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The article examines the association between clusters of behavioural risk factors (BRFs) and self-reported health complaints (HCs) among university students in Finland, identifying distinct clusters of students based on lifestyle habits. Topics include the characterization of BRF clusters among students, assessment of socio-demographic factors associated with each cluster, and analysis of the associations between BRF clusters and psychological health complaints reported by the students.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic dramatically impacted the delivery of hospital care in terms of quality and safety. Objectives: To examine complaints from two time points, quarter 4 (Q4) 2019 (pre-pandemic) and Q4 2020 (second wave), and explore whether there was a difference in the frequency and/or content of complaints. Methods: A retrospective analysis of complaints from one Irish hospital was conducted using the Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool (HCAT). Within each complaint, the content, severity, harm reported by the patient, and stage of care were categorised. The complaints were analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests of independence. Results: There were 146 complaints received in Q4 2019 and 114 in Q4 2020. Complaint severity was significantly higher in Q4 2019 as compared to Q4 2020. However, there were no other significant differences. Institutional processes (e.g. staffing, resources) were the most common reason for complaints (30% in Q4 2019 and 36% in Q4 2020). The majority of complaints were concerned with care on the ward (23% in Q4 2019 and 31% in Q4 2020). Conclusions: The severity of complaints was significantly higher in Q4 2019 than in Q4 2020, which requires further exploration as the reasons for this are unclear. The lack of a difference in the frequency and content of complaints during the two time periods was unexpected. However, this may be linked to a number of factors, including public support for the healthcare system, existing system-level issues in the hospital, or indeed increased staff collaboration in the context of the COVID-19 crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article assesses police lesson learning in the context of complaints. First, it discusses their incidence and accounts of complainants' and officers' perspectives. The genesis of 'lesson learning' and the provisions of the Police (Conduct) Regulations 2020 are summarised. Finally, it considers the extent to which the system is likely to replace 'blame' with 'lesson learning', taking account of psychological effects such as cognitive dissonance. The conclusions are drawn that whilst emphasis on lesson learning is welcome, its application requires an improvement-focussed approach requiring investment in training to reach its potential. The effect on police risk aversion will probably be modest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a research study on the justice-based recovery expectations of airline passengers after service failure. The study focuses on the case study of Goa, India and examines the perceived severity and controllability of service failure scenarios and the divergent expectations of justice from the customers' viewpoints. The findings suggest that passengers have different expectations of justice depending on the severity and controllability of the service failure. The study has implications for airline managers in terms of providing appropriate redress and exceeding recovery expectations. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: Citizen complaints are considered by policing researchers as an indicator of police misconduct, and a proxy of police-community relations. Nevertheless, US and EU-based studies tend to focus on sustained complaints as reported by official agencies and officer-based correlates. Using the case of Carabineros, the Chilean militarized police force, this study examines (a) latent topics contained in a large set of complaints against the police on a digital platform, and (b) the change of those topics across time and (c) by complainants' educational level. Methods: We use novel computational natural language processing techniques to identify latent themes across the corpus of complaints (N = 1,623), hosted on an online forum from 2013 to 2020. Results: Our findings show eight latent themes across the corpus. Among others, these themes were related to police effectiveness, police misbehavior, and a master frame of institutional crisis that has significantly grown over the last year. Additionally, differences in the prevalence of topics by complainants' educational level were also found. Conclusions: Our findings contribute to the enterprise of opening the black box of complaints against the police and highlighting opportunities for social accountability in a developing country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Independent police oversight bodies are advocated by human rights organisations to be the most credible and effective solution to address the misbehaviors and systemic malfunction. They have emerged in parallel with independent regulatory agencies in various economic sectors, thus signalling a new trend in governance interpreted as the rise of a 'fourth power.' Still, comparative knowledge is scarce about the nature of delegation of power to police oversight agencies (POAs) and their actions. By analyzing 25 POAs in 20 countries, this article seeks to precisely describe their features in Europe and Quebec (Canada): the timeline of their birth, the scope of delegation (remit, formal independence, powers, resources), and the variations in how they execute their mandate. We unveil a profound heterogeneity across countries. In terms of national patterns, the main divide is between specialised (police only, limited formal independence, more abundant resources) and non-specialised (all public administrations, strong formal independence, limited resources) agencies. The latter tend to act as a public fire alarm to compensate for their lack of resources. Our mapping also contrasts European countries' oversight mechanisms, which rely on professional agencies that are mostly established at the national or state/regional level, with local civilian oversight boards in the US. And, while our results confirm that the 1990s marked a watershed, they question the notion that agencification in the police sector has been a vector for revolution in its governance, since no POA incorporates all the traits required for them to be the fourth power just yet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a systematic literature review which synthesises current knowledge to advance a more sophisticated conceptual