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54. The major human urinary trypsin inhibitor is a proteoglycan.

Author

Balduyck, Malika, Mizon, Charlotte, Loutfi, Hamid, Richet, Colette, Roussel, Philippe, and Mizon, Jacques

Subjects
*TRYPSIN inhibitors, *PROTEOGLYCANS, *GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS, *ENZYMES, *MANNOSE, *GALACTOSE
Abstract

The major urinary trypsin inhibitor (Mr 44000), isolated from human urine, contains 35% carbohydrate. In addition to N-acetylglucosamine and neutral sugars (primarily mannose and galactose), the carbohydrate moiety contains hexuronic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine and corresponds to a glycosaminoglycan. This carbohydrate chain is an integral component of the inhibitor: it does not dissociate from the inhibitor when using dissociative conditions such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, guanidinium chloride, or by increasing ionic strength or mixing with cetylpyridinium chloride. This glycosaminoglycan chain is sensitive to chondroitinase ABC or testicular hyaluronidase digestion and corresponds to slightly sulfated chondroitin 4-sulfate or 6-sulfate. After treatment by these enzymes, the urinary inhibitor has a lower molecular mass (Mr 26000) but still inhibits trypsin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1986
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56. Chondroitin sulphate covalently cross-links the three polypeptide chains of inter-α-trypsin inhibitor.

Author

Morelle, Willy, Capon, Calliope, Balduyck, Malika, Sautiere, Pierre, Kouach, Mostapha, Michalski, Catheine, Fournet, Bernard, and Mizon, Jacques

Subjects
PROTEINS, TRYPSIN inhibitors, ENZYME inhibitors, GROWTH factors, PEPTIDE hormones, BIOCHEMISTRY
Abstract

Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) is a tight complex of three different proteins: bikunin and two heavy chains H1 and H2. In order to demonstrate that the three chains are covalently linked by a chondroitin sulphate chain as previously proposed [Enghild. J. J., Salvesen, G., Hefta. S. A., Thoger sen. I. B., Rutherford. S. and Pizzo. S. V. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 747-751], ITI was extensively digested with thermolysin and the glycosaminoglycan-containing fragment was isolated from the digest by ion-exchange chromatography. Its peptide structural determination and mass spectrometry analysis both provide evidence that the different peptide chains constituting ltl are associated by the new cross-link described as the protein-glycosaminoglycan-protein cross-link. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1994
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61. Relationship between a Mild α1Proteinase Inhibitor Deficiency and Respiratory Symptoms in a Family

Author

Huet-Duvillier, Guillemette, Balduyck, Malika, Watrigant, Yves, Sesboue, Richard, Thiebaut, Carole, Lafitte, Jean Jacques, and Degand, Pierre

Abstract

A 34-year-old man with pulmonary emphysema was found to have a mild α1proteinase inhibitor (α1PI) deficiency. α1PI status was investigated in this patient and in 35 members of his family. The α1PI investigations included α1PI concentration and phenotype and serum inhibitory capacity for trypsin and pancreatic elastase. Fifteen members of the family had α1PI concentration and inhibitory capacities below the lower normal limit. Five of these members were characterized by the heterozygous MP phenotype and the 10 others by an apparently homozygous M phenotype, in which the M allele may be associated with another unidentified deficiency allele. Two members of the family had α1PI concentration and elastase inhibitory capacity below the lower normal limits and trypsin inhibitory capacity within the normal range. They were both characterized by the MP phenotype. Six of these 17 members (three of PI type M and three of PI type MP) showed chronic pulmonary symptoms, whereas among the 19 α1PI non deficient members, no member had a history of significant pulmonary symptoms.

