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This paper explores the impact of education-job mismatch on the net income of workers in the context of Bosnia-Herzegovina. We used an OLS linear regression method on data from the Measure BiH Youth Survey. A log-transformation of the dependent variable created the left-side semilog functional form, which is typically used in models of the earnings of individuals. Our findings strongly support the statement that education-job mismatch has a significant effect on net income. Workers can expect net income differences between 13% and 15% if their level of education does not match that required for their job. However, our results show that the impact of education-job mismatch depends on the level of schooling and age of respondents. Results regarding education- job mismatch vary across studies, but our study is the first to examine the effect of education-job mismatch on net income in the context of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Second, the effect of education- job mismatch might depend on the choice of estimation method for incidences of overeducation and undereducation. Third, we emphasise the importance of understanding interactions, and fourth, we introduce new variables to understand how they influence earnings. These include religiousness, and the importance of belonging to a family, or a particular city.

Partiler arası iç rekabetin dinamikleri Avrupa entegrasyonu konusunda partilerin siyasi yaklaşımını nasıl etkilemektedir? Partilerin Avrupa entegrasyonu konusundaki duruşları, iç politikadaki mevcut pozisyonlarına bakarak anlaşılabilir mi? Mevcut literatür her iki sorunun cevabının da olumlu olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma söz konusu bu bulguların Avrupa Birliği aday ülkeleri için de geçerli olup olmadığını anlamayı hedeflemektedir. Bulgular Batı Avrupa temelli bu bulguların mevcut aday ülkeler için de geçerli olabileceğini göstermektedir. Elde edilen analizin sonuçları Sırbistan, Bosna-Hersek ve Makedonya'nın Doğu Avrupa ülkeleri ile, Türkiye'nin ise Batı Avrupa ülkeleri ile benzer eğilimler taşıdığını ortaya koymaktadır., Howdoes the domestic structure of party competition affect parties’ politicalsupport for European integration? Is it possible to estimate a party’s positionabout European integration by looking at its political stance in domesticpolitics? Previous research has proved that the answer to the above questionsis “yes”. This article aims to explore whether these findings travel to thecandidate countries that are going to join the European family in a nearfuture. Our findings show that this model is applicable to candidate countries.The results, on the other hand, suggest that the four candidate countries Serbia,Bosnia Herzegovina, and Macedonia introduce similar patterns with East Europeancountries whereas Turkey is more similar to West Europe in terms of thestructure of party competition.

Mandatory power-sharing laws aim to balance power between groups in contexts where majoritarian democracy might disadvantage minorities. Yet, unless veto arrangements are in place, cabinet-level decision-making usually continues to operate under majority rule. Minority parties participating in such power-sharing executives may lose support in their own communities owing to a failure to deliver substantial reforms or to advance minority objectives and become seen as ‘Uncle Tom’ type figures who no longer represent their own community. This article explores examples of these dilemmas facing power-sharing cabinets in Zimbabwe, South Africa, Bosnia–Herzegovina, Fiji, and the French Pacific territory of New Caledonia.

The March of Peace (Marš mira) is a 63-mile, 3-day walk through eastern Bosnia organised in memory of the victims of the 1995 Srebrenica genocide and traces in reverse a death march. Marchers take a trail from Nezuk, stopping at mass graves found along the way, arriving at the memorial cemetery in Potočari a day prior to the annual mass funeral for victims who have been recently exhumed. This article charts the journey from the death march to the peace march and asks the reader to assess the efficacy of embodied memory-work and the ethical responsibility to undertake – and responsibilities when undertaking – alternative memory-work in post-genocide landscapes and sites of mass murder, through a series of rhetorical shifts. A number of frames are enacted to challenge other more linear and conventional approaches, allowing the sociological and political productivity of engaging with post-genocide landscapes in a post-conflict state to emerge, referencing dissident forms of remembrance through the method of walking-with others while traversing this post-genocide landscape on foot. Travelling-with around 8,000 mourners, some of whom were survivors of the death march, the aim here is not to simply describe what is taking place; rather, the journey is undertaken in order to activate a space – a space within which I might engage with issues of landscape, conflict and memory in the context of their current discussion within cultural and political geography, genocide studies and memory studies, and more importantly to speak of genocide and a post-genocide landscape.

The author argues that engaging with the legacy of war rapes that happened two decades ago allow us to observe, reflect and analyse the impact of past research, and in doing so to revise methodolog...