framework to measure the return on investment (ROI) in complaints management. Literature is examined from searches of ProQuest, EBSCO, Emerald Plus and Google Scholar to create a road map of extant knowledge published from 1987 to 2021 in marketing and consumer related fields. Five themes associated with ROI measurement research are identified across four time periods: Cost reduction, Organisational learning, Reputational effect, Current customer focus and Social benefits. Few studies develop a comprehensive conceptual framework for the calculation of the ROI. The current literature is then extended, with the development of a framework to assist complaint management researchers and practitioners to evaluate Customer Complaint Management practices. The framework also informs the necessary data collection. Finally, new research directions are outlined to guide scholarly enquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In prisons, participatory mechanisms can foster important outcomes including fairness, legitimacy and dignity. Complaints are one significant (symbolic) mechanism facilitating prisoner participation. Ombud institutions/Ombudsmen handle complaints externally, providing unelected accountability mechanisms and overseeing prisons around the world. A fair complaints process can stimulate prisoner voice, agency and rights protection, potentially averting self-harm and violence, and facilitating systemic improvements. However, complaints mechanisms are little studied. Addressing this gap, we: i) contextualise discussion by demonstrating that prisoners' actions have directly shaped complaints mechanisms available today; ii) outline prison complaints mechanisms in the case study jurisdiction of England and Wales; and iii) provide a critical review of literature to assess whether prison complaints systems are, in practice, participatory, inclusive and fair? We conclude that complaints mechanisms hold clear potential to enhance prison legitimacy, facilitate prisoner engagement and agency, and improve wellbeing and safety. However, myriad barriers prevent prisoners from participating in complaints processes, including culture, fear, accessibility, timeliness, emotional repression, and bureaucracy. The process of complaining and experiences of these barriers are uneven across different groups of prisoners. Our article provides a springboard for future empirical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how callers to an NHS complaints helpline get to "tell their story." As project-based institutional calls, the closure of a complaints call is observably organized around "mutually ratified project completion." Our analysis reveals the practices that callers deploy to resist call handlers' (CH) progress through the institutional phase structure of the call, thus also resisting ratification of their project as complete. We show how these practices are varyingly oriented to (re-)telling elements of the complaint or pursuing legitimation of their complaint and/or identity as "reasonable." Callers' resistance to institutional progressivity is oriented to misalignment in the prior uptake of their complaint narrative, revealing the relationship between projects and "identities" in the context of helpline interactions and the tension between the separate projects of caller and CH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although regulation of pharmaceutical promotion in Canada is covered under the Food & Drugs Act and Regulations, in practice it is regulated by two codes, one a code administered by the Pharmaceutical Advertising Advisory Board and a second one controlled by Innovative Medicines Canada, the lobby organization for the large majority of the Canadian and foreign-owned pharmaceutical companies operating in Canada. This study examines complaints about code violations between 2012 and 2021 and puts those complaints and their outcomes into the context of the stringency of the codes, their governance, monitoring, penalties for violations, and compliance by companies. It combines the findings from this analysis with international experience with industry-run codes and concludes that overall, the Canadian codes are ineffective in controlling promotion. Finally, it offers recommendations for how regulation can be improved and how doctors' reliance on information from pharmaceutical companies can be reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the factors that could predict the airline complaints of 81 young Chinese customers. Results of this study showed that when young Chinese customers believed that male pilots had better flying proficiency, their scores on attitude towards complaint would be higher. In addition, there were significant differences found between male and female participants on the following variables: the number of trips per year by airplane, flying proficiency, flying standards and fly confidence. Overall, airlines should try to reduce the gender prejudice of young Chinese customers, maybe by training and hiring more female pilots, so that there would be less complaints from them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Anesthesiologists and hospitals are increasingly confronted with costs associated with the complications of Peripheral Nerve Blocks (PNB) procedures. The objective of our study was to identify the incidence of the main adverse events associated with regional anesthesia, particularly during anesthetic PNB, and to evaluate the associated healthcare and social costs. Methods: According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a systematic search on EMBASE and PubMed with the following search strategy: (“regional anesthesia” OR “nerve block”) AND (“complications” OR “nerve lesion” OR “nerve damage” OR “nerve injury”). Studies on patients undergoing a regional anesthesia procedure other than spinal or epidural were included. Targeted data of the selected studies were extracted and further analyzed. Results: Literature search revealed 487 articles, 21 of which met the criteria to be included in our analysis. Ten of them were included in the qualitative and 11 articles in the quantitative synthesis. The analysis of costs included data from four studies and 2,034 claims over 51,242 cases. The median claim consisted in 39,524 dollars in the United States and 22,750 pounds in the United Kingdom. The analysis of incidence included data from seven studies involving 424,169 patients with an overall estimated incidence of 137/10,000. Conclusions: Despite limitations, we proposed a simple model of cost calculation. We found that, despite the relatively low incidence of adverse events following PNB, their associated costs were relevant and should be carefully considered by healthcare managers and decision makers.

