. Carbognani, Robert Stone, A. Dietz, H. Wittel, A. Giazotto, S. Grunewald, T. Accadia, M. Sung, M. Di Paolo Emilio, E. Tournefier, T. P. Bodiya, C. Buy, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, M. A. Bizouard, Holger J. Pletsch, D. Verkindt, M. T. Hartman, R. Wooley, M. Shaltev, G. Endroczi, S. Mosca, M. Wade, M. Granata, A. Di Virgilio, L. Taffarello, H. Yamamoto, A. S. Stroeer, V. Litvine, T. Bhadbade, V. Kringel, Amanda J. Page, Badri Krishnan, M. Pedraza, M. Parisi, J.-P. Coulon, Jens Birch, C. J. Bell, L. Palladino, N. Zotov, M. G. Beker, S. Braccini, Z. Frei, J. Logue, S. Chung, Ilya Belopolski, Stefaan Franco, Maria Alessandra Papa, H. Radkins, M. E. Normandin, Mallory S. E. Roberts, Zoltán Keresztes, H. Kaufer, F. Cavalier, A. R. Wade, M. Vavoulidis, C. R. Ramet, R. Flaminio, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, K. Mason, Eric Thrane, N. Beveridge, M. Blom, J.-D. Fournier, S. Privitera, I. Fiori, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, J. C. Driggers, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, C. Bradaschia, A. Mytidis, O. Bock, C. Palomba, B. Schulz, Collin Capano, J. F. Hayau, Harald Lück, J. O'Dell, Eric W. James, C. Michel, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, J. M. Berliner, István Rácz, K. L. Dooley, P.B. Graff, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Hee-Suk Cho, V. Raymond, David Coward, Paul Fulda, M. Britzger, S. C. McGuire, B. Hughey, Sarah Caudill, T. Dayanga, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, N. A. Robertson, Jonathan R. Gair, R. Quitzow-James, R. Day, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, M. Pihlaja, Tomasz Bulik, V. Lhuillier, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, C. Vorvick, E. Amador Ceron, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, R. Bonnand, L. Sperandio, Ilya Mandel, Huan Yang, D. S. Rabeling, B. Daudert, E. Macdonald, B. F. Whiting, Anton B. Ivanov, R. Paoletti, S. Dorsher, Lisa Barsotti, N. A. Lockerbie, François Bondu, D. Hammer, Eric Howell, I. Maksimovic, J. Marque, B. K. Kim, G. Hemming, Rocco Romano, Laura Cadonati, Koji Arai, Riccardo Bassiri, Alessandra Toncelli, John D. Scott, C. Van Den Broeck, R. De Rosa, Samuel J. Waldman, V. Malvezzi, M. A. Barton, G. Cella, Lutz Winkelmann, A. Morgia, Carl L. Rodriguez, Fiona C. Speirits, R. J. G. Jonker, M. Prijatelj, Xavier Siemens, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, D. L. Kinzel, Richard A. Matzner, R. A. Mercer, A. Cumming, C. T. Y. Chung, Larry R. Price, L. K. Nuttall, John Veitch, S. Ast, S. R. P. Mohapatra, S. Gil-Casanova, M. R. Abernathy, Nico Lastzka, S. Penn, L. Bonelli, E. Genin, C. Titsler, H. J. Bulten, T. T. Fricke, E. Maros, Peter Kalmus, W. Z. Korth, Sascha Husa, Meng Wang, Susan M. Scott, D.B. DeBra, P. Wessels, Michael E Zucker, P. Schwinberg, Matthew P. Edgar, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, A. Colla, Vladimir Dergachev, A. Viceré, Teviet Creighton, G. Billingsley, M. MacInnis, C. C. Yancey, V. Dattilo, Stefan Hild, Chad Hanna, James Whelan, Jesper Munch, David Jones, Linqing Wen, Sanichiro Yoshida, C. M. Reed, P. Rapagnani, F. Paoletti, M. A. Frei, L. Rolland, Marco Cavaglia, P. Ajith, Yi Chen, B. Moe, Fabio Postiglione, P. Kwee, K. A. Thorne, J. Heefner, S. Frasca, C. Wilkinson, A. Brillet, K. Kaufman, Fabrizio Barone, M. Cordier, A. Lazzarini, Kipp Cannon, R. L. Ward, Graham Woan, I. Leonor, A. M. Gretarsson, M. Mohan, N. Man, Robert L. Byer, D. Amariutei, W. G. Anderson, Piotr Jaranowski, Florent Robinet, Giacomo Ciani, P. J. Veitch, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, Alessandra Corsi, Stuart Reid, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, A. Basti, R. S. Ottens, Roberto Conte, C. Aulbert, D. Simakov, Mirko Prato, D. Lodhia, J. Bauchrowitz, T. Huynh-Dinh, K. Haughian, Ho-Gyu Lee, J. S. Kissel, M. S. Meyer, A. L. Stuver, D. Passuello, J. K. Blackburn, F. Nocera, M. Damjanic, D. J. White, C. Zhao, C. Poux, A. Mullavey, P. J. Sutton, Maik Frede, M. Zanolin, E. Chassande-Mottin, P. G. Murray, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, Marc Favata, K. Yamamoto, L. E. Wade, Scott Koranda, J. H. Romie, D. Keitel, L. G. Prokhorov, E. Goetz, T. Dent, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, E. J. Daw, Roger Jones, L. Matone, Paolo Addesso, Sheila Rowan, K. D. Giardina, A. K. Zadrożny, A. Nitz, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, P. Puppo, F. Cleva, J. H. Hough, Kazuhiro Hayama, S. Sankar, C. Gill, Y. Wan, R. Passaquieti, C. N. Colacino, B. Sassolas, G. R. Skelton, Jordi Burguet-Castell, F. Martelli, G. Kuehn, L. Cunningham, B. Bouhou, F. J. Raab, Marco Aurelio Diaz, F. Seifert, Peter Fritschel, Todd Adams, S. Vass, D. Talukder, C. V. Torres, I. W. Harry, C. Bogan, Douglas R. Cook, Daniel A. Shaddock, Jolien D. E. Creighton, J. P. Zendri, Kasem