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54. Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Properties and Fire Behavior of Epoxy Composites Reinforced by Fabrics and Powder Fillers

Author

Sałasińska, Kamila, primary, Kirpluks, Mikelis, additional, Cabulis, Peteris, additional, Kovalovs, Andrejs, additional, Skukis, Eduard, additional, Kozikowski, Paweł, additional, Celiński, Maciej, additional, Mizera, Kamila, additional, Gałecka, Marta, additional, Kalnins, Kaspars, additional, and Cabulis, Ugis, additional

Published
2021
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68. Rigid PUR Foam Impact Absorption Material Obtained from Sustainable Resources.

Author

Kirpluks, Mikelis, Cischino, Elena, Cabulis, Ugis, and Andersons, Janis

Subjects
STRAIN rate, RAPESEED oil, LIGHTWEIGHT materials, FOAM, STRESS-strain curves, BODY weight, IMPACT testing
Abstract

Polyols from different sustainable resources have been widely studied as one of the raw materials for polyurethane (PUR) material production in recent years. The renewable materials have been proven as a viable alternative for petrochemical products from their properties perspective. This study describes the development of rigid PUR foam impact absorption material that was used in electric vehicle crashboxes and crossbeam system. It was a part of EU FP7 Project EVolution that’s goal was to demonstrate the sustainable production of a full electric 600 kg vehicle – NidoEV. This electric car was designed by a company Pininfarina S.p.A. Lightweight materials developed in the project were used to reduce the weight of Body in White which is the heaviest vehicle element, representing about 40% of total vehicle weight. The PUR foams were obtained from polyols synthesized from sustainable resources, like rape seed oil, tall oil and recycled polyethene terephthalate. Properties, such as tensile, compression, impact, compression at high strain rates, thermal stability and morphology, were tested for rigid PUR foams.The high strain rate compression tests were done by modifying puncture impact testing equipment to obtain stress-strain curves of foam material at 100-300 s-1 strain rates. The obtained data were used by project partners to develop finite element model of crossbeam front subsystem impact behaviour into a solid wall. Proposed concept was also realized at a demonstrator level and rigid wall crash tests of the developed front subsystem were performed. Obtained results showed that such concept is a viable option for vehicle impact absorption front subsystem and sustainable materials are a suitable alternative for petrochemicals. Final weight reduction was ~50% in respect to the steel baseline, which shows this concepts potential application in automotive industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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77. Rigid Polyurethane Foams From Oxypropylated Wheat Straw Lignin

Author

Paberza, Aiga, Arshanitsa, Alexandr, and Cabulis, Ugis

Abstract

Polyols for rigid PU foams production are derived mostly from petrochemical products but it can be replaced by polyols obtained from natural raw materials (vegetable oils, tall oil, lignin etc.). Organosolve lignin from CIMV biorefinery (France) was used in our work. Different lignin and propylene oxide (PO) ratio (0.15-0.40) was used to get lignopolyols. Commercial polyol Lupranol 3300 was substituted by each lignopolyol in the compositions of rigid PU foams to investigate lignopolyol effect to density, closed cell content, physical-mechanical properties and water absorption. Lignopolyols synthesized from CIMV lignin by oxypropylation reaction is prospective material to obtain rigid PU foam with improved characteristics such as water absorption and compression strength.

Published
2013

78. Flammability and Thermal Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foams Containing Wheat Straw Lignin

Author

Paberza, Aiga, Cabulis, Ugis, and Arshanitsa, Alexandr

Subjects
Flammability, Rigid Polyurethane Foams, Lignin
Abstract

Due to development of new generation of biomass processing, the examination of novel lignin products for creation of lignin-containing PU remains actual up to now. For preparation of lignin containing PU in this study a novel BIOLIGNIN was used. BIOLIGNIN is extracted from wheat straw in organic acid media using biomass refinery technology. The influence of chemically non-modified BIOLIGNIN and oxypropylated BIOLIGNIN on flammability and thermal properties in rigid PU foams was studied. Improvement of flame resistance and thermal stability is observed if chemically non-modified lignin as well as oxypropylated lignin is used.

Published
2013
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79. Two Approaches of Introduction of Wheat Straw Lignin in Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Author

Arshanitsa, Alexandr, Paberza, Aiga, Vevere, Laima, Cabulis, Ugis, and Telysheva, Galina

Abstract

Different separate approaches of CIMV lignin introduction into PUR foam system were studied: as filler without chemical preprocessing and as liquid lignopolyol obtained by lignin oxypropylation in alkali conditions. The incorporation of increasing amount of lignin as filler into reference PUR foam systems on the basis of mixture of commercial polyethers Lupranol 3300 and Lupranol 3422 steadily decreased the compression characteristics of foams, their dimensional stability and hydrophobicity. The complete substitution of Lupranol 3300 by lignopolyol increases its cell structure uniformity and dimensional stability and does not reduce the physical-mechanical properties of foam.

