51. Allergies - A T cells perspective in the era beyond the T H 1/T H 2 paradigm.
- Author
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Berker M, Frank LJ, Geßner AL, Grassl N, Holtermann AV, Höppner S, Kraef C, Leclaire MD, Maier P, Messerer DA, Möhrmann L, Nieke JP, Schoch D, Soll D, and Woopen CM
- Subjects
- Animals, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor immunology, Humans, Interleukin-9 immunology, Hypersensitivity immunology, T-Lymphocyte Subsets immunology
- Abstract
Allergic diseases have emerged as a major health care burden, especially in the western hemisphere. They are defined by overshooting reactions of an aberrant immune system to harmless exogenous stimuli. The T
H 1/TH 2 paradigm assumes that a dominance of TH 2 cell activation and an inadequate TH 1 cell response are responsible for the development of allergies. However, the characterization of additional T helper cell subpopulations such as TH 9, TH 17, TH 22, TH GM-CSF and their interplay with regulatory T cells suggest further layers of complexity. This review summarizes state-of-the-art knowledge on T cell diversity and their induction, while revisiting the TH 1/TH 2 paradigm. With respect to these numerous contributors, it offers a new perspective on the pathogenesis of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) and atopic dermatitis (AD) incorporating recent discoveries in the field of T cell plasticity., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
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