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52. The humanization of the economy through social innovation

Author

SPRU 50 years anniversary conference (Brighton (UK)), Kemp, René, Strasser, Tim, Davidson, Marc, Avelino, Flor, Pel, Bonno, Dumitru, Adina, Kunze, Iris, Backhaus, Julia, O’Riordan, Tim, Haxeltine, Alex, Weaver, Paul, SPRU 50 years anniversary conference (Brighton (UK)), Kemp, René, Strasser, Tim, Davidson, Marc, Avelino, Flor, Pel, Bonno, Dumitru, Adina, Kunze, Iris, Backhaus, Julia, O’Riordan, Tim, Haxeltine, Alex, and Weaver, Paul

Abstract

In his book The Great Transformation (1944), Karl Polanyi introduced the concept of a double movement in society. The first movement is towards marketization: the spread of market thinking and market-based forms of allocation throughout society, driven by international trade and naturalist ideas of competition and utilitarianism. The second movement consists of social protection against the negative consequences of that same marketization. This second movement has taken several forms, such as the creation of factory regulations (offering protection against work place hazards and worker exploitation), social security of some sort (state-based poor relief and support for the old and sick), and rise of (nationalistic) fascist parties (promising protection from threats to culture or country).In this paper, we argue that Polanyi’s two-movement model is best reformulated as a three-movement model of i) marketization, 2) state-based social protection and 3) the humanization of the economy. The third movement is a countermovement to the first movement and to some elements of the second movement. Like its two cousins, the humanization movement reaches across sectors, and is based on specific organizing principles that shape the characteristics of formal and informal governing institutions. The three movement model helps to make sense of current developments: the rise in social innovation initiatives, based on conviviality and cooperation, against the background of marketization and reform of the welfare state. We view this third movement as a process of humanization and re-embedding as the opposite of dis-embedding: the loss of social ties and sense of purpose in individualistic societies. It is not re-embedding in the sense of restoring the past, which in our view, was not a time of happily embedded people. Efforts at or processes of re-embedding can, however, involve the re-discovery or restoration of old organisational forms, which are then recreated in a modern form. The, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Published
2016

53. Transformative change for an inclusive society: what might social innovations contribute?

Author

SPRU 50 years anniversary conference (September 2016: Brighton (UK)), Weaver, Paul, Kemp, René, Strasser, Tim, Backhaus, Julia, Pel, Bonno, Avelino, Flor, SPRU 50 years anniversary conference (September 2016: Brighton (UK)), Weaver, Paul, Kemp, René, Strasser, Tim, Backhaus, Julia, Pel, Bonno, and Avelino, Flor

Abstract

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Published
2016

55. Institutionalization Dialectics in Transformative Social Innovation: a comparative case study

Author

International Sustainability Transitions Conference (05-07/09/2016: Wuppertal (DE)), Pel, Bonno, Weaver, Paul, Cipolla, Carla, Afonso, Rita, Jorgensen, Michael Soegaard, Elle, Morten, Avelino, Flor, Backhaus, Julia, Lema Blanco, Isabel, Kunze, Iris, Dumitru, Adina, van Gameren, Valentine, Bauler, Thomas, International Sustainability Transitions Conference (05-07/09/2016: Wuppertal (DE)), Pel, Bonno, Weaver, Paul, Cipolla, Carla, Afonso, Rita, Jorgensen, Michael Soegaard, Elle, Morten, Avelino, Flor, Backhaus, Julia, Lema Blanco, Isabel, Kunze, Iris, Dumitru, Adina, van Gameren, Valentine, and Bauler, Thomas

Abstract

Social innovation is increasingly believed to have a great potential for addressing persistent societal challenges such as sustainability, social inclusion, democratization and deprivation. We understand transformative social innovation (TSI) as social innovation that is aimed to challenge, alter, replace or provide alternatives to dominant institutions and structures. Efforts to institutionalize TSI ambitions tend to lead into a grey zone between transformation and reproduction. This contribution will follow earlier explorations into this territory that work with dialectical perspectives. As preparation for a broader comparative case study, we compare institutionalization dialectics as they unfolded in the cases of the Basic Income and Timebanks. We conclude with preliminary observations on these two cases, and evaluate how the dialectical framework helps to gain systematic insight into TSI institutionalization., info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Published
2016

