182 results on '"COLETTA S"'
Search Results
52. MEET THE ADVISORS
- Author
-
Coletta, S S, primary
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. Rhabdomyolysis after cerivastatin-gemfibrozil therapy in an HIV-infected patient with protease inhibitor-related hyperlipidemia.
- Author
-
Mastroianni, Claudio M., d'Ettorre, Gabriella, Forcina, Gabriele, Lichtner, Miriam, Corpolongo, Angela, Coletta, Simona, Vullo, Vincenzo, Mastroianni, C M, d'Ettorre, G, Forcina, G, Lichtner, M, Corpolongo, A, Coletta, S, and Vullo, V
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. 18 AGLIADIN 31–43 SEQUENCE ACTIVATES INTESTINAL CELLMEDIATED IMMUNITY IN THE CELIAC MUCOSA
- Author
-
Maiurl, L., Troncone, R., Coletta, S., de Ritis, G., Picarelli, A., Fais, S., and Auricchio, S.
- Published
- 1993
55. Coronary Physiology Assessment for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease
- Author
-
Fabio Fimiani, Paolo Calabrò, Vincenzo Diana, Alessandra Schiavo, Matteo Conte, Dario Di Maio, Felice Gragnano, Elisabetta Moscarella, Arturo Cesaro, Alfonso Ielasi, Silvio Coletta, Moscarella, E., Gragnano, F., Cesaro, A., Ielasi, A., Diana, V., Conte, M., Schiavo, A., Coletta, S., Di Maio, D., Fimiani, F., and Calabro', P.
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,IFR ,Coronary stenosis ,Coronary Artery Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Revascularization ,FFR ,QFR ,Coronary artery disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business.industry ,Coronary Stenosis ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Physiologic assessment ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ,Cardiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Coronary physiology - Abstract
Functionally significant coronary lesions identification is necessary for appropriate revascularization. This review aims to provide an overview of the available options for coronary stenosis physiologic evaluation with a focus on the latest developments in the field.
- Published
- 2020
56. Morphological method for the diagnosis of human adult type hypolactasia
- Author
-
A Breglia, Mauro Rossi, Valeria Raia, Francesco Paparo, Luigi Maiuri, S Coletta, Salvatore Auricchio, F Mazzeo, Maiuri, L, Rossi, M, Raia, Valeria, Paparo, F, Coletta, S, Mazzeo, F, Breglia, A, and Auricchio, S.
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Biology ,Lactase activity ,Jejunum ,Sucrase ,Internal medicine ,Biopsy ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Aged ,education.field_of_study ,Microvilli ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Gastroenterology ,Lactase ,Middle Aged ,beta-Galactosidase ,Immunohistochemistry ,Disaccharidase ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Research Article - Abstract
The primary adult type hypolactasia is the most common form of genetically determined disaccharidase deficiency. This study examined a large and homogeneous population of the south of Italy: surgical biopsy specimens of proximal jejunum from 178 adult subjects have been assayed for disaccharidase activities; the expression of lactase protein and lactase activity has also been investigated on tissue sections by immunomorphological and enzymohistochemical techniques. Histograms of lactase to sucrase ratio were found to provide a useful distribution of the lactase activity; a lactase to sucrase ratio of 0.17 was found to show discrimination between tissues with persistence of high lactase activity and tissues with adult type hypolactasia. In all 28 subjects with persistent high lactase activity, a uniform distribution of lactase protein and lactase activity in all villus enterocytes was detected, whereas in all 150 subjects with adult type hypolactasia a variable number of villus enterocytes failed to express the lactase. Moreover in hypolactasic samples the lactase activity on tissue sections was constantly detected later than in samples with persistent high lactase activity. The absolute correlation between the immunohistochemical and enzymohistochemical features and the assessment of lactase activity in intestinal homogenates suggests that the morphological criteria are an alternative method for the diagnosis of adult type hypolactasia in human biopsy specimens from proximal small jejunum.
- Published
- 1994
57. DNA fragmentation is a feature of cystic fibrosis epithelial cells: a disease with inappropriate apoptosis?
- Author
-
Valeria Raia, Marco Londei, Luigi Maiuri, Giorgio de Ritis, S. Coletta, Salvatore Auricchio, Giulio De Marco, Maiuri, L, Raia, Valeria, DE MARCO, G, Coletta, S, DE RITIS, G, Londei, M, and Auricchio, S.
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Exocrine gland ,Adolescent ,Cystic Fibrosis ,Duodenum ,Biophysics ,Apoptosis ,Bronchi ,DNA Fragmentation ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Cystic fibrosis ,Epithelium ,Structural Biology ,DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase ,Culture Techniques ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Child ,Molecular Biology ,Lung ,Programmed cell death ,TUNEL assay ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Molecular biology ,Immunohistochemistry ,Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ,Small intestine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gastric Mucosa ,Child, Preschool ,biology.protein ,DNA fragmentation ,Female ,Digoxigenin - Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a single-gene disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, which result in disrupted chloride secretions with inspissated mucous secretions by exocrine glands. Nick-end labelling was used to assess DNA fragmentation in 14 CF and 24 control duodenal samples, and in two CF and two control lung tissues. In CF small intestine median 46% (range: 30–82) villus enterocytes show DNA fragmentation (vs. 3% (range: 1–7) in controls P
- Published
- 1997
58. Antigliadin antibody, D-xylose and cellobiose/mannitol permeability tests as indicators of mucosal damage in children with coeliac disease
- Author
-
A. Starita, Luigi Greco, S. Coletta, M Mayer, Riccardo Troncone, Troncone, Riccardo, Starita, A, Coletta, S, Mayer, M, and Greco, Luigi
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Cellobiose ,Xylose ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Gastroenterology ,Gliadin ,Coeliac disease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,Biopsy ,Humans ,Medicine ,Mannitol ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Child ,Autoantibodies ,Breath test ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Celiac Disease ,Intestinal Absorption ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Antibody ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A dual sugar (cellobiose/mannitol) permeability test using an iso-osmolar solution was performed, to 1 compare its ability to predict small-bowel mucosal damage in children affected by coeliac disease with the determination of serum levels of D-xylose and antigliadin antibody. Eighty-three children (67 on gluten-containing diet and 16 on gluten-free diet) were investigated. The D-xylose and the serum antigliadin antibody test predicted accurately 70% and 78% of the small-bowel biopsy results, respectively, whereas the cellobiose-mannitol permeability test predicted 93%. These data confirm the superiority of the permeability test over the D-xylose test, although the former cannot be advocated as a substitute for jejunal biopsy. Our results suggest a complementary use of the permeability test and the antigliadin antibody measurement as screening tests for coeliac disease before applying more invasive procedures.
- Published
- 1992
59. Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Crohn's Patients on Adalimumab Who Received COVID-19 Vaccination.
- Author
-
De Luca M, Musio B, Balestra F, Arrè V, Negro R, Depalo N, Rizzi F, Mastrogiacomo R, Panzetta G, Donghia R, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Piccinno E, Scalavino V, Serino G, Maqoud F, Russo F, Orlando A, Todisco S, Mastrorilli P, Curri ML, Gallo V, Giannelli G, and Scavo MP
- Subjects
- Humans, COVID-19 Vaccines adverse effects, BNT162 Vaccine, Female, Male, Adult, Crohn Disease drug therapy, Crohn Disease metabolism, Adalimumab therapeutic use, Adalimumab adverse effects, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 immunology, SARS-CoV-2, Extracellular Vesicles metabolism, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus metabolism, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology
- Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affecting the gastrointestinal tract that can also cause extra-intestinal complications. Following exposure to the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein, some patients experienced a lack of response to the biological drug Adalimumab and a recrudescence of the disease. In CD patients in progression, resistant to considered biological therapy, an abnormal increase in intestinal permeability was observed, more often with a modulated expression of different proteins such as Aquaporin 8 (AQP8) and in tight junctions (e.g., ZO-1, Claudin1, Claudin2, Occludin), especially during disease flares. The aim of this study is to investigate how the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could interfere with IBD therapy and contribute to disease exacerbation. We investigated the role of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the impact of various EVs components, namely, exosomes (EXOs) and microvesicles (MVs), in modulating the expression of molecules involved in the exacerbation of CD, which remains unknown.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
60. Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Liver Cells Viability and Reactive Oxygen Species in Patients Following a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet.
- Author
-
Balestra F, Negro R, De Luca M, Depalo N, Rizzi F, Panzetta G, Arrè V, Mastrogiacomo R, Coletta S, Stabile D, Pesole PL, Cerabino N, Di Chito M, Shahini E, Giannelli G, De Pergola G, and Scavo MP
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Cell Line, Liver Cirrhosis metabolism, Liver Cirrhosis diet therapy, Exosomes metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Diet, Ketogenic methods, Extracellular Vesicles metabolism, Cell Survival, Ketone Bodies metabolism, Hepatocytes metabolism
- Abstract
The VLCKD is a diet recognized to promote rapid fat mobilization and reduce inflammation, hepatic steatosis, and liver fibrosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate cell-to-cell communication. The aim of the study is to investigate the role of circulating EVs in cell proliferation, ketone bodies, and ROS production in patients on an 8-week VLCKD regimen. Participants were classified as responders (R) or non-responders (NR) to VLCKD treatment based on their fibroscan results. In vitro experiments with the hepatic cell lines HEPA-RG (normal hepatocytes) and LX-2 (stellate cells) were conducted to investigate the effects of circulating EVs on cell viability, ROS production, and ketone body presence. The findings reveal a notable reduction in cell viability in both cell lines when treated with exosomes (EXOs). In contrast, treatment with microvesicles (MVs) did not appear to affect cell viability, which remained unchanged. Additionally, the levels of ketone bodies measured in urine were not consistently correlated with the reduction of fibrosis in responders (R). Similarly, an increase in ketone bodies was observed in non-responders (NR), which was also not aligned with the expected reduction in fibrosis. This inconsistency stands in stark contrast to the levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which exhibited a clear and consistent pattern in accordance with the dietary intervention. Finally, in this preliminary study, ROS has been identified as a potential diet adherence marker for VLCKD patients; the ROS levels reliably follow the progression of the fibrosis response, providing a more accurate reflection of the therapeutic effects.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
