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Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The results of the examination of sowing density and meteorological conditions on productive traits of several genotypes of winter triticale are presented in this paper. The examination was conducted in the vicinity of Bijelo Polje, in the northern part of Montenegro in the period 2009-2012. The experiment, set in randomized block system with three replications included five varieties of winter triticale (Odysseus, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango) and two sowing rates (density) - 600 and 800 germinated seeds per m-2. Common agronomical practices were used in the experiment, with the application of NPK fertilizer combinations 60:80:80. The following parameters were assessed: the number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, hectoliter weight and grain yields of triticale. The results of the examination showed significant differences in reproductive traits of winter triticale, depending on the variety, sowing density and weather conditions in the years of research. Variety Tango had the highest average grain yield (5610.0 kg ha-1) and 1000 grain weight (48.4 g), while Kg-20 had the lowest grain yield (4465.6 kg ha-1). Variety Odysseus had the highest number of grains per spike (38.5), while the highest value of hectoliter weight was determined in variety Triumph. Significantly higher yields were achieved by applying higher sowing density in comparison to the standard application of lower sowing density. The results of the examination showed that the demonstrated differences of observed parameters of the varieties which were included in this examination are the results of the specificity of varieties, of agro technical practices and climatic conditions in the years of study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the research carried out in the vicinity of Bijelo Polje (Montenegro) for a period 2009-2012. the effect of fertilization and variety on yield and yield components of winter triticale. The trial was set in random complete block design with three replications and included the five varieties (Odisej, Kg-20, Trijumf, Rtanj i Tango). The soil on which the experiment was performed was of alluvium type and the size of the experimental plot was 6 m². Unfertilized plot (the control), the lowest rate of nitrogen (60 kg N ha-1) alone and three steps of N fertilization (60 + 90 +120 kg N ha-1) on the same level of P and K (80 kg P2O5 + 80 kg K2O kg ha-1) were applied. Results of the study showed significant effect of fertilization and varieties on yield and yield components of winter triticale. Tango had the highest average grain yield (5,3 t ha-1) while Kg-20 had the lowest (4,4 t ha-1). Also, Tango had the highest value of the 1000 grain mass, while Triumph had the highest value of hectoliter weight. The application of fertilizers has led to a very large and significant increase of yield compared with the control. Accordingly, all studied cultivars had the highest yield when the three nutritious elements, N, P and K, were used (120 kg ha-1 N, 80 kg ha-1 P2O5 and 80 kg ha-1 K2O). These results are evidence for importance and role of fertilization and variety in expression of yield and yield components of winter triticale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper was to investigate the effect of numerous combinations of mineral, lime and manure fertilisers on wheat yield of two varieties (Pobeda and Kruna) grown on pseudogley. As mineral feeds NPK fertilisers were used, as lime fertiliser CaCO3, and manure as organic fertiliser. Results of the investigation didn't show statistical significance in grain yield at any of investigated variants of wheat, no matter what variant of fertilisation was used. With the use of mineral fertilisers, yield was rising from the lowest to the highest dose. Using the combination of mineral and lime fertilisers, especially those with higher doses of mineral feeds, higher yield was achieved which was statistically significant compared with those achieved only with mineral fertilisers. Combination of a manure, mineral and lime fertilisers gave a bigger yield, which was statistically very significant, than using of only mineral fertilisers. Also, using of that combination, but with increased dose of mineral feeds, gave a bigger yield than a combination of mineral and lime fertilisers, on a statistically very significant level. The biggest yield (5120 kg ha-1) gave variety Pobeda with using of combination of manure, mineral (with higher dose) and lime fertilisers. The lowest yield (2810 kg ha-1) gave variety Kruna with using of the lowest dose of mineral fertiliser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Genetika (0534-0012) is the property of Serbian Genetics Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The harvest of buckwheat and rye can be performed over multiple phases, two phases, or just one single phase. The quality of the thresher device's work depends on several factors: the state of the crops, the definitions of relevant parameters, technical accuracy, and staff skills. When the relevant parameters are not well coordinated, quality can significantly decrease, and it can result in losses and impurities, as well as broken and damaged grain in the threshed mass of the combine bunker. As with seed supplies, in processing grain, the contents of the broken, damaged kernels and impurities is undesirable. In seed goods and goods for processing, broken and damaged grains complicate cleaning and storage, and reduce the quality of the resulting product. A threshing device on a harvester has a significant impact on the quality of threshed buckwheat and rye. The quality of work is affected by numerous factors: moisture of the crops and compliance with the thresher drum's parameters. The aim of our study was to compare trials with two types of combines with a TTO threshing device and to determine the effects and impact of altered parameters on the quality of threshed buckwheat and rye, which will make obvious the shortcomings and advantages of the threshing apparatus. The research used the threshing devices of the combine ZMAJ142 and ZMAJ 135B. The humidity was 16.2% for the rye and 19.8% for the buckwheat. Based on the results it can be concluded that the highest content of intact whole grain buckwheat varieties (96.25%) was measured in the thresher that had corrected the defined parameters for the threshed combine mass of 135B. The lowest (92.86%) was measured in the Z142 combine harvester (the control). The highest average content of whole grain rye (97.24%) was recorded in the first threshed combine mass (a variant of the correction parameters), and the lowest (94.75%) was measured in the threshed combine mass of Z142 (control). Threshing devices that corrected the relevant working