The article raises certain aspects of organizing the nationwide discussion of the Draft Soviet Constitution of Developed Socialism of 1977 at the regional level. Using as example of the Councils of Ministers of three autonomous republics of the Volga region the Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics, the actions of the regional governments to implement the directives of higher authorities and take into register critical applications, appeals and complaints of Soviet citizens. For this purpose, unpublished documents from the State Archive of the Republic of Mari El, the State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic, and the Central State Archive of the Republic of Mordovia were used as the main source of scientific work. These included resolutions of the Councils of Ministers of the Autonomous Republics, certificates and reports of the organizational and instructor departments of the Councils of Ministers on consideration of citizens appeals, correspondence with authorities, etc. When processing these materials, the method of content analysis, historical-systemic, comparative-historical methods were used. Based on the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that despite the formalized nature of the nationwide discussion, it carried not only a purely ideological function, but also solved a rather significant practical task of establishing a feedback between the authorities and society. The Councils of Ministers of the ASSR collected and analyzed information on citizens critical appeals received by subordinate agencies, and then took measures to solve many economic, domestic and social problems that worried the Soviet people

This article focuses on the legal policy of constitutional complaints in judicial review. It compares the European model (Germany, Austria, Hungary) and Indonesia. These four countries have a legal policy in common, a constitutional court with a centralised court system and judicial review (abstract judicial review, concrete judicial review, and constitutional complaints), but the MKRI lack constitutional complaint. Three constitutional complaints policies in these courts can be used as a reference for the strengths and weaknesses of each judiciary on regulations and legal practices. However, Germany's constitutional complaints policy is better than Austria's and Hungary's. Its excellence is caused all ordinary court decisions as an object dispute; decisions are final and binding; individuals and organisations can submit this application and legal aid by the lawyers or professor of law in the oral hearing; the process only takes one month and is free of charge and the trial with or without an oral hearing. In the future, MKRI needs this authority with legal policy steps amending the MKRI Act, and the last step is an amendment to the 1945 Constitution.