The siege of Sarajevo has altered the experience of ethnicity, reconfiguring ethnic categories into moral boundaries. From 1992 to 1995, the city was held under siege by the Army of Republika Srpska, and many Sarajevan Serbs still grapple today with the feeling that others view them as aggressors. Based on one year of ethnographic fieldwork with Serb women of the pre-war generations, I describe how they intentionally make small alterations in gesture and body language in order to perform ethnic ambiguity, and avoid being read by others as Serb. While anthropological accounts have tended to use performativity to emphasize the constructed and situational nature of ethnicity, here I focus on the anxiety that drives Serb women’s performances in order to capture the inherent and inescapable feeling of ethnicity in a post-war space. I also discuss the difficulty of capturing this anxiety through empirical methods, navigating the discrepancy between Serb women’s narrative accounts of ethnic stigmatization compared to the apparently unproblematic flow of everyday social life. Through this discrepancy, I demonstrate how the embodied and ever-accumulating feeling of ethnic anxiety can conjure threats where there may be none, and how it can charge even the most (seemingly) mundane encounters.

This article traces trajectories of colonized bodies and (female) sexualities through the geopolitical and historical continuity in the territories of what is now Bosnia-Herzegovina. Starting with the historiographic overview of women under Ottoman rule, the author addresses the “patriarchal bargain,” that is, women’s (in)voluntary choice to accommodate the frame of patriarchal norms and restrictions. The second section moves to the period of the Bosnian war in the 1990s and turns to the study of female bodies subjected to “double colonialism.” If women had been previously codified, categorized, and disciplined through the patriarchal system, during the war, the author claims, the military, political, and cultural occupation of their “land” doubles the “colonialization.” In the third part of this study, the author observes how the history of (semi)colonial practices in Bosnia-Herzegovina is reflected in present cultural patterns and physical manifestations through women’s bodies as the phenomenon that some authors with (justified) hesitation call “neo-ottomanism.”

The research that is presented here explores the place of maternal memory among child survivors of the Bosnian Muslim genocide that took place in Bosnia-Herzegovina during the 1990s. Using a qualit...

After the involvement of the Balkans in the Ottoman territory, important works were produced in all types of Turkish literature from sufi to folk, this literary culture took root and blended with the local people’s culture in the region. The cultural exchange between Balkan and Turkish groups has formed the base for a common culture. There was an exchange between Slavic and Turkish languages which were used in the region and numerous Turkish origin words, a lot of proverbs, idioms, anecdotes got involved in the Balkan culture. One of the most beautiful examples of these is Hodja Nasreddin. The anecdotes of Hodja Nasreddin, which reached the Balkans with the Turkmen people who migrated from Anatolia were adopted and seen as one part of their own folk cultures by the local community.

The peace negotiations ending the 1992–95 Bosnian war established a constitutional system of ethnic power-sharing giving international peacebuilding a significant role in post-conflict Bosnia’s gov...

Small and medium enterprises are by their very nature almost compelled to seek their place on the market through the implementation of innovative processes and innovations. Innovation is one of the processes that contribute to sustaining the competitiveness of the company, showing the operational flexibility and the ability to acquire new knowledge, that is, a favorable exchange of information with its environment in which it operates. This paper presents an overview of the innovation impact in SMEs in Bosnia and Herzegovina, observing the impact factors in which innovation influences growth and development, and thus the overall success of the company.

The genus Xantholinus Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Xantholinini) contains 105 species in the western Palearctic region. In the present study, new and additional distribution data for 22 species of the genus Xantholinus are reported from various countries of the western Palearctic Region. The material examined was collected between 1898 and 2017; and contained types and additional specimens mostly in European museums. Among them, five species are the first country records: Azerbaijan (1), Armenia (1), Bosnia Herzegovina (1), Iraq (2), Jordan (1) and Macedonia (2). The original specimens of Xantholinus araxis Reitter, 1898 have been studied, the lectotype designated, the species redescribed and illustrated. Besides, the type specimens of Xantholinus phenicius Coiffait, 1971 (syn of Xantholinus rufipennis Erichson, 1839), Xantholinus kirschenblati Bordoni, 1975, Xantholinus fageli Coiffait, 1971 and Xantholinus gridellii carius Coiffait, 1972 (syn of Xantholinus varnensis Coiffait, 1972) are illustrated.

‘Divided’ cities – places of extreme exclusion and polarization – are sites where the paradox of both fragmentary and cosmopolitan capacity of the city comes to the fore. This article asks: What pr...

Drawing on the author's previous and current fieldwork in Bosnia-Herzegovina (BiH) and interactions with several non-governmental organizations (NGOs), this article asks whether some organizations ...

