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Understanding personality effects and their role in influencing relationship quality, varied according to gender and relationship duration, could help us better understand close relationships. Participants were Chinese dating dyads and were asked to complete both the Big Five Inventory and Perceived Relationship Quality Component scales. Males and those who had a long-term relationship perceived better relationship quality; individuals who scored higher on agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and emotional stability enjoyed better relationship quality; gender and/or relationship duration moderated the actor effect of extraversion and the partner effects of conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness on relationship quality. Regarding the profile similarity, those couples who were more dissimilar in their profile personality had better relationship quality, especially when they were in a relatively long-term relationship. Meanwhile, with an increase in profile similarity, the males' perceived relationship quality decreased.

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a self-reported multi-sensory phenomenon described as a pleasant tingling sensation, triggered by certain auditory and visual stimuli, which typically originates at the back of the head and tends to spread throughout the whole body resulting in a relaxed and sedated state. Despite growing reports of ASMR there is a lack of scientific investigation of this intriguing phenomenon. This study is the first to examine whether self-reported ASMR is associated with individual differences in personality characteristics compared to general population. To do so we administered the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and the Inter-Personal Reactivity Index (IRI) to a group of individuals reporting to experience ASMR and a matched control group. Our findings showed that ASMR self-reporters scored higher on Openness to Experience and lower on Conscientiousness measures of BFI. They also showed greater scores on Empathic Concern and Fantasizing subscale of IRI. These findings are discussed in the context of the personality profile found in synaesthesia, which has been recently suggested to be more prevalent among people reporting ASMR experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The Big Five framework examines five factors that represent a description of human personality. These factors correlate with success measures and job satisfaction. The Big Five Inventory is a 44-item instrument designed to measure the Big Five framework. Our aim was to document the distribution of Big Five personality traits among Pediatric Surgery fellowship applicants, compare with community norms, surgical residents, between genders, and correlate to the fellowship match results. Materials and methods Forty Pediatric Surgery fellowship applicants at a university hospital completed the Big Five Inventory during the interview process. It was analyzed and compared with general surgery residents' results and community norms. The data were compared regarding gender and match results. Continuous variables were compared by unpaired t -tests and Mann–Whitney tests. A P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results The 40 applicants were equally divided between male and female. When compared with general surgery residents and community norms, applicants of both genders scored higher on agreeableness ( P < 0.01), conscientiousness ( P < 0.01), and emotional stability ( P < 0.01). Applicants scored higher on openness when compared with surgical residents ( P < 0.01). Male applicants scored higher on emotional stability than females ( P = 0.026). Matched applicants scored higher for conscientiousness than unmatched applicants ( P = 0.016). Conclusions Pediatric Surgery fellowship applicants expressed higher levels of desirable professional traits compared with general surgery residents and community norms. Male applicants demonstrated higher emotional stability than females. Conscientiousness was higher in matching applicants. This first reported experience with personality testing in Pediatric Surgery fellow selection demonstrated potential utility in applicant matching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personalizing computer-based testing services to examinees can be improved by considering their behavioral models. This study aims to contribute towards deeper understanding the examinee’s time-spent and achievement behavior during testing according to the five personality traits by exploiting assessment analytics. Further, it aims to investigate assessment analytics appropriateness for classifying students and generating enhanced student models to guide personalization of testing services. In this study, the LAERS assessment environment and the Big Five Inventory were used to track the response times of 112 undergraduate students and to extract their personality traits respectively. Partial Least Squares was used to detect fundamental relationships between the collected data, and Supervised Learning Algorithms were used to classify students. Results indicate a positive effect of extraversion and agreeableness on goal-expectancy, a positive effect of conscientiousness on both goal-expectancy and level of certainty, and a negative effect of neuroticism and openness on level of certainty. Further, extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness have statistically significant indirect impact on students’ response-times and level of achievement. Moreover, the ensemble RandomForest method provides accurate classification results, indicating that a time-spent driven description of students’ behavior could have added value towards dynamically reshaping the respective models. Further implications of these findings are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This proposal by Siobhan Davies and David Hinton formed part of a submission to the BFI (British Film Institute, London UK). It outlines the collaboration between the two artists and the general idea of a film based on the 1917 Robert Walser story “The Walk.” The film was to be made entirely out of found footage and found photographs to create a “choreography of movement images” that would portray an individual consciousness. The proposal describes the overall idea, the deployment of Marey’s nineteenth-century chronophotographic films, the structure and key narrative elements, as well as different observational, analytical, and emotional threads of images. The proposal was submitted to the BFI in April 2012, and an agreement on the use of archive between the BFI and Siobhan Davies Dance Company was first issued in May and signed off in October 2012. The proposal is reproduced here with the permission of the two artists.

