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Copyright of Revista Clínica de Ortodontia Dental Press is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Clínica de Ortodontia Dental Press is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Clínica de Ortodontia Dental Press is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Information about several topics discussed at a roundtable held on May 2012 sponsored by the Journal of Clinical Orthodontics (JCO) on the role of lingual orthodontics is presented. Topic includes the use of translucent silicone material for covering the braces and the standards of arch wire sequence. The roundtable featured several dentists which includes Didier Fillion, J. Clifton Alexender and Vittorio Cacciafesta.

The article presents an interview with several clinicians who include Didier Fillon, Vittorio Cacciafesta and Alferdo Gilbert. When asked about increasing demand for lingual appliances, Fillion replied that since last 10 years he has seen an increasing demand in this field. Cacciafesta says that patients come to his clinic for lingual treatment as the only solution of orthodontics. Gilbert says that he imparts regular courses and talks at several conferences about its benefits.

Copyright of Revista Clínica de Ortodontia Dental Press is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on the orthodontists' responses on a survey regarding the factors which contribute to the success and failure of skeletal anchorage devices. John Graham of Arizona notes that the two factors which can be controlled by the orthodontist are treatment planning and miniscrew placement. Masatada Koga of Japan states that the thickness of cortical bone is a determinant of success while the root or periodontal membrane's contaction is one cause of failure.

The article presents a roundtable discussion related to skeletal anchorage in the U.S. Topics include the loading of miniscrews, the maximum load placed on one miniscrew, and indications of indirect skeletal anchorage. The panel discussion was participated by several orthodontists including Nicole Scheffler, John W. Graham, and David E. Paquette.

Information on the use of temporary skeletal anchorage discussed in a roundtable sponsored by the "Journal of Clinical Orthodontics" is presented. It states that orthodontists use miniscrews in all cases where anchorage is necessary and if it is an issue. It also mentions that miniscrews can avoid surgical problems such as maxillary impactions and severe bimaxillary protrusion. Moreover, it notes that systematic diseases and smoking are the risk factors for implant failures.

The article focuses on the use of glass fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) as an anchorage reinforcement in adult patients undergoing treatment with new biodimensional lingual appliances. It cites two case studies of a 22-year-old female with a diastema between the maxillary central incisors and a 56-year-old woman with general periodontitis. The role of FRCs to be a substitute for traditional stainless steel labial anchorage in lingual orthodontics is discussed.

The article focuses on the Slide low-friction ligature, which is an alternative to self-ligating systems, that can reduce the amount of friction between the archwire and the edgewise bracket. Such ligature, which is an alternative to self-ligating systems, is applied to the bracket just as how a conventional elastomeric ligature is put on. Several cases in which this ligature is applied, are also presented, along with the conclusion.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of light-tip distance on the shear bond strength and failure site of brackets cured with three different light curing units: a high-intensity halogen (Astralis 10, 10-second curing), a light-emitting diode (LED, e-Light, six-second curing), and a plasma arc (PAC System, four-second curing). One hundred and thirty-five bovine permanent mandibular incisors were randomly allocated to nine groups of 15 specimens each. Stainless steel brackets were bonded with a composite resin to the teeth, and each curing light was tested at zero, three, and six mm from the bracket. After bonding, all samples were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours and subsequently tested for shear bond strength. When the three light curing units were compared at a light-tip distance of zero mm, the three lights showed no significantly different shear bond strengths. At light-tip distances of three and six mm, no significant differences were found between the halogen and plasma arc lights, but both lights showed significantly higher shear bond strengths than the LED light. When evaluating the effect of the light-tip distance on each light curing unit, the halogen light showed as significant differences between the three distances. However, the LED light produced significantly lower shear bond strengths at a greater light-tip distance, and the plasma arc lamp showed significantly higher shear bond strengths at a greater light-tip distance. In hard-to-reach areas, the use of PAC system is suggested, whereas the LED evaluated in this study is not recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the effectiveness of light-emitting diode (LED) technology as a tool in curing dental composites. The authors reveal that LED sources can produce a depth of cure that is greater than that achieved with a conventional halogen light. They also describe the GC E-Light* which contains an array of 64 F-grade LEDs that can produce an intensity as high as 1,500mW/cm2.

