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Il saggio prende in esame la voce dei protagonisti e ricostruisce come - attraverso discorsi e dialoghi - Lussu, riducendo al minimo inserti commentativi e riflessivi del narratore, ritragga la concretezza e la crudezza della condizione di vita dei soldati, l’astrattezza velleitaria e le smanie criminali di onnipotenza dei generali, la difficoltà degli ufficiali di mantenersi saldi e lucidi in mezzo a tanta spesso evitabile carneficina. Nella restituzione delle parole di questa umanità in guerra Lussu non si arresta all’area del confronto strutturato e del discorso articolato. Ritrae anche lo spazio di una parola meno organizzata, da un lato seguendo il serpeggiare informale delle voci, il loro costituirsi e diffondersi, dall’altro fissando l’emergenza improvvisa e perentoria delle parole scandite e gridate: ordini e incitamenti. Così come richiama il valore del tacere, tratteggiando silenzi eloquenti, colpevoli, tattici, e silenzi ‘perduti’. L’analisi della zona testuale delle parole dei personaggi fa così emergere con forza la lettura antiretorica della vita di trincea.

Il saggio analizza, attraverso dichiarazioni d'autore e lo studio delle carte preparatorie conservate presso il Fondo manoscritti dell'Università di Pavia e presso la Fondazione Bufalino di Comiso, lo stile di ideazione e costruzione dei libri di Bufalino.

Il saggio prende in esame le modalità di rappresentazione degli animali presenti in modo diffuso nell'opera di Meneghello e mette in luce la funzione e il senso di cui sono portatori (rilevatori di differenze sociali e generazionali, correlativi oggettivi di personaggi, termini di paragone icastici...). L'uso del materiale animale è improntato anche a una spinta conoscitiva, che consente all'autore, fissando 'stili di vita' animale, di riflettere sul nostro.

Saggio premesso alla raccolta di interventi critici di Amelia Rosselli che rende atto da un lato della pluralità di interessi, della curiosità e volontà di immergersi con slancio partecipativo nella vita culturale e di interrogarsi sulla realtà del suo tempo, dall'altro tratteggia le specificità stilistiche e argomentative di una scrittura 'pratica' dal forte rigore etico.

Il saggio analizza le strategie editoriali della Bompiani per le collane per ragazzi e la loro fisionomia. La ricerca si è avvalsa delle carte dell'Archivio personale Bompiani conservato presso il centro Apice dell'Università degli Studi di Milano e dei materiali dell'Archivio della casa editrice.

La produzione narrativa di C. Dossi viene analizzata dal punto di vista delle strutture sintattiche e dell'interazione dialogica fra i personaggi, componenti della scrittura dossiana meno frequentate dalla critica che ha valorizzato soprattutto la smagliante espressività lessicale. L'indagine guidata da queste due prospettive consente di mettere in luce i meccanismi di rappresentazione della realtà e di costruzione del pensiero, consente di evitare una limitaizone troppo netta dell'opera di Dossi alla dimensione autobiografica, rispettando la tensione costante fra le ragioni dell'io e l'interesse critico per gli altri.

Il saggio analizza la modalità di rappresentazione dei 'popolani' in Libera nos a malo e ne I piccoli maestri di Luigi Meneghello; una rappresentazione immune da idoleggiamenti, trasposizioni soggettivistiche, distanziamenti sprezzanti, scivolamenti populistico-paternalistici. Il popolano per Meneghello è l'altro con cui confrontarsi per una comprensione più piena e profonda di sé. La diversità culturale non viene descritta con atteggiamento statico-costatativo, ma dinamico, in una dialettica di critica e autocritica che nell'ironia trova il suo mezzo più proprio.

Il saggio prende in esame l'impalcatura sintattica che sorregge la pirotecnia lessicale del romanzo d'esordio di G. Bufalino. Le strategie sintattiche (ritmo piano, avvolgente, sincopato/estatico), l'uso della punteggiatura, la selezione e la disposizione del lessico, sapientemente dosati e alternati, restituiscono la cifra stilistica di Diceria dell'untore, all'insegna di una leggibilità preziosa e di un sublime affabile.

Simple Summary Moving from the achievements of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic lung cancer, the great promise of immunotherapy in resectable early-stage is to make a disease, often lethal until now for frequent post-surgery relapses, more curable. This review focuses on role of immunotherapy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. We summarize biological rationale, findings from clinical trials of adjuvant and neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors, questions about biomarkers and choice of endpoints, aiming to provide up-to-date information useful for clinical decision making. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Since prognosis of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains dismal for common relapses after curative surgery, considerable efforts are currently focused on bringing immunotherapy into neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. Previously, perioperative chemotherapy showed only a modest but significative improvement in overall survival. The presence of broad tumor neoantigens load at primary tumor prior to surgery as well as the known immunosuppressive status following resection represent the main rationale for immunotherapy in early disease. Several trials have been conducted in recent years, leading to atezolizumab and nivolumab approval in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant setting, respectively, and perioperative immunotherapy in NSCLC remains a field of active clinical and preclinical investigation. Unanswered questions in perioperative therapy in NSCLC include the optimal sequence and timing of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the potential of combination strategies, the role of predictive biomarkers for patient selection and the choice of useful endpoints in clinical investigation.

