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56. Early and Semi-Early Surgery for Scoliosis Caused by Hemivertebrae - Indications and Results

Author

J. M. Chirpaz-Cerbat, M. Onimus, Michel Cr, Berard J, and F. Michel

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Scoliosis, Thoracic Vertebrae, Resection, Early surgery, Postoperative Complications, Deformity, medicine, Humans, Child, Congenital scoliosis, Lumbar Vertebrae, business.industry, Age Factors, Infant, Newborn, Infant, medicine.disease, Surgery, Radiography, Spinal Fusion, El Niño, Child, Preschool, Coronal plane, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Hemivertebrae, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

We report a series of 50 congenital scolioses due to hemivertebrae. This malformation was responsible for progressive deformity, largely predominant on the frontal plane. The average follow-up was 5 years and 3 months. Seven patients had mature bones. The series comprised 31 girls and 19 boys. Three types of operations were performed: (a) hemivertebrae resection (5 cases); (b) early, most posterior convexity fusion carried out before the age of 6 years (26 cases), and (c) semi-early convexity fusion performed between the ages of 6 and 12 years (19 cases). The results obtained in children with a more than 2 years' follow-up were: (a) early convexity fusion (18 cases): 7 epiphyseodesis effects, 6 graft effects and 4 failures; (b) semi-early convexity fusion (16 cases): 6 epiphyseodesis effects, 8 graft effects and 2 failures; (c) hemivertebrae resection (5 cases): moderate gain that remained stable in 4/5 cases.

Published
1993

57. Physical activity, forced by steep pastures, affects muscle characteristics and meat quality of suckling beef calves.

Author

GANGNAT, I. D. M., LEIBER, F., DUFEY, P.-A., SILACCI, P., KREUZER, M., and BERARD, J.

Abstract

On steep slopes, grazing is associated with elevated physical activity. This is assumed to influence muscle metabolism, carcass and meat quality in beef cattle. However, there is a lack of experiments which allow distinguishing between physical activity and other factors of influence. In the present experiment, a setup was applied which excluded other factors as best as possible. Two groups of 12 Angus-sired suckling calves were each kept on high altitude pastures with either steep (whole area with about 40% inclination; S-calves) or with flat areas (0% inclination; F-calves). The two areas offered forage of similar nutritional quality. The calves, initially 18 ± 2·5 weeks old, were kept with their dams on the pastures for 11 weeks in a rotational grazing system. The calves were equipped with pedometers and rumination sensors to record physical activity and feeding behaviour, respectively. Slaughter took place on two dates immediately after the grazing period and carcass quality was assessed. Muscle fibre types were classified according to their contractile metabolism and post mortem (p.m.) protein degradation was quantified. The meat, aged for 21 days, was subjected to various physicochemical analyses and sensory evaluation. S-calves walked more steps and spent more time lying down than F-calves, whereas feeding behaviour was not affected by pasture inclination. The daily gains of S-calves were 10% lower compared with those of F-calves. Carcass characteristics were not influenced by pasture inclination. S-calves had a larger proportion of fast-twitch type IIX/B muscle fibres than F-calves. The opposite was observed for intermediate type IIA muscle fibres, whereas the proportion of slow-twitch type I muscle fibres was unaffected. Occasional differences were observed between S- and F-calves regarding indicators of p.m. proteolysis. In S-calves, compared with F-calves, meat from the longissimus thoracis muscle was juicier and showed a tendency to be of lighter colour, whereas meat from the biceps femoris muscle had a smaller shear force (24·5 v. 27·5 N in F-calves). In conclusion, 11 weeks’ exposure to environments forcing calves to exhibit different physical activities in a hypoxic environment was sufficient to cause adaptations in muscle metabolism and several, though small, differences in meat quality. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2017
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75. Fetal Macrosomia

Author

Berard, J., primary, Dufour, P., additional, Vinatier, D., additional, Subtil, D., additional, Vanderstichele, S., additional, Monnier, J. C., additional, and Puech, F., additional

Published
1999
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84. Neutron field characterisation at mixed oxide fuel plant.

Author

Passmore, C., Million, M., Kirr, M., Bartz, J., Akselrod, M. S., Devita, A., and Berard, J.

Subjects
NEUTRONS, MIXED oxide fuels (Nuclear engineering), RADIATION dosimetry, NUCLEAR counters, INDUSTRIAL sites
Abstract

A neutron field characterisation was conducted at the AREVA Melox Plant to determine the response of passive and active neutron dosemeters for several stages in the mixed oxide fuel manufacturing process. Landauer Europe provides radiation dosimetry to many contractors working at the Melox site. The studies were conducted to assist in determining the neutron radiation fields the workers are exposed to routinely, evaluate the need for specific neutron correction factors and to ensure that the most accurate neutron dose is reported for the Melox Plant workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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