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53. Malaria training for community health workers in the setting of elimination: a qualitative study from China.

Author

Guangyu Lu, Yaobao Liu, Jinsong Wang, Xiangming Li, Xing Liu, Beiersmann, Claudia, Yu Feng, Jun Cao, and Müller, Olaf

Subjects
MALARIA prevention, MEDICAL personnel training, MALARIA, HEALTH education, SUSTAINABILITY, PATIENTS
Abstract

Background: Continuous training of health workers is a key intervention to maintain their good performance and keep their vigilance during malaria elimination programmes. However, countries progressing toward malaria elimination have a largely decreased malaria disease burden, less frequent exposure of health workers to malaria patients, and new challenges in the epidemiology of the remaining malaria cases. Moreover, competing health priorities and usually a decline in resources and in political commitment also pose challenges to the elimination programme. As a consequence, the acceptability, sustainability, and impact of malaria training and education programmes face challenges. However, little is known of the perceptions and expectations of malaria training and education programmes of health workers being engaged in countries with malaria elimination programmes. Methods: This qualitative study provides information on perceptions and expectations of health workers of malaria training programmes from China, which aims to malaria elimination by the year 2020. This study was embedded into a larger study on the challenges and lessons learned during the malaria surveillance strategy in China, involving 42 interviews with malaria experts, health staff, laboratory practitioners, and village doctors at the provincial, city, county, township, and village levels from Gansu province (northwestern China) and Jiangsu province (southeastern China). Results: In the context of an increasing number of imported malaria cases in China, the majority of respondents emphasized the necessity and importance of such programmes and complained about a decreasing frequency of training courses. Moreover, they called for innovative strategies to improve the implementation and sustainability of the malaria training programmes until the elimination goal has been achieved. Perceptions and expectations of health workers from different health centres were quite different. Health workers from higher-level facilities were more concerned about technical training aspects, while health workers from periphery of the health system expected to receive more training on field work coordination and on specific public health actions with regard to case detection and focus investigation. Conclusions: There is need to guarantee an ongoing good training of health workers in China on malaria aspects until the year 2020 and probably beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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58. Safety of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for infants and their mothers: randomized controlled community trial in Burkina Faso.

Author

Guangyu Lu, Traoré, Corneille, Meissner, Peter, Kouyaté, Bocar, Kynast-Wolf, Gisela, Beiersmann, Claudia, Coulibaly, Boubacar, Becher, Heiko, and Müller, Olaf

Subjects
MOSQUITO nets, MALARIA prevention, INSECTICIDE application, PUBLIC health, SAFETY standards
Abstract

Background: Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are now the main tool for malaria prevention in endemic areas. Synthetic pyrethroids are the only group of insecticides recommended by the World Health Organization for the use on ITNs. There are only few studies which have specifically investigated potential adverse effects of frequent exposure to ITNs in the vulnerable group of young infants and their mothers. Methods: This study was nested into a large randomized controlled ITN effectiveness trial. Ninety newborns and their mothers were selected from the study population for participation. Together with their mothers they were protected with ITNs from birth (group A, n = 45) or from age 6 months (group B, n = 45) and followed up for 18 weeks (daily visits in the first 4 weeks, weekly visits thereafter). Potential side effects related to synthetic pyrethroids (deltamethrin) exposure were systematically investigated by trained field staff. The frequency and duration of respective symptoms was compared between the two study groups. Results: A total of 180 participants (90 mothers and 90 infants) were followed up over the study period without any loss to follow up. There were no significant differences in the frequency and duration of side effects between the two study groups, except that the frequency of headache was significantly higher in group A compared to group B mothers (p = 0.01). Conclusions: The study provides further evidence for ITNs being sufficiently safe in children and even in newborns. The association with headache in mothers could be explained by them handling the ITNs more intensely or it could be a chance finding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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65. Safety of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for infants and their mothers: randomized controlled community trial in Burkina Faso

Author

Lu, Guangyu, Traoré, Corneille, Meissner, Peter, Kouyaté, Bocar, Kynast-Wolf, Gisela, Beiersmann, Claudia, Coulibaly, Boubacar, Becher, Heiko, and Müller, Olaf