61. Lateral inhibition in V1 controls neural & perceptual contrast sensitivity.
- Author
-
Del Rosario J, Coletta S, Kim SH, Mobille Z, Peelman K, Williams B, Otsuki AJ, Del Castillo Valerio A, Worden K, Blanpain LT, Lovell L, Choi H, and Haider B
- Abstract
Lateral inhibition is a central principle for sensory system function. It is thought to operate by the activation of inhibitory neurons that restrict the spatial spread of sensory excitation. Much work on the role of inhibition in sensory systems has focused on visual cortex; however, the neurons, computations, and mechanisms underlying cortical lateral inhibition remain debated, and its importance for visual perception remains unknown. Here, we tested how lateral inhibition from PV or SST neurons in mouse primary visual cortex (V1) modulates neural and perceptual sensitivity to stimulus contrast. Lateral inhibition from PV neurons reduced neural and perceptual sensitivity to visual contrast in a uniform subtractive manner, whereas lateral inhibition from SST neurons more effectively changed the slope (or gain) of neural and perceptual contrast sensitivity. A neural circuit model identified spatially extensive lateral projections from SST neurons as the key factor, and we confirmed this with anatomy and direct subthreshold measurements of a larger spatial footprint for SST versus PV lateral inhibition. Together, these results define cell-type specific computational roles for lateral inhibition in V1, and establish their unique consequences on sensitivity to contrast, a fundamental aspect of the visual world.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
62. Gender Differences in Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis in Overweight and Obese Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease before and after 8 Weeks of Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet.
- Author
-
Rinaldi R, De Nucci S, Donghia R, Donvito R, Cerabino N, Di Chito M, Penza A, Mongelli FP, Shahini E, Zappimbulso M, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Triggiani V, Cozzolongo R, Giannelli G, and De Pergola G
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Sex Factors, Caloric Restriction methods, Fatty Liver diet therapy, Body Mass Index, Insulin Resistance, Body Composition, Metabolic Syndrome diet therapy, Liver metabolism, Diet, Ketogenic methods, Obesity diet therapy, Obesity complications, Liver Cirrhosis diet therapy, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Overweight diet therapy, Overweight complications
- Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are linked to steatotic liver disease (SLD), the most common form of chronic liver disease. Lifestyle modifications and dieting are strategies that can prevent metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is a helpful treatment for MASLD and has been recommended for people affected by obesity; we evaluated the effect of gender on steatosis and fibrosis in a cohort of 112 overweight or obese patients undergoing an eight-week treatment with a VLCKD. Differences between the genders in terms of anthropometric measures, body composition, and metabolic indicators were examined before, during, and after the nutritional intervention. At baseline, there were significant differences between men and women in terms of anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting insulin, hepatic markers, and lipid profile. Men had considerably higher levels of liver steatosis (measured by CAP) and liver stiffness (measured by E) under basal conditions than women. After the VLCKD, there were reductions in both genders of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, insulin resistance, fat mass (FM), free fat mass (FFM), and fasting blood glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γGT), and uric acid levels. Only in men, liver stiffness, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels significantly decreased. Moreover, men had significantly greater levels of liver steatosis: the male gender featured an increase of 23.96 points of the Fibroscan CAP. Men exhibited higher levels of steatosis and fibrosis than women, and these differences persist despite VLCKD. These gender-specific variations in steatosis and fibrosis levels could be caused by hormonal and metabolic factors, suggesting that different therapeutic strategies might be required depending on the gender.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
63. Sunflower seed-derived bioactive peptides show antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity: From in silico simulation to the animal model.
- Author
-
Tonolo F, Coletta S, Fiorese F, Grinzato A, Albanesi M, Folda A, Ferro S, De Mario A, Piazza I, Mammucari C, Arrigoni G, Marin O, Cestonaro G, Nataloni L, Costanzo E, Lodovichi C, Rigobello MP, and de Bernard M
- Subjects
- Animals, Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 genetics, Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 metabolism, NF-E2-Related Factor 2 genetics, NF-E2-Related Factor 2 metabolism, Zebrafish metabolism, Peptides pharmacology, Peptides metabolism, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Models, Animal, Computer Simulation, Antioxidants chemistry, Helianthus metabolism
- Abstract
The evolving field of food technology is increasingly dedicated to developing functional foods. This study explored bioactive peptides from sunflower protein isolate (SPI), obtained from defatted flour, a by-product of the oil processing industry. SPI underwent simulated gastrointestinal digestion and the obtained peptide-enriched fraction (PEF) showed antioxidant properties in vivo, in zebrafish. Among the peptides present in PEF identified by mass spectrometry analysis, we selected those with antioxidant properties by in silico evaluation, considering their capability to interact with Keap1, key protein in the regulation of antioxidant response. The selected peptides were synthesized and evaluated in a cellular model. As a result, DVAMPVPK, VETGVIKPG, TTHTNPPPEAE, LTHPQHQQQGPSTG and PADVTPEEKPEV activated Keap1/Nrf2 pathway leading to Antioxidant Response Element-regulated enzymes upregulation. Since the crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-κB is well known, the potential anti-inflammatory activity of the peptides was assessed and principally PADVTPEEKPEV showed good features both as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Enrico Costanzo, Luigi Nataloni and Giulia Cestonaro (Cereal Docks S.p.A.) has patent # IT102022000016812 pending to Assignee., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
64. Effect of a 12-Week Walking Program Monitored by Global Physical Capacity Score (GPCS) on Circulating Cell-Free mtDNA and DNase Activity in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
- Author
-
Chimienti G, Russo F, Bianco A, Maqoud F, De Virgilio C, Galeano G, Orlando A, Riezzo G, D'Attoma B, Ignazzi A, Linsalata M, Prospero L, Franco I, Bagnato CB, Curci R, and Coletta S
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Deoxyribonucleases metabolism, Deoxyribonucleases genetics, Exercise physiology, Irritable Bowel Syndrome genetics, Irritable Bowel Syndrome metabolism, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Cell-Free Nucleic Acids genetics, Walking
- Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) involves low-grade mucosal inflammation. Among the various approaches capable of managing the symptoms, physical activity is still under investigation. Despite its benefits, it promotes oxidative stress and inflammation. Mitochondria impacts gut disorders by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns, such as cell-free mtDNA (cf-mtDNA), which support inflammation. This study evaluated the effects of a 12-week walking program on the cf-mtDNA and DNase in 26 IBS and 17 non-IBS subjects. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. Digital droplet PCR was used to quantify cf-mtDNA; DNase activity was assessed using a single radial enzyme diffusion assay. PCR-RFLP was used to genotype DNASE1 rs1053874 SNP. Significantly lower IL-10 levels were found in IBS than in non-IBS individuals. Exercise reduced cf-mtDNA in non-IBS subjects but not in IBS patients. DNase activity did not correlate with the cf-mtDNA levels in IBS patients post-exercise, indicating imbalanced cf-mtDNA clearance. Different rs1053874 SNP frequencies were not found between groups. The study confirms the positive effects of regular moderate-intensity physical activity in healthy subjects and its role in cf-mtDNA release and clearance. Walking alone might not sufficiently reduce subclinical inflammation in IBS, based on imbalanced pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules. Prolonged programs are necessary to investigate their effects on inflammatory markers in IBS.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
65. Higher-Level Steatosis Is Associated with a Greater Decrease in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatoic Liver Disease after Eight Weeks of a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) in Subjects Affected by Overweight and Obesity.
- Author
-
Sila A, De Nucci S, Bonfiglio C, Di Stasi V, Cerabino N, Di Chito M, Rinaldi R, Cantalice P, Shahini E, Giannuzzi V, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Tutino NM, Piazzolla G, Cozzolongo R, Giannelli G, and De Pergola G
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Female, Adolescent, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged, Overweight, Obesity metabolism, Fibrosis, Diet, Ketogenic, Fatty Liver complications, Digestive System Diseases
- Abstract
The most common form of chronic liver disease, recently defined as MASLD, is strongly linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle changes are part of MASLD prevention. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is a useful option for treating MASLD and reducing liver steatosis in patients with obesity. We assessed whether a greater degree of steatosis could have a positive or negative impact on how well 8 weeks of using the VLCKD improve steatosis and fibrosis in a patient population of overweight and obese individuals. Anthropometric parameters, along with changes in hormone and metabolic biomarkers, were also assessed both before and after the dietary change. The study population included 111 overweight (14.41%) or obese subjects (85.59%) aged between 18 and 64 years; the 75 women and 36 men involved were not taking any medicine. In both the raw (0.37 95% CI 0.21; 0.52) and the multivariate models ( model a : 0.439 95% CI 0.26; 0.62; model b : 0.437 95% CI 0.25; 0.63), there was a positive and statistically significant correlation between the CAP delta value and the CAP before using the VLCKD. Additionally, the liver stiffness delta was found to be positively and statistically significantly correlated with liver stiffness before the use of the VLCKD in both models: the multivariate model ( model a : 0.560 95% CI 0.40; 0.71; model b : 0.498 95% CI 0.34; 0.65) and the raw model (0.52 95% CI 0.39; 0.65). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, insulin resistance (measured by HOMA-IR), insulin, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides, BMI, waist circumference, and fat mass, were all decreased ( p < 0.001) following the use of the VLCKD. However, following the use of the VLCKD, there was an increase in vitamin D levels. ( p < 0.001). We found that using the VLCKD for 8 weeks has a greater effect on improving steatosis and fibrosis in subjects who initially have more severe forms of these conditions.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