The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (EI) and the Big Five factors of personality in two samples of Croatian and Slovenian university students. If EI is to be of significant value, it must measure something unique and distinct from standard personality traits. The Croatian sample consisted of 257 undergraduate students from University of Rijeka and Osijek and in Slovene sample there were 171 undergraduate students from University of Ljubljana. Participants filled out the Emotional Skills and Competences Questionnaire (ESCQ, Takšić, 1998) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI; John, Donahue, & Kentle, 1991). After controlling for nationality and gender, the Big Five explained up to 33% of the variance of EI. For the Perceive and Understand Emotions Scale only openness and extraversion explain important part of the variance; for the Express and Label Emotions Scale extraversion and conscientiousness are important predictors. The Big Five traits are able to explain the highest proportion of the variance in the Manage and Regulate Emotion Scale; neuroticism is the strongest predictor, but extraversion and conscientiousness also predict important part of the variance. Although high, this percentage of explained variance does not put in question the discriminant validity of EI questionnaire.

Base flow indices for low land area from North-Eastern part of Romania are compared, which were calculated with six different separation methods: the local minimum method (LMM), Talaksen filter, Chapman filter, recursive digital filter (RDF) WHAT model and the Ekchardt filter. All filter-based methods indicate a slight increase in BFI values throughout the study period (1981-2013), in agreement with an increase in precipitation levels in the area over the past decades. The correlation matrix between the different values obtained for the BFI indicates that the most appropriate methods for the study area are the Chapman filter and the Eckhardt filter (r=0.98). Both methods suggest the identification of parameters a and BFImax, which, when adjusted for the lowland area of North-Eastern Romania (a=0.925, BFImax=0.7-0.8), indicate that, in the area in question, BFI values exceed 0.5.). This indicates the need for a careful reevaluation of the region from a hydrological point of view, one that takes into account the changes in land use and the numerous hydro-technical works of the past decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mat-forming fungi are common in forest and grassland soils across the world, where their activity contributes to important soil ecological processes. These fungi maintain dominance through aggressive and abundant hyphae that modify their internal physical and chemical environments and through these modifications select for what appears to be a suite of mycophilic bacteria. Here, the bacteria associated with the fungal mats of Leucopaxillus gentianeus and Leucopaxillus albissimus from western North America are compared to adjacent nonmat substrates. Within the mats, the bacterial richness and diversity were significantly reduced, and the community composition was significantly different. The bacterial community structure between the two fungal hosts was marginally significant and indicated a shared set of bacterial associates. The genera Burkholderia , Streptomyces , Bacillus , Paenibacillus , and Mycobacterium were significantly abundant within the fungal mats and represent core members of these hypha-rich environments. Comparison with the literature from fungal mat studies worldwide showed that these genera are common and often significantly found within fungal mats, further reinforcing the concept of a mycophilic bacterial guild. These genera are incorporated into a synthesis discussion in the context of our current understanding of the nature of fungal-bacterial interactions and the potential outcomes of these interactions in soil nutrient cycling, plant productivity, and human health. IMPORTANCE Fungi and bacteria are the most abundant and diverse organisms in soils (perhaps more so than any other habitat on earth), and together these microorganisms contribute to broad soil ecosystem processes. There is a suite of bacteria that appears consistently within the physical space called the hyphosphere, the area of influence surrounding fungal hyphae. How these bacteria are selected for, how they are maintained, and what broader ecological functions they perform are subjects of interest in this relatively new field-the cross-kingdom interactions between fungi and bacteria. Understanding their cooccurrence and their interactions can open new realms of understanding in soil ecological processes with global consequences.