Published
1995
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63. Groupe de travail SFBC « Marqueurs biochimiques de COVID-19 »

Author

Marie-Christine, Beauvieux, Annie M, Bérard, Isabelle, Aimone-Gastin, Françoise, Barbé, Yann, Barguil, Delphine, Collin-Chavagnac, Hervé, Delacour, Céline, Delevallée, Valérie, Nivet-Antoine, Katell, Peoc'h, Carole, Poupon, François, Schmitt, Laurence, Piéroni, Vincent, Sapin, Charlotte, Oris, CarMeN, laboratoire, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre de résonance magnétique des systèmes biologiques (CRMSB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Nutrition-Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux (NGERE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Begin, Service de Santé des Armées, Gen-Bio [Clermont-Ferrand] (Groupe Inovie ), Innovations thérapeutiques en hémostase (IThEM - U1140), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Centre Hospitalier de Gonesse (CHU Gonesse), Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud (GHBS), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Membres du Groupe de travail SFBC « Marqueurs biochimiques de COVID-19 » Aimone-Gastin Isabelle, Alcaraz Stéphanie, Allouche Stéphane, Balduyck Malika, Barbé Franc¸oise, Barguil Yann, Bastard Jean-Philippe, Beaudeux Jean-Louis, Beauvieux Marie-Christine, Ben Lassoued Amin, Benz de Bretagne Isabelle, Bérard Annie, Bermont Laurent, Bigot-Corbel Edith, Bost Muriel, Bourbonneux Valery, Brunel Valery, Carré Jean-Luc, Chenevier-Gobeaux Camille, Chevrier Marc, Chinetti Giulia, Collin-Chavagnac Delphine, Delacour Hervé, Delevallée Delphine, Desroys du Roure Franc¸ois, Faure Patrice, Galhaud Jean-Philippe, Galinier Anne, Hauet Thierry, Hejl Carine, Jolly Emilie, Kamel Said, Lehmann Sylvain, Leroy Aline, Lessinger Jean-Marc, Levy Pacifique, LorecPenet Anne-Marie, Mesli Samir, Monnet Dagui, Moreau Caroline, Mouly Laurence, Nivet-Antoine Valérie, Oueidat Nathalie, Pecquet Mathieu, Peoc’h Katell, Piéroni Laurence, Poupon Carole, Roubille Martine, Rucheton Benoit, Sakka Medhi, Sapin Vincent, Saunier Vincent, Scherrer Florian, Schmitt Franc¸ois, Zaepfel Sabine, Zozor Samuel Liste des correspondants en biochimie Sous-groupe Privés Boulier Alexandre (Saint-Thibery), Saint Martin Chloé (Saint-Flour), Chatelain Rémi (Roanne), Deleglise Guillaume (Clermont-Ferrand), Froment Pauline (Ganges), Paulus Jean-Marcel (Nancy), Merah Kader (Saint-Denis), Sevin Eric (Limoges), Barrand Lionel (Strasbourg), Boetsch Morgane (Colmar), Lautier Carine (Montpellier), Charrier Frédéric (Arles), Magraff Stéphane (Brumath) Sous-groupe Outre-Mer (OM)/francophonie Cavalier Etienne (CHU Liège), Demar Magali (CH Cayenne), de Guire Vincent et Wang Han Ting (Montréal), Laso Bautista Javier (HFE Cerdagne), Dumas-Chastang Elsa (Papeete, ILM), Outreville Jonathan (Papeete, CHT Mamao), Tayeb Nicole (CH Mayotte), Monde Absalome (CHU Treichville Abidjan), Chiaradia Laura (CH Nouméa), Alomar Yves (CH de St Pierre & Miquelon), Devaud Francois (CH d’Uturoa), Diallo Agne Fatou, Kandji Pape Matar, Gueye Papa Madieye (CHU Fann, Sénégal), Temmar Abdelhakim (CHU de Guadeloupe), Sakandé Jean et Kabré Elie (CHU Yalgado Uuedraogo, Burkina Faso), Padelli Maël (CHU de Martinique), Chabraoui Layachi, pour la Fédération Internationale Francophone de Biologie et Médecine de Laboratoire (FIFBCML), Magny Eric (CHU Réunion) Sous-groupe CH Got Laurence et Francia Thomas (Orléans), Tournoys Marie-Hélène (Béthune), Morvan Cécile (Villefranche), Kadi Habiba (Gonesse), Balluet Rémi (Bourg-en-Bresse), Fissor-Magdelein Cristel (Monaco) Sous-groupe Hôpitaux d’instruction des armées (HIA) Vest Philippe (Clamart), Plantamura Julie (Toulon) Sous-groupe CHU Nord-Est Salignac Sylvain (Nancy), Maboudou Patrice et Onraed Brigitte (Lille), Schneider Nathalie et Szymezak Jean (Reims), Alemann Mathieu, Glady Ludovic, Lavaux Thomas, Kemmel Véronique, Lefevre Paul et Bayer Sophie (Strasbourg), Billoir Paul et Gueudin Marie (Rouen), Grandhomme Frédérique et Gondolf Clémentine (Caen) Sous-groupe CHU Ouest Moal Valérie et Larcher- Joubaud Franc¸oise (Angers), Guery Eve-Anne (Tours), Lefevre Charles, Collet Nicolas et Peltier Lucas (Rennes), Lacape Geneviève, Redonnet-Vernhet Isabelle, Richard Emmanuel et Gilleron Véronique (Bordeaux) Sous-groupe CHU Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Czerkiewicz Isabelle (Henri Mondor), Vicca Stéphanie (Necker), Manceau Hanna (Beaujon), Boutten Anne (Bichat) Sous-groupe CHU Sud Ausseil Jérôme (Toulouse), Hamoir Maria, Zemori Laurence, Deconde-Lebutor Célia (Nice), Lamy Anaïs (Nîmes) Sous-groupe CHU Auvergne Rhône-Alpes-Bourgogne Franche-Comté (ARA-BFC) Gambert Ségolène (Dijon), Gonzalo Philippe (Saint-Etienne), Cartier Régine (Lyon), and Oris Charlotte (ClermontFerrand)