Subjects
Insecticides, Mosquito Control, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Research, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Mothers, Malaria, 610 Medical sciences Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Insecticide treated bed net (ITN), Burkina Faso, Pyrethrins, parasitic diseases, Humans, Parasitology, Safety, Insecticide-Treated Bednets, Side effects, Synthetic pyrethroids, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background: Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are now the main tool for malaria prevention in endemic areas. Synthetic pyrethroids are the only group of insecticides recommended by the World Health Organization for the use on ITNs. There are only few studies which have specifically investigated potential adverse effects of frequent exposure to ITNs in the vulnerable group of young infants and their mothers. Methods: This study was nested into a large randomized controlled ITN effectiveness trial. Ninety newborns and their mothers were selected from the study population for participation. Together with their mothers they were protected with ITNs from birth (group A, n = 45) or from age 6 months (group B, n = 45) and followed up for 18 weeks (daily visits in the first 4 weeks, weekly visits thereafter). Potential side effects related to synthetic pyrethroids (deltamethrin) exposure were systematically investigated by trained field staff. The frequency and duration of respective symptoms was compared between the two study groups. Results: A total of 180 participants (90 mothers and 90 infants) were followed up over the study period without any loss to follow up. There were no significant differences in the frequency and duration of side effects between the two study groups, except that the frequency of headache was significantly higher in group A compared to group B mothers (p = 0.01). Conclusions: The study provides further evidence for ITNs being sufficiently safe in children and even in newborns. The association with headache in mothers could be explained by them handling the ITNs more intensely or it could be a chance finding.

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66. A qualitative study of community perception and acceptance of biological larviciding for malaria mosquito control in rural Burkina Faso

Author

Dambach, Peter, Mendes Jorge, Margarida, Traoré, Issouf, Phalkey, Revati, Sawadogo, Hélène, Zabré, Pascal, Kagoné, Moubassira, Sié, Ali, Sauerborn, Rainer, Becker, Norbert, Beiersmann, Claudia, Dambach, Peter, Mendes Jorge, Margarida, Traoré, Issouf, Phalkey, Revati, Sawadogo, Hélène, Zabré, Pascal, Kagoné, Moubassira, Sié, Ali, Sauerborn, Rainer, Becker, Norbert, and Beiersmann, Claudia

Abstract

Background: Vector and malaria parasite’s rising resistance against pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets and antimalarial drugs highlight the need for additional control measures. Larviciding against malaria vectors is experiencing a renaissance with the availability of environmentally friendly and target species-specific larvicides. In this study,we analyse the perception and acceptability of spraying surface water collections with the biological larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis in a single health district in Burkina Faso. Methods: A total of 12focus group discussions and 12key informant interviews were performed in 10 rural villages provided with coverage of various larvicide treatments (all breeding sites treated, the most productive breeding sites treated, and untreated control). Results: Respondents’ knowledge about the major risk factors for malaria transmission was generally good. Most interviewees stated they performed personal protective measures against vector mosquitoes including the use of bed nets and sometimes mosquito coils and traditional repellents. The acceptance of larviciding in and around the villages was high and the majority of respondents reported a relief in mosquito nuisance and malarial episodes. There was high interest in the project and demand for future continuation. Conclusion: This study showed that larviciding interventions received positive resonance from the population. People showed a willingness to be involved and financially support the program. The positive environment with high acceptance for larviciding programs would facilitate routine implementation. An essential factor for the future success of such programs would be inclusion in regional or national malaria control guidelines.

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67. A qualitative study of community perception and acceptance of biological larviciding for malaria mosquito control in rural Burkina Faso

Author

Dambach, Peter, Mendes Jorge, Margarida, Traoré, Issouf, Phalkey, Revati, Sawadogo, Hélène, Zabré, Pascal, Kagoné, Moubassira, Sié, Ali, Sauerborn, Rainer, Becker, Norbert, Beiersmann, Claudia, Dambach, Peter, Mendes Jorge, Margarida, Traoré, Issouf, Phalkey, Revati, Sawadogo, Hélène, Zabré, Pascal, Kagoné, Moubassira, Sié, Ali, Sauerborn, Rainer, Becker, Norbert, and Beiersmann, Claudia

Abstract

Background: Vector and malaria parasite’s rising resistance against pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets and antimalarial drugs highlight the need for additional control measures. Larviciding against malaria vectors is experiencing a renaissance with the availability of environmentally friendly and target species-specific larvicides. In this study,we analyse the perception and acceptability of spraying surface water collections with the biological larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis in a single health district in Burkina Faso. Methods: A total of 12focus group discussions and 12key informant interviews were performed in 10 rural villages provided with coverage of various larvicide treatments (all breeding sites treated, the most productive breeding sites treated, and untreated control). Results: Respondents’ knowledge about the major risk factors for malaria transmission was generally good. Most interviewees stated they performed personal protective measures against vector mosquitoes including the use of bed nets and sometimes mosquito coils and traditional repellents. The acceptance of larviciding in and around the villages was high and the majority of respondents reported a relief in mosquito nuisance and malarial episodes. There was high interest in the project and demand for future continuation. Conclusion: This study showed that larviciding interventions received positive resonance from the population. People showed a willingness to be involved and financially support the program. The positive environment with high acceptance for larviciding programs would facilitate routine implementation. An essential factor for the future success of such programs would be inclusion in regional or national malaria control guidelines.