Five castorid teeth from the (early) middle Miocene locality Gracanica in Bosnia-Herzegovina, probably originating from lower lacustrine lignite-rich deposits, were available for study. These teeth from the upper jaw are similar in preservation, wear stage, and size and may represent only one single individual. Due to their size and morphology (mainly state of hypsodonty and closing hypostria in P4), they are referred to Stenefiber depereti. Since a semiaquatic lifestyle is assumed for Steneofiber, it may be assumed that the teeth are of autochthonous origin.

In this chapter we outline the approach used in a trauma recovery project for youths after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina during 2007–2009 period. Due to the positive outcomes witnessed through youth attitude change at the conclusion of the project, we felt it was necessary to reflect upon and summarise the details of the methodology used in providing psychological support during the project. The methodology used included a combination of interwoven elements centred around the concept of connection. We discuss the necessity for connection and its role in the healing of psychological trauma as well as the practical approach for the means to implement it. The elements used in the methodology included: the creation of a specific social environment; the use of workshops; group work; art therapy with a focus on creating mutual connection. The Connection Circle, an aspect of Integral Education is looked at more in depth as it was identified as the key contributing component.

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is known as a major air pollutant harmful to human health. Furthermore, it is a precursor gas of sulfate aerosol, which exerts a direct negative radiative forcing and thus leads to climate cooling. Anthropogenic SO2 sources are primarily associated with the combustion of sulfur-rich fossil fuels. While the operation of flue gas desulfurization devices has led to large SO2 reductions in western Europe, a hotspot of anthropogenic SO2 sources remains in the Balkan region as recently observed from space by the TROPOMI instrument on the Sentinel-5P satellite. Large coal-fired power plants with no or only incomplete SO2 removal cause these high emissions.Targeting these strong emitters, the DLR Falcon 20 aircraft was equipped with an isotopically on-line calibrated Chemical Ionization Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (CI-ITMS) to obtain detailed in situ SO2 observations during the METHANE-To-Go-Europe aircraft campaign in autumn 2020. These SO2 measurements were complemented by in situ observations of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4), aerosol number concentrations, and other short-lived pollutants (CO, NO, NOy). Two flights, on November 2nd and 7th 2020, focused on characterizing the pollution plumes downwind of two coal-fired power plants located in Bosnia-Herzegovina (Tuzla) and Serbia (Nikola Tesla), respectively. These power plants belong to the ten strongest SO2 emitters in Europe, and according to the World Health Organization, both countries are among the most polluted ones in Europe.We present a detailed analysis of the two DLR Falcon flights with strongly enhanced SO2 mixing ratios (exceeding 50 ppb), which were observed at low flight altitude (2 column densities, and both flights were performed during cloud-free conditions. The airborne measurements and satellite data will also be complemented by hourly ground-based SO2 measurements near both power plants. In addition, measurements are combined with state-of-the art model simulations from (i) the regional atmospheric chemistry climate model MECO(n); (ii) the atmospheric transport and dispersion model HYSPLIT; and (iii) the chemistry coupled Weather Research and Forecasting model WRF-Chem to improve the emission quantification of these power plants.

Consociational arrangements build upon the existence and salience of ethnic identities, and are largely implemented to manage plural realities - also and especially after conflicts. Nonetheless, consociational mechanisms have often been accused of discriminating against those bearers of identities not envisaged by the system, excluding them: in fact, not every citizen of a plural society can or wants to identify with the ethno-divisions (Agarin et al 2018), and the so-called ‘Others’ inevitably face a number of obstacles - both formal, and informal. This project focuses on the catch-all category ‘Others’ and looks at the consociations of South Tyrol and Bosnia Herzegovina. It explores how and in what extent consociations succeed or fail in representing and including ‘Others’, accommodating and satisfying their needs and interests, as well as the strategies ‘Others’ implement in order to ‘fit into they system’ and benefit from it. To conclude, the study suggests a reflection beyond the case studies and concerning consociations’ possible future developments.

This monograph focuses on the activities of Russian consuls in Sarajevo, as well as the work of diplomats on the Bosnian-Herzegovinian issue both during the Great Eastern Crisis and before the Annexation Crisis. The Congress of Berlin, held after the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–78, placed the region under the control of the Habsburg Monarchy, but under the sovereignty of the Ottoman Sultan. The book shows that the Russian Military Ministry had a plan to prevent the occupation. One of the research subjects is the Russian-Austrian negotiation on the status of the provinces. The decisions made by the St Petersburg were based on an analysis of the situation in the province — the center for collecting information was the Consulate in Sarajevo, hence the author’s attention to its functioning. The assessment of the Austro-Hungarian modernisation policy in the occupied territory by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs is analysed historiographically for the first time. The study of the ethnographic works by Pavel A. Rovinsky and Aleksei N. Kharuzin made it possible to trace the changes in the life of Bosnian and Herzegovinian inhabitants during the Austro-Hungarian occupation. Thus, the author attempts to demonstrate the connection between the internal development of the region and the decisions about its fate at the international level.

