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El estudio tuvo como propósito analizar las posibilidades para optimizar la praxis educativa desde la modalidad virtual en el Instituto Superior de Formación Docente Salomé Ureña, Recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina en la República Dominicana, inserto en los estudios de campo en el nivel descriptivo. El interés principal se centró en que las clases en línea han sido un factor que ha afectado la parte emocional de los estudiantes y en algunos casos, una limitante para el desarrollo normal de las actividades educativas, específicamente en Educación Física en esta coyuntura de la pandemia por el Covid-19. Para ello se efectuó un diagnóstico sistemático de la situación actual y se realizaron las fases correspondientes a la buena práctica, innovando algunas estrategias de participación de los estudiantes. Dentro de los resultados, se pudo evidenciar que la mayoría de las opiniones se orientan hacia las limitaciones, producto de la pandemia para la práctica de las actividades físicas que requiere la asignatura Tiempo Libre y Estilo de Vida Saludable. Entre las conclusiones más resaltantes, se puede mencionar: Desarrollar estrategias pedagógicas, donde participe la mayor cantidad de estudiantes a fin de favorecer el programa de esta asignatura y minimizar los impactos emocionales del Covid-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic is worsening loneliness for many older people through the challenges it poses in engaging with their social worlds. Digital technology has been offered as a potential aid, however, many popular digital tools have not been designed to address the needs of older adults during times of limited contact. We propose that the Social Identity Model of Identity Change (SIMIC) could be a foundation for digital loneliness interventions. While SIMIC is a well-established approach for maintaining wellbeing during life transitions, it has not been rigorously applied to digital interventions. There are known challenges to integrating psychological theory in the design of digital technology to enable efficacy, technology acceptance, and continued use. The interdisciplinary field of Human Computer Interaction has a history of drawing on models originating from psychology to improve the design of digital technology and to design technologies in an appropriate manner. Drawing on key lessons from this literature, we consolidate research and design guidelines for multidisciplinary research applying psychological theory such as SIMIC to digital social interventions for loneliness.

La educación inclusiva se ha convertido en una necesidad para las sociedades actuales. De allí que los derechos humanos abogan por una educación de calidad y en equidad para las personas con discapacidades y necesidades educativas especiales. La Educación Física es un área fundamental para promover una educación inclusiva que permita mejorar la calidad de vida del alumnado. Para lograr los objetivos del currículo, es necesario el diseño de actividades adaptadas que exigen la planificación de estrategias que permita acceder a su formación considerando las limitaciones de cada individuo y así obtener una educación integral. En este estudio nos avocaremos a realizar una revisión de las principales estrategias pedagógicas usadas en la enseñanza de la Educación Física en alumnos con discapacidades y necesidades educativas especiales.

Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROMs) before viability carries significant perinatal mortality and morbidity. Clinical management and prenatal counselling are a challenge, especially in twin pregnancies, due to scarce evidence on how previable PPROM affects this population. The aim of this study was to describe pregnancy outcomes of twin pregnancies complicated with previable PPROM and evaluate potential prognostic factors that may predict perinatal mortality. A retrospective cohort including dichorionic and monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated with PPROM before 24 + 0 weeks of pregnancy was evaluated. Perinatal outcomes of pregnancies managed expectantly were described. Factors predicting perinatal mortality or reaching periviability (defined from 23 + 0 weeks onwards) were evaluated. Of the 45 patients included, 7 (15.6%) spontaneously delivered within the first 24 h after diagnosis. Two patients (5.3%) requested selective termination of the affected twin. In the 36 ongoing pregnancies that opted for expectant management, the overall survival rate was 35/72 (48.6%). There were 25/36 (69.4%) patients who delivered after 23 + 0 weeks of pregnancy. When periviability was achieved, neonatal survival increased up to 35/44 (79.5%). Gestational age at delivery was the only independent risk factor of perinatal mortality. The overall survival rate of twin pregnancies complicated with previable PPROM is poor but similar to singletons. No prognostic factors, apart from achieving periviability, were identified as individual predictors of perinatal mortality.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem associated with liver morbimortality, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of NAFLD (defined as a fatty liver index [FLI] ≥ 60) and its association with other cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors in patients with prediabetes and overweight/obesity. The present cross-sectional analysis uses baseline data from an ongoing randomized clinical trial. Sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, CVR (assessed by the REGICOR-Framingham risk equation), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and FLI-defined NAFLD (cut-off value of ≥60) were assessed. The prevalence of FLI-defined NAFLD was 78% overall. Men exhibited a worse cardiometabolic profile as compared to women, specifically, with higher values of systolic blood pressure (137.02 ± 13.48 vs. 131.22 ± 14.77 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (85.33 ± 9.27 vs. 82.3 ± 9.12 mmHg), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (27.23 ± 12.15 vs. 21.23 ± 10.05 IU/L), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (34.03 ± 23.31 vs. 21.73 ± 10.80 IU/L), and higher CVR (5.58 ± 3.16 vs. 3.60 ± 1.68). FLI-defined NAFLD was associated with elevated AST, ALT, and the presence of MetS (73.7%) and CVR for the whole sample. People with prediabetes present a high burden of comorbidities related to CVR, despite clinical follow-up, and it is recommended to actively begin working with them to reduce their risks.

