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884 results on '"Baird, D. T."'

62. Expression of TGF-beta isoforms during first trimester human embryogenesis

Author

Gatherer, D., Ten Dijke, P., Baird, D. T., Akhurst, R. J., Gatherer, D., Ten Dijke, P., Baird, D. T., and Akhurst, R. J.

Abstract

We have studied the expression of the genes encoding transforming growth factors (TGFs) beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3 in human embryos ranging from 32 to 57 days post-coitum, using in situ hybridization. The spatial and temporal pattern of expression of each gene is distinct, though each occasionally overlaps. TGF-beta 1 is expressed in haematopoietic, endothelial and osteogenic tissues. TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 are expressed in a wide variety of mesenchymal tissues including areas of chondrogenic activity. TGF-beta 2 is also found in several epithelial and in the ventral nervous system. The differential transcript distributions are broadly similar to those seen in mouse embryos suggesting that there is conservation of TGF-beta gene regulatory sequences and developmental function across this species boundary.

Published
1990

94. Advances in recombinant DNA technology: corifollitropin alfa, a hybrid molecule with sustained follicle-stimulating activity and reduced injection frequency.

Author

Fauser, B. C. J. M., Mannaerts, B. M. J. L., Devroey, P., Leader, A., Boime, I., and Baird, D. T.

Subjects
RECOMBINANT DNA, DNA, PROTEINS, GLYCOSYLATION, GENES
Abstract

Background: Recombinant DNA technologies have been used to develop longer-acting therapeutic proteins. One approach is to introduce sequences containing additional glycosylation sites. Using this technique, a new chimeric gene has been developed containing the coding sequences of the FSH beta-subunit and the C-terminal peptide of the hCG beta-subunit, which bears four O-linked oligosaccharide binding sites. Co-expression of the alpha-subunit and the chimeric FSH beta-subunit produces a new recombinant molecule, named corifollitropin alfa, with a prolonged elimination half-life and enhanced in vivo bioactivity compared with wild-type FSH. Methods: Medline searches by subject and additional searching by hand. Results: Initial studies in pituitary suppressed female volunteers confirmed the extended half-life of the compound. Phase II studies have shown that corifollitropin alfa is able to induce and sustain multi-follicular growth for an entire week in women undergoing ovarian stimulation using GnRH antagonist co-treatment for IVF. Corifollitropin alfa regimens have been developed with dosages of 100 and 150 microg, for patients with body weight 60 kg, respectively. Conclusions: Corifollitropin alfa is the first long-acting hybrid molecule with sustained follicle-stimulating activity developed for the induction of multi-follicular growth along with GnRH antagonist co-treatment for IVF. This new treatment option may be simpler and more convenient for patients compared with conventional long protocols of daily FSH injections in combination with GnRH agonist co-treatment. The safety and efficacy of such regimens is currently being evaluated in large comparative phase III clinical trials. The development of corifollitropin alfa is the first step towards a new generation of recombinant gonadotrophins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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100. A novel estrogen-free oral contraceptive pill for women: multicentre, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of mifepristone and progestogen-only pill (levonorgestrel).

Author

Lakha, F., Ho, P. C., Van der Spuy, Z. M., Dada, K., Elton, R., Glasier, A. F., Critchley, H.O.D., Williams, A. R. W., and Baird, D. T.

Subjects
ORAL contraceptives, LEVONORGESTREL intrauterine contraceptives, CONTRACEPTION, PROGESTERONE antagonists, MIFEPRISTONE
Abstract

Background: The acceptability and continuation rate of oral contraceptive steroids are limited by unpredictable bleeding and the fear of long-term risks such as breast cancer. By inhibiting ovulation and by altering the receptivity of the endometrium, antagonists of progesterone, such as mifepristone, could be developed as estrogen-free novel contraceptives. Methods: Multicentre, double-blind, randomized controlled trial comparing frequency of amenorrhoea (primary outcome), bleeding patterns, side effects and efficacy in women taking daily 5 mg mifepristone (n = 73) or 0.03 mg levonorgestrel (progestogen-only pill; POP, n = 23) for 24 weeks. Results: More women were amenorrhoeic while taking mifepristone than POP (49 versus 0% P < 0.001), and fewer women bled or spotted for >5 days per month (4 versus 39% P < 0.001). Forty-eight percent of women who took mifepristone for 6 months had cystic glandular dilatation of the endometrium but none showed hyperplasia or atypia. There were no pregnancies in 356 months of exposure in women who used only mifepristone for contraception. Two pregnancies occurred in women taking mifepristone who were also using condoms for dual protection. Conclusions: Daily mifepristone (5 mg) is an effective oral contraceptive pill which has a better pattern of menstrual bleeding than an existing POP (levonorgestrel). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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