57. Narratives of change: how social innovation initiatives engage with their transformative ambitions

Author

Wittmayer, Julia, Backhaus, Julia, Avelino, Flor, Pel, Bonno, Strasser, Tim, Kunze, Iris, Wittmayer, Julia, Backhaus, Julia, Avelino, Flor, Pel, Bonno, Strasser, Tim, and Kunze, Iris

Abstract

Numerous initiatives worldwide aspire to contribute to social change towards more sustainable, resilient and inclusive societies. In this paper, we approach their underlying theories about transformative change as ‘narratives of change’, broadly defined as sets of ideas, concepts, metaphors, discourses or story-lines about change and innovation. Such narratives of change reveal, amongst other, why the world has to change, who has the power to do so and how this can be done. A literature review supports this notion and helps assembling a method to reconstruct and analyse narratives of change concerning context, actors, plot, the production of narratives and their perceived role in social change processes. Following this method, and using interviews, participant observation and relevant documents as input, the narratives of change of three social innovation initiatives are constructed, namely Ashoka, the Global Ecovillage Network and RIPESS. Having been selected for their transformative ambitions, these three narratives acknowledge that social change is necessary. Their comparison led to three main insights, namely the great variety that exists in terms of the framing of the world, the driving actors and the actual change process. It also revealed the great importance that social innovation initiatives accord to narratives and stories and the different ways they engage in shaping societal discourses. Lastly, narratives of change are not just ‘stories out there’, rather they recount the theories of change which are practiced and acted upon by the very social innovation initiatives which propagate them., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2015

58. Mainstreaming best practices in energy demand

Author

Breukers, Sylvia, Backhaus, Julia, Mont, Oksana, and Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland

Subjects
practces, energy demand, management behaviour, Social Sciences Interdisciplinary
Abstract

It is becoming increasingly clear that we need an integrated approach to understanding and encouraging transitions towards a sustainable energy system. Current overall unsustainable ‘practices’ are locked into cultural, material, institutional and infrastructural settings. This limits the scope for individual choice and action. Even when actions are taken on individual or project level, they often remain stand-alone niche experiments and little further diffusion takes place. This paper addresses this problem by investigating how new more sustainable practices in the field of energy demand at the micro level can become mainstream and how energy demand side management projects can encourage this. We first discuss how a multilevel systems approach and practice theory may be fruitfully combined to address the problem of mainstreaming. Second, we analyse four empirical cases of energy demand side management. We explore efforts at diffusing these sustainable energy practices, the encountered challenges, employed solutions and achieved outcomes with the goal of learning about opportunities to mainstream best practices in the field of energy demand. The analysis reveals that the case that involved the most radical innovation faced the highest resistance to mainstreaming from the incumbent system. The more incremental initiatives were more successful at diffusing, but had rather modest outcomes in terms of environmental and efficiency gains. An important finding is that in order to shift everyday practices to a more sustainable direction, an understanding of possibilities to trigger changes in social norms is needed. When these changes are quite invasive, more time for negotiation and discussion might be needed before they become regarded as legitimate. Furthermore, connecting supply and demand (instead of merely addressing the demand side) can be crucial in mainstreaming sustainable energy practices. Although lessons learned from the cases do not offer clear-cut ‘do’s and don’ts’ for future efforts, they do highlight important issues for mainstreaming sustainable practices. These issues can sometimes be addressed within the scope of a single energy demand side project, but often policy has an important facilitating role to play in making sustainable energy practices legitimate and mainstream.