Background: In higher education, there is a lack of knowledge about how individual factors influence personal preferences for teaching methodology and academic outcomes in biostatistics among nursing students. This study sought to evaluate the associations between personality traits and preferences for the flipped classroom or traditional lessons, satisfaction, and achievement in a biostatistics course in nursing education. Methods: The cross-sectional study included data collection at two time points. During the 2018–2019 academic course, the flipped classroom approach was implemented into a biostatistics course of the nursing degree at the University of the Balearic Islands (Spain). Students responded to an online questionnaire including sociodemographic data, personality traits, locus of control, satisfaction, teaching quality, student involvement, and effort. After the final examination, students’ achievements were collected. Results: A total of 137/161 (85.1%) students were included in the study. Most students preferred a flipped classroom to traditional lectures. Students who scored high in neuroticism preferred the traditional class (p < 0.001). Furthermore, personality was associated with satisfaction: high levels of responsibility and internal locus of control were significantly associated with higher satisfaction (p < 0.05). The percentage of students who did not pass the biostatistics exam was reduced by 50% with the flipped classroom methodology (33% vs. 15%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: A flipped classroom is adequate for the biostatistics course. Teachers should reconsider possible reservations about new teaching methods, which can be related to student personality.

Contact tracing played a crucial role in minimizing the onward dissemination of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the recent pandemic. Previous studies had also shown the effectiveness of preventive measures such as mask-wearing, physical distancing, and exposure duration in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the impact of various exposure settings on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 within the community, as well as the most effective preventive measures, considering the preventive measures adherence in different daily scenarios. We aimed to evaluate the effect of individual protective measures and exposure settings on the community transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the interaction between different exposure settings and preventive measures in relation to such SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Routine SARS-CoV-2 contact tracing information was supplemented with additional data on individual measures and exposure settings collected from index patients and their close contacts. We used a case-control study design, where close contacts with a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 were classified as cases, and those with negative results classified as controls. We used the data collected from the case-control study to construct a Bayesian network (BN). BNs enable predictions for new scenarios when hypothetical information is introduced, making them particularly valuable in epidemiological studies. Our results showed that ventilation and time of exposure were the main factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In long time exposure, ventilation was the most effective factor in reducing SARS-CoV-2, while masks and physical distance had on the other hand a minimal effect in this ventilation spaces. However, face masks and physical distance did reduce the risk in enclosed and unventilated spaces. Distance did not reduce the risk of infection when close contacts wore a mask. Home exposure presented a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and any preventive measures posed a similar risk across all exposure settings analyzed. Bayesian network analysis can assist decision-makers in refining public health campaigns, prioritizing resources for individuals at higher risk, and offering personalized guidance on specific protective measures tailored to different settings or environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advancement of technology enables new resources for education. The convergence of accessibility, usability, serious games (SG) and user-centered design (UCD) enables the development of inclusive resources to respond to the needs of people with disabilities. This work aims to analyze and synthesize the developments of digital educational games, focusing on the technical aspects that facilitate their implementation in the classroom. The criteria and recommendations of the PRISMA protocol (2020) were applied to carry out the search. Keywords were used to explore the databases of Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and 21 journals, covering the period between 2018 and 