Background: The safety of the new vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have already been shown, although data on patients with polyneuropathy are still lacking. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adherence to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, as well as the reactogenicity to those vaccines in patients affected by neuropathy. Methods: A multicentric and web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients affected by neuropathy from part of South Italy. Results: Out of 285 responders, n = 268 were included in the final analysis and n = 258 of them (96.3%) were fully vaccinated. Adherence to vaccination was higher in patients with hereditary neuropathies compared to others, while it was lower in patients with anti-MAG neuropathy (all p < 0.05). The overall prevalence of adverse events (AEs) was 61.2% and its occurrence was not associated with neuropathy type. Being female and of younger age were factors associated with higher risk of AEs, while having an inflammatory neuropathy and steroids assumption were associated with a lower risk (all p < 0.05). Younger age, having had an AE, and COVID-19 before vaccination were factors associated with symptoms worsening after vaccination (all p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Patients with neuropathy showed a high level of adherence to COVID-19 vaccination. Safety of vaccines in patients with neuropathies was comparable to the general population and it was more favorable in those with inflammatory neuropathy.

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has overwhelmed the health systems worldwide. Data regarding the impact of COVID-19 on cancer patients (CPs) undergoing or candidate for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are lacking. We depicted the practice and adaptations in the management of patients with solid tumors eligible or receiving ICIs during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a special focus on Campania region.MethodsThis survey (25 questions), promoted by the young section of SCITO (Società Campana di ImmunoTerapia Oncologica) Group, was circulated among Italian young oncologists practicing in regions variously affected by the pandemic: high (group 1), medium (group 2) and low (group 3) prevalence of SARS-CoV-2–positive patients. For Campania region, the physician responders were split into those working in cancer centers (CC), university hospitals (UH) and general hospitals (GH). Percentages of agreement, among High (H) versus Medium (M) and versus Low (L) group for Italy and among CC, UH and GH for Campania region, were compared by using Fisher’s exact tests for dichotomous answers and χ2 test for trends relative to the questions with 3 or more options.ResultsThis is the first Italian study to investigate the COVID-19 impact on cancer immunotherapy, unique in its type and very clear in the results. The COVID-19 pandemic seemed not to affect the standard practice in the prescription and delivery of ICIs in Italy. Telemedicine was widely used. There was high consensus to interrupt immunotherapy in SARS-CoV-2–positive patients and to adopt ICIs with longer schedule interval. The majority of the responders tended not to delay the start of ICIs; there were no changes in supportive treatments, but some of the physicians opted for delaying surgeries (if part of patients’ planned treatment approach). The results from responders in Campania did not differ significantly from the national ones.ConclusionOur study highlights the efforts of Italian oncologists to maintain high standards of care for CPs treated with ICIs, regardless the regional prevalence of COVID-19, suggesting the adoption of similar solutions. Research on patients treated with ICIs and experiencing COVID-19 will clarify the safety profile to continue the treatments, thus informing on the most appropriate clinical conducts.

Background and aims: No consensus exists on how aggressively to treat relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) nor on the timing of the treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate disability trajectories in RRMS patients treated with an early intensive treatment (EIT) or with a moderate-efficacy treatment followed by escalation to higher-efficacy disease modifying therapy (ESC). Methods: RRMS patients with ⩾5-year follow-up and ⩾3 visits after disease modifying therapy (DMT) start were selected from the Italian MS Registry. EIT group included patients who received as first DMT fingolimod, natalizumab, mitoxantrone, alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab, cladribine. ESC group patients received the high efficacy DMT after ⩾1 year of glatiramer acetate, interferons, azathioprine, teriflunomide or dimethylfumarate treatment. Patients were 1:1 propensity score (PS) matched for characteristics at the first DMT. The disability trajectories were evaluated by applying a longitudinal model for repeated measures. The effect of early versus late start of high-efficacy DMT was assessed by the mean annual Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) changes compared with baseline values (delta-EDSS) in EIT and ESC groups. Results: The study cohort included 2702 RRMS patients. The PS matching procedure produced 363 pairs, followed for a median (interquartile range) of 8.5 (6.5–11.7) years. Mean annual delta-EDSS values were all significantly ( p Conclusion: Our results indicate that EIT strategy is more effective than ESC strategy in controlling disability progression over time.