The article offers information on the characteristics of GC Fuji Band Capsule, an experimental glass ionomer cement that has been introduced in capsule form. It states that the glass ionomer has been introduced in capsule to shorten the mixing time and to eliminate wasted adhesives. It notes that the encapsulated glass ionomer eliminates waste, reduces chairtime and provides reproducible physical properties.

The article describes the use of the segmented-arch approach in treating two orthodontic cases of impacted teeth with transpositions. A 10-year-old male with impacted maxillary permanent right central incisor, lateral incisor and canine used a Quad Helix to derotate the maxillary first molar and the impacted teeth were surgically exposed. A 14-year-old female with severe dental malalignment was initially treated with transpalatal arch.

The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical performance of a resin-modified, self-cured glass ionomer adhesive for bonding cast splint Herbst appliances to that of a conventional composite resin in a split-mouth design. Ten patients (six females and four males) with cast splint Herbst appliances were followed for a mean period of 7 ± 1 months. The performance of 40 cobalt-chromium cast splints was evaluated: 20 cast splints were bonded with GC Fuji Ortho glass ionomer adhesive (GC America Inc., Alsip, IL, USA), and 20 bonded with Excel composite resin (Reliance Orthodontic Products Inc., Itasca, Il, USA). Excel recorded an overall failure rate (20%), which was higher than GC Fuji Ortho (15%), but not significantly different (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between the failure rates in the upper and lower arches within each material and between the two bonding agents. This study demonstrates that resin-modified, self-cured glass ionomers can be recommended as alternative materials for bonding cast splint Herbst appliances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the use of cantilevers in extruding impacted canines and box loops in producing 1st and 2nd order corrections and continue vertical eruption. It states that the line of action of the force exerted by the cantilever on the canine can be adjusted, producing a statically determinate force system on the canine with appropriate magnitude and direction of applied force. It notes that box loops are effective in providing corrections while continuing the eruption of the canine.

The present study investigated the effects of a recycling technique on orthodontic ceramic brackets by means of a scanning electron microscope analysis. The weight and dimension changes of brackets recycled one, five and ten times compared with new ones were evaluated. The results suggest that changes in weight (+4.27 mg), in buccal and base slot widths (−0.0013 inches), in slot depth (+0.0014 inches) and in the total bracket base area (+ 1.46 mm2) are of little clinical relevance. The shear bond strengths of recycled versus new ceramic brackets were then evaluated and compared.The mean values for new ceramic brackets and brackets recycled one, five and ten times were 15.52, 11.23, 10.10 and 10.04 MPa, respectively, indicating that recycled ceramic brackets provide shear bond strengths adequate for clinical use. Moreover, they exhibit bond failures mostly at the bracket/adhesive interface, without causing enamel damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of an 18-year-old female patient who was presented to a dentist because of a scissor bite between the left second premolars. The patient received a two-month treatment using two-dimensional brackets and fiber-reinforced composites and everStick FRC bar appliance to correct her scissor bite. It states that the treatment demonstrated promising results, in fact, the scissor bite was completely corrected without any complications.

The article demonstrates the use of combined lingual cantilever and glass ionomer splint in correcting a single-tooth anterior crossbite. A 27-year-old requested an invisible and fast treatment for his maxillary left lateral incisor in lingual crossbite and mesially rotated. It notes that the orthodontic appliance allows well-defined biomechanical force systems and delivers constant forces during orthodontic movement thus frequent reactivations and appliance adjustments are lessened.

The article offers information on the Plasma Arc Curing (PAC) System, a xenon arc light unit, which is used for dental bonding and bleaching. It notes that the xenon arc light unit is more advantageous than the visible light curing (VLC) unit for it has filters that narrow the visible light in the 470-nanometer spectrum. An overview of the orthodontic bonding procedure using the PAC System is presented. It states that the said system is also used for tooth bleaching.

The article presents the author's views on a study about randomized clinical trial comparing one-step and two-step orthodontic bonding systems. He states that the study is well written and designed randomized controlled clinical trial that aimed to assess the clinical bond failure rates of orthodontic brackets bonded using a self-etching primer. He sees only one weak point in the study, the limited number of patients involved.

