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51. High mitochondrial diversity of domesticated goats persisted among Bronze and Iron Age pastoralists in the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor

Author

Hermes, Taylor R., primary, Frachetti, Michael D., additional, Voyakin, Dmitriy, additional, Yerlomaeva, Antonina S., additional, Beisenov, Arman Z., additional, Doumani Dupuy, Paula N., additional, Papin, Dmitry V., additional, Motuzaite Matuzeviciute, Giedre, additional, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, additional, Houle, Jean-Luc, additional, Tishkin, Alexey A., additional, Nebel, Almut, additional, Krause-Kyora, Ben, additional, and Makarewicz, Cheryl A., additional

Published
2020
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52. The Genomic Formation of Human Populations in East Asia

Author

Wang, Chuan-Chao, primary, Yeh, Hui-Yuan, additional, Popov, Alexander N, additional, Zhang, Hu-Qin, additional, Matsumura, Hirofumi, additional, Sirak, Kendra, additional, Cheronet, Olivia, additional, Kovalev, Alexey, additional, Rohland, Nadin, additional, Kim, Alexander M., additional, Bernardos, Rebecca, additional, Tumen, Dashtseveg, additional, Zhao, Jing, additional, Liu, Yi-Chang, additional, Liu, Jiun-Yu, additional, Mah, Matthew, additional, Mallick, Swapan, additional, Wang, Ke, additional, Zhang, Zhao, additional, Adamski, Nicole, additional, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, additional, Callan, Kimberly, additional, Culleton, Brendan J., additional, Eccles, Laurie, additional, Lawson, Ann Marie, additional, Michel, Megan, additional, Oppenheimer, Jonas, additional, Stewardson, Kristin, additional, Wen, Shaoqing, additional, Yan, Shi, additional, Zalzala, Fatma, additional, Chuang, Richard, additional, Huang, Ching-Jung, additional, Shiung, Chung-Ching, additional, Nikitin, Yuri G., additional, Tabarev, Andrei V., additional, Tishkin, Alexey A., additional, Lin, Song, additional, Sun, Zhou-Yong, additional, Wu, Xiao-Ming, additional, Yang, Tie-Lin, additional, Hu, Xi, additional, Chen, Liang, additional, Du, Hua, additional, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, additional, Mijiddorj, Enkhbayar, additional, Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav, additional, Iderkhangai, Tumur-Ochir, additional, Myagmar, Erdene, additional, Kanzawa-Kiriyama, Hideaki, additional, Nishino, Msato, additional, Shinoda, Ken-ichi, additional, Shubina, Olga A., additional, Guo, Jianxin, additional, Deng, Qiongying, additional, Kang, Longli, additional, Li, Dawei, additional, Li, Dongna, additional, Lin, Rong, additional, Cai, Wangwei, additional, Shrestha, Rukesh, additional, Wang, Ling-Xiang, additional, Wei, Lanhai, additional, Xie, Guangmao, additional, Yao, Hongbing, additional, Zhang, Manfei, additional, He, Guanglin, additional, Yang, Xiaomin, additional, Hu, Rong, additional, Robbeets, Martine, additional, Schiffels, Stephan, additional, Kennett, Douglas J., additional, Jin, Li, additional, Li, Hui, additional, Krause, Johannes, additional, Pinhasi, Ron, additional, and Reich, David, additional

Published
2020
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53. Human auditory ossicles as an alternative optimal source of ancient DNA

Author

Sirak, Kendra, primary, Fernandes, Daniel, additional, Cheronet, Olivia, additional, Harney, Eadaoin, additional, Mah, Matthew, additional, Mallick, Swapan, additional, Rohland, Nadin, additional, Adamski, Nicole, additional, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, additional, Callan, Kimberly, additional, Candilio, Francesca, additional, Lawson, Ann Marie, additional, Mandl, Kirsten, additional, Oppenheimer, Jonas, additional, Stewardson, Kristin, additional, Zalzala, Fatma, additional, Anders, Alexandra, additional, Bartík, Juraj, additional, Coppa, Alfredo, additional, Dashtseveg, Tumen, additional, Évinger, Sándor, additional, Farkaš, Zdeněk, additional, Hajdu, Tamás, additional, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, additional, McIntyre, Lauren, additional, Moiseyev, Vyacheslav, additional, Okumura, Mercedes, additional, Pap, Ildikó, additional, Pietrusewsky, Michael, additional, Raczky, Pál, additional, Šefčáková, Alena, additional, Soficaru, Andrei, additional, Szeniczey, Tamás, additional, Szőke, Béla Miklós, additional, Van Gerven, Dennis, additional, Vasilyev, Sergey, additional, Bell, Lynne, additional, Reich, David, additional, and Pinhasi, Ron, additional