Published
2011

60. White paper of the 2012 Winter School on Limits to Growth Revisited

Author

Abdu, Nafiu, Ako, Rhuks, Backhaus, Julia, Bergset, Linda, Bezerra, Joana, Bobojonov, Ihtiyor, Borges, Vag-Lan, Cakirli Akyüz, Nuray, Callo-Concha, Daniel, Castro, Rodrigo, Cundill, Georgina, Romina, Drees, Escalante, Nicolas, Haake, Hans, Havemann, Andreas, Hezel, Bernd, Hotes, Stefan, Ibeh, Lawrence, Karimov, Aziz, Köbbing, Jan, Kurniawan, Tonni, Landry, Jean-Sébastien, Leopold, Armin, Guerreiro, Luis Lopes, Mansson, André, Marques da Silva, César, Mawlong, Lavinia, Moorhouse, Jeremy, Mu, Dongyan, Mukwaya, Paul, Murguia, Diego Ignacio, Mutopo, Patience, Nazarkina, Liudmila, Nuss, Philip, O'Brien, Meghan, Olaka, Lydia, Phelan, Liam, Randrianiaiana, Roger Daniel, Reichel, André, Sakane, Naomie, Schmelzer, Matthias, Schmidt, Anne, Schwerhoff, Gregor, Schwindenhammer, Sandra, Seufert, Verena, Shen, Wei, Liang, Liang, Sop, Tenekwetche, Tephnadze, Nato, Tietze, Frank, Tlili, Iskander, Wang, Xiaoxi, Yazid, Sylvia, Young, Andrea, Abdu, Nafiu, Ako, Rhuks, Backhaus, Julia, Bergset, Linda, Bezerra, Joana, Bobojonov, Ihtiyor, Borges, Vag-Lan, Cakirli Akyüz, Nuray, Callo-Concha, Daniel, Castro, Rodrigo, Cundill, Georgina, Romina, Drees, Escalante, Nicolas, Haake, Hans, Havemann, Andreas, Hezel, Bernd, Hotes, Stefan, Ibeh, Lawrence, Karimov, Aziz, Köbbing, Jan, Kurniawan, Tonni, Landry, Jean-Sébastien, Leopold, Armin, Guerreiro, Luis Lopes, Mansson, André, Marques da Silva, César, Mawlong, Lavinia, Moorhouse, Jeremy, Mu, Dongyan, Mukwaya, Paul, Murguia, Diego Ignacio, Mutopo, Patience, Nazarkina, Liudmila, Nuss, Philip, O'Brien, Meghan, Olaka, Lydia, Phelan, Liam, Randrianiaiana, Roger Daniel, Reichel, André, Sakane, Naomie, Schmelzer, Matthias, Schmidt, Anne, Schwerhoff, Gregor, Schwindenhammer, Sandra, Seufert, Verena, Shen, Wei, Liang, Liang, Sop, Tenekwetche, Tephnadze, Nato, Tietze, Frank, Tlili, Iskander, Wang, Xiaoxi, Yazid, Sylvia, and Young, Andrea

Published
2014

61. Supplementary Material

Author

Backhaus, Julia, primary, Genus, Audley, additional, Lorek, Sylvia, additional, Vadovics, Edina, additional, and Wittmayer, Julia M., additional

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62. Preliminary Material

Author

Backhaus, Julia, primary, Genus, Audley, additional, Lorek, Sylvia, additional, Vadovics, Edina, additional, and Wittmayer, Julia M., additional

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65. White paper of the 2012 winter school on limits to growth revisited

Author

Puetter, Felix, Kremers, Anorthe, Abdu, Nafiu, Ako, Rhuks, Backhaus, Julia, Bergset, Linda, Bezerra, Joana, Bobojonov, Ihtiyor, Borges, Vag-Lan, Cakirli Akyüz, Nuray, Callo-Concha, Daniel, Castro, Rodrigo, Cundill, Georgina, Drees, Romina, Escalante, Nicolas, Haake, Hans, Havemann, Andreas, Heze, Bernd, Hotes, Stefan, Ibeh, Lawrence, Karimov, Aziz, Köbbing, Jan, Kurniawan, Tonni, Landry, Jean-Sébastien, Leopold, Armin, Lopes Guerreiro, Luis, Månsson, André, Marques da Silva, César, Mawlong, Lavinia, Moorhouse, Jeremy, Mu, Dongyan, Mukwaya, Paul, Ignacio Murguía, Diego, Mutopo, Patience, Nazarkina, Liudmila, Nuss, Philip, O'Brien, Meghan, Olaka, Lydia, Phelan, Liam, Randrianiaiana, Roger Daniel, Reichel, André, Sakane, Naomie, Schmelzer, Matthias, Schmidt, Anne, Schwerhoff, Gregor, Schwindenhammer, Sandra, Seufert, Verena, Shen, Wei, Shi, Liang, Sop, Tenekwetche, Tephnadze, Nato, Tietze, Frank, Tlili, Iskander, Wang, Xiaoxi, Yazid, Sylvia, Young, Andrea, Puetter, Felix, Kremers, Anorthe, Abdu, Nafiu, Ako, Rhuks, Backhaus, Julia, Bergset, Linda, Bezerra, Joana, Bobojonov, Ihtiyor, Borges, Vag-Lan, Cakirli Akyüz, Nuray, Callo-Concha, Daniel, Castro, Rodrigo, Cundill, Georgina, Drees, Romina, Escalante, Nicolas, Haake, Hans, Havemann, Andreas, Heze, Bernd, Hotes, Stefan, Ibeh, Lawrence, Karimov, Aziz, Köbbing, Jan, Kurniawan, Tonni, Landry, Jean-Sébastien, Leopold, Armin, Lopes Guerreiro, Luis, Månsson, André, Marques da Silva, César, Mawlong, Lavinia, Moorhouse, Jeremy, Mu, Dongyan, Mukwaya, Paul, Ignacio Murguía, Diego, Mutopo, Patience, Nazarkina, Liudmila, Nuss, Philip, O'Brien, Meghan, Olaka, Lydia, Phelan, Liam, Randrianiaiana, Roger Daniel, Reichel, André, Sakane, Naomie, Schmelzer, Matthias, Schmidt, Anne, Schwerhoff, Gregor, Schwindenhammer, Sandra, Seufert, Verena, Shen, Wei, Shi, Liang, Sop, Tenekwetche, Tephnadze, Nato, Tietze, Frank, Tlili, Iskander, Wang, Xiaoxi, Yazid, Sylvia, and Young, Andrea