The article summarizes several commentaries on scientific papers concerning orthodontics. A survey study about molar band re-use by P. Dowsing and P.E. Benson allowed all orthodontists to reflect on their clinical practices by peer review. The investigative report about the use of a single component self-etching primer adhesive system for orthodontic bonding by K. House and associates has been deemed well written by reviewers.

The article presents a case study of a 9-year-old girl who accidentally swallowed a rapid palatal expander. The patient was presented with a unilateral crossbite on the left side, a skeletal Class I malocclusion, and a mouthbreathing habit. The patient underwent endoscopy wherein the palatal expander was located. It further suggests that patients who accidentally swallow any orthodontic appliances must be monitored closely for symptoms such as dyspnea and choking.

The article offers information on the technique recommended for direct bonding of orthodontic brackets using triad visible-light-cured (VLC) resin as an alternative to composite resins. It mentions that the triad is made up of urethane dimethacrylate that contains colloidal silica to control handling and is distributed in light-shielded rods. It notes the significance of using the technique in assuring precise bracket placement and its ability to insert archwires after bonding.

In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of adults receiving comprehensive orthodontic treatment. In clinical practice, management of adults may be somewhat different than for most adolescents. Adults are more likely than adolescents to have dentitions that have undergone some degree of mutilation over time, which may necessitate alterations in the treatment strategy. Excessive wear, missing and compromised teeth are some of the differences observed. For adult patients who have experienced bone and attachment loss as a consequence of periodontal disease, a new set of biomechanical requirements exists for producing the tooth movements desired during the orthodontic therapy. Proper planning and appliance design for adults presenting with multiple missing teeth may require some degree of creativity to adapt to unique malocclusions and deliver the proper biomechanical force system. In this article, current clinical application of biomechanical principles will be presented with emphasis on clinical orthodontic management of severely mutilated dentitions., (© EDP Sciences, SFODF, 2011.)

Purpose: The use of bovine teeth as a substitute for human enamel has been proposed for dental studies. The aim of this study was to determine the shear bond strength and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) of deciduous and permanent bovine teeth., Materials and Methods: Twenty deciduous and 20 permanent extracted bovine teeth were embedded in resin blocks. Stainless steel conventional orthodontic brackets were bonded to the teeth using an orthodontic adhesive. All samples were tested in shear mode on a testing machine. ARI scores were then recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to determine significant differences in bond strength and ARI scores., Results: The bond strength of permanent bovine teeth was significantly higher (p = 0.0010) than that of the deciduous teeth. ARI scores showed no significant differences (p = 0.74)., Conclusion: Deciduous teeth show lower shear bond strength than permanent teeth.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of water and saliva contamination on the shear bond strength and site of bond failure of two different orthodontic adhesives (Transbond XT and cyanoacrylate Smartbond LC)., Materials and Methods: 120 bovine permanent mandibular incisors were randomly divided into 6 groups, and each group consisted of 20 specimens. Each adhesive was tested under three different enamel surface conditions: 1) dry, 2) water contamination, 3) saliva contamination. 120 stainless steel brackets (0.018-inch slot DB, Leone) were bonded in each test group with the respective adhesive. After bonding, all samples were stored in distilled water for 24 hours and subsequently tested in a shear mode on an Instron Universal Testing Machine. Shear bond strength and site of bond failure were evaluated. Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's exact tests were applied to determine significant differences in terms of bond strength among the 6 groups. The chi-square test was used to determine significant differences in the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores., Results: Transbond XT showed the highest bond strength values when it was applied onto dry enamel (P < 0.0002). No significant differences were reported when Transbond was used either on water- or saliva- contaminated enamel (P = 0.5), however the bond strength values were significantly low. For Smartbond LC no significant differences were found between dry and moist with water conditions (P = 0.3). Significantly higher bond strength values were reported when Smartbond LC was used on saliva contaminated enamel (P = 0.002). Significant differences in debond locations were found among the different groups., Conclusions: The use of a cyanoacrylate adhesive is indicated under moist conditions (particularly saliva), and when a short setting time is required. This can be considered advantageous in clinical orthodontic bonding compared to conventional composites.