2023. In the initial investigation, 799 articles were identified, and after applying the purification process 24 publications were analyzed. The results indicate a growing and continuous interest in the topic. Current trends in the design and use of accessible video games for people with intellectual disabilities were identified, as well as their impact on learning and educational inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD, 2020 diagnostic criteria) and glomerular hyperfiltration share common risk factors, including obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Aims: To assess the prevalence of MAFLD and its association with glomerular hyperfiltration and age‐related worsening of kidney function in subjects with normoglycemia, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We analysed data recorded during occupational health visits of 125,070 Spanish civil servants aged 18–65 years with a de‐indexed glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated with the chronic‐kidney‐disease‐epidemiological (CKD‐EPI) equation (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) ≥60 mL/min. Subjects were categorised according to fasting plasma glucose levels <100 mg/dL (normoglycemia), ≥100 and ≤ 125 mg/dL (prediabetes), or ≥126 mg/dL and/or antidiabetic treatment (T2DM). The association between MAFLD and glomerular hyperfiltration, defined as a de‐indexed eGFR above the age‐ and gender‐specific 95th percentile, was assessed by multivariable logistic regression. Results: In the whole study group, MAFLD prevalence averaged 19.3%. The prevalence progressively increased from 14.7% to 33.2% and to 48.9% in subjects with normoglycemia, prediabetes and T2DM, respectively (p < 0.001 for trend). Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for the association between MAFLD and hyperfiltration was 9.06 (8.53–9.62) in the study group considered as a whole, and 8.60 (8.03–9.21), 9.52 (8.11–11.18) and 8.31 (6.70–10.30) in subjects with normoglycemia, prediabetes and T2DM considered separately. In stratified analyses, MAFLD amplified age‐dependent eGFR decline in all groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: MAFLD prevalence increases across the glycaemic spectrum. MAFLD is significantly associated with hyperfiltration and amplifies the age‐related eGFR decline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La presente investigación se orientó a indagar las emociones mostradas por los estudiantes ante la situación del Covid-19, Instituto Superior de Formación Docente Salomé Ureña, Recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina y su impacto en el estrés, ansiedad y depresión provocando la falta de interés en aprender, desfavoreciendo su proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. El Objetivo General consistió en crear estrategias que ayuden a controlar las emociones mostradas por los Estudiantes ante la situación de la pandemia. El itinerario metodológico utilizado fue el estudio de campo en su nivel descriptivo y como técnica de recolección de información el cuestionario tipo encuesta, que de acuerdo a su naturaleza da cuenta de la necesaria búsqueda de elementos y teorías, que tratan y exponen el tema, lo que sirvió de bases para el ulterior análisis, sobre la naturaleza de este asunto tan vital para la sociedad y la universidad. Dentro de los resultados se logró establecer y aplicar estrategias de juegos mentales para restablecer los niveles de concentración en los estudios de manera adecuada, a propósito de la pandemia. Dentro de las conclusiones: La realización de entrenamiento mental que se adecúe a la situación que se vive con el Covid-19, ha sido de utilidad, lo que ha permitido obtener un buen avance en el nivel académico de los estudiantes y el liberar el estrés que han tenido por la pandemia.

Abstract. One in three monochorionic twins may develop complications during pregnancy. Monochorionic twins, especially monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA), present specific problems caused by the presence of interfetal placental anastomoses. The first critical step in the management of MCDA twins is identification in the first trimester. Secondly, close follow-up every 2 weeks is mandatory to allow early diagnosis and timely treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome. Other potentially severe complications include selective fetal growth restriction, twin anemia polycythemia syndrome or single fetal death. Thirdly, a correct differential diagnosis is critical to establish the best therapy. This may represent a clinical challenge since MCDA twin complications often overlap. A simple diagnostic algorithm may be of great help to establish the right diagnosis and management option. In this review we summarize the main steps for the clinical follow-up, differential diagnosis, and targeted management of MCDA twins complications.