Mossavi, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, J. Hanson, M. Stefszky, C. Lawrie, Guido Mueller, Rainer Weiss, Ik Siong Heng, A. Rüdiger, Y. Bao, S. Foley, S. Steplewski, Andrew Lundgren, L. Di Fiore, R. Gouaty, S. Caride, V. Kalogera, Lindy Blackburn, Michael W. Coughlin, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, R. Gustafson, M. Factourovich, M. Mageswaran, Saranya Ghosh, P. Shawhan, Fabrice Matichard, J. R. Leong, Emma L. Robinson, W. Kells, John Nelson, R. W. P. Drever, P. Charlton, V. Sandberg, David Murphy, Charlotte Bond, M. Vasúth, O. Torre, A. Conte, G. D. Hammond, S. Giampanis, M. Pichot, R. Kasturi, Jan Harms, Lucía Santamaría, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, Fausto Acernese, V. Herrera, I. A. Bilenko, C. A. Costa, David J. Ottaway, M. H. Wimmer, J. Abadie, W. W. Johnson, B. Lantz, Kevin M. Ryan, J. Breyer, S. E. Strigin, J. Betzwieser, D. B. Kelley, J. Zweizig, Zhihui Du, C. Gray, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, M. Mantovani, M. Holtrop, Katrin Dahl, T. Isogai, M. Bastarrika, Kentaro Somiya, John Miller, T. Prestegard, F. Kawazoe, Sebastian Steinlechner, F. Y. Khalili, G. Mazzolo, E. Steinert, M. R. Smith, M. Brinkmann, E. Cuoco, Antoine Heidmann, M. C. Araya, R. M. S. Schofield, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, Rosa Poggiani, M. J. Cowart, V. Brisson, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, G. Santostasi, David Blair, M. Was, Matthew Benacquista, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, M. Edwards, M. Tacca, Martin Hendry, H. Vocca, P. Raffai, H. Overmier, Jordan Camp, D. Feldbaum, T. Meier, Rana X. Adhikari, Christopher Wipf, K. V. Tokmakov, Martin Hewitson, Junwei Cao, B. Machenschalk, F. Donovan, J. Hanks, S. Van Der Putten, D. Sellers, M. Pickenpack, M. Bebronne, Ranjan Gupta, L. Naticchioni, W. Chen, L. Bosi, E. Saracco, C. Tomlinson, Soma Mukherjee, Drew Keppel, C. L. Mueller, A. Rocchi, M. Tonelli, D. Hoak, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, Matthew Evans, T. Hong, R. Inta, S. Klimenko, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, M. Agathos, S. R. Morriss, D. Ugolini, H. Fehrmann, D. Moraru, Gianpietro Cagnoli, M. Lormand, D. Yeaton-Massey, E. Jesse, G. A. Prodi, Alexander Wanner, F. Vetrano, Rahul Biswas, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, S. E. Dwyer, J. Pöld, Michael L. Gorodetsky, T. Westphal, M. Davier, Suvadeep Bose, Z. Márka, H. Müller-Ebhardt, M. V. Plissi, F. Frasconi, I. Di Palma, Hartmut Grote, Chris Pankow, A. Chiummo, B. Bland, Luca Gammaitoni, G. Losurdo, Neil J. Cornish, M. Yvert, T. D. Abbott, P. E. Lindquist, Peter Aufmuth, Stephen Fairhurst, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, P. Ruggi, M. Jacobson, P. J. King, A. Singer, B. Shapiro, J. Franc, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Malik Rakhmanov, J. Worden, A. G. Wiseman, J. N. Marx, László Á. Gergely, L. Williams, A. Le Roux, E. Forsi, R. Riesen, D. C. Coyne, K. Grover, K. Izumi, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, A. Effler, Hyun Lee, M. Galimberti, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, V. Re, Christian D. Ott, S. P. Tarabrin, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, A. M. Sergeev, J. C. Barayoga, Richard J. Abbott, A. F. Brooks, J. H. Clayton, S. Doravari, Igor Neri, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, C. Messenger, S. Kandhasamy, I. Yakushin, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, V. Loriette, O. Puncken, R. Schilling, D. Barker, D. Friedrich, Jessica McIver, S. D'Antonio, N. Morgado, N. Leroy, S. Roddy, Tristan Briant, Jeffery Kline, Xuan Wang, A. P. M. ter Braack, J. D. Lough, A. M. Sintes, Lee Samuel Finn, M. Kasprzack, Ping Koy Lam, G. Debreczeni, Evan Ochsner, A. J. Weinstein, D. H. Reitze, P. T. Beyersdorf, G. Kang, S. Márka, L. Pinard, M. Landry, J. Garcia, Kenneth A. Strain, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, B. Mours, M. Born, K. Mailand, Hyun-Chul Kim, Kyungmin Kim, B. O'Reilly, Federico Ferrini, M. Barsuglia, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, A. Grant, G. Vajente, Eric Oelker, Yi Pan, L. Zhang, Elena Cesarini, P. Thomas, Erik Katsavounidis, Douglas H Beck, M. J. Lubinski, G. McIntyre, K. Evans, Leo Singer, Rajesh Kumar, Vladimir B. Braginsky, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, N. Fotopoulos, M. Weinert, F. Fidecaro, Jonah Kanner, G. M. Guidi, J. C. Dumas, R. G. Oldenberg, Roman Schnabel, Takao Mori, J. E. Brau, B. Canuel, A. A. van Veggel, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, M. Phelps, K. Kokeyama, P. Baker, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, E. Coccia, J. G. Rollins, F. Clara, Ludovico Carbone, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, T. Reed, Joseph Gleason, V. Fafone, R. Kurdyumov, M. E. Gáspár, Alessandra