Subjects
030213 general clinical medicine, History, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Disease, France/epidemiology, Biochemistry, Community Networks, Disease Outbreaks, Viral/blood/*diagnosis/epidemiology, 0302 clinical medicine, Health care, Pandemic, Videoconferencing/organization & administration/standards, Intersectoral Collaboration, medical biology, Professional Practice, General Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Services, biological markers, 21st Century, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], France, Coronavirus Infections, Biomarkers/*analysis/blood, Societies, Scientific, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Pneumonia, Viral, Biochemistry/*organization & administration/standards, History, 21st Century, Scientific/*organization & administration/standards, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, Community Networks/organization & administration/standards/trends, medicine, Clinical Laboratory Services/*organization & administration/standards, Humans, Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification/pathogenicity, Medical prescription, China, Pandemics, Professional Practice/organization & administration/standards/trends, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Pneumonia, Private sector, Family medicine, covid-19, Coronavirus Infections/blood/*diagnosis/epidemiology, Videoconferencing, business, Societies, Biomarkers
Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is responsible for an epidemic disease called COVID-19, which was initially evidenced in Wuhan, China, and spread very rapidly in China and around the world. In France, the first isolated case seems now to be reported in December 2019, stage 3 of the COVID-19 epidemic was triggered on March 14(th), the start of the planned containment exit from May 11(th). Healthcare services have faced a large influx of patients who may be beyond their capacity to receive and care, particularly in the Large-East and Ile-de-France regions. Some patients show an evolution of the disease never observed before with other coronaviruses and develop in a few days a very important inflammatory reaction, which can lead to death of patients. A working group of the French Society of Clinical Biology (SFBC) was set up with the objective of providing updated information on the current status of the biological prescriptions (focusing on biochemistry ones) and their evolution during the epidemic, and of analyzing the biological parameters associated with comorbidities and patient evolution in order to link biological results with medical events. The expanded working group covers all sectors of medical biology in France and extends to the French-speaking world: hospital sectors (CHU and CH, Army Training Hospitals) and the private sector opening a field of view on the biological situation in establishments for dependent elderly, social establishments and clinical medical institutions. The purpose of this article is the presentation of this working group and its immediate and future actions., Le virus SARS-CoV-2 est responsable d’une maladie épidémique dénommée COVID-19 initialement mise en évidence à Wuhan (Chine) et qui s’est propagée très rapidement en Chine puis dans le monde entier. En France, le premier cas isolé semble être signalé dès la fin du mois de décembre2019, le stade 3 de l’épidémie a été déclenché le 14 mars 2020 et la sortie progressive du confinement est prévue à partir du 11 mai 2020. Les services de soins ont fait face à un afflux massif de patients pouvant déborder leurs capacités d’accueil et de prise en charge, notamment dans les régions Grand-Est et Ile-de-France. Certains patients présentent une évolution de la maladie encore jamais observée avec les coronavirus et développent en quelques jours une réaction inflammatoire très importante, pouvant mener au décès. Un groupe de travail de la Société française de biologie clinique (SFBC) s’est constitué, ayant pour objectif de faire le point sur les prescriptions biologiques et leur évolution au cours de l’épidémie, d’analyser les paramètres biologiques, avec un focus biochimique, associés aux comorbidités et à l’évolution du patient, dans le but de relier les résultats biologiques avec des évènements du parcours de soins du patient. Ce groupe de travail recouvre tous les secteurs publics (CHU, CH, Hôpitaux d’instruction des armées) et privés de la biologie médicale en France métropolitaine et ultra-marine ; il s’étend également à la francophonie. Il permet une vision large sur la situation biologique en milieu hospitalier, établissements d’hébergements de personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad), établissements médicaux sociaux (EMS) et en cliniques. Le but de cet article est la présentation de ce groupe de travail et ses actions immédiates et à venir.