66. Effects of Egg Consumption on Subjects with SLD or Hypertension: A MICOL Study.
- Author
-
Tatoli R, Bonfiglio C, Cuccaro F, Campanella A, Coletta S, Pesole PL, Giannelli G, and Donghia R
- Subjects
- Humans, Diet, Eggs, Hypertension epidemiology, Fatty Liver, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is defined as a fat accumulation in more than 5% of hepatocytes; it can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), associated with an increased state of inflammation. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of eating eggs and any association with SLD and hypertension (HTN)., Methods: The study cohort included 908 participants assessed in the fourth recall of the MICOL study, grouped into four groups, based on NALFD and/or HTN., Results: The prevalence of HTN and SLD among participants was 31.61%. Overall, the results indicated a statistical significance of egg consumption, showing a protective role against the two disease conditions, in both the raw and adjusted models (RRR = 0.34, p = 0.009, 0.15 to 0.76 95% C.I.)., Conclusions: Many differences were found among the groups, and the protective role of eating eggs was amply demonstrated. We can conclude that it is unwise to demonize the intake of this food and its nutritional properties, in contrast with previous reports in the literature.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
67. Antithrombotic Therapy Optimization in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
- Author
-
Gragnano F, Capolongo A, Micari A, Costa F, Garcia-Ruiz V, De Sio V, Terracciano F, Cesaro A, Moscarella E, Coletta S, Raucci P, Fimiani F, De Luca L, Gargiulo G, Andò G, and Calabrò P
- Abstract
The antithrombotic management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) poses numerous challenges. Triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT), which combines dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with oral anticoagulation (OAC), provides anti-ischemic protection but increases the risk of bleeding. Therefore, TAT is generally limited to a short phase (1 week) after PCI, followed by aspirin withdrawal and continuation of 6-12 months of dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT), comprising OAC plus clopidogrel, followed by OAC alone. This pharmacological approach has been shown to mitigate bleeding risk while preserving adequate anti-ischemic efficacy. However, the decision-making process remains complex in elderly patients and those with co-morbidities, significantly influencing ischemic and bleeding risk. In this review, we discuss the available evidence in this area from randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses for post-procedural antithrombotic therapies in patients with non-valvular AF undergoing PCI.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
68. Galad Score as a Prognostic Marker for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
- Author
-
Cagnin S, Donghia R, Martini A, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Shahini E, Boninsegna G, Biasiolo A, Pontisso P, and Giannelli G
- Subjects
- Humans, alpha-Fetoproteins analysis, Biomarkers, Tumor, Prognosis, Biomarkers, ROC Curve, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Prothrombin, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular pathology, Liver Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for more than 75% of primary liver cancers, which are the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The GALAD (gender, age, AFP-L3, AFP, and des-carboxy-prothrombin) score is a diagnostic tool developed based on gender, age, alpha-fetoprotein, alpha-fetoprotein L3, and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin, originally designed as a diagnostic tool for HCC in high-risk patients., Methods: We analyzed 212 patients with and without cirrhosis. The population study was divided into patients with liver cirrhosis without evidence of HCC at the time of serum sample collection for GALAD score determination and patients with liver cirrhosis and a confirmed diagnosis of HCC at the time of serum sample collection for GALAD score determination. Patients were followed up until death or liver transplantation. The association between variables and HCC mortality risk was performed, and the results were presented as hazard ratio (HR). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the performance of the GALAD HCC diagnosis. The survival probability was explored using the non-parametric test, and the equality of survival amongst categories was assessed with the log-rank test., Results: Biomarkers were higher in the HCC group compared to cirrhosis. Kaplan-Meier survival probability analysis for individual GALAD categories revealed that a high GALAD level was associated with decreased survival during follow-up, and the difference between the curves was statistically significant ( p = 0.01)., Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the GALAD score has promise as a prognostic tool, with implications for improving patient management and treatment strategies for HCC.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
69. Secondary Prevention and Extreme Cardiovascular Risk Evaluation (SEVERE-1), Focus on Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors: The Study Protocol.
- Author
-
Maloberti A, Intravaia RCM, Mancusi C, Cesaro A, Golia E, Ilaria F, Coletta S, Merlini P, De Chiara B, Bernasconi D, Algeri M, Ossola P, Ciampi C, Riccio A, Tognola C, Ardissino M, Inglese E, Scaglione F, Calabrò P, De Luca N, and Giannattasio C
- Subjects
- Humans, Secondary Prevention, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Biomarkers metabolism, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Acute Coronary Syndrome diagnosis, Acute Coronary Syndrome epidemiology, Acute Coronary Syndrome drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: Despite significant improvement in secondary CardioVascular (CV) preventive strategies, some acute and chronic coronary syndrome (ACS and CCS) patients will suffer recurrent events (also called "extreme CV risk"). Recently new biochemical markers, such as uric acid (UA), lipoprotein A [Lp(a)] and several markers of inflammation, have been described to be associated with CV events recurrence. The SEcondary preVention and Extreme cardiovascular Risk Evaluation (SEVERE-1) study will accurately characterize extreme CV risk patients enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs., Aim: Our aims will be to describe the prevalence of extreme CV risk and its association with newly described biochemical CV risk factors., Aim: Our aims will be to describe the prevalence of extreme CV risk and its association with newly described biochemical CV risk factors., Methods: We will prospectively enrol 730 ACS/CCS patients at the beginning of a CR program. Extreme CV risk will be retrospectively defined as the presence of a previous (within 2 years) CV events in the patients' clinical history. UA, Lp(a) and inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 and -18, tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein, calprotectin and osteoprotegerin) will be assessed in ACS/CCS patients with extreme CV risk and compared with those without extreme CV risk but also with two control groups: 1180 hypertensives and 765 healthy subjects. The association between these biomarkers and extreme CV risk will be assessed with a multivariable model and two scoring systems will be created for an accurate identification of extreme CV risk patients. The first one will use only clinical variables while the second one will introduce the biochemical markers. Finally, by exome sequencing we will both evaluate polygenic risk score ability to predict recurrent events and perform mendellian randomization analysis on CV biomarkers., Conclusions: Our study proposal was granted by the European Union PNRR M6/C2 call. With this study we will give definitive data on extreme CV risk prevalence rising attention on this condition and leading cardiologist to do a better diagnosis and to carry out a more intensive treatment optimization that will finally leads to a reduction of future ACS recurrence. This will be even more important for cardiologists working in CR that is a very important place for CV risk definition and therapies refinement., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
70. Effects of an Eight Week Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) on White Blood Cell and Platelet Counts in Relation to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Subjects with Overweight and Obesity.
- Author
-
De Nucci S, Bonfiglio C, Donvito R, Di Chito M, Cerabino N, Rinaldi R, Sila A, Shahini E, Giannuzzi V, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Lanzilotta E, Piazzolla G, Cozzolongo R, Giannelli G, and De Pergola G
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Female, Adolescent, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged, Overweight complications, Platelet Count, Obesity metabolism, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Cholesterol, Leukocytes metabolism, Inflammation complications, Diet, Ketogenic, Fatty Liver complications
- Abstract
Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are frequently associated conditions characterized by low-grade inflammation. Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) strategies are commonly used to simultaneously obtain weight loss and an improvement of liver steatosis. We evaluated the efficacy of 8 weeks' VLCKD in decreasing the white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts, as well as liver steatosis and fibrosis, diagnosed using transient elastography (FibroScan). Metabolic and anthropometric parameters commonly associated with MASLD were also evaluated. This study included 87 participants; 58 women and 29 men aged between 18 and 64 years with overweight (18%) or obesity (82%), but not taking any medication. Anthropometric measurements, bioimpedance analysis, and biochemical assays were performed before and after the dietary intervention. BMI (kg/m
2 ) ( p -value < 0.001), waist circumference (cm) ( p -value < 0.001), and fat mass (kg) ( p -value < 0.001) were significantly decreased following VLCKD. After VLCKD, the FibroScan parameter CAP (db/m), which measures the accumulation of fatty liver, significantly decreased ( p -value < 0.001), as did liver stiffness (kPA), the FibroScan parameter quantifying liver fibrosis ( p -value < 0.05). Seemingly, WBC ( p -value < 0.001) and PLT ( p -value < 0.001) counts were lowered by VLCKD in the whole group; however, the decrease in WBC and platelet counts were significant only in patients with steatosis (CAP ≥ 215 dB/m). Fasting blood glucose ( p -value < 0.001), insulin ( p -value < 0.001), HbA1c ( p -value < 0.001), triglycerides ( p -value < 0.001), total cholesterol ( p -value < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol ( p -value < 0.001), HDL-cholesterol ( p -value < 0.001); γGT ( p -value < 0.001) blood levels and insulin resistance (as measured by HOMAIR) ( p -value < 0.001); and systolic ( p -value < 0.001), and diastolic ( p -value < 0.001) blood pressure levels, were all significantly lower after VLCKD. In contrast, blood levels of vitamin D were higher following the diet ( p -value < 0.001). We conclude that treating subjects with overweight and obesity with VLCKD is followed by a simultaneous reduction in WBCs and platelets, the expression of low-grade inflammation, and of liver steatosis and fibrosis. Therefore, we can hypothesize that VLCKD decreases general and liver low-grade inflammation, thus improving liver health., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. New Penta s.r.l., (Cuneo, Italy) had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. The oleic/palmitic acid imbalance in exosomes isolated from NAFLD patients induces necroptosis of liver cells via the elongase-6/RIP-1 pathway.