El involucramiento educativo en labores de investigación es trascendental para que el estudiantado se relacione con las tareas y objetivos trazados a corto y largo plazo. Se realizaron 4 proyectos de investigación (2016-2019), en los cuales se evaluaron extractos de las plantas Crescentia cujete, Lippia alba, Aloe vera, Bixa orellana, Psidium guajava y Jatropha gossypilfolia, a las que se les determinó la actividad antibacteriana y antifúngica, el efecto hipoglucemiante de extractor en ratones diabéticos, y toxicidad sobre Artemia sp. Dichas investigaciones sirvieron para optimizar el grado de motivación y el buen rendimiento del estudiantado durante el periodo de pasantías, lo cual incentivó necesidades de cooperación en la investigación. Lo anterior mejoró las relaciones entre estudiantes y el personal del laboratorio; para que las relaciones resultaran más gratificantes, se enfrentaron a las metas y objetivos personales. Se observaron otros beneficios que coadyuvaron al optimismo, sociabilidad y el compañerismo entre el estudiantado. Por otra parte, la experimentación en el área de fitoquímica favoreció el compromiso, ya que en ella se prestó atención, se cumplió con los trabajos de investigación y se logró emplazar las relaciones científico-educativas.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) en los procesos educativos y formativos de la educación secundaria. Para ello se diseñó y aplicó una investigación de campo de carácter descriptivo. El instrumento de recolección de información fue la encuesta. El universo estuvo constituido por cinco (5) instituciones de educación media, y la muestra por veinticinco estudiantes seleccionados de forma intencional. Las conclusiones más resaltantes: desconocimiento de las TIC por la mayoría del estudiantado; existe un número significativo de estudiantes que no participa en intercambios educativos utilizando las TIC; hay poca cultura en el uso de las TIC como herramienta de intercambio educativo, y se percibe disposición para estudiar las TIC como posibilidad educativa. Como recomendaciones: Sugerir el uso de las estrategias pedagógicas basadas en TIC en las diferentes áreas del saber y en las instituciones de formación en todos los niveles y modalidades, planificar y ejecutar cursos de capacitación sobre las TIC como herramientas para el mejoramiento de las actividades escolares. Se sugiere, como ideas para el debate, que las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación incrementan el impacto que ejercen en diversos contextos, específicamente, en el educativo; profesorado y alumnado tienen a su disposición un amplio rango de posibilidades en cuanto a su uso.

En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados del estudio sobre la formación docente universitaria, desde una perspectiva crítica de sus actores, cuyo objetivo fue comparar los programas de formación docente en el Recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina (RLNNM), de República Dominicana y a la Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador- Instituto Pedagógico de Maturín (UPEL-IPM), Venezuela. Su pertinencia e importancia se justifica, porque son los protagonistas quienes precisan las evidencias a partir de las cuales se basan los resultados. La metodología empleada fue la fenomenología, para ello se eligieron al azar 5 docentes de manera intencional, 3 del RLNNM, y 2 de la UPEL-IPM, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario indagatorio sobre el proceso de formación. Los principales resultados fueron: la mayoría opina que los programas, en ambas instituciones, es adecuado; existe una marcada vinculación, entre los programas de formación docente, y el entorno social. La calidad de los programas de formación, en las dos instituciones, están en una relación estrecha con los aprendizajes de los estudiantes; los discursos evidencian el predominio de una práctica pedagógica que enfatiza los resultados, en lugar de los procesos de formación y adquisición de conocimientos.