Published
2020

64. Groupe de travail SFBC « Marqueurs biochimiques de COVID-19 »

Author

Beauvieux, M. C., Bérard, A. M., Aimone-Gastin, I., Barbe, F., Barguil, Y., Collin-Chavagnac, D., Delacour, H., Delevallee, C., Nivet-Antoine, V., Peoc'H, K., Poupon, C., Schmitt, F., Piéroni, L., Sapin, V., CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre de résonance magnétique des systèmes biologiques (CRMSB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Nutrition-Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux (NGERE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Begin, Service de Santé des Armées, Gen-Bio [Clermont-Ferrand] (Groupe Inovie ), Innovations thérapeutiques en hémostase = Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis (IThEM - U1140), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Centre Hospitalier de Gonesse (CHU Gonesse), Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud (GHBS), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Membres du Groupe de travail SFBC « Marqueurs biochimiques de COVID-19 » Aimone-Gastin Isabelle, Alcaraz Stéphanie, Allouche Stéphane, Balduyck Malika, Barbé Franc¸oise, Barguil Yann, Bastard Jean-Philippe, Beaudeux Jean-Louis, Beauvieux Marie-Christine, Ben Lassoued Amin, Benz de Bretagne Isabelle, Bérard Annie, Bermont Laurent, Bigot-Corbel Edith, Bost Muriel, Bourbonneux Valery, Brunel Valery, Carré Jean-Luc, Chenevier-Gobeaux Camille, Chevrier Marc, Chinetti Giulia, Collin-Chavagnac Delphine, Delacour Hervé, Delevallée Delphine, Desroys du Roure Franc¸ois, Faure Patrice, Galhaud Jean-Philippe, Galinier Anne, Hauet Thierry, Hejl Carine, Jolly Emilie, Kamel Said, Lehmann Sylvain, Leroy Aline, Lessinger Jean-Marc, Levy Pacifique, LorecPenet Anne-Marie, Mesli Samir, Monnet Dagui, Moreau Caroline, Mouly Laurence, Nivet-Antoine Valérie, Oueidat Nathalie, Pecquet Mathieu, Peoc’h Katell, Piéroni Laurence, Poupon Carole, Roubille Martine, Rucheton Benoit, Sakka Medhi, Sapin Vincent, Saunier Vincent, Scherrer Florian, Schmitt Franc¸ois, Zaepfel Sabine, Zozor Samuel Liste des correspondants en biochimie Sous-groupe Privés Boulier Alexandre (Saint-Thibery), Saint Martin Chloé (Saint-Flour), Chatelain Rémi (Roanne), Deleglise Guillaume (Clermont-Ferrand), Froment Pauline (Ganges), Paulus Jean-Marcel (Nancy), Merah Kader (Saint-Denis), Sevin Eric (Limoges), Barrand Lionel (Strasbourg), Boetsch Morgane (Colmar), Lautier Carine (Montpellier), Charrier Frédéric (Arles), Magraff Stéphane (Brumath) Sous-groupe Outre-Mer (OM)/francophonie Cavalier Etienne (CHU Liège), Demar Magali (CH Cayenne), de Guire Vincent et Wang Han Ting (Montréal), Laso Bautista Javier (HFE Cerdagne), Dumas-Chastang Elsa (Papeete, ILM), Outreville Jonathan (Papeete, CHT Mamao), Tayeb Nicole (CH Mayotte), Monde Absalome (CHU Treichville Abidjan), Chiaradia Laura (CH Nouméa), Alomar Yves (CH de St Pierre & Miquelon), Devaud Francois (CH d’Uturoa), Diallo Agne Fatou, Kandji Pape Matar, Gueye Papa Madieye (CHU Fann, Sénégal), Temmar Abdelhakim (CHU de Guadeloupe), Sakandé Jean et Kabré Elie (CHU Yalgado Uuedraogo, Burkina Faso), Padelli Maël (CHU de Martinique), Chabraoui Layachi, pour la Fédération Internationale Francophone de Biologie et Médecine de Laboratoire (FIFBCML), Magny Eric (CHU Réunion) Sous-groupe CH Got Laurence et Francia Thomas (Orléans), Tournoys Marie-Hélène (Béthune), Morvan Cécile (Villefranche), Kadi Habiba (Gonesse), Balluet Rémi (Bourg-en-Bresse), Fissor-Magdelein Cristel (Monaco) Sous-groupe Hôpitaux d’instruction des armées (HIA) Vest Philippe (Clamart), Plantamura Julie (Toulon) Sous-groupe CHU Nord-Est Salignac Sylvain (Nancy), Maboudou Patrice et Onraed Brigitte (Lille), Schneider Nathalie et Szymezak Jean (Reims), Alemann Mathieu, Glady Ludovic, Lavaux Thomas, Kemmel Véronique, Lefevre Paul et Bayer Sophie (Strasbourg), Billoir Paul et Gueudin Marie (Rouen), Grandhomme Frédérique et Gondolf Clémentine (Caen) Sous-groupe CHU Ouest Moal Valérie et Larcher- Joubaud Franc¸oise (Angers), Guery Eve-Anne (Tours), Lefevre Charles, Collet Nicolas et Peltier Lucas (Rennes), Lacape Geneviève, Redonnet-Vernhet Isabelle, Richard Emmanuel et Gilleron Véronique (Bordeaux) Sous-groupe CHU Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Czerkiewicz Isabelle (Henri Mondor), Vicca Stéphanie (Necker), Manceau Hanna (Beaujon), Boutten Anne (Bichat) Sous-groupe CHU Sud Ausseil Jérôme (Toulouse), Hamoir Maria, Zemori Laurence, Deconde-Lebutor Célia (Nice), Lamy Anaïs (Nîmes) Sous-groupe CHU Auvergne Rhône-Alpes-Bourgogne Franche-Comté (ARA-BFC) Gambert Ségolène (Dijon), Gonzalo Philippe (Saint-Etienne), Cartier Régine (Lyon), Oris Charlotte (ClermontFerrand), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Innovations thérapeutiques en hémostase (IThEM - U1140), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)

Subjects
History, Professional Practice/organization & administration/standards/trends, SARS-CoV-2, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biochemistry/*organization & administration/standards, medical biology, Pneumonia, France/epidemiology, biological markers, 21st Century, Disease Outbreaks, Scientific/*organization & administration/standards, Viral/blood/*diagnosis/epidemiology, covid-19, Community Networks/organization & administration/standards/trends, Coronavirus Infections/blood/*diagnosis/epidemiology, Videoconferencing/organization & administration/standards, Clinical Laboratory Services/*organization & administration/standards, Humans, Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification/pathogenicity, Covid-19, Societies, Pandemics, Biomarkers/*analysis/blood, Intersectoral Collaboration
Abstract