- Author
-
Scavo MP, Negro R, Arrè V, Depalo N, Carrieri L, Rizzi F, Mastrogiacomo R, Serino G, Notarnicola M, De Nunzio V, Lippolis T, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Armentano R, Curri ML, and Giannelli G
- Abstract
Excessive toxic lipid accumulation in hepatocytes underlies the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), phenotypically characterized by necrosis and steato-fibrosis, whose molecular mechanism is not yet fully understood. Patients with NAFLD display an imbalanced palmitic (PA) to oleic acid (OA) ratio. Moreover, increasing experimental evidence points out a relevant involvement of the exosomal content in disease progression. Aim of the study was to highlight the PA/OA imbalance within circulating exosomes, the subsequent intracellular alterations, and the impact on NALFD. Liver cells were challenged with exosomes isolated from both healthy subjects and NAFLD patients. The exosomal PA/OA ratio was artificially modified, and biological effects were evaluated. A NAFLD-derived exosomal PA/OA imbalance impacts liver cell cycle and cell viability. OA-modified NAFLD-derived exosomes restored cellular viability and proliferation, whereas the inclusion of PA into healthy subjects-derived exosomes negatively affected cell viability. Moreover, while OA reduced the phosphorylation and activation of the necroptosis marker, Receptor-interacting protein 1 (phospho-RIP-1), PA induced the opposite outcome, alongside increased levels of stress fibers, such as vimentin and fibronectin. Administration of NAFLD-derived exosomes led to increased expression of Elongase 6 (ELOVL6), Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Mixed-lineage-kinase-domain-like-protein (MLKL) and RIP-1 in the hepatocytes, comparable to mRNA levels in the hepatocytes of NAFLD patients reported in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Genetic and pharmacological abrogation of ELOVL6 elicited a reduced expression of downstream molecules TNF-α, phospho-RIP-1, and phospho-MLKL upon administration of NAFLD-derived exosomes. Lastly, mice fed with high-fat diet exhibited higher phospho-RIP-1 than mice fed with control diet. Targeting the Elongase 6-RIP-1 signaling pathway offers a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of the NALFD-induced exosomal PA/OA imbalance., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
72. Plasma Bacterial DNA Load as a Potential Biomarker for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study.
- Author
-
Giacconi R, Donghia R, Arborea G, Savino MT, Provinciali M, Lattanzio F, Caponio GR, Coletta S, Bianco A, Notarnicola M, Bonfiglio C, Passarino G, D'Aquila P, Bellizzi D, and Pesole PL
- Abstract
The gut microbiota has gained increasing attention in recent years due to its significant impact on colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. The recent detection of bacterial DNA load in plasma holds promise as a potential non-invasive approach for early cancer detection. The aim of this study was to examine the quantity of bacterial DNA present in the plasma of 50 patients who have CRC in comparison to 40 neoplastic disease-free patients, as well as to determine if there is a correlation between the amount of plasma bacterial DNA and various clinical parameters. Plasma bacterial DNA levels were found to be elevated in the CRC group compared to the control group. As it emerged from the logistic analysis (adjusted for age and gender), these levels were strongly associated with the risk of CRC (OR = 1.02, p < 0.001, 95% C.I.: 1.01-1.03). Moreover, an association was identified between a reduction in tumor mass and the highest tertile of plasma bacterial DNA. Our findings indicate that individuals with CRC displayed a higher plasma bacterial DNA load compared to healthy controls. This observation lends support to the theory of heightened bacterial migration from the gastrointestinal tract to the bloodstream in CRC. Furthermore, our results establish a link between this phenomenon and the size of the tumor mass.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
73. Age-Related Dietary Habits and Blood Biochemical Parameters in Patients with and without Steatosis-MICOL Cohort.
- Author
-
Donghia R, Pesole PL, Castellaneta A, Coletta S, Squeo F, Bonfiglio C, De Pergola G, Rinaldi R, De Nucci S, Giannelli G, Di Leo A, and Tatoli R
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Humans, Algorithms, Candy, Fruit, Feeding Behavior, Fatty Liver
- Abstract
Background: Steatosis is now the most common liver disease in the world, present in approximately 25% of the global population. The aim of this study was to study the association between food intake and liver disease and evaluate the differences in blood parameters in age classes and steatosic condition., Methods: The present study included 1483 participants assessed in the fourth recall of the MICOL study. Patients were subdivided by age (>65 years) and administered a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 28 food groups., Results: The prevalence of steatosis was 55.92% in the adult group and 55.88% in the elderly group. Overall, the results indicated many statistically significant blood parameters and dietary habits. Analysis of food choices with a machine learning algorithm revealed that in the adult group, olive oil, grains, processed meat, and sweets were associated with steatosis, while the elderly group preferred red meat, dairy, seafood, and fruiting vegetables. Furthermore, the latter ate less as compared with the adult group., Conclusions: Many differences were found between the two age groups, both in blood parameters and food intake. The random forest also revealed different foods predicted steatosis in the two groups. Future analysis will be useful to understand the molecular basis of these differences and how different food intake causes steatosis in people of different ages.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
74. Serum Cytokine and miRNA Levels Are Differently Expressed in Right- and Left-Sided Colon Cancer.
- Author
-
De Nunzio V, Donghia R, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Calò N, and Notarnicola M
- Abstract
The tumor location in colorectal cancer (right- or left-sided colon cancer) is a key factor in determining disease progression. Right- and left-sided colon tumors are different in their clinical and molecular characteristics. Dysregulation of serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), known to be a growth-limiting and differentiation-promoting factor, as well as changes in miRNAs expression, are the major signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of this neoplasia. In the serum from 60 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, we compared the differences in the expression of the levels of TGF-β, TNF-α, and PPAR-γ and in the expression of the main human miRNAs between right and left CRC. A significant over-expression in the TGF-β and TNF-α levels was observed in the serum from right-sided colon cancer patients. For the PPAR-γ, the patients with CRC located on the right-side showed lower levels than those detected in the serum from left-sided CRC subjects. Furthermore, significant differences also existed in the expression of specific circulating miRNAs between right- and left-sided CRC. In particular, the right upregulated miRNAs were all involved in the cell growth and proliferation related pathways. These findings confirm that the analysis of circulating levels of TGF-β, TNF-α, and PPAR-γ, as well as the study of the specific miRNAs in the serum, are able to identify specific characteristics of CRC patients, useful for choosing a personalized treatment protocol.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
75. GALAD outperforms aMAP and ALBI for predicting HCC in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease: A 12-year prospective study.
- Author
-
Villa E, Donghia R, Baldaccini V, Tedesco CC, Shahini E, Cozzolongo R, Ascari S, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Critelli RM, Lasagni S, Schepis F, Semellini F, and Giannelli G
- Subjects
- Humans, alpha-Fetoproteins, Prospective Studies, Albumins, Bilirubin, Ethanol, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnosis, Liver Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Surveillance programs are strongly recommended in patients with liver cirrhosis for early detection of HCC development. Six-monthly ultrasound sonography is the most reliable and commonly used technique, especially when associated with serum determination of α-fetoprotein, but different score systems have been proposed to overcome the unsatisfactory diagnostic accuracy of α-fetoprotein. The aim of this 12-year prospective study is to compare the gender, age, AFP-L3, AFP, des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (GALAD) versus age, gender, bilirubin, albumin, and platelets and albumin-bilirubin scores in predicting HCC onset., Approach and Results: A cohort of 545 consecutive patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease without suspected focal lesions was followed up every 6 months by liver imaging and α-fetoprotein to detect HCC occurrence. Harrell's C-index for censored data was employed to evaluate the performance of any parameters or scores helping to predict HCC development. ROC curve analysis showed that the GALAD score was more accurate in evaluating HCC development than albumin-bilirubin and age, gender, bilirubin, albumin, and platelets. The AUC ranged from 0.7268 to 0.6851 at 5 and 10 years, both in the total cohort and in the sub-cohorts (viral hepatitis, NASH, and alcohol). The HCC Risk model was constructed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, showing a strong association of GALAD with HR > 1, p < 0.05, in the total and sub-cohorts, and a better risk prediction in the alcohol cohort, both alone and standardized with other blood parameters., Conclusions: GALAD is the most reliable and accurate score system to detect HCC risk of development in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
76. Postprocedural trans-mitral gradient in patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation undergoing mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair.
- Author
-
De Felice F, Paolucci L, Musto C, Cifarelli A, Coletta S, Pennacchi M, Stio R, Gabrielli D, Grasso C, Tamburino C, Adamo M, Denti P, Giordano A, De Marco F, Montorfano M, Baldi C, Mongiardo A, Monteforte I, Maffeo D, Giannini C, Crimi G, Tarantini G, Popolo Rubbio A, and Bedogni F
- Subjects
- Humans, Mitral Valve diagnostic imaging, Mitral Valve surgery, Treatment Outcome, Mitral Valve Insufficiency diagnostic imaging, Mitral Valve Insufficiency surgery, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Heart Failure, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: The relationship between high postprocedural mean gradient (ppMG) and clinical events following mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (MV-TEER) in patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) is still debated., Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of elevated ppMG after MV-TEER on clinical events in patients with DMR at 1-year follow-up., Methods: The study included 371 patients with DMR treated with MV-TEER enrolled in the "Multi-center Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GISE) registry of trans-catheter treatment of mitral valve regurgitation" (GIOTTO) registry. Patients were stratified in tertiles according to ppMG. Primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death and hospitalization due to heart failure at 1-year follow-up., Results: Patients were stratified as follows: 187 with a ppMG ≤ 3 mmHg, 77 with a ppMG > 3/=4 mmHg, and 107 with a ppMG > 4 mmHg. Clinical follow-up was available in all subjects. At multivariate analysis, neither a ppMG > 4 mmHg nor a ppMG ≥ 5 mmHg were independently associated with the outcome. Notably, the risk of elevated residual MR (rMR > 2+) was significantly higher in patients belonging to the highest tertile of ppMG (p = 0.009). The association of ppMG > 4 mmHg and rMR ≥ 2+ was strongly and independently associated with adverse events (hazard ratio: 1.98; 95% confidence interval: [1.10-3.58])., Conclusions: In a real-world cohort of patients suffering DMR and treated with MV-TEER, isolated ppMG was not associated with the outcome at 1-year follow-up. A high proportion of patients showed both elevated ppMG and rMR and their combination appeared to be a strong predictor of adverse events., (© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