This article explores how complaint investigations undertaken by health ombudsman contribute to the improvement of the healthcare system. Using a qualitative case-study approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants form the Scottish Public Services Ombudsman (SPSO) and three health boards within its jurisdiction. Health board participants were frustrated by complaints process used by the SPSO, in particular the lack of communication during an SPSO investigation especially when there were differences in clinical judgment. Using Braithwaite's typologies of motivational postures and Hertogh's models of administrative control it was found that a sense of capitulation was the primary determinant in ensuring health board compliance with SPSO recommendations and that the relationship between SPSO and health boards was predominantly coercive in nature. For the SPSO to be more effective in contributing to system improvement requires it to review its role and means of conducting complaint investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unter dem Begriff „vorderer Knieschmerz" werden Beschwerden des patellofemoralen Gelenks sowie der angrenzender Strukturen verstanden. Er tritt im Kindes- und Jugendalter häufig auf; insbesondere sportlich aktive Kinder sind betroffen. Der Beitrag in Form einer Checkliste liefert einen stichpunktartigen Überblick zur Definition, Ätiologie und Epidemiologie, klinischen und apparativen Diagnostik, Therapie, Prognose und Sporttauglichkeit des vorderen Knieschmerzes bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. "Anterior knee pain" is defined as complaints of the patellofemoral joint and the adjacent structures. It is a common complaint in childhood and adolescence and is highly prevalent among active individuals. The checklist provides an overview of the definition, etiology and epidemiology, clinical diagnostics and imaging, treatment, prognosis and sports eligibility of anterior knee pain among children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this conversation analytic study, we investigate how customers and staff members manage complaints in Swedish-speaking service interactions in Sweden and Finland. Prior research on complaining has typically distinguished between so-called direct and indirect complaints and studied one of these types. We re-examine this distinction in the context of our data and identify sequences that might better be referred to as hybrid complaints, which share features with both direct and indirect complaints. The hybrid complaints start off as indirect complaints but are oriented to as possibly assigning blame and responsibility for the complainable situation to the recipient. We illustrate the interactional work participants undertake to suppress the 'directness' of such complaints and how they transform them into indirect ones. We also document features that are either common or distinct of the different types of complaints, pertaining to the placement and emergence of complaints, interactional resources used in complaining, and responses to complaints. The findings contribute to a better understanding of different types of complaints and of the management of complaining in institutional interactions. • The article analyzes different types of complaints in service interactions. • The study identifies 'hybrid' complaints, in addition to direct and indirect ones. • Hybrid complaints involve negotiations of responsibility and blame. • The study documents similarities and differences between different complaint types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Clinical negligence claims are relatively common within dentistry and have added to the apprehension felt by dentists, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Previous negligence claims provide an important source of learning for other dentists through identifying contributors to claims and ways in which these may be prevented in future. This paper looks at the key contributing factors to cases using root cause analysis (RCA) and suggests measures that might be put in place to help mitigate these factors in future. Materials and Method: An RCA was undertaken of 30 negligence cases formally reported on by a single Oral Surgeon expert witness in Northern Ireland. Common contributing factors identified were stratified into groups and each factor was individually reviewed to identify potential changes to practice that may prevent similar cases in future. Results: Five key themes were identified as contributing to complaints, and included, task, patient, communication, organisational, and dentist‐related factors. All cases demonstrated contributing factors from multiple themes highlighting the complexity of the work environment and that there are many areas where learning and safeguards can be implemented to reduce the risk of future cases. Conclusion: Negligence cases and complaints are increasingly a part of healthcare, and the Covid‐19 pandemic is likely to have compounded this situation due to reduced capacity, access barriers, deskilling, and lack of hands‐on training. There are, however, many ways to manage and mitigate common errors contributing to cases, and we hope to have been able to highlight these and suggest how they may be avoided in future cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fundamental problems with component production in the automotive industry are the low quality of the components, the high number of failures, and the subsequent number of complaints. The quality of automotive components is a prerequisite for automated production in a SMART Factory 4.0 in the context of Industry 4.0. Managing complaints is a critical area in the automotive manufacturing industry. The primary goal of this article is to indicate the significance of a CRM system and the importance of complaints management in automotive manufacturing, which improves the quality of the process of producing components while improving the quality of the inputs—the quality of materials, the quality of the human factor, and the quality of the services provided in connection with the components. (1) A Slovak company was selected as the subject of this research, which focuses on the production of automotive parts. (2) The methods of research focused on using economic analysis and instruments of quality management such as the QRQC method, FMEA method, the Ishikawa diagram, and the Pareto analysis and Lorenz curve. This article presents the results of complaints about automotive components: locksets in vehicles. (3) This research shows the basic cause of the problem: a bent pin after riveting in the process of producing the components. In the frame of this research, we suggested corrective measures to eliminate the actual causes of failure in the production of the