Buonanno, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, F. Marion, Moritz Mehmet, J. Steinlechner, Ryan DeRosa, W. Del Pozzo, P. F. Cohadon, Trevor Sidery, H. Heitmann, M. Bitossi, A. Khalaidovski, R. Engel, B. Rankins, F. Salemi, B. E. Aylott, A. M. Cruise, S. Vitale, P. Leaci, D. Nolting, A. Di Lieto, Joshua Yablon, V. Boschi, Namjun Kim, F. Ricci, Vuk Mandic, Th. S. Bauer, J. A. Giaime, Y. M. Kim, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, G. Szeifert, Karsten Danzmann, M. Colombini, M. Punturo, Leopoldo Milano, Shaun Hooper, D. F. Menéndez, Roy Williams, Tenglin Li, Stefan Goßler, I. Kowalska, A. E. Villar, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, Ettore Majorana, P. Ehrens, K. Wette, John J. Oh, Timothy Evans, P. Astone, C. Adams, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, R. M. Cutler, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, Jong H. Chow, A. Pasqualetti, J. Macarthur, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, B. L. Swinkels, C. Graef, Timothy A Welborn, A. Allocca, Grant David Meadors, D. Rosińska, Fan Zhang, M. Heurs, B. Sorazu, A. Thüring, A. C. Melissinos, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, Ruxandra Bondarescu, G. Mendell, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), (Astro)-Particles Physics, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, ESPCI ParisTech, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur ( OCA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, Aasi, J., Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amador Ceron, E., Amariutei, D., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Ast, S., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Bao, Y., Barayoga, J. C. B., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Basti, A., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, T. h. S., Bebronne, M., Beck, D., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Beker, M. G., Bell, A. S., Bell, C., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Berliner, J. M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bhadbade, T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Briant, T., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet Castell, J., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Calloni, Enrico, Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Carbone, L., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavagli?, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chalermsongsak, T., Charlton, P., Chassande Mottin, E., Chen, W., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Chow, J., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. E., Clark, J. A., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. F., Colacino, C. N., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, A., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Coulon, J. P., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Cutler, R. M., Dahl, K., Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S. L., D?antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., De?rosa, R., Debra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Del?pozzo, W., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., DE ROSA, Rosario, Dhurandhar, S., Di?fiore, L., Di?lieto, A., Di?palma, I., Di?Paolo Emilio, M., Di?virgilio, A., D?az, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorsher, S., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Dumas, J. C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Endr?czi, G., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, K., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Farr, B. F., Favata, M., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Forte, L. A., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. D., Franc, J., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M. A., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fujimoto, M. K., Fulda, P. J., Fyffe, M., Gair, J., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Garcia, J., Garufi, Fabio, G?sp?r, M. E., Gelencser, G., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L. ?., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gil Casanova, S., Gill, C., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., Gonz?lez, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Go?ler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Griffo, C., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C., Gupta, R., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hartman, M. T., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayau, J. F., Heefner, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M. A., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Herrera, V., Heurs, M., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Holtrop, M., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh Dinh, T., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., James, E., Jang, Y. J., Jaranowski, P., Jesse, E., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kasprzack, M., Kasturi, R., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kaufman, K., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Keitel, D., Kelley, D., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Keresztes, Z., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, B. K., Kim, C., Kim, H., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, Y. M., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Kr?lak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kurdyumov, R., Kwee, P., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Langley, A., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Le?roux, A., Leaci, P., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Leong, J. R., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Lhuillier, V., Li, J., T. G. F., Li, Lindquist, P. E., Litvine, V., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Logue, J., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J., Lubinski, M., L?ck, H., Lundgren, A. P., Macarthur, J., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., M?rka, S., M?rka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., Mazzolo, G., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mcguire, S. C., Mcintyre, G., Mciver, J., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Men?ndez, D. F., Mercer, R. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mingarelli, C. M. F., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Mori, T., Morriss, S. R., Mosca, S., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., M?ller Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nash, T., Naticchioni, L., Necula, V., Nelson, J., Neri, I., Newton, G., Nguyen, T., Nishizawa, A., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E., Nuttall, L., Ochsner, E., O?dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., J. J., Oh, S. H., Oh, Oldenberg, R. G., O?reilly, B., O?shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Palladino, L., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Paoletti, R., Papa, M. A., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Pedraza, M., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Phelps, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pihlaja, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Poggiani, R., P?ld, J., Postiglione, F., Poux, C., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L. G., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Quitzow James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., R?cz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C., Rankins, B., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, M., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rodriguez, C., Rodruck, M., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romano, R., Romie, J. H., Rosi?ska, D., R?ver, C., Rowan, S., R?diger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sandberg, V., Sankar, S., Sannibale, V., Santamar?a, L., Santiago Prieto, I., Santostasi, G., Saracco, E., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R. L., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sidery, T. L., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G. R., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, R. J. E., Smith Lefebvre, N. D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Speirits, F. C., Sperandio, L., Stefszky, M., Steinert, E., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S. E., Stroeer, A. S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Szeifert, G., Tacca, M., Taffarello, L., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, R., ter Braack, A. P. M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Th?ring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Tomlinson, C., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tse, M., Ugolini, D., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., van den Brand, J. F. J., Van?den?broeck, C., van der Putten, S., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Vicer?, A., Villar, A. E., Vinet, J. Y., Vitale, S., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A., Wade, L., Wade, M., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wan, Y., Wang, M., Wang, X., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D. J., Whiting, B. F., Wiesner, K., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, L., Williams, R., Willke, B., Wimmer, M., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yancey, C. C., Yang, H., Yeaton Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yvert, M., Zadro?ny, A., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. P., Zhang, F., Zhang, L., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., and Pinto, Innocenzo