77. Food Network Analysis in Non-Obese Patients with or without Steatosis.
- Author
-
Donghia R, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Bonfiglio C, De Pergola G, De Nucci S, Rinaldi R, and Giannelli G
- Subjects
- Humans, Body Mass Index, Feeding Behavior, Food, Fatty Liver etiology
- Abstract
Background: Steatosis is the most common liver disease worldwide and the leading cause of liver-associated morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the differences in blood parameters and dietary habits in non-obese patients with and without steatosis., Methods: The present study included 987 participants with BMI < 30, assessed in the fourth recall of the MICOL study. Patients were divided by steatosis grade, and a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 28 food groups was administered., Results: The prevalence of non-obese participants with steatosis was 42.86%. Overall, the results indicated many statistically significant blood parameters and dietary habits. Analysis of dietary habits revealed that non-obese people with or without steatosis had similar dietary habits, although higher daily amounts of red meat, processed meat, ready meals, and alcohol were recorded in participants with liver disease ( p < 0.05)., Conclusions: Many differences were found in non-obese people with and without steatosis, but in light of a network analysis, the two groups demonstrated similar dietary habits, proving that pathophysiological, genetic, and hormonal patterns are probably the basis of their liver status, regardless of weight. Future genetic analyses will be performed to analyze the expression of genes involved in the development of steatosis in our cohort.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
78. The Replacement of Only One Portion of Starchy Carbohydrates with Green Leafy Vegetables Regresses Mid and Advanced Stages of NAFLD: Results from a Prospective Pilot Study.
- Author
-
De Nucci S, Rinaldi R, Di Chito M, Donghia R, Giannuzzi V, Shahini E, Cozzolongo R, Pesole PL, Coletta S, De Pergola G, and Giannelli G
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Male, Vegetables, Pilot Projects, Prospective Studies, Starch, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- Abstract
The gold standard treatment for NAFLD is weight loss and lifestyle interventions, which require a diet enriched in fiber and reduced in sugars and saturated fats. Fibres may be advantageous for NAFLD patients since they reduce and slow the absorption of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, lowering the energy density of the meal and increasing their sense of satiety. Furthermore, the polyphenol content and other bioactive compounds of vegetables have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties preventing disease progression. The aim of this study is to ascertain the effects of a diet enriched by green leafy vegetables and with a moderate restriction of carbohydrate intake in patients with NAFLD over a three month period. Among the forty patients screened, twenty four patients completed the clinical trial consisting of swapping one portion of carbohydrate-rich food for one portion of green leafy vegetables, and liver and metabolic markers of NAFLD were evaluated. All patients underwent routine blood tests, anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis, fibroscan, and fatty liver index (FLI) evaluation before and at the end of the study. The population under study ( n = 24) had a median age of 47.5 (41.5-52.5) years and included mainly women (70.8%). We found that FLI, which is used to predict fatty liver (73 (33-89) vs. 85 (54-95), p < 0.0001) and the FAST score, which is a fibroscan-derived parameter identifying patients at risk of progressive NASH (0.03 (0.02-0.09) vs. 0.05 (0.02-0.15), p = 0.007), were both improved after changes in diet. The BMI (33.3 (28.6-37.3) vs. 35.3 (31.2-39.0), p < 0.0001), WC (106.5 (95.0-112.5) vs. 110.0 (103.0-124.0), p < 0.0001), neck circumference (38.0 (35.0-41.5) vs. 39.5 (38.0-42.5), p < 0.0001), fat mass (32.3 (23.4-40.7) vs. 37.9 (27.7-43.5), p < 0.0001), and extracellular water (17.3 (15.2-20.8) vs. 18.3 (15.9-22.7), p = 0.03) were also all significantly lower after three months of diet. Metabolic parameters linked to NAFLD decreased: HbA1c (36.0 (33.5-39.0) vs. 38.0 (34.0-40.5), p = 0.01), triglycerides (72 (62-90) vs. 90 (64-132), p = 0.03), and the liver markers AST (17 (14-19) vs. 18 (15-27), p = 0.01) and γGT (16 (13-20) vs. 16 (14-27), p = 0.02). In conclusion, replacing only one portion of starchy carbohydrates with one portion of vegetables for a three month period is sufficient to regress, at least in part, both mid and advanced stages of NAFLD. This moderate adjustment of lifestyle habits is easily achievable.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
79. Increased IL-17A Serum Levels and Gastric Th17 Cells in Helicobacter pylori -Infected Patients with Gastric Premalignant Lesions.
- Author
-
Della Bella C, D'Elios S, Coletta S, Benagiano M, Azzurri A, Cianchi F, de Bernard M, and D'Elios MM
- Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is characterized by an inflammatory infiltrate that might be an important antecedent of gastric cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether interleukin (IL)-17 inflammation is elicited by gastric T cells in Helicobacter pylori patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia (IM/DYS). We also investigated the serum IL-17A levels in Helicobacter pylori patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia, and patients with Helicobacter pylori non-atrophic gastritis (NAG). Methods: the IL-17 cytokine profile of gastric T cells was investigated in six patients with IM/DYS and Helicobacter pylori infection. Serum IL-17A levels were measured in 45 Helicobacter pylori -infected IM/DYS patients, 45 Helicobacter pylori -infected patients without IM/DYS and in 45 healthy controls (HC). Results: gastric T cells from all IM/DYS patients with Helicobacter pylori were able to proliferate in response to Helicobacter pylori and to produce IL-17A. The Luminex analysis revealed that IL-17A levels were significantly increased in Helicobacter pylori IM/DYS patients compared to healthy controls and to Helicobacter pylori gastritis patients without IM/DYS (452.34 ± 369.13 pg/mL, 246.82 ± 156.06 pg/mL, 169.26 ± 73.82 pg/mL, respectively; p < 0.01, p < 0.05). Conclusions: the results obtained indicate that Helicobacter pylori is able to drive gastric IL-17 inflammation in IM/DYS Helicobacter pylori -infected patients, and that IL-17A serum levels are significantly increased in Helicobacter pylori -infected patients with IM/DYS.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
80. The antigen CD300e drives T cell inflammation in adipose tissue and elicits an antibody response predictive of the insulin sensitivity recovery in obese patients.
- Author
-
Coletta S, Trevellin E, Benagiano M, Romagnoli J, Della Bella C, D'Elios MM, Vettor R, and de Bernard M
- Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance (IR), the key features of metabolic syndrome, are closely associated with a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation. Bariatric surgery leads to a considerable reduction in the adipose tissue mass and systemic inflammation along with a reduction of IR, with a whole-body metabolic improvement. However, a sizable portion of people experience an IR relapse within few years of remission.Numerous studies have attempted to explore the best clinical predictors of the improvement of insulin sensitivity and the maintenance of glucose homeostasis after bariatric surgery, but no simple fasting blood test has been found to be effective in predicting the short and long-term beneficial effects on glycaemia.With the present study, we investigated T-cell and antibody responses against CD300e, an antigen highly expressed in the adipose tissue of patients with obesity before the bariatric surgery-induced weight loss. We found both in fat tissue and in peripheral blood anti-CD300e-specific T helper 1 responses. Moreover, we evidenced in the sera of individuals with obesity an antibody response towards CD300e and revealed the existence of a significant correlation between the level of antibodies before surgery and the maintenance of glucose control after the intervention., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
81. Outcomes in Patients With High Transmitral Gradient After Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair for Mitral Regurgitation.
- Author
-
De Felice F, Paolucci L, Musto C, Cifarelli A, Coletta S, Gabrielli D, Grasso C, Tamburino C, Adamo M, Denti P, Giordano A, Bartorelli AL, Montorfano M, Citro R, Mongiardo A, Monteforte I, Villa E, Giannini C, Crimi G, Tarantini G, Rubbio AP, and Bedogni F
- Subjects
- Cardiac Catheterization methods, Disease Progression, Humans, Mitral Valve surgery, Treatment Outcome, Heart Failure, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation methods, Mitral Valve Insufficiency
- Abstract
Despite being highly effective in reducing residual mitral regurgitation and improving outcomes, mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (MV-TEER) may be associated with high postprocedural residual mitral gradient (rMG). Conflicting results have been reported regarding the relation between rMG and adverse events. This study aimed to evaluate the predictors and the impact of elevated rMG after MV-TEER on clinical events in patients with functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) at 2 years follow-up. We selected a cohort of 864 patients with FMR who were treated with MV-TEER enrolled in the multicentre Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GISE) registry of transcatheter treatment of mitral valve regurgitation (GIOTTO). Patients were stratified into tertiles according to rMG. The primary clinical end point was a composite of all-cause death and hospitalization because of heart failure at 2-year follow-up. Overall, 269 patients (31.5%) with an rMG <3 mm Hg, 259 (30.3%) with an rMG ≥3/<4 mm Hg, and 326 (38.2%) with an rMG ≥4 mm Hg were considered. At multivariate logistic regression, ischemic FMR etiology, baseline MG, and the number of implanted clips were independent predictors of an rMG ≥4 mm Hg. Clinical follow-up was available in 570 patients (63.2%). Patients with an rMG ≥4 mm Hg experienced higher rates of the composite end point than patients of the other tertiles (51.1%, vs 42.3% vs 40.8% log-rank test: p = 0.033). In multivariate Cox's regression, both rMG ≥4 mm Hg (hazard ratio 1.54, 95% confidence interval 1.14 to 2.08) and residual mitral regurgitation ≥2+ (hazard ratio 1.36, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.83) were independent predictors of adverse events at 2-year follow-up. In conclusion, we demonstrated that real-world patients who underwent MV-TEER who show an rMG ≥4 mm Hg are at higher risk of death or hospitalization because of heart failure during a 2-year follow-up. Further studies will be needed to confirm our results., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. Effects of Different Biological Therapies on S1/S2 Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in a Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
- Author
-
Labarile N, Castellana F, Sila A, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Curlo M, Sardone R, Giannelli G, and Mastronardi M
- Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has affected the entire planet. The objectives of our study were to compare responses to the vaccine (Pfizer-Biontech COMIRNATY) in a population of patients with intestinal bowel syndrome undergoing different biological therapies or conventional therapy. The study recruited 390 patients who received the first vaccination dose during the dedicated vaccination campaign for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. The inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of CD or UC and complete vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 (Comirnaty) vaccine. The exclusion criteria were other significant diseases or important therapies under way or contraindications to vaccination according to the European drug surveillance recommendations. Linear rank models were run to assess the association between the different therapies and S1/S2 antibodies at three different times. The models showed that in patients with IBD receiving Vedolizumab a significant increase in mean IgG levels was observed, independently of other therapies and confounding factors (β: 57.45, 95% CI 19.62 to 19.00). This study confirmed the complete antibody response to vaccination against COVID-19 in patients with IBD undergoing biological therapy-particularly Vedolizumab treatment-but also a reduced immune response due to concomitant steroid therapy.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