components. The RPN index reached a level below the limit of 150 (the critical level of the customers' requirements) after implementing the corrective measures. The total costs of complaints in this year were calculated to be EUR 13.575 and the costs will be reduced gradually after changes are implemented in the production process. (4) A new complaints information system and a new training center are beneficial for solving problems in the production of automotive components. The implementation of a CRM system and other systems are prerequisites for solving customer complaints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One approach to stimulating patient safety and health care quality is through holding health care professionals legally responsible for their performance. Law and health care variation across countries, however, makes it difficult to get an overview and make comparisons of the personal legal responsibility of health care providers. This article describes health care professional liability and complaint measures in some European countries (UK, The Netherlands, Sweden and Denmark) and US. Countries all have established a public authority to assess complaints about health professional performance and opportunities for economic compensation. The assessment of health professional legal responsibility generally relies on comparisons to supposedly "objective" standards predominantly dictated by the health profession. In line with the aim of ensuring acceptable care for all, health ethics principles on justice, respect for patients' autonomy, and the duty to do good and prevent harm may provide an attractive supplement in the description of legal responsibility in the health professions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to lay some groundwork for expanding the study of speech act pragmatics within the cyber-world. For this purpose, we have investigated complaints in Hebrew online, in an attempt to highlight features that distinguish online communication from face-to-face communication. We have analysed complaints in three major spheres: a) complaints towards public institutions, b) complaints against commercial firms and c) sharing complaints for the common benefit of a social community. In all instances, complainers online co-construct the context and the shared knowledge of the offence (complainable). Like many other studies of online communication, we too found a tendency towards uncivil or aggressive expressions (Vladimirou et al., 2021) especially when there was no hope for "repair" of the situation (ex: these damned people lie to us (in Hebrew 'arurim')). Furthermore, there were individual complainers who used the online platform to gain social and political power presenting themselves as defenders of justice and of the well-being of the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resident complaints are vital to understanding nursing home (NH) quality. Using complaints as facility- and resident-level outcomes, this study replicates prior analyses (spanning 1998–2002 and 2007–2012) with 2013–2017 data, the phase prior to NH regulatory changes initiated in November, 2017. Advancing prior papers, we analyze the number of complaints, allegations, and deficiency citations separately. Between 2013–2017, 458,101 total complaints (5.9/NH/year) were identified, containing 949,466 allegations (12.2/NH/year), and resulting in the issuance of 156,135 deficiency citations (2.0/NH/year) in about 15,600 NHs across the country. Regarding the number of complaints, substantiated complaints, and deficiency citations, results show a steady increase compared to previous years. Furthermore, there are marked differences among the CMS survey regions on the prevalence of overall complaints, substantiated complaints, and deficiency citations. However, the average rate of substantiation of complaint allegations shows a decreasing trend over these years, suggesting that complaints may have increased due to higher care expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A systematic approach to nonconformity management and continuous improvements are the key elements of the quality management system. The objective of this paper is to present quality improvement for a manufacturing company producing forgings through the combination of several statistical methods and quality control techniques. First, Pareto analysis was applied, followed by the 8D (eight disciplines) methodology using a structured eight-step approach to problem solving following the PDCA (plan-do-check-act) method. The aim was to identify the problem and discover the critical causes of failures in the management system that allowed the problem to occur, by modifying and combining appropriate quality management methods and tools. The paper introduces a case study considering the forging process in the production of gearboxes, where customer complaints were identified in the last year, demanding the need to eliminate failures. Using the mentioned methods, the root cause of the problem was identified and permanent corrective action was planned and implemented according to the recommendations of the 8D report, which made it possible to reduce the likelihood of a recurrence of this problem and increase customer satisfaction.

Based on the understanding of the criminal procedure as a means for the protection of rights and freedoms of the individual involved in criminal proceedings, the authors consider unresolved problems and the most topical issues for theory and practice of petitions and complaints in this field. Petitions and complaints are given the appropriate place of a fundamental element in determining the essence of criminal procedure. Purpose: based on the modern understanding of the aim of criminal procedure, to formulate the main directions of the study of the legal institution of petitions and complaints in order to determine their place in the system of theoretical knowledge and in practice. Methods: system analysis, formal and dialectical logic, interpretation of legal norms, comparative historical, comparative legal. Results: the study reveals the relevance of petitions and complaints to the purpose of criminal proceedings, which is to protect the rights and freedoms of persons involved in criminal proceedings. The institution in question, previously underestimated, plays a significant and sometimes decisive role in society’s assessment of the effectiveness of criminal procedure activities in modern conditions. The main lines of scientific researches are identified, which should eventually lead to the development of a full-fledged mechanism for exercising the right to petitions and complaints as a universal and specific legal means that ensures that criminal procedure activity complies with its purpose and the demands of civil society.