International audience; The SARS-CoV-2 virus is responsible for an epidemic disease called COVID-19, which was initially evidenced in Wuhan, China, and spread very rapidly in China and around the world. In France, the first isolated case seems now to be reported in December 2019, stage 3 of the COVID-19 epidemic was triggered on March 14(th), the start of the planned containment exit from May 11(th). Healthcare services have faced a large influx of patients who may be beyond their capacity to receive and care, particularly in the Large-East and Ile-de-France regions. Some patients show an evolution of the disease never observed before with other coronaviruses and develop in a few days a very important inflammatory reaction, which can lead to death of patients. A working group of the French Society of Clinical Biology (SFBC) was set up with the objective of providing updated information on the current status of the biological prescriptions (focusing on biochemistry ones) and their evolution during the epidemic, and of analyzing the biological parameters associated with comorbidities and patient evolution in order to link biological results with medical events. The expanded working group covers all sectors of medical biology in France and extends to the French-speaking world: hospital sectors (CHU and CH, Army Training Hospitals) and the private sector opening a field of view on the biological situation in establishments for dependent elderly, social establishments and clinical medical institutions. The purpose of this article is the presentation of this working group and its immediate and future actions.; Le virus SARS-CoV-2 est responsable d’une maladie épidémique dénommée COVID-19 initialement mise en évidence à Wuhan (Chine) et qui s’est propagée très rapidement en Chine puis dans le monde entier. En France, le premier cas isolé semble être signalé dès la fin du mois de décembre2019, le stade 3 de l’épidémie a été déclenché le 14 mars 2020 et la sortie progressive du confinement est prévue à partir du 11 mai 2020. Les services de soins ont fait face à un afflux massif de patients pouvant déborder leurs capacités d’accueil et de prise en charge, notamment dans les régions Grand-Est et Ile-de-France. Certains patients présentent une évolution de la maladie encore jamais observée avec les coronavirus et développent en quelques jours une réaction inflammatoire très importante, pouvant mener au décès. Un groupe de travail de la Société française de biologie clinique (SFBC) s’est constitué, ayant pour objectif de faire le point sur les prescriptions biologiques et leur évolution au cours de l’épidémie, d’analyser les paramètres biologiques, avec un focus biochimique, associés aux comorbidités et à l’évolution du patient, dans le but de relier les résultats biologiques avec des évènements du parcours de soins du patient. Ce groupe de travail recouvre tous les secteurs publics (CHU, CH, Hôpitaux d’instruction des armées) et privés de la biologie médicale en France métropolitaine et ultra-marine ; il s’étend également à la francophonie. Il permet une vision large sur la situation biologique en milieu hospitalier, établissements d’hébergements de personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad), établissements médicaux sociaux (EMS) et en cliniques. Le but de cet article est la présentation de ce groupe de travail et ses actions immédiates et à venir.

Published
2020

65. [Validation of a method for measuring the antielastolytic activity of human circulating alpha1-antitrypsin].

Author

Dechomet M, Zerimech F, Chapuis-Cellier C, Lombard C, and Balduyck M

Subjects
Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Female, Male, Animals, Adult, Swine, Middle Aged, Spectrophotometry methods, alpha 1-Antitrypsin blood, alpha 1-Antitrypsin analysis, alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency diagnosis, alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency blood, Pancreatic Elastase analysis, Pancreatic Elastase blood
Abstract

The existence of alpha-1 antitrypsin variants with apparently unremarkable phenotypes and serum concentrations, contrasting with a clinical picture suggestive of a severe deficiency, led us to investigate whether in these cases there was a reduction or even suppression of the capacity of alpha-1 antitrypsin to inhibit elastase. To this end, in two different laboratories, we adapted and validated a method for measuring the functional activity of alpha-1 antitrypsin, based on spectrophotometric kinetic analysis of the inhibition by serum alpha-1 antitrypsin of the hydrolytic activity of porcine pancreatic elastase on a chromogenic substrate. This method has proved to be robust, reproducible and transferable and made possible to define, on the basis of an analysis of a hospital population, a functionality index with a confidence interval comprised between 0.87 and 1.2, allowing to identify subjects likely to have a functional deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin, whether this deficiency being of a genetic origin without any quantitative or phenotypic translation, or whether being acquired under the effect of external agents (cigarette smoke or viruses).