83. A Redo Percutaneous Emergency Intervention of Left Ventricular Assist Device Graft Occlusion.
- Author
-
Stio RE, Comisso M, Paolucci L, Coletta S, Cesario V, Gioia M, Nazzaro MS, Saitto G, Contento C, D'Avino E, De Felice F, Gabrielli D, and Musumeci F
- Subjects
- Aged, Humans, Male, Quality of Life, Heart Failure surgery, Heart-Assist Devices
- Abstract
In patients with advanced heart failure (HF), left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have demonstrated to be effective in improving the quality of life and reducing further hospitalizations. Although uncommon, LVAD outflow graft obstruction (OGO) is a potentially life-threatening complication and percutaneous treatment has been proposed as a standard intervention strategy in such cases. We report the case of a 69 year old man admitted due to LVAD failure causing unstable HF. Past medical history included percutaneous intervention on the outflow graft with stent implantation one year before. The patient was under chronic treatment with vitamin K antagonists (VKA). Emergent percutaneous angiography was performed, showing recurrent OGO due to thrombosis located at a kinking site, distally to the previously treated segment. Using distal anchoring technique, a balloon-expandable 10 × 79 mm endoprosthesis (GORE
® Viabahn® VBX) was effectively positioned and post-dilated. Final angiography confirmed the patency of the stent implanted one-year before. Despite the procedure succeeding in restoring LVAD function, the patient died due to septic shock ten days after. Our case suggests that recurrent OGO can be effectively treated with percutaneous redo and that long-term stent patency can be achieved with a standard antithrombotic treatment, despite further thrombotic events in other segments of the graft are still possible (especially at the kinking site). Moreover, other noncardiac conditions as infective complications, can dramatically impact the clinical course and lead to unfavorable outcomes.- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
84. Modular microcircuit organization of the presubicular head-direction map.
- Author
-
Balsamo G, Blanco-Hernández E, Liang F, Naumann RK, Coletta S, Burgalossi A, and Preston-Ferrer P
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Neurons physiology, Parahippocampal Gyrus physiology
- Abstract
Our internal sense of direction is thought to rely on the activity of head-direction (HD) neurons. We find that the mouse dorsal presubiculum (PreS), a key structure in the cortical representation of HD, displays a modular "patch-matrix" organization, which is conserved across species (including human). Calbindin-positive layer 2 neurons within the "matrix" form modular recurrent microcircuits, while inputs from the anterodorsal and laterodorsal thalamic nuclei are non-overlapping and target the "patch" and "matrix" compartments, respectively. The apical dendrites of identified HD cells are largely restricted within the "matrix," pointing to a non-random sampling of patterned inputs and to a precise structure-function architecture. Optogenetic perturbation of modular recurrent microcircuits results in a drastic tonic suppression of firing only in a subpopulation of HD neurons. Altogether, our data reveal a modular microcircuit organization of the PreS HD map and point to the existence of cell-type-specific microcircuits that support the cortical HD representation., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
85. The Tumor Microenvironment Drives Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Progression.
- Author
-
Mancarella S, Serino G, Coletta S, Armentano R, Dituri F, Ardito F, Ruzzenente A, Fabregat I, and Giannelli G
- Subjects
- Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic metabolism, Ecosystem, Humans, Tumor Microenvironment, Bile Duct Neoplasms metabolism, Cholangiocarcinoma metabolism
- Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly aggressive cancer with limited therapeutic options and short overall survival. iCCA is characterized by a strong desmoplastic reaction in the surrounding ecosystem that likely affects tumoral progression. Overexpression of the Notch pathway is implicated in iCCA development and progression. Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of Crenigacestat, a selective inhibitor of NOTCH1 signaling, against the cross-talk between cancer cells and the surrounding ecosystem in an in vivo HuCCT1-xenograft model. In the present study, a transcriptomic analysis approach, validated by Western blotting and qRT-PCR on iCCA tumor masses treated with Crenigacestat, was used to study the molecular pathways responsive to drug treatment. Our results indicate that Crenigacestat significantly inhibited NOTCH1 and HES1, whereas tumor progression was not affected. In addition, the drug triggered a strong immune response and blocked neovascularization in the tumor ecosystem of the HuCCT1-xenograft model without affecting the occurrence of fibrotic reactions. Therefore, although these data need further investigation, our observations confirm that Crenigacestat selectively targets NOTCH1 and that the desmoplastic response in iCCA likely plays a key role in both drug effectiveness and tumor progression.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
86. Macrophage-Mediated Melanoma Reduction after HP-NAP Treatment in a Zebrafish Xenograft Model.
- Author
-
Codolo G, Facchinello N, Papa N, Bertocco A, Coletta S, Benna C, Dall'Olmo L, Mocellin S, Tiso N, and de Bernard M
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacterial Proteins immunology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Polarity drug effects, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Melanoma immunology, Neoplasm Metastasis, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Zebrafish, Bacterial Proteins administration & dosage, Macrophages metabolism, Melanoma drug therapy
- Abstract
The Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil Activating Protein (HP-NAP) is endowed with immunomodulatory properties that make it a potential candidate for anticancer therapeutic applications. By activating cytotoxic Th1 responses, HP-NAP inhibits the growth of bladder cancer and enhances the anti-tumor activity of oncolytic viruses in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and neuroendocrine tumors. The possibility that HP-NAP exerts its anti-tumor effect also by modulating the activity of innate immune cells has not yet been explored. Taking advantage of the zebrafish model, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of HP-NAP against metastatic human melanoma, limiting the observational window to 9 days post-fertilization, well before the maturation of the adaptive immunity. Human melanoma cells were xenotransplanted into zebrafish embryos and tracked in the presence or absence of HP-NAP. The behavior and phenotype of macrophages and the impact of their drug-induced depletion were analyzed exploiting macrophage-expressed transgenes. HP-NAP administration efficiently inhibited tumor growth and metastasis and this was accompanied by strong recruitment of macrophages with a pro-inflammatory profile at the tumor site. The depletion of macrophages almost completely abrogated the ability of HP-NAP to counteract tumor growth. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of activated macrophages in counteracting melanoma growth and support the notion that HP-NAP might become a new biological therapeutic agent for the treatment of metastatic melanomas.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
87. Tumor Cells and the Extracellular Matrix Dictate the Pro-Tumoral Profile of Macrophages in CRC.
- Author
-
Coletta S, Lonardi S, Sensi F, D'Angelo E, Fassan M, Pucciarelli S, Valzelli A, Biccari A, Vermi W, Della Bella C, Barizza A, D'Elios MM, de Bernard M, Agostini M, and Codolo G
- Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major components of the tumor microenvironment. In colorectal cancer (CRC), a strong infiltration of TAMs is accompanied by a decrease in effector T cells and an increase in the metastatic potential of CRC. We investigated the functional profile of TAMs infiltrating CRC tissue by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, ELISA, and qRT-PCR and their involvement in impairing the activation of effector T cells. In CRC biopsies, we evidenced a high percentage of macrophages with low expression of the antigen-presenting complex MHC-II and high expression of CD206. Monocytes co-cultured with tumor cells or a decellularized tumor matrix differentiated toward a pro-tumoral macrophage phenotype characterized by decreased expression of MHC-II and CD86 and increased expression of CD206 and an abundant release of pro-tumoral cytokines and chemokines. We demonstrated that the hampered expression of MHC-II in macrophages is due to the downregulation of the MHC-II transactivator CIITA and that this effect relies on increased expression of miRNAs targeting CIITA. As a result, macrophages become unable to present antigens to CD4 T lymphocytes. Our data suggest that the tumor microenvironment contributes to defining a pro-tumoral profile of macrophages infiltrating CRC tissue with impaired capacity to activate T cell effector functions.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
88. Spatial modulation of dark versus bright stimulus responses in the mouse visual system.
- Author
-
Williams B, Del Rosario J, Muzzu T, Peelman K, Coletta S, Bichler EK, Speed A, Meyer-Baese L, Saleem AB, and Haider B
- Subjects
- Animals, Ferrets, Geniculate Bodies physiology, Mice, Photic Stimulation methods, Visual Cortex physiology, Visual Pathways physiology
- Abstract
A fundamental task of the visual system is to respond to both increases and decreases of luminance with action potentials (ON and OFF responses
1-4 ). OFF responses are stronger, faster, and more salient than ON responses in primary visual cortex (V1) of both cats5 , 6 and primates,7 , 8 but in ferrets9 and mice,10 ON responses can be stronger, weaker,11 or balanced12 in comparison to OFF responses. These discrepancies could arise from differences in species, experimental techniques, or stimulus properties, particularly retinotopic location in the visual field, as has been speculated;9 however, the role of retinotopy for ON/OFF dominance has not been systematically tested across multiple scales of neural activity within species. Here, we measured OFF versus ON responses across large portions of visual space with silicon probe and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in mouse V1 and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). We found that OFF responses dominated in the central visual field, whereas ON and OFF responses were more balanced in the periphery. These findings were consistent across local field potential (LFP), spikes, and subthreshold membrane potential in V1, and were aligned with spatial biases in ON and OFF responses in LGN. Our findings reveal that retinotopy may provide a common organizing principle for spatial modulation of OFF versus ON processing in mammalian visual systems., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
