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The initiation of relationships is a relatively neglected topic of investigation within the interdisciplinary field of personal relationships. One aim of this research was to examine the degree to which heterosexual romantic relationships were perceived to be initiated more by one partner versus by both partners mutually. A second aim was to examine dispositional (sex and attachment style) and relational factors (relative interest early in the relationship and Current satisfaction) associated with doing the work of relationship initiation. Study I, which combined several samples of young adults who had been asked about the initiation stage of their relationship, indicated that relationship initiation was generally imbalanced; one partner was perceived as doing more of the work than the other. Further analyses indicated that women were more likely to report that the partner rather than the self was the initiator, but no such difference was found for men. Those with a preoccupied attachment style reported greater degrees of self-initiation. Consistent with Waller's principle of least interest (e.g., Waller and Hill 1951), greater interest (relative to the partner) was also associated with doing the work of relationship initiation. Participants with balanced relationship initiation reported greater current satisfaction and commitment. In a follow-up study, based on data from both members of 75 couples, moderate agreement between partners was found about who initiated the relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A thin, uniform, rectangular, elastic plate is freely supported in air, and driven so that it vibrates flexurally at a resonance frequency. The modal function, which describes the vibrational displacement over the surface of the plate, is approximated as the product of two sine functions. From this modal function the probability density function (pdf), P(s), for random sampling over the plate surface of the rms acceleration, is calculated to be 4π-2 K(1-s2), where K is a complete elliptic integral. Using this expression and experimental values sampled randomly over the plate surface, estimates of known precision can be made of the mean vibrational level of the plate. Experimental results are given for a steel plate measuring 4 ft×3 ft×1/4 in., resonating at a single frequency; they agree quite well with the theoretical cumulative function derived from the pdf given above. Also considered are cases where two overlapping modes are excited at a given frequency. The corresponding pdfs are found, by Monte Carlo calculations, for five different values of phase difference between two modes excited with equal amplitudes. As the pdfs are known for the case where a pure tone excites many overlapping modes (exponential for the mean-square acceleration, Rayleigh for the rms value), an outline of the sampling statistics is now available for all modal densities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the process of using principles from community-based participatory action research to involve low-income, single, African American mothers on the south side of Chicago in genomic research, including as citizen scientists. The South Chicago Black Mothers' Resiliency Project used a mixed methods design to investigate how the stress of living in neighborhoods with high levels of violence affects mothers' mental and physical health. This article seeks to serve as a model for physicians and scholars interested in successfully involving low-income African American mothers in genomic research, and other health-related activities in ways that are culturally sensitive and transformative. The lives of Black mothers who struggle under interlocking systems of oppression that are often hidden from view of most Americans are at the center of this article. Therefore, we provide extensive information about the procedures used to collect the various types of data, the rationale for our procedures, the setting, the responses of mothers in our sample and methodological challenges. This study also has implications for the current COVID-19 pandemic and the need to train a corps of citizen scientists in health and wellness to avoid future extreme loss of life such as the 106,195 lives lost in the United States as of June 1, 2020.