Abstract Background The nose is one of the most prominent parts of the face and plays a significant role in peoples’ self-satisfaction as well as quality of life. Rhinoplasty is considered as one of the most numerous and delicate cosmetic surgeries all around the world that can be performed for functional issues, esthetic issues, or both. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the dissatisfaction of patients who had undergone rhinoplasty surgery and inform the surgeons to improve the surgical techniques to prevent probable future complaints. Method This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to report various aspects of dissatisfaction of patients following rhinoplasty. All available files in the Fars Forensic Medicine Department between 2011 and 2020 were reviewed, and the required information was extracted. Results Out of 117 patients, 68.4% were females and 31.6% were males. Most of the patients were in the age range of 30–34 years. In terms of educational attainment, the highest frequency is associated with academically educated patients and the lowest with a diploma. The majority of cases filed for litigation less than 6 months after their rhinoplasty. The first rank among the factors of dissatisfaction with surgeries belonged to “respiratory problems” (36.8%) followed by “dissatisfaction with the general shape of the nose” (34.2%). Conclusion Our study shows that middle-aged female patients may be more difficult to satisfy. In general, at younger ages, patients complain about esthetics, and with aging, most patients feel dissatisfied with nasal function.

Background: Subjective everyday hindrances associated with low-frequency noise (LFN) can be high; however, there is still a lot unknown about experienced complaints. This study aims to investigate (1) subjective complaints and (2) coping strategies of individuals reporting everyday hindrances from LFN. Methods: Cognition, depressive symptoms, sleeping, fatigue, stress, and coping questionnaires were administered to participants sampled for their LFN complaints (LFN1 = 181), LFN complainants derived from a community sample (LFN2 = 239), and a comparison group without LFN complaints (CG = 410). Results: Individuals reporting LFN perceptions reported complaints in all domains and showed a higher proportion of above average symptom severity compared to the CG. Most complaints were reported by the LFN1 group, the least by the CG. However, on some sleeping, fatigue, and stress-related variables, a similar or even higher symptom severity was observed in the LFN2 group. Further, all groups used a similar combination of multiple coping strategies, although the LFN1 group scored higher on support seeking. Conclusions: There might be differences in the complaint severity between different LFN subgroups and future investigations of primary and secondary complaints are necessary. Also, more research about the use and success of coping strategies for LFN-related hindrances are needed for clear conclusions.

According to official WHO statistics, giardiasis ranks third in the structure of childhood parasitic diseases. Constant parasitism of the Giardia pathogen in the small and large intestines leads to disruption of the functional state of the intestinal mucosa and the progression of a nonspecific clinical picture of the disease. On the other hand, with giardiasis, the occurrence of an inadequate immune response to microorganisms leads to skin itching, allergic reactions of various forms and localization on the skin of the face and body. In most cases, the clinical signs of giardiasis in children are masked under various clinical variants of other gastroenterological pathologies and symptoms of allergic diseases, which creates some difficulties in clarifying the diagnosis. For this reason, giardiasis continues to remain one of the pressing medical and social problems facing pediatricians. The study we presented presents the results of a study of the clinical signs and characteristics of the course of giardiasis in 18 children aged 3 to 15 years, accompanied by allergic symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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There has been limited research on the quality of inpatient psychiatry, yet policies to expand access have increased, such as the use of Medicaid Section 1115 waivers for treatment in "Institutions for Mental Disease" (IMD). Using data from public records requests, we evaluated complaints, restraint, and seclusion from inpatient psychiatric facilities in Massachusetts occurring from 2008 to 2018, and compared differences in the rates of these events by IMD status. There were 17,962 total complaints, with 48.9% related to safety and 19.9% related to abuse (sexual, physical, verbal), and 92,670 episodes of restraint and seclusion. On average, for every 30 census days in a given facility, restraint, and seclusion occurred 7.47 and 1.81 times, respectively, and a complaint was filed 0.94 times. IMDs had 47.8%, 68.3%, 276.9%, 284.8%, 183.6%, and 236.1% greater rates of restraint, seclusion, overall complaints, substantiated complaints, safety-related complaints, and abuse-related complaints, respectively, compared to non-IMDs. This is the first known study to describe complaints from United States inpatient psychiatric facilities. Policies should strengthen the implementation of patients' rights and patient-centeredness, as well as external critical-incident-reporting systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endodontic treatment can be challenging for a number of reasons, including the microscopic nature of the clinical environment, reliance on tactile sensation and lack of direct visualization of the work being performed. Commonly, endodontic patients present with pain and distress, which can exacerbate an already difficult clinical situation. Complications may might arise prior to, or during treatment, despite practising with the utmost care and skill. Preventing and managing these complications can take considerable time and energy, and oftentimes assistance from or referral to more experienced colleagues is required. The aim of this review is to discuss medico‐legal considerations in endodontics, with clinical correlations and a focus on the Australian legal landscape. [Correction added on 18 October 2023, after first online publication: The abstract was amended from a structured to an unstructured abstract.