Published
2020
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54. Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series

Author

Fages, Antoine, Hanghøj, Kristian, Khan, Naveed, Gaunitz, Charleen, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Leonardi, Michela, McCrory Constantz, Christian, Gamba, Cristina, Al-Rasheid, Khaled A.S., Albizuri, Silvia, Alfarhan, Ahmed H., Allentoft, Morten, Alquraishi, Saleh, Anthony, David, Baimukhanov, Nurbol, Barrett, James H., Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Benecke, Norbert, Bernáldez-Sánchez, Eloísa, Berrocal-Rangel, Luis, Biglari, Fereidoun, Boessenkool, Sanne, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Brem, Gottfried, Brown, Dorcas, Burger, Joachim, Crubézy, Eric, Daugnora, Linas, Davoudi, Hossein, Damgaard, Peter de Barros, de los Ángeles de Chorro y de Villa-Ceballos, María, Deschler-Erb, Sabine, Detry, Cleia, Dill, Nadine, do Mar Oom, Maria, Dohr, Anna, Ellingvåg, Sturla, Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav, Fathi, Homa, Felkel, Sabine, Fernández-Rodríguez, Carlos, García-Viñas, Esteban, Germonpré, Mietje, Granado, José D., Hallsson, Jón H., Hemmer, Helmut, Hofreiter, Michael, Kasparov, Aleksei, Khasanov, Mutalib, Khazaeli, Roya, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kristiansen, Kristian, Kubatbek, Tabaldiev, Kuderna, Lukas, Kuznetsov, Pavel, Laleh, Haeedeh, Leonard, Jennifer A., Lhuillier, Johanna, Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck, Corina, Logvin, Andrey, Lõugas, Lembi, Ludwig, Arne, Luis, Cristina, Arruda, Ana Margarida, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, Matoso Silva, Raquel, Merz, Victor, Mijiddorj, Enkhbayar, Miller, Bryan K., Monchalov, Oleg, Mohaseb, Fatemeh A., Morales, Arturo, Nieto-Espinet, Ariadna, Nistelberger, Heidi, Onar, Vedat, Pálsdóttir, Albína H., Pitulko, Vladimir, Pitskhelauri, Konstantin, Pruvost, Mélanie, Rajic Sikanjic, Petra, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Roslyakova, Natalia, Sardari, Alireza, Sauer, Eberhard, Schafberg, Renate, Scheu, Amelie, Schibler, Jörg, Schlumbaum, Angela, Serrand, Nathalie, Serres-Armero, Aitor, Shapiro, Beth, Sheikhi Seno, Shiva, Shevnina, Irina, Shidrang, Sonia, Southon, John, Star, Bastiaan, Sykes, Naomi, Taheri, Kamal, Taylor, William, Teegen, Wolf Rüdiger, Trbojević Vukičević, Tajana, Trixl, Simon, Tumen, Dashzeveg, Undrakhbold, Sainbileg, Usmanova, Emma, Vahdati, Ali, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Viegas, Catarina, Wallner, Barbara, Weinstock, Jaco, Zaibert, Victor, Clavel, Benoit, Lepetz, Sébastien, Mashkour, Marjan, Helgason, Agnar, Stefánsson, Kári, Barrey, Eric, Willerslev, Eske, Outram, Alan K., Librado, Pablo, Orlando, Ludovic, Fages, Antoine, Hanghøj, Kristian, Khan, Naveed, Gaunitz, Charleen, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Leonardi, Michela, McCrory Constantz, Christian, Gamba, Cristina, Al-Rasheid, Khaled A.S., Albizuri, Silvia, Alfarhan, Ahmed H., Allentoft, Morten, Alquraishi, Saleh, Anthony, David, Baimukhanov, Nurbol, Barrett, James H., Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Benecke, Norbert, Bernáldez-Sánchez, Eloísa, Berrocal-Rangel, Luis, Biglari, Fereidoun, Boessenkool, Sanne, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Brem, Gottfried, Brown, Dorcas, Burger, Joachim, Crubézy, Eric, Daugnora, Linas, Davoudi, Hossein, Damgaard, Peter de Barros, de los Ángeles de Chorro y de Villa-Ceballos, María, Deschler-Erb, Sabine, Detry, Cleia, Dill, Nadine, do Mar Oom, Maria, Dohr, Anna, Ellingvåg, Sturla, Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav, Fathi, Homa, Felkel, Sabine, Fernández-Rodríguez, Carlos, García-Viñas, Esteban, Germonpré, Mietje, Granado, José D., Hallsson, Jón H., Hemmer, Helmut, Hofreiter, Michael, Kasparov, Aleksei, Khasanov, Mutalib, Khazaeli, Roya, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kristiansen, Kristian, Kubatbek, Tabaldiev, Kuderna, Lukas, Kuznetsov, Pavel, Laleh, Haeedeh, Leonard, Jennifer A., Lhuillier, Johanna, Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck, Corina, Logvin, Andrey, Lõugas, Lembi, Ludwig, Arne, Luis, Cristina, Arruda, Ana Margarida, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, Matoso Silva, Raquel, Merz, Victor, Mijiddorj, Enkhbayar, Miller, Bryan K., Monchalov, Oleg, Mohaseb, Fatemeh A., Morales, Arturo, Nieto-Espinet, Ariadna, Nistelberger, Heidi, Onar, Vedat, Pálsdóttir, Albína H., Pitulko, Vladimir, Pitskhelauri, Konstantin, Pruvost, Mélanie, Rajic Sikanjic, Petra, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Roslyakova, Natalia, Sardari, Alireza, Sauer, Eberhard, Schafberg, Renate, Scheu, Amelie, Schibler, Jörg, Schlumbaum, Angela, Serrand, Nathalie, Serres-Armero, Aitor, Shapiro, Beth, Sheikhi Seno, Shiva, Shevnina, Irina, Shidrang, Sonia, Southon, John, Star, Bastiaan, Sykes, Naomi, Taheri, Kamal, Taylor, William, Teegen, Wolf Rüdiger, Trbojević Vukičević, Tajana, Trixl, Simon, Tumen, Dashzeveg, Undrakhbold, Sainbileg, Usmanova, Emma, Vahdati, Ali, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Viegas, Catarina, Wallner, Barbara, Weinstock, Jaco, Zaibert, Victor, Clavel, Benoit, Lepetz, Sébastien, Mashkour, Marjan, Helgason, Agnar, Stefánsson, Kári, Barrey, Eric, Willerslev, Eske, Outram, Alan K., Librado, Pablo, and Orlando, Ludovic

