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529 results on '"Bandi, C."'

51. Mapping the presence of Wolbachia pipientis on the phylogeny of filarial nematodes: evidence for symbiont loss during evolution

Author

Casiraghi, M, Bain, O, Guerrero, R, Martin, C, Pocacqua, V, Gardner, S, Franceschi, A, Bandi, C, CASIRAGHI, MAURIZIO, Gardner, SL, Bandi, C., Casiraghi, M, Bain, O, Guerrero, R, Martin, C, Pocacqua, V, Gardner, S, Franceschi, A, Bandi, C, CASIRAGHI, MAURIZIO, Gardner, SL, and Bandi, C.

Abstract

Wolbachia pipientis is a bacterial endosymbiont associated with arthropods and filarial nematodes. In filarial nematodes, W. pipientis has been shown to play an important role in the biology of the host and in the immuno-pathology of filariasis. Several species of filariae, including the most important parasites of humans and animals (e.g. Onchocerca volvulus, Wuchereria bancrofti and Dirofilaria immitis) have been shown to harbour these bacteria. Other filarial species, including an important rodent species (Acanthocheilonema viteae), which has been used as a model for the study of filariasis, do not appear to harbour these symbionts. There are still several open questions about the distribution of W. pipientis in filarial nematodes. Firstly the number of species examined is still limited. Secondly, it is not clear whether the absence of W. pipientis in negative species could represent an ancestral characteristic or the result of a secondary loss. Thirdly, several aspects of the phylogeny of filarial nematodes are still unclear and it is thus difficult to overlay the presence/absence of W. pipientis on a tree representing filarial evolution. Here we present the results of a PCR screening for W. pipientis in 16 species of filariae and related nematodes, representing different families/subfamilies. Evidence for the presence of W. pipientis is reported for five species examined for the first time (representing the genera Litomosoides, Litomosa and Dipetalonema); original results on the absence of this bacterium are reported for nine species; for the remaining two species, we have confirmed the absence of W. pipientis recently reported by other authors. In the positive species, the infecting W. pipientis bacteria have been identified through 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. In addition to the screening for W. pipientis in 16 species, we have generated phylogenetic reconstructions based on mitochondrial gene sequences (12S rDNA; COI), including a total of 28 filarial sp

Published
2004

52. Clinical, cytological and molecular evidence of Mesocestoides sp. infection in a dog from Italy

Author

Bonfanti, U, Bertazzolo, W, Magliaro, L, Demarco, B, Venco, L, Casiraghi, M, Bandi, C, Bandi, C., CASIRAGHI, MAURIZIO, Bonfanti, U, Bertazzolo, W, Magliaro, L, Demarco, B, Venco, L, Casiraghi, M, Bandi, C, Bandi, C., and CASIRAGHI, MAURIZIO

Abstract

A 12-year-old, 13 kg, mixed-breed male dog was referred for anorexia and depression. The dog showed discomfort on abdominal palpation. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed multiple, small, round anechoic cystic structures. Cystic fluid obtained with fine needle aspiration contained several 2-4 mm white motile flecks. Microscopic examination of the fluid revealed numerous irregularly shaped organisms measuring several hundred microns to 3 mm, the morphology of which was suggestive of intact and fragmented acephalic metacestodes of the genus Mesocestoides sp. Molecular analysis confirmed that the peritoneal infection was caused by Mesocestoides sp.

Published
2004

53. Phylogeny of Wolbachia based on gltA, groEL and ftsZ gene sequences: clustering of arthropod and nematode symbionts in the F supergroup and evidence for two further supergroups

Author

CASIRAGHI, MAURIZIO, Bordenstein, S, Baldo, L, Lo, N, Wernegreen, X, Werren, JH, Bandi, C., Casiraghi, M, Bordenstein, S, Baldo, L, Lo, N, Wernegreen, X, Werren, J, and Bandi, C