La Educación Física en el estado Sucre Venezuela tiene una historia que data del siglo XIX y que sigue un recorrido evolutivo hasta el presente. Ese acontecimiento oficial se cuenta desde documentos, sin precisar aportes y cambios que los propios docentes han hecho a la luz de las transformaciones estructurales y curriculares habidas. Por ello, la investigación se soportó en el método Historia de vida para, desde los relatos de vida de entrevistas a siete (7) informantes clave acerca de la obra de Miguel Bennasar Camargo, para volver a mirar la historia de la Educación Física en el estado Sucre. La metodología aplicada fue el enfoque cualitativo, método historia de vida, técnica entrevista a profundidad, instrumento grabación. Como hallazgos se encontró que la experiencia biográfica de Don Miguel fue más allá de lo escolar y alcanzó lo dirigencial, el arbitraje, lo exclusivamente deportivo en diversas disciplinas, además de lo artístico y lo cultural.

Abstract Background Cyberbullying among children and adolescents is a major public health concern. However, research has not yet definitively identified the risk factors associated with cybervictimization. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of cybervictimization with use of social networks, personality traits and parental education in secondary students. Methods The study population consisted of 765 secondary students (56.5% girls) from Majorca (Spain) who were aged 15.99 years (grade 4). The data were from the 16 secondary school centers that participated in the ITACA Project, a multi-center, cluster randomized controlled trial. Cybervictimization was measured by the Garaigordobil Cybervictimization Scale, and the Big Five Questionnaire for Children was used to assess personality traits. Results Results showed that 39.9% of the students were cybervictims. Univariate analysis indicated that more girls than boys were cybervictimized (43.1% vs 35.7%). Cybervictims spent more time in social networking sites than non-victims (6 h 30 min vs. 5 h 16 min) and had greater emotional instability (0.16 vs. -0.23) and extraversion (0.11 vs. -0.09) and were less conscientious (− 0.001 vs. 0.20). Multivariable analysis indicated that social networking time was not significantly associated with cybervictimization after controlling for personality traits, but the same personality traits remained significantly associated. Conclusions Our findings indicate that cyberbullying is a frequent and relevant problem in adolescents. Big Five personality traits are related with cybervictimization. Possible ways to design interventions include promoting social leisure activities, encourage responsible attitudes and provide stress coping tools.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in pregnancy and it is associated with adverse pregnancy-related outcomes such as gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, and low birth weight. Maternal systemic inflammation is proposed to be one of the main intermediate mechanisms. However, the effects of OSA on systemic inflammation are unknown in normal pregnancy.Methods: Women in the 3rd trimester underwent hospital polysomnography to evaluate whether OSA increases systemic inflammation in normal pregnancy and its potential association with adverse fetal outcomes. OSA was defined as an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) of ≥ 5 h−1. Plasma cytokines levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) were determined by multiple immunoassays.Results: We included 11 patients with OSA and 22 women with AHI < 5 h−1, who were homogeneous in age, and body mass index (BMI). Women with OSA had significant higher levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-10. We found significant correlations between AHI during REM and TNF-α (r = 0.40), IL-1β (r = 0.36), IL-6 (r = 0.52), IL-8 (r = 0.43), between obstructive apnea index and TNF-α (r = 0.46) and between AHI and IL-1β (r = 0.43). We also found that CT90% was related to IL-8 (r = 0.37). There were no significant differences in neonatal characteristics; however, we found inverse correlations between TNF-α and IL-8 with birth weight (both r = −0.48), while IL-8 showed a significant inverse relationship with neonatal gestational age (r = −0.48).Conclusions: OSA in our normal pregnancy population was associated with higher systemic inflammation, which was related to obstructive events, especially during REM sleep. Moreover, systemic inflammation was inversely correlated with neonatal birth weight and age.