Abstract

Horse domestication revolutionized warfare and accelerated travel, trade, and the geographic expansion of languages. Here, we present the largest DNA time series for a non-human organism to date, including genome-scale data from 149 ancient animals and 129 ancient genomes (≥1-fold coverage), 87 of which are new. This extensive dataset allows us to assess the modern legacy of past equestrian civilizations. We find that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, one at the far western (Iberia) and the other at the far eastern range (Siberia) of Eurasia. None of these contributed significantly to modern diversity. We show that the influence of Persian-related horse lineages increased following the Islamic conquests in Europe and Asia. Multiple alleles associated with elite-racing, including at the MSTN “speed gene,” only rose in popularity within the last millennium. Finally, the development of modern breeding impacted genetic diversity more dramatically than the previous millennia of human management. Genome-wide data from 278 ancient equids provide insights into how ancient equestrian civilizations managed, exchanged, and bred horses and indicate vast loss of genetic diversity as well as the existence of two extinct lineages of horses that failed to contribute to modern domestic animals.

Published
2019

55. Investigating reindeer pastoralism and exploitation of high mountain zones in northern Mongolia through ice patch archaeology

Author

Taylor, William, primary, Clark, Julia K., additional, Reichhardt, Björn, additional, Hodgins, Gregory W. L., additional, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, additional, Batchuluun, Oyundelger, additional, Whitworth, Jocelyn, additional, Nansalmaa, Myagmar, additional, Lee, Craig M., additional, and Dixon, E. James, additional

Published
2019
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57. Human Auditory Ossicles as an Alternative Optimal Source of Ancient DNA