parameters peeled and broke buckwheat and rye grain during harvest significantly less than the control did. The minimum content of broken grains and dehulled buckwheat stood at 1.15%, with a peripheral drum speed of 16.69 m s-1 and a clearance of 20 mm between the concave and drum at the entrance (harvester Z135B). In the threshed mass of the other tested combine, a very high content (3.14%) of broken grains and dehulled buckwheat was measured (concave gap-16 mm drum, a drum peripheral speed of 25.12 m s-1). A similar effect occurs in the parameters defined for breakage and damage during the harvesting of rye, so that the minimum content of broken grains are recorded in the threshed mass of the corrected variant, amounting to 0.86% of 1600 (with a peripheral drum speed of 25.91 m s-1, gap-concave drum 20 mm), while the highest was recorded in the control of the other variant combine, testing at 1300 and amounting to 2.36%, with a peripheral drum speed of 32.97 m s-1 and a gap-concave drum of 16 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the research conducted in the north of Montenegro during the years of 2005-2007, we studied the possibility of growing triticale as a relatively new plant species in this production area. We studied the influence of the variety, the climate conditions and the fertilisation on pheno-phases and grain yield. The experiment was set up in a randomised block system with four replications on alluvial soil with a plot size of 10m², this included two varieties of winter triticale (Favorit and Kg20) and three doses of nitrogen fertilisers. The tests have shown considerable variation in grain yield and its quality, depending on the cultivated genotype, the meteorological conditions during the test years and the fertilizer doses. In both test years, the Kg20 variety of winter triticale has achieved significantly higher grain yield (5.99 t.ha-1) than the other tested variety, Favorit (5.16 t.ha-1). In addition, the Kg20 variety had a higher value of 1000 grain mass and hectolitre mass, when compared with the Favorit variety. The climate conditions during the test years have exerted a great influence on the quantity and quality of the yield. With extremely high temperatures accompanied by a lack of rainfall in the second year, this led to a shortening in certain pheno-phases, which resulted in the decrease of the yield and grain quality. The greatest impact on the yield was nitrogen fertilisation, where the optimal dose was 100 kg.ha-1. Since triticale demonstrates great adaptability in these agro-ecological conditions, and has achieved a stable yield of satisfactory quality, the area of cultivation for this crop should be increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant indicator of the quality of harvesting by buckwheat combines is amount of an achieved losses and quality of harvested mass of buckwheat grain. The harvest of buckwheat we can perform multiphase, double phase, and single phase. Quality of combines work depends on a numerous of factors: the state of crops, defining the relevant parameters for combine's work, technical soundness, and operator's skills. When the relevant parameters are not well coordinated, impairs the quality of work is significantly, resulting in increased losses of buckwheat grain and a high proportion of impurities in harvested mass of buckwheat in the combines bunker. The aim of our two-year study was to determine the amount of realized losses of buckwheat seeds by harvest device of combines ZMAJ 132 and ZMAJ 143, depending on the interspace underdrum-drum at the entrance, as well as the quality of harvested mass of buckwheat. The results allow pointing to the shortcomings and advantages of the concept applied various harvest combines. Applied methodology is standard for this issue and relates to the field-testing laboratory and exploitation, during the single-phase harvesting of buckwheat grain. The highest losses on harvesting device were recorded at combine ZMAJ 132 - 9,56 kg ha-1 (1.01%) , and the lowest at combine ZMAJ 143- 4.28 kg ha -1 (0.45%). The highest content of whole buckwheat grains in harvested mass was at ZMAJ 143 and it was 96.32%, and lowest at combine ZMAJ 132 in amount of 92.55%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of combine harvester work in the rye harvest is reflected in terms of the amount of realized losses and quality of harvested grain weight. The quality of combine harvester work depends on several factors: the condition of the crop, defining the relevant parameters for combines, technical correctness and staff skills. Quality of work is significantly decrease when key parameters are not well coordinated, resulting in increased losses of rye grain and a high proportion of impurities in harvested mass in the harvester bunker. The aim was to determine the effects of combines ZMAJ 135B and ZMAJ 143 in the rye harvest in the observed area. Work method determines the loss on the header and harvesting device depending on the changes: peripheral winches speed; combine speed, underdrum-drum distance at the entrance and evaluating the quality of harvested weight (content of whole, broken, poorly grains and other particles). Header losses were determined using a wire frame of 1m², located after the passage of the side behind the combine header and harvesting device by setting the appropriate container, during harvester motion, between front and rear wheels at an angle of 10- 20° in regard to the movement direction. The quality of harvested mass was determined by taking samples from the harvester bunker and the determination of the percentage content of healthy (whole), broken grains and impurities was performed later in the laboratory. The applied methodology is standard for this issue and is related to field-testing laboratory and exploitation wheat combine in the single-phase rye grain harvesting. The obtained results allow to point out the advantages and disadvantages of the applied concepts of different wheat combine. Header largest losses were registered in the device combines ZMAJ 143 and were 25.77 kg ha-1 (1.18%) and lowest in combine ZMAJ 135B, amounting to 14.76 kg ha (0.65%-1). The highest content of whole rye grain was in combine ZMAJ 135B and amounted to 97.34 in 1500, and the lowest in combine ZMAJ 132 94.59%. Based on these results it was concluded that the ZMAJ 135B harvester worked better than the harvester ZMAJ 143, with lower losses of rye grain on the harvester unit header, and higher content of whole grain with a significantly lower share of impurities in relation to other investigated harvester. The general conclusion of our research is that harvester ZMAJ 135B can be successfully used in rye harvest in a given area and with proper optimization of labor exploitation and operator training can gain full expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]