To assess the efficacy of different modalities and frequencies of physical exercise on glycaemic control in adults with prediabetes. A two-phase, parallel, randomised, controlled clinical trial will be carried out, in 210 participants. In phase 1, 120 participants will be randomized into four arms: (1) aerobic exercise, (2) aerobic exercise combined with resistance, (3) high-intensity intervallic exercise and (4) control group. In phase 2, 90 new participants will be randomized into three arms, using the exercise modality that showed the best glycaemic control in phase 1 in the following manner: (1) frequency of 5 days/week, (2) frequency of 3 days/week and (3) frequency of 2 days/week. The control group (n = 30) will be included in phase 1 to evaluate the effect of any type of intervention versus no intervention. Data collection will be performed at baseline and after 15 weeks of follow up. Sociodemographic data, medication, comorbidity, blood biochemical parameters, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, body composition, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, quality of life and sleep questionnaires will be collected. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep will be further determined with an accelerometer, and continuous glycaemia will be determined with a glycaemic monitor, both during seven days, at two time points. The main dependent variable will be the reduction in the mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions. The impact of these interventions on health will also be evaluated through gene expression analysis in peripheral blood cells. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms behind the glucose response to physical exercise in a population with prediabetes as well as improve physical exercise prescriptions for diabetes prevention. Increasing glycaemic control in people with prediabetes through physical exercise offers an opportunity to prevent diabetes and reduce associated comorbidities and health costs.

Introducción: en este estudio que trata sobre las estrategias de enseñanza como herramienta motivacional, se discute el impacto de la gamificación y el interés en los contenidos de Educación Física en el currículo educativo y su impacto en el desarrollo motor de los sujetos de aprendizaje y el área afectiva. La pregunta de investigación es la siguiente: ¿cómo influye la gamificación en Educación Física en la motivación en el proceso académico de estudiantes de la República Dominicana? El propósito principal consistió en analizar la gamificación en la clase de Educación Física como estrategia didáctica de motivación académica en la República Dominicana. Metodología: como soporte, se basó en la metodología desk research, la cual consiste en el estudio y análisis de métodos y prácticas educativas que se emplean en cada uno de los niveles educativos, con preeminencia en el secundario. En este sentido, se realizó una revisión organizada y sistematizada de estudios que abordan el tema motivacional en las instituciones educativas y su impacto en la pedagogía contemporánea. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron Scopus, SciELO y Google Académico; en total, 20 referencias. Resultados y discusión: entre los resultados se tiene que la gamificación de la Educación Física en el nivel secundario de la educación dominicana es importante para motivar su estudio y aprendizaje de forma significativa, lo que mejora sustancialmente el rendimiento académico en su formación integral. Conclusiones: como conclusión, las teorías, los documentos y los autores la consideran un factor primordial en la motivación de los estudiantes y en el caso de la Educación Física.

La editorial de este monográfico se dedica a dilucidar algunos aspectos relevantes de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria y, de manera especial, a relatar la importancia de las TIC como recursos que pueden facilitar la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas que conviven con una enfermedad, especialmente en lo referente al acceso a la educación, ya sea desde el domicilio o durante una hospitalización. Se presentan brevemente los artículos del monográfico, estructurados en dos bloques. El primer bloque, de carácter más general, se compone de tres artículos de carácter teórico sobre diferentes aspectos de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria. En el segundo bloque se presentan cinco artículos dedicados a experiencias de diseño de recursos tecnológicos con diferentes propósitos como la sensibilización respecto a determinadas enfermedades, la atención educativa durante la pandemia, el diseño de repositorios de recursos dedicados, en un caso, a la gestión de la muerte en los centros educativos y, en otro, a facilitar el acceso a recursos de contenidos a una Asociación del campo de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria.

Activity recognition using wearable sensors has become essential for a variety of applications. Tri-axial accelerometers are the most widely used sensor for activity recognition. Although various features have been used to capture patterns and classify the accelerometer signals to recognise activities, there is no consensus on the best features to choose. Reducing the number of features can reduce the computational cost and complexity and enhance the performance of the classifiers. This paper identifies the signal features that have significant discriminative power between different human activities. It also investigates the effect of sensor placement location, the sampling frequency, and activity complexity on the selected features. A comprehensive list of 193 signal features has been extracted from accelerometer signals of four publicly available datasets, including features that have never been used before for activity recognition. Feature significance was measured using the Joint Mutual Information Maximisation (JMIM) method. Common significant features among all the datasets were identified. The results show that the sensor placement location does not significantly affect recognition performance, nor does it affect the significant sub-set of features. The results also showed that with high sampling frequency, features related to signal repeatability and regularity show high discriminative power.