Subjects
evolution, phylogeny, Wolbachia, BIO/05 - ZOOLOGIA
Abstract

Current phylogenies of the intracellular bacteria belonging to the genus Wolbachia identify six major clades (A-F), termed 'supergroups', but the branching order of these supergroups remains unresolved. Supergroups A, B and E include most of the wolbachiae found thus far in arthropods, while supergroups C and D include most of those found in filarial nematodes. Members of supergroup F have been found in arthropods (i.e. termites), and have previously been detected in the nematode Mansonella ozzardi, a causative agent of human filariasis. To resolve the phylogenetic positions of Wolbachia from Mansonella spp., and other novel strains from the flea Ctenocephalides felis and the filarial nematode Dipetalonema gracile, the authors generated new DNA sequences of the Wolbachia genes encoding citrate synthase (gltA), heat-shock protein 60 (groEL), and the cell division protein ftsZ. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the designation of Wolbachia from Mansonella spp. as a member of the F supergroup. In addition, it was found that divergent lineages from Dip. gracile and Cte. felis lack any clear affiliation with known supergroups, indicating further genetic diversity within the Wolbachia genus. Finally, although the data generated did not permit clear resolution of the root of the global Wolbachia tree, the results suggest that the transfer of Wolbachia spp. from arthropods to nematodes (or vice versa) probably occurred more than once.

Published
2005

55. Microbial symbionts : a resource for the management of insect-related problems

Author

Crotti, E, Balloi, A, Hamdi, C, Sansonno, L, Marzorati, M, Gonella, E, Favia, Guido, Cherif, A, Bandi, C, Alma, A, Daffonchio, D., Boon, Nico, and Verstraete, Willy

Subjects
CERATITIS-CAPITATA, DIROFILARIA-IMMITIS, Insecta, MACROFILARICIDAL ACTIVITY, 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA, PARATRANSGENIC CONTROL, fungi, LIFE-SHORTENING WOLBACHIA, Biology and Life Sciences, LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER, DOXYCYCLINE TREATMENT, Animals, Pest Control, Biological, Symbiosis, Review Articles, BACTERIAL SYMBIONTS
Abstract

Summary Microorganisms establish with their animal hosts close interactions. They are involved in many aspects of the host life, physiology and evolution, including nutrition, reproduction, immune homeostasis, defence and speciation. Thus, the manipulation and the exploitation the microbiota could result in important practical applications for the development of strategies for the management of insect‐related problems. This approach, defined as ‘Microbial Resource Management’ (MRM), has been applied successfully in various environments and ecosystems, as wastewater treatments, prebiotics in humans, anaerobic digestion and so on. MRM foresees the proper management of the microbial resource present in a given ecosystem in order to solve practical problems through the use of microorganisms. In this review we present an interesting field for application for MRM concept, i.e. the microbial communities associated with arthropods and nematodes. Several examples related to this field of applications are presented. Insect microbiota can be manipulated: (i) to control insect pests for agriculture; (ii) to control pathogens transmitted by insects to humans, animals and plants; (iii) to protect beneficial insects from diseases and stresses. Besides, we prospect further studies aimed to verify, improve and apply MRM by using the insect–symbiont ecosystem as a model.

Published
2012

65. Microbial symbioses

Author

Gonella, E., Crotti, E., Mandrioli, Mauro, Sacchi, L., Bandi, C., Daffonchio, D., and Alma, A.

Published
2011

66. Gut microbiome dysbiosis and honeybee health

Author

Hamdi, C., Balloi, A., Essanaa, J., Crotti, E., Gonella, Elena, Raddadi, N., Ricci, I., Boudabous, A., Borin, S., Manino, Aulo, Bandi, C., Alma, Alberto, Daffonchio, D., Cherif, A., C. Hamdi, A. Balloi, J. Essanaa, E. Crotti, E. Gonella, N. Raddadi, I. Ricci, A. Boudabou, S. Borin, A. Manino, C. Bandi, A. Alma, D. Daffonchio, and A. Cherif

Subjects
biological control, gut homeostasis, microbial climax community, symbiosis, Microbial climax community, Biological control, Gut homeostasis, Symbiosis
Abstract

Since a few decades, apiculture is facing important economic losses worldwide with general major consequences in many areas of agriculture. A strong attention has been paid towards the phenomenon named Colony Collapse Disorder in which colonies suddenly disappear with no clear explanations. Honeybee colonies can be affected by abiotic factors, such as environmental pollution or insecticide applications for agricultural purposes. Also biotic stresses cause colony losses, including bacterial (e. g. Paenibacillus larvae) and fungal (e. g. Ascosphaera apis) pathogens, microsporidia (e. g. Nosema apis), parasites (i.e. Varroa destructor) and several viruses. In the light of recent research, intestinal dysbiosis, considered as the relative disproportion of the species within the native microbiota, has shown to affect human and animal health. In arthropods, alteration of the gut microbial climax community has been shown to be linked to health and fitness disequilibrium, like in the medfly Ceratitis capitata for which low mate competitiveness is determined by a gut microbial community imbalance. According to these observations, it is possible to hypothesize that dysbiosis may have a role in disease occurrence also in honeybees. Here we aim to discuss the current knowledge on dysbiosis in the honeybee and its relation with honeybee health by reviewing the investigations of the microbial diversity associated to honeybees and the recent experiments performed to control bee diseases by microbial symbionts. We conclude that, despite the importance of a good functionality of the associated microbiota in preserving insect health has been proved, the mechanisms involved in honeybee gut dysbiosis are still unknown. Accurate in vitro, in vivo and in field investigations are required under healthy, diseased and stressed conditions for the host