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good public service is one indicator of the success of a government in providing satisfaction for the community. Along with the development of information technology, the government is also trying to improve public services by developing information systems that make it easier for people to make complaints or complaints about public services. This research aims to develop an information system that can improve the receipt and handling of customer complaints on public services. The method used in this research is the waterfall method. Data will be collected through interviews with relevant parties in public services, direct observation of the existing complaint system, and literature study related to the development of information systems. The results of this research are expected to produce an effective and efficient information system in receiving and handling customer complaints in public services. In this case, the information system can facilitate customers in making complaints, as well as speeding up the handling process and responses from related parties. So that it is expected to increase customer satisfaction with the public services provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Iliad, first person plural forms are scarcely used with a pseudo-inclusive meaning. This use is observed in potentially face-threatening speech acts, concretely, both in directives and in complaints, and it reflects different (im)politeness strategies. The pseudo-inclusive meaning is promoted by the description of non-factual states of affairs and by contextual devices that orient the discourse to the interlocutor. In directives, pseudo-inclusive forms function, as previous studies have suggested, as a positive politeness strategy. In most of the complaints, on the contrary, the pseudo-inclusive forms may be rather analysed as a negative politeness strategy, particularly, as a means to protect the addressee's self-esteem and dignity. In these contexts, pseudo-inclusive forms contribute to avoid the expression of direct disapproval and accusation. In other complaints, however, pseudo-inclusive forms function as a mock politeness strategy. In these cases, the pseudo-inclusive meaning serves the speaker to humiliate the addressee and to reinforce his/her own social or moral position of superiority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to study the association between self-reported voice disorders among teachers and indoor air quality in school buildings. We performed a questionnaire study of 538 Finnish teachers working in 67 school buildings utilizing both perceived and technical evaluations; the agreement between these two assessments was also studied. The technical assessment was provided by technical experts. Teachers with voice disorders reported significantly more complaints from indoor air than those without voice disorders. The results also indicated a possible connection between the technical assessment and voice disorders. After adjustment for sex, stress and asthma, the prevalence of voice disorders was 47% higher in teachers working in renovated buildings compared to those working in the non-problem buildings (aRR1.47; CI 95% 1.11–1.95). The prevalence of voice disorders was 28% higher among teachers working in buildings with problems compared to those working in non-problem buildings (aRR 1.28; 95% CI 0.99–1.64). In our study, poor perceived indoor air was significantly associated with self-reported voice disorders in teachers and there was an agreement between the perceived and technical assessments. Our results also indicated a possible connection between the technical assessment and voice disorders. Our results imply the need for longitudinal research with technical assessment to study the effect of renovation on voice disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complaints reflect a person's or family's experience within the aged care system and provide important insight into community expectations and consumer priorities. Crucially, when aggregated, complaints data can serve to indicate problematic trends in care provision. Our objective was to characterize the areas of medication management most frequently complained about in Australian residential aged care services from 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020. A total of 1134 complaint issues specifically referenced medication use. Using content analysis, with a dedicated coding framework, we found that 45% of these complaints related to medicine administration processes. Three categories received nearly two thirds of all complaints: (1) not receiving medication at the right time; (2) inadequate medication management systems; and (3) chemical restraint. Half of the complaints described an indication for use. These were, in order of frequency: 'pain management', 'sedation', and 'infectious disease/infection control'. Only 13% of medication-related complaints referred to a specific pharmacological agent. Opioids were the most common medication class referred to in the complaint dataset, followed by psychotropics and insulin. When compared to complaint data composition overall, a higher proportion of anonymous complaints were made about medication use. Residents were significantly less likely