89. Exosome Released FZD10 Increases Ki-67 Expression via Phospho-ERK1/2 in Colorectal and Gastric Cancer.
- Author
-
Scavo MP, Rizzi F, Depalo N, Armentano R, Coletta S, Serino G, Fanizza E, Pesole PL, Cervellera A, Carella N, Curri ML, and Giannelli G
- Abstract
Frizzled (FZD) proteins are primary receptors for Wnt signaling that activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Dysfunction of Wnt signals with consequently abnormal activation of MAPK3 pathways was found in colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC). Upregulation of FZD10 protein, localized in the exosomes isolated from plasma of CRC and GC patients, was associated with a poor prognosis. Herein, the expression levels of circulating FZD10 were found to be strongly correlated to their expression levels in the corresponding tissues in CRC and GC patients. Bioinformatic prediction revealed a link between FZD10 and Ki-67 through MAPK3. In both CRC and GC tissues, pERK1/2 levels were significantly increased at more advanced disease stages, and pERK1/2 and Ki-67 were correlated. Silencing of FZD10 in CRC and GC cells resulted in a significant reduction of pERK1/2 and Ki-67 expression, while subsequent treatment with exogenous exosomes partially restored their expression levels. The strong correlation between the expression of Ki-67 in tissues and of FZD10 in exosomes suggests that the exosome-delivered FZD10 may be a promising novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for CRC and GC., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Scavo, Rizzi, Depalo, Armentano, Coletta, Serino, Fanizza, Pesole, Cervellera, Carella, Curri and Giannelli.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
90. ADP-heptose enables Helicobacter pylori to exploit macrophages as a survival niche by suppressing antigen-presenting HLA-II expression.
- Author
-
Coletta S, Battaggia G, Della Bella C, Furlani M, Hauke M, Faass L, D'Elios MM, Josenhans C, and de Bernard M
- Subjects
- Humans, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Adenosine Diphosphate metabolism, Antigen Presentation immunology, Gastric Mucosa metabolism, Gastric Mucosa microbiology, Gastric Mucosa immunology, Helicobacter Infections immunology, Helicobacter Infections microbiology, Helicobacter Infections metabolism, Heptoses metabolism, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II metabolism, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II genetics, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II immunology, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, Helicobacter pylori immunology, Macrophages metabolism, Macrophages immunology, Macrophages microbiology, MicroRNAs genetics, MicroRNAs metabolism
- Abstract
The persistence of Helicobacter pylori in the human gastric mucosa implies that the immune response fails to clear the infection. We found that H. pylori compromises the antigen presentation ability of macrophages, because of the decline of the presenting molecules HLA-II. Here, we reveal that the main bacterial factor responsible for this effect is ADP-heptose, an intermediate metabolite in the biosynthetic pathway of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that elicits a pro-inflammatory response in gastric epithelial cells. In macrophages, it upregulates the expression of miR146b which, in turn, would downmodulate CIITA, the master regulator for HLA-II genes. Hence, H. pylori, utilizing ADP-heptose, exploits a specific arm of macrophage response to establish its survival niche in the face of the immune defense elicited in the gastric mucosa., (© 2021 The Authors. FEBS Letters published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
91. Cannabinoid Receptors Overexpression in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) after Treatment with a Ketogenic Diet.
- Author
-
Gigante I, Tutino V, Russo F, De Nunzio V, Coletta S, Armentano R, Crovace A, Caruso MG, Orlando A, and Notarnicola M
- Subjects
- Animals, Cannabinoids metabolism, Diet, Ketogenic adverse effects, Disease Models, Animal, Endocannabinoids genetics, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa drug effects, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Irritable Bowel Syndrome genetics, Irritable Bowel Syndrome pathology, Rats, Irritable Bowel Syndrome diet therapy, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 genetics, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 genetics, Receptors, Cannabinoid genetics
- Abstract
The administration of a ketogenic diet (KD) has been considered therapeutic in subjects with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which a low-carbohydrate diet, such as KD, can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and functions in an animal model of IBS by evaluating possible changes in intestinal tissue expression of endocannabinoid receptors. In rats fed a KD, we detected a significant restoration of cell damage to the intestinal crypt base, a histological feature of IBS condition, and upregulation of CB1 and CB2 receptors. The diet also affected glucose metabolism and intestinal membrane permeability, with an overexpression of the glucose transporter GLUT1 and tight junction proteins in treated rats. The present data suggest that CB receptors represent one of the molecular pathways through which the KD works and support possible cannabinoid-mediated protection at the intestinal level in the IBS rats after dietary treatment.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
92. Lipoprotein(a): a genetic marker for cardiovascular disease and target for emerging therapies.
- Author
-
Cesaro A, Schiavo A, Moscarella E, Coletta S, Conte M, Gragnano F, Fimiani F, Monda E, Caiazza M, Limongelli G, D'Erasmo L, Riccio C, Arca M, and Calabrò P
- Subjects
- Cardiovascular Diseases blood, Cardiovascular Diseases genetics, Genetic Markers genetics, Humans, Lipoprotein(a) blood, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases therapy, Disease Management, Lipoprotein(a) genetics
- Abstract
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an established cardiovascular risk factor, and growing evidence indicates its causal association with atherosclerotic disease because of the proatherogenic low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like properties and the prothrombotic plasminogen-like activity of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)]. As genetics significantly influences its plasma concentration, Lp(a) is considered an inherited risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), especially in young individuals. Moreover, it has been suggested that elevated Lp(a) may significantly contribute to residual cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary artery disease and optimal LDL-C levels. Nonetheless, the fascinating hypothesis that lowering Lp(a) could reduce the risk of cardiovascular events - in primary or secondary prevention - still needs to be demonstrated by randomized clinical trials. To date, no specific Lp(a)-lowering agent has been approved for reducing the lipoprotein levels, and current lipid-lowering drugs have limited effects. In the future, emerging therapies targeting Lp(a) may offer the possibility to further investigate the relation between Lp(a) levels and cardiovascular outcomes in randomized controlled trials, ultimately leading to a new era in cardiovascular prevention. In this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of current evidence on Lp(a) as well as currently investigated therapeutic strategies that specifically address the reduction of the lipoprotein., (Copyright © 2020 Italian Federation of Cardiology - I.F.C. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
93. Dysbiosis Triggers ACF Development in Genetically Predisposed Subjects.
- Author
-
De Santis S, Liso M, Vacca M, Verna G, Cavalcanti E, Coletta S, Calabrese FM, Eri R, Lippolis A, Armentano R, Mastronardi M, De Angelis M, and Chieppa M
- Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, characterized by a multifactorial etiology including genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors including microbiota composition. To address the role of microbial modulation in CRC, we used our recently established mouse model (the Winnie-APC
Min/+ ) combining inflammation and genetics., Methods: Gut microbiota profiling was performed on 8-week-old Winnie-APCMin/+ mice and their littermates by 16S rDNA gene amplicon sequencing. Moreover, to study the impact of dysbiosis induced by the mother's genetics in ACF development, the large intestines of APCMin/+ mice born from wild type mice were investigated by histological analysis at 8 weeks., Results: ACF development in 8-week-old Winnie-APCMin/+ mice was triggered by dysbiosis. Specifically, the onset of ACF in genetically predisposed mice may result from dysbiotic signatures in the gastrointestinal tract of the breeders. Additionally, fecal transplant from Winnie donors to APCMin/+ hosts leads to an increased rate of ACF development., Conclusions: The characterization of microbiota profiling supporting CRC development in genetically predisposed mice could help to design therapeutic strategies to prevent dysbiosis. The application of these strategies in mothers during pregnancy and lactation could also reduce the CRC risk in the offspring.- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
94. Coronary Physiology Assessment for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease.
- Author
-
Moscarella E, Gragnano F, Cesaro A, Ielasi A, Diana V, Conte M, Schiavo A, Coletta S, Di Maio D, Fimiani F, and Calabrò P
- Subjects
- Coronary Artery Disease diagnosis, Coronary Artery Disease therapy, Coronary Stenosis diagnosis, Humans, Coronary Artery Disease physiopathology, Coronary Stenosis physiopathology, Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
- Abstract
Functionally significant coronary lesions identification is necessary for appropriate revascularization. This review aims to provide an overview of the available options for coronary stenosis physiologic evaluation with a focus on the latest developments in the field., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest None., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
95. The immune receptor CD300e negatively regulates T cell activation by impairing the STAT1-dependent antigen presentation.