Published
2011

70. Bacterial Symbionts in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

Author

Rossi, Paolo, Damiani, Claudia, Ricci, Irene, Cappelli, Alessia, Ulissi, Ulisse, Capone, Aida, Scuppa, Patrizia, Mosca, M, Valzano, Matteo, Esposito, F, Sacchi, L, Bandi, C, Daffonchio, D, and Favia, Guido

Published
2010

74. Widespread distribution and high prevalence of an alpha-proteobacterial symbiont in the tick Ixodes ricinus

Author

Lo., N., Beninati, T., Sassera, D., Bouman, E. A. P., Santagati, G., Gern, Lise, Sambri, V., Masuzawa, T., Gray, J. S., Jaenson, T. G. T., Bouattour, A., Kenny, M. J., Guner, E. S., Kharitonenkov, I. G., Bitam, I., and Bandi, C.

Subjects
parasitic diseases
Abstract

The tick Ixodes ricinus is responsible for the transmission of a number of bacterial, protozoan and viral diseases to humans and animals in Europe and Northern Africa. Female I. ricinus from England, Switzerland and Italy have been found to harbour an intracellular α-proteobacterium, designated IricES1, within the cells of the ovary. IricES1 is the only prokaryote known to exist within the mitochondria of any animal or multicellular organism. To further examine the distribution, prevalence and mode of transmission of IricES1, we performed polymerase chain reaction screening of I. ricinus adults from 12 countries across its geographic distribution, including tick colonies that have been maintained in the laboratory for varying periods of time. IricES1 was detected in 100% of field-collected female ticks from all countries examined (n = 128), while 44% of males were found to be infected (n = 108). Those males that are infected appear to harbour fewer bacteria than females. Sequencing of fragments of the 16S rRNA and gyrB genes revealed very low nucleotide diversity among various populations of IricES1. Transmission of IricES1 from engorged adult females to eggs was found to be 100% (n = 31). In tick colonies that had been maintained in the laboratory for several years, a relatively low prevalence was found in females (32%; n = 25). To our knowledge, IricES1 is the most widespread and highly prevalent of any tick-associated symbiont.

Published
2009

88. Antagonism and symbiotic control

Author

Daffonchio, D., Pajoro, M., Gonella, E., Crotti, E., Rizzi, A., Clementi, E., Negri, I., Damiani, Claudia, Raddadi, N., Ricci, Irene, Marzorati, M., Cherif, A., Genchi, M., Ferri, E., Favia, Guido, Sacchi, L., Bandi, C., and Alma, A.

Published
2007

91. Microbial diversity associated with mosquitoes vectors

Author

Favia, Guido, Ricci, Irene, Damiani, C, Raddadi, N, Crotti, E, Scuppa, Patrizia, Pasqualini, Luciano, Clementi, E, Genchi, M, Corona, S, Esposito, F, Sacchi, L, Bandi, C, and Daffonchio, D.

Published
2006

95. Localizzazione di un simbionte ‘Candidatus Cardinium sp.’ in organi e tessuti di Scaphoideus titanus Ball, l’insetto vettore della Flavescenza dorata in Vitis vinifera Linnaeus

Author

Pajoro, M., Marzorati, M., Alma, A., Sacchi, L., Palermo, S., Brusetti, L., Raddadi, N., Quaglino, F., Bianco, P.A., Bandi, C., and Daffonchio, D.

Subjects
Settore VET/06 - Parassitologia e Malattie Parassitarie degli Animali, Settore AGR/12 - Patologia Vegetale, Settore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria
Published
2005

100. Insights into Wolbachia obligatory symbiosis

Author

Dedeine, F., Bandi, C., Boulétreau, M., Kramer, L.H., Génétique et évolution des interactions hôtes-parasites, Département génétique, interactions et évolution des génomes [LBBE] (GINSENG), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT]
Published
2003

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