Published
2024
Full Text
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66. Relationship between microaspiration and ventilator-associated events: A post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Author

Millot G, Behal H, Jaillette E, Girault C, Brunin G, Labreuche J, Alves I, Minacori F, Georges H, Herbecq P, Fayolle C, Maboudou P, Zerimech F, Balduyck M, and Nseir S

Abstract

Objective: The relationship between ventilator-associated events (VAE) and microaspiration in intubated patients has not be studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between abundant microaspiration of oropharyngeal secretions or gastric contents and the incidence of VAE., Patients and Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of the BESTCUFF study, which was a multicenter, cluster randomized, cross-over, controlled, open-label trial in adult patients ventilated for over 48 h. All tracheal aspirates were sampled for 48 h following enrollment, with quantitative measurement of pepsin and alpha-amylase. VAE were identified using National Healthcare Safety Network criteria, based on PEEP or FiO 2 variations compared to stable parameters in previous days. The primary objective was to assess the relationship between abundant global microaspiration and the incidence of VAE, adjusted for pre-specified confounding factors (sex, SAPS II score and Glasgow coma scale)., Results: 261 patients were included, of which 31 (11.9%) developed VAE, with an overall median age of 65 (interquartile range 52-74), a majority of male patients (164, 62.8%), a median SAPS II score of 50 [40-61], a median SOFA score of 8 [5-11], and acute respiratory failure as main reason for ICU admission (117, 44.8%).The incidence of VAE was not significantly associated with abundant global microaspiration (adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio (cHR): 1.55 [0.46-5.17), abundant gastric microaspiration (adjusted cHR: 1.24 [0.61-2.53), or with abundant oropharyngeal microaspiration (adjusted HR: 1.07 [0.47-2.42])., Conclusions: Our results suggest no significant association between abundant global, gastric or oropharyngeal microaspiration and the incidence of VAE., Implications for Clinical Practice: This study underscores that measuring microaspiration in intubated critically ill patients might not be useful to predict the diagnosis of VAE or to evaluate interventions aiming at preventing these complications., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: SN has received lecture fees from MSD, Pfizer, Biomérieux, Medtronic, and Fisher and Paykel; he is a member of the advisory boards of Mundipharma. Other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Published
2024
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67. Performance of the BODE index in patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD.

Author

Thabut G, Mornex JF, Pison C, Cuvelier A, Balduyck M, Pujazon MC, Fournier M, AitIlalne B, and Porcher R

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Area Under Curve, Calibration, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnosis, Emphysema mortality, Female, France, Humans, Lung Transplantation, Male, Middle Aged, Probability, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive mortality, ROC Curve, Software, Treatment Outcome, alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency mortality, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive complications, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis, Severity of Illness Index, alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency complications, alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency diagnosis
Abstract

The BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea and exercise capacity) index is used to decide on referral and transplantation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The BODE index has not been validated in patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency, who account for 15% of COPD patients undergoing lung transplantation. We sought to validate the BODE index in α1-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD. We assessed the prognostic value of the BODE index in 191 patients followed from 2006 to 2012 in a French prospective cohort of patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency. 20 patients died during follow-up and 22 underwent lung transplantation. Survival (95% CI) was 93.0% (91.7-94.3%) at 3 years and 76.0% (72.9-79.1%) at 5 years. The 3-year survival was 97.4% (96.6-98.2%), 98.0% (96.7-99.3%), 87.7% (84.5-90.9%) and 75.3% (66.0-84.6%) for patients with BODE index 0-2, 3-4, 5-6 and 7-10, respectively. Survival discrimination of the BODE index was better than with both forced expiratory volume in 1 s and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease classification. Regarding calibration, expected survival by BODE index was noticeably lower than observed survival. The BODE index showed very good survival discrimination in patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD. Larger studies are needed to support its use to drive patient referral for lung transplantation., (©ERS 2014.)