- Author
-
Coletta S, Salvi V, Della Bella C, Bertocco A, Lonardi S, Trevellin E, Fassan M, D'Elios MM, Vermi W, Vettor R, Cagnin S, Sozzani S, Codolo G, and de Bernard M
- Subjects
- Antigen Presentation immunology, Cell Line, Cytokines metabolism, HLA Antigens metabolism, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Interferon-gamma metabolism, Monocytes metabolism, Signal Transduction, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Lymphocyte Activation immunology, Receptors, Immunologic metabolism, STAT1 Transcription Factor metabolism
- Abstract
CD300e is a surface receptor, expressed by myeloid cells, involved in the tuning of immune responses. CD300e engagement was reported to provide the cells with survival signals, to trigger the expression of activation markers and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hence, CD300e is considered an immune activating receptor. In this study, we demonstrate that the ligation of CD300e in monocytes hampers the expression of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II, affecting its synthesis. This effect, which is associated with the transcription impairment of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), overcomes the capacity of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) to promote the expression of the antigen-presenting molecules. Importantly, the decreased expression of HLA-II on the surface of CD300e-activated monocytes negatively impacts their capacity to activate T cells in an antigen-specific manner. Notably, unlike in vitro- differentiated macrophages which do not express CD300e, the immune receptor is expressed by tissue macrophages. Taken together, our findings argue against the possibility that this molecule should be considered an activating immune receptor sensu stricto. Moreover, our results support the notion that CD300e might be a new player in the regulation of the expansion of T cell-mediated responses.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
96. Structural Correlates of CA2 and CA3 Pyramidal Cell Activity in Freely-Moving Mice.
- Author
-
Ding L, Chen H, Diamantaki M, Coletta S, Preston-Ferrer P, and Burgalossi A
- Subjects
- Action Potentials physiology, Animals, CA2 Region, Hippocampal chemistry, CA3 Region, Hippocampal chemistry, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Pyramidal Cells chemistry, CA2 Region, Hippocampal physiology, CA3 Region, Hippocampal physiology, Movement physiology, Pyramidal Cells physiology
- Abstract
Plasticity within hippocampal circuits is essential for memory functions. The hippocampal CA2/CA3 region is thought to be able to rapidly store incoming information by plastic modifications of synaptic weights within its recurrent network. High-frequency spike-bursts are believed to be essential for this process, by serving as triggers for synaptic plasticity. Given the diversity of CA2/CA3 pyramidal neurons, it is currently unknown whether and how burst activity, assessed in vivo during natural behavior, relates to principal cell heterogeneity. To explore this issue, we juxtacellularly recorded the activity of single CA2/CA3 neurons from freely-moving male mice, exploring a familiar environment. In line with previous work, we found that spatial and temporal activity patterns of pyramidal neurons correlated with their topographical position. Morphometric analysis revealed that neurons with a higher proportion of distal dendritic length displayed a higher tendency to fire spike-bursts. We propose that the dendritic architecture of pyramidal neurons might determine burst-firing by setting the relative amount of distal excitatory inputs from the entorhinal cortex. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT High-frequency spike-bursts are thought to serve fundamental computational roles within neural circuits. Within hippocampal circuits, spike-bursts are believed to serve as potent instructive signals, which increase the efficiency of information transfer and induce rapid modifications of synaptic efficacies. In the present study, by juxtacellularly recording and labeling single CA2/CA3 neurons in freely-moving mice, we explored whether and how burst propensity relates to pyramidal cell heterogeneity. We provide evidence that, within the CA2/CA3 region, neurons with higher proportion of distal dendritic length display a higher tendency to fire spike-bursts. Thus, the relative amount of entorhinal inputs, arriving onto the distal dendrites, might determine the burst propensity of individual CA2/CA3 neurons in vivo during natural behavior., (Copyright © 2020 the authors.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
97. Altered miRNAs Expression Correlates With Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Grades.
- Author
-
Cavalcanti E, Galleggiante V, Coletta S, Stasi E, Chieppa M, Armentano R, and Serino G
- Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are rare and heterogeneous tumors that present a wide spectrum of different clinical and biological characteristics. Currently, tumor grading, determined by Ki-67 staining and mitotic counts, represents the most reliable predictor of prognosis. This time-consuming approach fails to reach high reproducibility standards thus requiring novel approaches to support histological evaluation and prognosis. In this study, starting from a microarray analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, we defined the miRNAs signature for poorly differentiated NETs (G3) compared to well-differentiated NETs (G1 and G2) consisting of 56 deregulated miRNAs. We identified 8 miRNAs that were expressed in all GEP-NETs grades but at different level. Among these miRNAs, miR-96-5p expression level was progressively higher from grade 1 to grade 3; inversely, its target FoxO1 expression decreased from grade 1 to grade 3. Our results reveal that the miRNAs expression profile of GEP-NET is correlated with the tumor grade, showing a potential advantage of miRNA quantification that could aid clinicians in the classification of common GEP-NETs subtypes. These findings could reliably support the histological evaluation of GEP-NETs paving the way toward personalized treatment approaches., (Copyright © 2020 Cavalcanti, Galleggiante, Coletta, Stasi, Chieppa, Armentano and Serino.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
98. Helicobacter pylori -induced inflammation masks the underlying presence of low-grade dysplasia on gastric lesions.
- Author
-
Panarese A, Galatola G, Armentano R, Pimentel-Nunes P, Ierardi E, Caruso ML, Pesce F, Lenti MV, Palmitessa V, Coletta S, and Shahini E
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Gastric Mucosa pathology, Humans, Hyperplasia pathology, Inflammation pathology, Male, Metaplasia pathology, Middle Aged, Helicobacter Infections complications, Helicobacter Infections drug therapy, Helicobacter Infections pathology, Helicobacter pylori, Stomach Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been associated with a long-term risk of precancerous gastric conditions (PGC) even after H. pylori eradication., Aim: To investigate the efficacy of High-Resolution White-Light Endoscopy with Narrow-Band Imaging in detecting PGC, before/after H. pylori eradication., Methods: We studied 85 consecutive patients with H. pylori -related gastritis with/without PGC before and 6 mo after proven H. pylori eradication. Kimura-Takemoto modified and endoscopic grading of gastric intestinal metaplasia classifications, were applied to assess the endoscopic extension of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. The histological result was considered to be the gold standard. The Sydney System, the Operative-Link on Gastritis-Assessment, and the Operative-Link on Gastric-Intestinal Metaplasia were used for defining histological gastritis, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, whereas dysplasia was graded according to World Health Organization classification. Serum anti-parietal cell antibody and anti-intrinsic factor were measured when autoimmune atrophic gastritis was suspected., Results: After H. pylori eradication histological signs of mononuclear/polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue-hyperplasia, disappeared or decreased in 100% and 96.5% of patients respectively, whereas the Operative-Link on Gastritis-Assessment and Operative-Link on Gastric-Intestinal Metaplasia stages did not change. Low-Grade Dysplasia prevalence was similar on random biopsies before and after H. pylori eradication (17.6% vs 10.6%, P = 0.19), but increased in patients with visible lesions (0% vs 22.4%, P < 0.0001). At a multivariate analysis, the probability for detecting dysplasia after resolution of H. pylori -related active inflammation was higher in patients with regression or reduction of Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue hyperplasia, greater alcohol consumption, and anti-parietal cell antibody and/or anti-intrinsic factor positivity [odds ratio (OR) = 3.88, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-11.49, P = 0.01; OR = 3.10, 95%CI: 1.05-9.12, P = 0.04 and OR = 5.47, 95%CI: 1.33-22.39, P < 0.04, respectively]., Conclusion: High-Resolution White-Light Endoscopy with Narrow-Band Imaging allows an accurate diagnosis of Low-Grade Dysplasia on visible lesions after regression of H. pylori -induced chronic gastritis. Patients with an overlap between autoimmune/ H. pylori -induced gastritis may require more extensive gastric mapping., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to report., (©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
99. Primary lymph node gastrinoma: a case report and review of the literature.
- Author
-
Cavalcanti E, Stasi E, Coletta S, Lorusso D, Rinaldi CM, and Armentano R
- Subjects
- Abdominal Pain diagnosis, Abdominal Pain etiology, Abdominal Pain surgery, Gastrinoma complications, Gastrinoma pathology, Gastrinoma surgery, Humans, Lymph Nodes diagnostic imaging, Lymphadenopathy complications, Lymphadenopathy pathology, Lymphadenopathy surgery, Male, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Gastrinoma diagnosis, Lymph Node Excision, Lymph Nodes pathology, Lymphadenopathy diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: Gastrinoma is a rare form of neuroendocrine neoplasm. The presence of a primary lymph node localization of gastrinoma is a much debated and controversial topic in the literature, as regards whether these cases represent metastatic disease from an as yet unidentified primary tumor, or the de novo occurrence of a gastrinoma in a lymph node., Case Presentation: We report the case of a 24-year-old male with intense epigastric pain treated at the beginning with high dose proton pump inhibitors. Further workup with CT and subsequent laparotomy revealed a single peripancreatic lymph node. Histological examination highlighted a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor., Conclusion: This case underlines that the primitive lymph node gastrinoma is a distinct nosological entity with a precise location in the context of rare neuroendocrine tumors that should be considered when specific symptoms are associated with the identification of isolated lymph nodes, after excluding any possible primitive locations of neoplastic localization.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
100. Winnie- APC Min/+ Mice: A Spontaneous Model of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Combining Genetics and Inflammation.
- Author
-
De Santis S, Verna G, Serino G, Armentano R, Cavalcanti E, Liso M, Dicarlo M, Coletta S, Mastronardi M, Lippolis A, Tafaro A, Santino A, Pinto A, Campiglia P, Huang AY, Cominelli F, Pizarro TT, and Chieppa M
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis genetics, Biopsy, Cell Proliferation, Cytoskeleton, Disease Models, Animal, Disease Progression, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Immunohistochemistry, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Intestinal Mucosa pathology, Mice, Neoplasm Grading, Colitis-Associated Neoplasms etiology, Disease Susceptibility, Genes, APC
- Abstract
(1) Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the best examples of the relationship between inflammation and increased cancer risk. (2) Methods: To examine the effects of spontaneous low-grade chronic inflammation on the pathogenesis of CRC, we developed a new murine model of colitis-associated cancer (CAC) by crossing Mucin 2 mutated mice (Winnie) with Apc
Min/+ mice. (3) Results: The resulting Winnie- ApcMin/+ model combines an inflammatory background with a genetic predisposition to small intestinal polyposis. Winnie- ApcMin/+ mice show an early occurrence of inflammatory signs and dysplastic lesions in the distal colon with a specific molecular signature. (4) Conclusion: The Winnie- ApcMin/+ model is a perfect model to demonstrate that chronic inflammation represents a crucial risk factor for the onset and progression of tumoral lesions in individuals genetically predisposed to CRC.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.