Published
2013

80. Paper waste sludge enhanced eco‐efficient polyurethane foam composites: Physical–mechanical properties and microstructure.

Author

Kairytė, Agnė, Vėjelis, Sigitas, Balčiūnas, Giedrius, Kirpluks, Mikelis, Ivdre, Aiga, and Cabulis, Ugis

Subjects
COMPOSITE materials synthesis, URETHANE foam, WASTE paper, MECHANICAL behavior of materials, MICROSTRUCTURE
Abstract

Increasing demands and consumption of humankind make an increase in paper production, extending the accumulation of paper production wastes. Due to legislations pertaining to environmental pollution, it has become necessary to search for new areas where these wastes could be used. Some of the processes such as milling, purification, etc. of fillers in the production of building materials are expensive and their cost reduction is desirable; therefore, the objective of this research is to develop strong and multifunctional rigid polyurethane foam composites from bio‐based polyol that are filled with unpurified and high distribution in size, having paper waste sludge (PWS) particles, and to investigate the possibility to recycle them as filler in polyurethane composites. The rational amount of PWS particles is 5% by foam mass. PWS particles improve thermal conductivity, water vapor resistance, density, compressive strength, and modulus of elasticity as compared to neat polyurethane foam matrix. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:1852–1860, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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81. Effect of different concentration of rapeseed oil and recycled poly (ethylene terephthalate) in polyols for rigid polyurethane foams.

Author

Ivdre, Aiga, Fridrihsone-Girone, Anda, Abolins, Arnis, and Cabulis, Ugis

Subjects
RAPESEED oil, POLYETHYLENE terephthalate, POLYOLS, URETHANE foam, POLYMERIZATION
Abstract

In this research, polyols from rapeseed oil and recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) were synthesized by two-step continuous synthesis with a different rapeseed oil and poly(ethylene terephthalate) concentration. All rapeseed oil/poly(ethylene terephthalate) polyols showed complete compatibility with blowing agent Solkane 365/227. The resulting polyols were used to prepare rigid polyurethane foams which were characterized with various techniques for determination of their physical, mechanical and thermal insulation properties. The effect of rapeseed oil and poly(ethylene terephthalate) concentrations in polyols on the characteristics of rigid polyurethane foams was investigated. The results showed that obtained rigid polyurethane foams were suitable for thermal insulation appliance. Also, the potential use of rapeseed oil as raw material combined with poly(ethylene terephthalate) to synthesize polyols with good compatibility with blowing agent was confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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82. Thermal Degradation and Physical-mechanical Properties of Lignin-filled Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Author

Paberza, Aiga, Arshanitsa, Alexandr, and Cabulis, Ugis

Abstract

Nowadays, the synthesis of polymers from renewable resources, including polyurethane foams, has been actively investigated. In this work the potential application of lignin (CIMV, France) as non-reactive filler in tall oil amide (OH = 269 mg KOH/g, H2O = 0,2 wt.%) based rigid PU foams is studied. It was concluded that introducing lignin to rigid PU foams systems can increase physico-mechanical properties of foams.

Published
2012

83. Lignin polyol in production of oil based polyurethane elastomers and rigid foams

Author

Vlček, Tomaš, Paberza, Aiga, Kirpluks, Mikelis, and Cabulis, Ugis

Subjects
polyurethane, lignin polyol
Abstract

Nowadays, due to economical and environmental concerns, polyurethane (PU) elastomer and rigid foam industry seeks ways to replace petrochemical polyols by renewable biomass. The aim of this study was to investigate lignin as a co-polyol in a solvent free production of castor oil based PU elastomers and tall oil amide based rigid PU foams. Lignin content correlation influence on PU elastomers and PU rigid foam physical-mechanical and morphological parameters were determinate.

Published
2012

97. Structure and properties of polyurethane foams obtained from rapeseed oil polyols.

Author

Stirna, Uldis, Sevastyanova, Irina, Misane, Maria, Cabulis, Ugis, and Beverte, Ilze

Subjects
POLYURETHANES, RAPESEED oil, GLYCERIN, POLYOLS, HYDROXYL group, ISOCYANATES, FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
Abstract

By transesterifying rapeseed oil with triethanolamine or glycerol, polyols with a hydroxyl number of 290–310 mg KOH/g were synthesized. Water-blown rigid polyurethane foams (PUFs) with an isocyanate index of 150–250 were obtained from rapeseed oil polyols. Studies on the effect of the concentration of potassium oleate, the cyclotrimerization catalyst of isocyanate groups, on the conversion degree of isocyanate groups were carried out using FTIR spectroscopy. The optimal physical and mechanical properties of the obtained PUFs were achieved at an isocyanate index of 150–200. Water-blown PUFs from rapeseed polyols, in contrast to water-blown PUFs from petrochemical polyols, are characterized by quite high hydrophobicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006

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