Published
2014
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68. Microaspiration in intubated critically ill patients: diagnosis and prevention.

Author

Nseir S, Zerimech F, Jaillette E, Artru F, and Balduyck M

Subjects
Animals, Bronchoscopy methods, Critical Illness, Fiber Optic Technology, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Intubation, Intratracheal methods, Methylene Blue, Pepsin A analysis, Respiratory Aspiration diagnosis, Respiratory Aspiration prevention & control, Risk Factors, Intubation, Intratracheal adverse effects, Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated prevention & control, Respiratory Aspiration etiology
Abstract

Microaspiration of contaminated oropharyngeal secretions and gastric contents frequently occurs in intubated critically ill patients, and plays a major role in the pathogenesis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Risk factors for microaspiration include impossible closure of vocal cords, longitudinal folds in high-volume low-pressure polyvinyl chloride cuffs, and underinflation of tracheal cuff. Zero positive end expiratory pressure, low peak inspiratory pressure, tracheal suctioning, nasogastric tube and enteral nutrition increase the risk for microaspiration. Other patient related factors include supine position, coma, sedation, and hyperglycemia. Technetium 99 labelled enteral feeding is probably the most accurate marker of microaspiration in critically ill patients. However, use of this radioactive marker is restricted to nuclear medicine departments. Blue methylene is a reliable qualitative marker of microaspiration. However, fiberoptic bronchoscopy is required to diagnose microaspiration of blue dye in ICU patients. Quantitative pepsin measurement in tracheal aspirates is accurate in diagnosing microaspiration of gastric contents in critically ill patients. In addition, this marker is easy to use in routine practice. However, pepsin should be detected rapidly after aspiration. In vitro, and clinical studies suggested that semirecumbent position, polyurethane cuffs, positive end expiratory pressure, low-volume low-pressure cuff, and continuous control of cuff pressure were efficient in reducing microaspiration in ICU patients. Other preventive measures such as subglottic aspiration, tapered shape cuff, guayule latex cuff, lateral horizontal patient position, gastrostomy tube, and postpyloric feeding require further investingation.

Published
2011
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69. Evaluation of a new Sebia isoelectrofocusing kit for alpha 1-antitrypsin phenotyping with the Hydrasys System.

Author

Zerimech F, Hennache G, Bellon F, Barouh G, Jacques Lafitte J, Porchet N, and Balduyck M

Subjects
Humans, Isoelectric Focusing standards, Phenotype, Sensitivity and Specificity, Isoelectric Focusing instrumentation, alpha 1-Antitrypsin analysis
Abstract

Background: Laboratory evaluation of alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is generally performed by determination of A1AT concentrations and identification of specific allelic variants by phenotyping. For this purpose, we evaluated a new Hydragel 18 A1AT Isofocusing kit on the semi-automatic Hydrasys System (Sebia) for the determination of A1AT phenotypes by isoelectrofocusing on ready-to-use agarose gels with specific immunological detection., Methods: Serum samples from 66 patients were analysed with this new kit in comparison with the conventional and manually performed isoelectrofocusing method on polyacrylamide gels with Coomassie Blue staining., Results: A1AT phenotypes showed comparable iso-electrofocusing patterns in both systems. The good within-gel reproducibility of this kit was demonstrated using two normal serum samples (M1 and M1M2 phenotypes) and six pathological serum samples with different phenotypes (MS, SS, SZ, MZ, ZZ). A sensitivity study was undertaken by performing serial dilutions on a serum with a ZZ phenotype containing 0.27 g/L A1AT. The detection limit was 0.050 g/L., Conclusions: This new method is highly specific, rapid and simple to perform. It improves identification of not only the most common but also various rare A1AT phenotypes. It appears to be suitable for routine analysis and screening applications in a clinical laboratory setting.

Published
2008
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