to lodge complaints about medication management, probably due to limited engagement in this part of clinical care provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complaining constitutes a face-threatening and intricate speech act for native and non-native speakers of a language. Complaining implies reacting with discontentment to an act performed by the complainee, who is often urged to redress the predicament. In this context, pragmatic skills are vital because, unless endowed with an appropriate pragmatic repertoire and the corresponding language adequacy, speakers may jeopardize the communication process. Written complaints by non-native students have attracted scholarly attention in different contexts. However, written complaints by Spanish EFL students have been mostly neglected to date. Likewise, the influence of the writer's gender on how complaints are performed has rendered some remarkable albeit scant studies. This study addresses the moves, strategies and substrategies deployed by Spanish EFL students in their emails of complaint, specifically looking into how the variable of gender influences their formulation of emails of complaint. For this purpose, emails of complaint of 90 L2 Spanish students with a certified C1 level were analyzed. Results show that students often transfer substrategies from their L1 and tend to delay the statement of the complaint in favor of lengthy openers, in contrast to native speakers. Furthermore, this preference for over-mitigation and over-politeness is especially employed by female students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As future service providers, students in the Degree of Tourism need to adequately perform in their L2 in very specific professional settings. One of them is that of service encounters, whose mediated nature has become predominant nowadays. The present study aims to contribute to the existing body of research on the review response genre by analyzing how Spanish students of tourism respond to a group of complaints from TripAdvisor (Vásquez, 2011; Zhang and Vásquez, 2014). This will be done by placing the focus on the moves (Ho, 2017a) employed by the students, as well as the sequence in which they are used. The ultimate goal is to determine if these potential service providers’ selection of moves and their order coincide with those normally used by actual hotel representatives (Ho, 2017a).

The background of this research is the maladministration of Makassar Polrestabes services which can be seen in public complaints to the Ombudsman. The research problem is how responsive the handling of public complaints is. This study aims to determine the responsiveness in handling complaints in accordance with the provisions of the regulations. The approach used is a qualitative method with a phenomenological type, data obtained from informants namely the head and assistants of the RI Ombudsman Representative for South Sulawesi, Makassar Police Chief and staff, and the reporting community. Collecting data through interviews, observation and document review. The Miles and Huberman model interactive data analysis through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and inference/verification. The results of the study found three aspects of service responsiveness, namely input responsiveness, process responsiveness, and output responsiveness. All three have been carried out well based on work patterns that refer to applicable regulations. In the aspect of input responsiveness, the reporting community still complains because it is constrained by administrative and substantive requirements so that the report is not processed to the case register stage. Settlement of public complaints regarding maladministration of Makassar Polrestabes services is resolved with recommendations for clarification, mediation or conciliation, by providing understanding to the public on the service process. To increase responsiveness, the Ombudsman needs to carry out intensive socialization and assistance to parties affected by maladministration.

The difficult situation of the agricultural and food supply chainin the European Union, regarding both commercial practices and the differentbargain powers of the parties to the chain, led to the enactment of Directive2019/633. The Directive provides for minimum harmonization and its transpositioninto the Spanish legal order has been complex and fragmentary. Parts of thattransposition raise doubts as per their pertinence and seem to lack ambition.This article discusses the difficulties in assessing the extent to which the Spanishtransposition of the Directive remained within its goals and objectives. It arguesthat the Spanish legislator might have gone beyond the objectives of theDirectives and entered other regulatory areas.

Research into police misconduct traditionally considers the correlates and antecedents of misconduct among individual officers, as a means of disruption or prevention. However, more recently, deviance among police has been considered through network perspectives. This study considered 7755 allegations of misconduct accrued by 1495 officers from the Baltimore Police Department between January 2015 to January 2020. A social network analysis was employed to consider the characteristics and differences of misconduct networks between assignments and to identify key officers within these networks. Findings suggested that the misconduct networks of patrol assignments functioned marginally different to investigations or specialist duties. Discrete communities of misconduct were identified within each assignment, including a small number of officers that were particularly important to supporting these networks. This study holds practical implications for the identification and disruption of misconduct networks among law enforcement agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]