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68. A qualitative study of community perception and acceptance of biological larviciding for malaria mosquito control in rural Burkina Faso

Author

Dambach, Peter, Mendes Jorge, Margarida, Traoré, Issouf, Phalkey, Revati, Sawadogo, Hélène, Zabré, Pascal, Kagoné, Moubassira, Sié, Ali, Sauerborn, Rainer, Becker, Norbert, Beiersmann, Claudia, Dambach, Peter, Mendes Jorge, Margarida, Traoré, Issouf, Phalkey, Revati, Sawadogo, Hélène, Zabré, Pascal, Kagoné, Moubassira, Sié, Ali, Sauerborn, Rainer, Becker, Norbert, and Beiersmann, Claudia

Abstract

Background: Vector and malaria parasite’s rising resistance against pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets and antimalarial drugs highlight the need for additional control measures. Larviciding against malaria vectors is experiencing a renaissance with the availability of environmentally friendly and target species-specific larvicides. In this study,we analyse the perception and acceptability of spraying surface water collections with the biological larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis in a single health district in Burkina Faso. Methods: A total of 12focus group discussions and 12key informant interviews were performed in 10 rural villages provided with coverage of various larvicide treatments (all breeding sites treated, the most productive breeding sites treated, and untreated control). Results: Respondents’ knowledge about the major risk factors for malaria transmission was generally good. Most interviewees stated they performed personal protective measures against vector mosquitoes including the use of bed nets and sometimes mosquito coils and traditional repellents. The acceptance of larviciding in and around the villages was high and the majority of respondents reported a relief in mosquito nuisance and malarial episodes. There was high interest in the project and demand for future continuation. Conclusion: This study showed that larviciding interventions received positive resonance from the population. People showed a willingness to be involved and financially support the program. The positive environment with high acceptance for larviciding programs would facilitate routine implementation. An essential factor for the future success of such programs would be inclusion in regional or national malaria control guidelines.

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69. A qualitative study of community perception and acceptance of biological larviciding for malaria mosquito control in rural Burkina Faso

Author

Dambach, Peter, Mendes Jorge, Margarida, Traoré, Issouf, Phalkey, Revati, Sawadogo, Hélène, Zabré, Pascal, Kagoné, Moubassira, Sié, Ali, Sauerborn, Rainer, Becker, Norbert, Beiersmann, Claudia, Dambach, Peter, Mendes Jorge, Margarida, Traoré, Issouf, Phalkey, Revati, Sawadogo, Hélène, Zabré, Pascal, Kagoné, Moubassira, Sié, Ali, Sauerborn, Rainer, Becker, Norbert, and Beiersmann, Claudia

Abstract

Background: Vector and malaria parasite’s rising resistance against pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets and antimalarial drugs highlight the need for additional control measures. Larviciding against malaria vectors is experiencing a renaissance with the availability of environmentally friendly and target species-specific larvicides. In this study,we analyse the perception and acceptability of spraying surface water collections with the biological larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis in a single health district in Burkina Faso. Methods: A total of 12focus group discussions and 12key informant interviews were performed in 10 rural villages provided with coverage of various larvicide treatments (all breeding sites treated, the most productive breeding sites treated, and untreated control). Results: Respondents’ knowledge about the major risk factors for malaria transmission was generally good. Most interviewees stated they performed personal protective measures against vector mosquitoes including the use of bed nets and sometimes mosquito coils and traditional repellents. The acceptance of larviciding in and around the villages was high and the majority of respondents reported a relief in mosquito nuisance and malarial episodes. There was high interest in the project and demand for future continuation. Conclusion: This study showed that larviciding interventions received positive resonance from the population. People showed a willingness to be involved and financially support the program. The positive environment with high acceptance for larviciding programs would facilitate routine implementation. An essential factor for the future success of such programs would be inclusion in regional or national malaria control guidelines.

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