La educación tiene por tarea preparar individuos para retos, necesidades y oportunidades de un mundo globalizado; ahora con tecnología permeando las actividades del ser humano, teorías de aprendizaje tradicionales sin reconocer elementos de la alfabetización digital (conductismo, cognitivismo y constructivismo). Demandan cambios de pensamiento y más aún con la presencia del COVID-19, pandemia que impulsó aislamientos físicos sociales; aumentando la necesidad de dominar escenarios digitales. Lo anterior resalta al pensamiento computacional, como estrategia efectiva aplicada con el modelo presentado por el MIT-Harvard, con marco teórico definido y aplicado desde el año 2012. El objetivo de la investigación es diagnosticar el nivel de formación de competencias del pensamiento computacional para resolver problemas; y establecer desde un estudio cuantitativo con diseño no experimental transeccional la correlacional entre: las dimensiones conceptual, práctica y perspectiva computacional, con el desarrollo de competencias en pensamiento computacional para resolver problemas, implementado en un colegio público de Colombia con 133 estudiantes de educación media. El instrumento de diagnóstico, validado y categorizado por 32 problemas, dimensiona las habilidades para generar competencias, con similitudes al sistema educativo colombiano que promueve los aprendizajes con: el saber, saber hacer y saber ser; lo anterior se consolida como insumos para la generación de un ecosistema virtual de aprendizaje.

BackgroundThe global health emergency generated by the COVID-19 pandemic is posing an unprecedented challenge to health care workers, who are facing heavy workloads under psychologically difficult situations. Mental mobile Health (mHealth) interventions are now being widely deployed due to their attractive implementation features, despite the lack of evidence about their efficacy in this specific population and context. ObjectiveThe aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychoeducational, mindfulness-based mHealth intervention to reduce mental health problems in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodsWe conducted a blinded, parallel-group, controlled trial in Spain. Health care workers providing face-to-face health care to patients with COVID-19 were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive the PsyCovidApp intervention (an app targeting emotional skills, healthy lifestyle behavior, burnout, and social support) or a control app (general recommendations about mental health care) for 2 weeks. The participants were blinded to their group allocation. Data were collected telephonically at baseline and after 2 weeks by trained health psychologists. The primary outcome was a composite of depression, anxiety, and stress (overall score on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 [DASS-21]). Secondary outcomes were insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index), burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey), posttraumatic stress (Davidson Trauma Scale), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale), and DASS-21 individual scale scores. Differences between groups were analyzed using general linear modeling according to an intention-to-treat protocol. Additionally, we measured the usability of the PsyCovidApp (System Usability Scale). The outcome data collectors and trial statisticians were unaware of the treatment allocation. ResultsBetween May 14 and July 25, 2020, 482 health care workers were recruited and randomly assigned to PsyCovidApp (n=248) or the control app (n=234). At 2 weeks, complete outcome data were available for 436/482 participants (90.5%). No significant differences were observed between the groups at 2 weeks in the primary outcome (standardized mean difference –0.04; 95% CI –0.11 to 0.04; P=.15) or in the other outcomes. In our prespecified subgroup analyses, we observed significant improvements among health care workers consuming psychotropic medications (n=79) in the primary outcome (–0.29; 95% CI –0.48 to –0.09; P=.004), and in posttraumatic stress, insomnia, anxiety, and stress. Similarly, among health care workers receiving psychotherapy (n=43), we observed improvements in the primary outcome (–0.25; 95% CI –0.49 to –0.02; P=.02), and in insomnia, anxiety, and stress. The mean usability score of PsyCovidApp was high (87.21/100, SD 12.65). After the trial, 208/221 participants in the intervention group (94.1%) asked to regain access to PsyCovidApp, indicating high acceptability. ConclusionsIn health care workers assisting patients with COVID-19 in Spain, PsyCovidApp, compared with a control app, reduced mental health problems at 2 weeks only among health care workers receiving psychotherapy or psychotropic medications. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04393818; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04393818.