Subjects
PACS Number: 97.60.Lf, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics, FORMS, PACS number: 04.30.-w, PACS Number: 04.30.Tv, PACS Number: 95.85.Sz, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Observatory, general relativity, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, QB, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Solar mass, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, SPIN, [ SDU.ASTR.CO ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], ACCRETION DISK, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Gravitation, Angular momentum, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [ PHYS.ASTR.CO ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Binary black hole, X-RAY BINARIES, CONTINUUM, X-1, 0103 physical sciences, Coalescence (physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, [ PHYS.ASTR.HE ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astronomy, LIGO, [ SDU.ASTR.HE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]
Abstract

We report a search for gravitational waves from the inspiral, merger and ringdown of binary black holes (BBH) with total mass between 25 and 100 solar masses, in data taken at the LIGO and Virgo observatories between July 7, 2009 and October 20, 2010. The maximum sensitive distance of the detectors over this period for a (20,20) Msun coalescence was 300 Mpc. No gravitational wave signals were found. We thus report upper limits on the astrophysical coalescence rates of BBH as a function of the component masses for non-spinning components, and also evaluate the dependence of the search sensitivity on component spins aligned with the orbital angular momentum. We find an upper limit at 90% confidence on the coalescence rate of BBH with non-spinning components of mass between 19 and 28 Msun of 3.3 \times 10^-7 mergers /Mpc^3 /yr., Comment: 15 pages PDFLaTeX, minor changes to correspond with published version. An archived version with data for plots and tables is at https://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=p1200024 . A Science Summary of the paper for education and public outreach is at http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S6CBCHM/index.php