The societies struck by the so-called Balkan war in the early 1990s are still suffering from the consequences of the war. Many people of the postwar population are still traumatized by the war events. A total 164 patients with posttraumatic stress disorder or with enduring personality change after catastrophic experience (ICD10 F43.1 or ICD10 F62.0) who participated in a survey using the SpNQ at three psychiatry and psychotherapy wards of university clinics in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia expressed strong spiritual needs in all the scales of the SpNQ and in Family Support. In order to foster posttraumatic growth, treatment in psychiatry and psychotherapy ought to take seriously these needs of the patients—also as resources for coping more adequately with their burdens.

This article is concerned with White Armband Day ( Dan Bijelih Traka), marked on 31 May in memory of the genocidal campaign against Prijedor’s non-Serb population during the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina (1992–95). What started spontaneously in 2012 as a global social media campaign against genocide denial has become a commemoration day marked in Prijedor, the post-Yugoslav region, across the world and in virtual spaces. Its widespread recognition and impact on alternative memory discourses rendered it one of the most successful civil society initiatives engaging in dealing with the past in the region. Drawing on a transnational mobilisation perspective, the article explores how the initiative emerged and what factors contributed to White Armband Day’s establishment as a transnational commemoration day. Findings from multi-sited research indicate that beyond rapid online mobilisation, two prerequisites have been key to its success: displacement-based (trans)local networks of Prijedorčani and its ability to mobilise young people across ethnic divisions.

The chapter on Bosnia and Herzegovina focuses on the country’s small film industry that still struggles with the recent history of violent conflict, but whose cinematic output has garnered international attention and widespread critical acclaim. Prominent themes discussed include the ongoing efforts to come to terms with the wounds of war trauma, and the ever-growing economic precarity. The chapter also examines the role of film festivals in the circulation of Bosnian and regional cinema, and the ongoing regional collaborations between the national film industries of the former Yugoslav countries - a transnational network of cinematic output.

Similar to other Western Balkan (WB) countries, Bosnia & Herzegovina (BiH) started its transition toward a market-oriented economy in the mid-1990s. However, unlike most WB countries, BiH entered the transition shock and process with significant economic, human, and infrastructural losses that were a result of the war in BiH that lasted from 1992 to 1995. Following Dunning’s O-L-I framework, this chapter investigates dynamics of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to BiH including their industrial structure and that led to the current cumulative FDI situation. Because most of the available FDI literature analyzes inflows to BiH together with other WB or Southeastern European (SEE) countries, the purpose of this research is also to make a scholarly contribution that focuses exclusively upon BiH. Like most WB countries, BiH too faced two distinct periods of FDI inflows, which are analyzed here as pre- and post-global financial crisis of 2008. The results of our analysis show that BiH should put more effort into attracting FDI because in most cases foreign capital improves the country’s macroeconomic conditions. In conclusion, prospects are set forth for FDI inflows to BiH over the next decade, along with suggestions and recommendations to achieve greater FDI inflows into BiH.

The article explores the shifts in (women’s) social citizenship in Bosnia-Herzegovina and its effect on the development of childcare policy in the 1945–2019 period. Gendered, selective childcare policy, which was inherent in the socialist notion of social citizenship and aimed to emancipate women as ‘worker- mothers’, deteriorated in the transition period when ethnicity became prioritized over gender and class. Exclusionary citizenship practices increased with the post-1990 reforms as gender and social inequalities incorporated into childcare policy design become intertwined with inequalities based on ethnicity and/or locality. The post-1990 period is characterized by discontinuity, retrenchment and weak implementation of childcare-related rights.

The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) has made significant contributions to justice, peace, and security, and creating an historical record about the violence that victimized hundreds of thousands of people during the 1990s. Yet, it has also given us a robust model for adjudicating large-scale atrocity crimes through its three-tiered approach to justice. This chapter focuses on Bosnia and Herzegovina where the ICTY’s impact on local proceedings was most significant and analyses the ways in which the Tribunal provided a roadmap for similar contexts in the future. By examining benchmarks for success, Trahan and Vukušić outline how success can be understood, measured, and increased in these complex contexts where there is a great need for justice but limited resources. They also examine how positive outcomes can be supported through case prioritization, clear communication, the setting of realistic expectations, and cooperation with other jurisdictions.