Published
2012

66. INTERMEDIARIES AS INNOVATING ACTORS IN THE TRANSITION TO A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SYSTEM.

Author

Backhaus, Julia

Subjects
INTERMEDIARIES (Information professionals), ENERGY management, RENEWABLE energy sources, ENERGY consumption, ENERGY policy, ENERGY demand management, STAKEHOLDERS, HUMAN behavior
Abstract

In transitions of large sociotechnical systems, intermediary organisations can emerge as mediators in between several actor groups and facilitate collaboration towards common goals. They can support the establishment of new actor networks and the articulation and alignment of interests to bring about desired changes. In this article, current efforts towards a more sustainable energy system serve as an exemplary context of intermediary work. The field under scrutiny, demand-side management, aims to decrease energy consumption. Unfortunately, the role and work of intermediaries as implementers of demand-side management projects often remains underappreciated. Research into the reasons of successes and failures of intermediary work and a theoretical corroboration for their practical work can help intermediaries to improve their programme designs and implementation strategies. The EC FP7-funded Changing Behaviour project aims to support intermediaries with strategic activities to improve demand-side management programmes and bring about lasting behavioural changes. Paying more attention to context, stakeholders, monitoring, evaluation and learning enables the development of tailor-made, widely supported projects with higher chances of success. In addition to practical support for their work, intermediaries can benefit from stronger policy support. An appreciation of their work as contribution to policy implementation, e.g. towards energy saving targets, could motivate such support. A stable policy and financial environment with long-term implementation plans and funding schemes provides a fertile ground for intermediary activities. Active participation of policy actors in demand-side management programmes can create networks sustaining longer-lasting change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

67. Turning Off the Gas Tap: Sustainable Energy Policies, Practices and Prospects in the Netherlands

Author

Backhaus, Julia, Fahy, Frances, Goggins, Garry, Jensen, Charlotte, ICIS, and RS: FSE ICIS

Subjects
Status quo, 020209 energy, media_common.quotation_subject, energy-related practice cultures, 02 engineering and technology, Energy transition, 7. Clean energy, Energy policy, law.invention, law, Political science, energy consumption, 0502 economics and business, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, sustainable energy, 050207 economics, media_common, Public economics, energy demand, 05 social sciences, Perspective (graphical), Energy consumption, energy behavior, energy transition, 13. Climate action, Sustainability, CLARITY, ENERGISE, Embodied energy, energy policy
Abstract

This chapter describes efforts to transition to more sustainable ways of living in the Netherlands. Backhaus captures the status quo of Dutch sustainable energy policies and projects in clarity and brevity, suggesting that prospects to live up to the commitment made in the Paris Agreement are dim. The Perspective project, a major, yet not well-known Dutch research programme in the 1990s discussed as best-practice example, suggests that substantial change is possible. Like most past and current sustainability efforts, the Perspective project focused on individual behaviour change. It qualifies as best-practice example by demonstrating that living well, healthy and sustainably can go hand-in-hand. Marking the Dutch cycling culture as an example, Backhaus proposes that, rather than targeting individuals, future sustainable energy policies and programmes should best address infrastructures, social norms and collectives.

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