92. Effects of Stellar-Mass Black Holes on Massive Star Cluster Evolution

Author

Sourav Chatterjee, Carl L. Rodriguez, Frederic A. Rasio, Bharat Pattabiraman, and Meagan Morscher

Subjects
Physics, Stellar mass, Intergalactic star, X-ray binary, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Binary black hole, Space and Planetary Science, Intermediate-mass black hole, Globular cluster, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Stellar black hole, Q star, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Recent observations have revealed the existence of stellar mass black hole (BH) candidates in some globular clusters (GC) in the Milky Way and in other galaxies. Given that the detection of BHs is challenging, these detections likely indicate the existence of large populations of BHs in these clusters. This is in direct contrast to the past understanding that at most a handful of BHs may remain in old GCs due to quick mass segregation and rapid mutual dynamical ejection. Modern realistic star-by-star numerical simulations suggest that the retention fraction of BHs is typically much higher than what was previously thought. The BH dynamics near the cluster center leads to dynamical formation of new binaries and dynamical ejections, and acts as a persistent and significant energy source for these clusters. We have started exploring effects of BHs on the global evolution and survival of star clusters. We find that the evolution as well as survival of massive star clusters can critically depend on the details of the initial assumptions related to BH formation physics, such as natal kick distribution, and the initial stellar mass function (IMF). In this article we will present our latest results.

93. Predicting Stellar-mass Black Hole Populations in Globular Clusters.

Author

Newlin C. Weatherford, Sourav Chatterjee, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
STELLAR black holes, STELLAR populations, GLOBULAR clusters, GIANT stars, CAMERAS
Abstract

Recent discoveries of black hole (BH) candidates in Galactic and extragalactic globular clusters (GCs) have ignited interest in understanding how BHs dynamically evolve in a GC and the number of BHs () that may still be retained by today’s GCs. Numerical models show that even if stellar-mass BHs are retained in today’s GCs, they are typically in configurations that are not directly detectable. We show that a suitably defined measure of mass segregation (Δ) between, e.g., giants and low-mass main-sequence stars, can be an effective probe to indirectly estimate in a GC aided by calibrations from numerical models. Using numerical models, including all relevant physics, we first show that is strongly anticorrelated with Δ between giant stars and low-mass main-sequence stars. We apply the distributions of Δ versus obtained from models to three Milky Way GCs to predict the retained by them at present. We calculate Δ using the publicly available Advanced Camera for Surveys’ survey data for 47 Tuc, M10, and M22, all with identified stellar-mass BH candidates. Using these measured Δ and distributions of Δ versus from models as calibration we predict distributions for expected to be retained in these GCs. For 47 Tuc, M10, and M22 our predicted distributions peak at ≈ 20, 24, and 50, whereas, within the 2σ confidence level, can be up to ∼150, 50, and 200, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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95. Accreting Black Hole Binaries in Globular Clusters.

Author

Kyle Kremer, Sourav Chatterjee, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
BINARY systems (Astronomy), BINARY black holes, GLOBULAR clusters, WHITE dwarf stars, STAR clusters
Abstract

We explore the formation of mass-transferring binary systems containing black holes (BHs) within globular clusters (GC). We show that it is possible to form mass-transferring BH binaries with main sequence, giant, and white dwarf companions with a variety of orbital parameters in GCs spanning a large range in present-day properties. All mass-transferring BH binaries found in our models at late times are dynamically created. The BHs in these systems experienced a median of ∼30 dynamical encounters within the cluster before and after acquiring the donor. Furthermore, we show that the presence of mass-transferring BH systems has little correlation with the total number of BHs within the cluster at any time. This is because the net rate of formation of BH–non-BH binaries in a cluster is largely independent of the total number of retained BHs. Our results suggest that the detection of a mass-transferring BH binary in a GC does not necessarily indicate that the host cluster contains a large BH population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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96. Modeling Dense Star Clusters in the Milky Way and Beyond with the CMC Cluster Catalog

Author

Carl L. Rodriguez, Sourav Chatterjee, Kyle Kremer, Newlin C. Weatherford, Frederic A. Rasio, Nicholas Z. Rui, Giacomo Fragione, Mario Spera, and Claire S. Ye