System of prefabricated modules installed on the existing building envelope is one alternativesolution for deep energy refurbishment of buildings in the European Union. It allows thermalupgrade installation of new parts in the HVAC system. Moreover, some elements of the envelopecan be made of renewable materials. This research compares the residential building stock andidentifies potential types of buildings for energy refurbishment in Bosnia and Herzegovina andSlovenia. It presents refurbishment possibilities of existing residential building stock in bothcountries with prefabricated timber panels. It also presents potential obstacles to the widerapplication of this refurbishment solution.

A substantial body of scholarship has developed addressing the narrative importance poetry plays in understanding war and conflict. This article develops a new thread in that conversation b...

Three experiments examined the effects of a perpetrator group member expressing various emotions or no emotion on victim group members’ propensity to forgive the perpetrator group and hold positive outgroup beliefs. All studies were conducted in Bosnia Herzegovina. In Study 1 (N = 112), a member of the Serbian outgroup expressed No Emotion, Image Shame, Moral Shame or Guilt whilst talking about her group’s involvement in a recent atrocity (Srebrenica). The first condition elicited more forgiveness and more favorable outgroup cognitions in comparison with the other three conditions. This effect was replicated in Studies 2 (N = 90) and 3 (N = 98), which also incorporated manipulations of apologies and reparations respectively. Apologies had no effect on intergroup forgiveness or positive outgroup cognitions; reparations had more positive effects irrespective of emotions expressed.

The caterpillars of the Southern Swallowtail, Papilio alexanor have been recorded in the vicinity of Trebinje, Bosnia & Herzegovina. This is the first recent observation of this species in the country and the third observation so far. Opopanax chironium is confirmed as the larval host plant in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was expected due to the recent observations from Croatia. Its status and distribution in the country are still not clear, and further surveys are recommended in order to reconfirm the historical records as well as to assess its current conservation status. Due to the limited extent of its occurrence, we propose to include it in the Red list of fauna of Bosnia & Herzegovina as Vulnerable (VU).

In this article, I discuss how memorial museums in Hungary, Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina reference trends set by the US Holocaust Memorial Museum and Yad Vashem. Museums, which have tried to prove their Europe-fitness in the course of EU accession talks by highlighting the Holocaust, and those, which have sidelined the Holocaust to prevent its memorialization from competing with that of communist crimes, both incorporate elements from "western" Holocaust memorial museums, indicating how universalized Holocaust remembrance has become. I argue that these museological trends have also "travelled" to museums dedicated to the post-Yugoslav wars. In the last part I analyze how the Museum of Crimes Against Humanity and Genocide in Sarajevo and the Srebrenica-Potočari Memorial Center reference trends stemming from Holocaust memorial museums., U članku se razmatra kako memorijalni muzeji u Mađarskoj, Hrvatskoj i Bosni i Hercegovini odražavaju trendove koje su postavili Američki memorijalni muzej holokausta i Yad Vashem. Muzeji u državama koji su, ističući holokaust, nastojali pokazati svoju doraslost Europi tijekom pregovora o pristupanju Europskoj uniji, kao i muzeji koji su temu holokausta ostavili postrance kako bi izbjegli da se njegovo obilježavanje natječe sa sjećanjima na komunističke zločine, sadržavaju elemente "zapadnjačkih" memorijalnih muzeja holokausta, što ukazuje na činjenicu da je sjećanje na holokaust univerzalizirano. Autorica tvrdi da su ti muzeološki trendovi "doputovali" i do muzeja posvećenih postjugoslavenskim ratovima. U posljednjem dijelu teksta nudi analizu načina na koji su se trendovi potekli iz memorijalnih muzeja holokausta odrazili na Muzeju zločina protiv čovječnosti i genocida u Sarajevu i na Memorijalnom centru Srebrenica-Potočari.

It has always been a mantra of Habsburg history that Austria-Hungary never had colonies. This article investigates why Bosnia-Herzegovina can be regarded as such indeed, developing a check list of factors from critical colonial history, showing that it is a Eurocentric view actually that prevents us from recognizing colonialism on European soil.

This paper chronicles the ongoing efforts of several groups of Bosnian activists, artists and academics, to create archives of the often forgotten, and nowadays variously threatened, heritage of po...