Author

Sirak, Kendra, primary, Fernandes, Daniel, additional, Cheronet, Olivia, additional, Harney, Eadaoin, additional, Mah, Matthew, additional, Mallick, Swapan, additional, Rohland, Nadin, additional, Adamski, Nicole, additional, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, additional, Callan, Kimberly, additional, Candilio, Francesca, additional, Lawson, Ann Marie, additional, Mandl, Kirsten, additional, Oppenheimer, Jonas, additional, Stewardson, Kristin, additional, Zalzala, Fatma, additional, Anders, Alexandra, additional, Bartík, Juraj, additional, Coppa, Alfredo, additional, Tumen, Dashtseveg, additional, Évinger, Sándor, additional, Farkaš, Zdeněk, additional, Hajdu, Tamás, additional, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, additional, McIntyre, Lauren, additional, Moiseyev, Vyacheslav, additional, Pap, Ildikó, additional, Pietrusewsky, Michael, additional, Raczky, Pál, additional, Šefčáková, Alena, additional, Soficaru, Andrei, additional, Szeniczey, Tamás, additional, Szőke, Béla Miklós, additional, Tuvshinjargal, Tumurbaatar, additional, Van Gerven, Dennis, additional, Vasilyev, Sergey, additional, Bell, Lynne, additional, Reich, David, additional, and Pinhasi, Ron, additional

Published
2019
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58. Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series

Author

Fages, Antoine, primary, Hanghøj, Kristian, additional, Khan, Naveed, additional, Gaunitz, Charleen, additional, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, additional, Leonardi, Michela, additional, McCrory Constantz, Christian, additional, Gamba, Cristina, additional, Al-Rasheid, Khaled A.S., additional, Albizuri, Silvia, additional, Alfarhan, Ahmed H., additional, Allentoft, Morten, additional, Alquraishi, Saleh, additional, Anthony, David, additional, Baimukhanov, Nurbol, additional, Barrett, James H., additional, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, additional, Benecke, Norbert, additional, Bernáldez-Sánchez, Eloísa, additional, Berrocal-Rangel, Luis, additional, Biglari, Fereidoun, additional, Boessenkool, Sanne, additional, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, additional, Brem, Gottfried, additional, Brown, Dorcas, additional, Burger, Joachim, additional, Crubézy, Eric, additional, Daugnora, Linas, additional, Davoudi, Hossein, additional, de Barros Damgaard, Peter, additional, de los Ángeles de Chorro y de Villa-Ceballos, María, additional, Deschler-Erb, Sabine, additional, Detry, Cleia, additional, Dill, Nadine, additional, do Mar Oom, Maria, additional, Dohr, Anna, additional, Ellingvåg, Sturla, additional, Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav, additional, Fathi, Homa, additional, Felkel, Sabine, additional, Fernández-Rodríguez, Carlos, additional, García-Viñas, Esteban, additional, Germonpré, Mietje, additional, Granado, José D., additional, Hallsson, Jón H., additional, Hemmer, Helmut, additional, Hofreiter, Michael, additional, Kasparov, Aleksei, additional, Khasanov, Mutalib, additional, Khazaeli, Roya, additional, Kosintsev, Pavel, additional, Kristiansen, Kristian, additional, Kubatbek, Tabaldiev, additional, Kuderna, Lukas, additional, Kuznetsov, Pavel, additional, Laleh, Haeedeh, additional, Leonard, Jennifer A., additional, Lhuillier, Johanna, additional, Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck, Corina, additional, Logvin, Andrey, additional, Lõugas, Lembi, additional, Ludwig, Arne, additional, Luis, Cristina, additional, Arruda, Ana Margarida, additional, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, additional, Matoso Silva, Raquel, additional, Merz, Victor, additional, Mijiddorj, Enkhbayar, additional, Miller, Bryan K., additional, Monchalov, Oleg, additional, Mohaseb, Fatemeh A., additional, Morales, Arturo, additional, Nieto-Espinet, Ariadna, additional, Nistelberger, Heidi, additional, Onar, Vedat, additional, Pálsdóttir, Albína H., additional, Pitulko, Vladimir, additional, Pitskhelauri, Konstantin, additional, Pruvost, Mélanie, additional, Rajic Sikanjic, Petra, additional, Rapan Papeša, Anita, additional, Roslyakova, Natalia, additional, Sardari, Alireza, additional, Sauer, Eberhard, additional, Schafberg, Renate, additional, Scheu, Amelie, additional, Schibler, Jörg, additional, Schlumbaum, Angela, additional, Serrand, Nathalie, additional, Serres-Armero, Aitor, additional, Shapiro, Beth, additional, Sheikhi Seno, Shiva, additional, Shevnina, Irina, additional, Shidrang, Sonia, additional, Southon, John, additional, Star, Bastiaan, additional, Sykes, Naomi, additional, Taheri, Kamal, additional, Taylor, William, additional, Teegen, Wolf-Rüdiger, additional, Trbojević Vukičević, Tajana, additional, Trixl, Simon, additional, Tumen, Dashzeveg, additional, Undrakhbold, Sainbileg, additional, Usmanova, Emma, additional, Vahdati, Ali, additional, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, additional, Viegas, Catarina, additional, Wallner, Barbara, additional, Weinstock, Jaco, additional, Zaibert, Victor, additional, Clavel, Benoit, additional, Lepetz, Sébastien, additional, Mashkour, Marjan, additional, Helgason, Agnar, additional, Stefánsson, Kári, additional, Barrey, Eric, additional, Willerslev, Eske, additional, Outram, Alan K., additional, Librado, Pablo, additional, and Orlando, Ludovic, additional