Subjects
Milky Way, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, Cluster (physics), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar evolution, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Supernova, Star cluster, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Variable star, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present a set of 148 independent $N$-body simulations of globular clusters (GCs) computed using the code $\texttt{CMC}$ ($\texttt{Cluster Monte Carlo}$). At an age of $\sim10-13\,$Gyr, the resulting models cover nearly the full range of cluster properties exhibited by the Milky Way GCs, including total mass, core and half-light radii, metallicity, and galactocentric distance. We use our models to investigate the role that stellar-mass black holes play in the process of core collapse. Furthermore, we study how dynamical interactions affect the formation and evolution of several important types of sources in GCs, including low-mass X-ray binaries, millisecond pulsars, blue stragglers, cataclysmic variables, Type Ia supernovae, calcium-rich transients, and merging compact binaries. While our focus here is on old, low-metallicity GCs, our $\texttt{CMC}$ simulations follow the evolution of clusters over a Hubble time, and they include a wide range of metallicities (up to solar), so that our results can also be used to study younger and higher-metallicity star clusters., Comment: 50 pages, 15 figures, 10 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJS

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97. Constraining Formation Models of Binary Black Holes with Gravitational-wave Observations.

Author

Michael Zevin, Chris Pankow, Carl L. Rodriguez, Laura Sampson, Eve Chase, Vassiliki Kalogera, and Frederic A. Rasio

Subjects
BINARY black holes, GRAVITATIONAL wave astronomy, STELLAR evolution, SUPERGIANT stars, BAYESIAN analysis
Abstract

Gravitational waves (GWs) from binary black hole (BBH) mergers provide a new probe of massive-star evolution and the formation channels of binary compact objects. By coupling the growing sample of BBH systems with population synthesis models, we can begin to constrain the parameters of such models and glean unprecedented knowledge about the inherent physical processes that underpin binary stellar evolution. In this study, we apply a hierarchical Bayesian model to mass measurements from a synthetic GW sample to constrain the physical prescriptions in population models and the relative fraction of systems generated from various channels. We employ population models of two canonical formation scenarios in our analysis—isolated binary evolution involving a common-envelope phase and dynamical formation within globular clusters—with model variations for different black hole natal kick prescriptions. We show that solely with chirp mass measurements, it is possible to constrain natal kick prescriptions and the relative fraction of systems originating from each formation channel with of confident detections. This framework can be extended to include additional formation scenarios, model parameters, and measured properties of the compact binary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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99. BINARY BLACK HOLES IN DENSE STAR CLUSTERS: EXPLORING THE THEORETICAL UNCERTAINTIES.

Author

Sourav Chatterjee, Frederic A. Rasio, and Carl L. Rodriguez

Subjects
BINARY black holes, STAR clusters, KINEMATICS, DYNAMICS, STATISTICS
Abstract

Recent N-body simulations predict that large numbers of stellar black holes (BHs) could at present remain bound to globular clusters (GCs), and merging BH–BH binaries are produced dynamically in significant numbers. We systematically vary “standard” assumptions made by numerical simulations related to, e.g., BH formation, stellar winds, binary properties of high-mass stars, and IMF within existing uncertainties, and study the effects on the evolution of the structural properties of GCs, and the BHs in GCs. We find that variations in initial assumptions can set otherwise identical initial clusters on completely different evolutionary paths, significantly affecting their present observable properties, or even affecting the cluster’s very survival to the present. However, these changes usually do not affect the numbers or properties of local BH–BH mergers. The only exception is that variations in the assumed winds and IMF can change the masses and numbers of local BH–BH mergers, respectively. All other variations (e.g., in initial binary properties and binary fraction) leave the masses and numbers of locally merging BH–BH binaries largely unchanged. This is in contrast to binary population synthesis models for the field, where results are very sensitive to many uncertain parameters in the initial binary properties and binary stellar-evolution physics. Weak winds are required for producing GW150914-like mergers from GCs at low redshifts. LVT151012 can be produced in GCs modeled both with strong and weak winds. GW151226 is lower-mass than typical mergers from GCs modeled with weak winds, but is similar to mergers from GCs modeled with strong winds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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