Published
2019
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61. The Textiles of Üzüür Gyalan: Towards the identification of a nomadic weaving tradition in the Mongolian Altai.

Author

Pearson, Kristen Rye, Mönkhbayar, Chuluunbat, Enkhbat, Galbadrakh, and Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav

Subjects
TEXTILE fibers, ANCIENT textiles, PASTORAL societies, MEDIEVAL textiles, ARCHAEOLOGY
Abstract

This paper presents the analysis of textiles from the tenth century Mongolian rock burial of Üzüür Gyalan. It is the only undisturbed rock burial discovered to date and presents a unique opportunity to examine a complete set of grave goods, both organic and inorganic, included in a Medieval horse-accompanied burial. The high degree of preservation and the prevalence of woven wool textiles set it apart from other rock burials where silk, sheepskin, and felt garments have been found. Certain features of the assemblage, including the abundance of the woven wools, their technical consistency, and evidence for household rather than specialised production, suggest the work of local weavers. Drawing comparisons with a living nomadic weaving tradition in Ladakh, Tibet, this paper relates aspects of the assemblage to production in a mobile pastoralist context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

65. High mitochondrial diversity of domesticated goats persisted among Bronze and Iron Age pastoralists in the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor

Author

Hermes, Taylor R., Frachetti, Michael D., Voyakin, Dmitriy, Yerlomaeva, Antonina S., Beisenov, Arman Z., Doumani Dupuy, Paula N., Papin, Dmitry V., Motuzaite Matuzeviciute, Giedre, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Houle, Jean-Luc, Tishkin, Alexey A., Nebel, Almut, Krause-Kyora, Ben, and Makarewicz, Cheryl A.

Subjects
Heredity, Biochemistry, Geographical Locations, Domestication, History, Ancient, Phylogeny, Mammals, goats, mitochondrial diversity, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Goats, Eukaryota, Agriculture, Ruminants, Cytochromes b, Mitochondrial DNA, Nucleic acids, Genetic Mapping, Phylogeography, Animals, Domestic, Vertebrates, Medicine, Research Article, Asia, Livestock, Forms of DNA, Animal Types, Science, Animals, Wild, DNA, Mitochondrial, Middle East, Genetics, Animals, Domestic Animals, Ecosystem, Evolutionary Biology, Population Biology, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Paleontology, Genetic Variation, DNA, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Amniotes, People and Places, Earth Sciences, Haplogroups, Paleogenetics, Zoology, Population Genetics
Abstract

Goats were initially managed in the Near East approximately 10,000 years ago and spread across Eurasia as economically productive and environmentally resilient herd animals. While the geographic origins of domesticated goats (Capra hircus) in the Near East have been long-established in the zooarchaeological record and, more recently, further revealed in ancient genomes, the precise pathways by which goats spread across Asia during the early Bronze Age (ca. 3000 to 2500 cal BC) and later remain unclear. We analyzed sequences of hypervariable region 1 and cytochrome b gene in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of goats from archaeological sites along two proposed transmission pathways as well as geographically intermediary sites. Unexpectedly high genetic diversity was present in the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor (IAMC), indicated by mtDNA haplotypes representing common A lineages and rarer C and D lineages. High mtDNA diversity was also present in central Kazakhstan, while only mtDNA haplotypes of lineage A were observed from sites in the Northern Eurasian Steppe (NES). These findings suggest that herding communities living in montane ecosystems were drawing from genetically diverse goat populations, likely sourced from communities in the Iranian Plateau, that were sustained by repeated interaction and exchange. Notably, the mitochondrial genetic diversity associated with goats of the IAMC also extended into the semi-arid region of central Kazakhstan, while NES communities had goats reflecting an isolated founder population, possibly sourced via eastern Europe or the Caucasus region.

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