Introduction: There is growing interest in the fields of psychiatry and psychology in investigating the relationship between personality and psychopathology. The Big-5 is a model developed to investigate five personality dimensions: Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness. In the present study, we describe the process of translation into Brazilian Portuguese and adaptation of a free tool to evaluate the Big-5 model: The Big-5 Inventory (BFI). The instrument has 44 items with a Likert response scale ranging from 1 to 5., Objectives: To translate and adapt the BFI into Brazilian Portuguese., Methods: The adaptation was conducted in the following steps: 1) Translation, 2) Evaluation Committee, 3) Back-translation, 4) Pilot study, 5) Evaluation Committee, and 6) Application. The sample comprised 490 participants from various regions of Brazil. The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 71 years, most of them had completed high school (62.9%), and the majority were women (75%)., Results: A model with the following fit indexes was found: χ2/df: 1.954; goodness fit index (GFI): 0.924; comparative fit index (CFI): 0.920; and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA): 0.044., Conclusion: The results are suggestive that the Brazilian version of this instrument has good psychometric properties and represent a cost-free option for investigating associations with the Big-5 in psychiatry., Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest declared concerning the publication of this article.

A folk assumption about colloquial speech is that taboo words are used because speakers cannot find better words with which to express themselves: because speakers lack vocabulary. A competing possibility is that fluency is fluency regardless of subject matter—that there is no reason to propose a difference in lexicon size and ease of access for taboo as opposed to emotionally-neutral words. In order to test these hypotheses, we compared general verbal fluency via the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) with taboo word fluency and animal word fluency in spoken and written formats. Both formats produced positive correlations between COWAT fluency, animal fluency, and taboo word fluency, supporting the fluency-is-fluency hypothesis. In each study, a set of 10 taboo words accounted for 55–60% of all taboo word data. Expressives were generated at higher rates than slurs. There was little sex-related variability in taboo word generation, and, consistent with findings that do not show a sex difference in taboo lexicon size, no overall sex difference in taboo word generation was obtained. Taboo fluency was positively correlated with the Big Five personality traits neuroticism and openness and negatively correlated with agreeableness and conscientiousness. Overall the findings suggest that, with the exception of female-sex-related slurs, taboo expressives and general pejoratives comprise the core of the category of taboo words while slurs tend to occupy the periphery, and the ability to generate taboo language is not an index of overall language poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantifying the relative contributions of different sources of water to a stream hydrograph is important for understanding the hydrology and water quality dynamics of a given watershed. To compare the performance of two methods of hydrograph separation, a graphical program [baseflow index (BFI)] and an end-member mixing analysis that used high-resolution specific conductance measurements (SC-EMMA) were used to estimate daily and average long-term slowflow additions of water to four small, primarily agricultural streams with different dominant sources of water (natural groundwater, overland flow, subsurface drain outflow, and groundwater from irrigation). Because the result of hydrograph separation by SC-EMMA is strongly related to the choice of slowflow and fastflow end-member values, a sensitivity analysis was conducted based on the various approaches reported in the literature to inform the selection of end-members. There were substantial discrepancies among the BFI and SC-EMMA, and neither method produced reasonable results for all four streams. Streams that had a small difference in the SC of slowflow compared with fastflow or did not have a monotonic relationship between streamflow and stream SC posed a challenge to the SC-EMMA method. The utility of the graphical BFI program was limited in the stream that had only gradual changes in streamflow. The results of this comparison suggest that the two methods may be quantifying different sources of water. Even though both methods are easy to apply, they should be applied with consideration of the streamflow and/or SC characteristics of a stream, especially where anthropogenic water sources (irrigation and subsurface drainage) are present. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research suggests that simple structure CFAs of Big Five personality measures fail to accurately reflect the scale’s complex factorial structure, whereas EFAs generally perform better. Another strand of research suggests that acquiescence or uniform response bias masks the scale’s “true” factorial structure. Random Intercept EFA (RI-EFA) captures acquiescence as well as the complex item-factor structure typical for personality measures. It is applied to the NEO-FFI and the BFI scale to test whether an accurate model-to-data fit can be achieved and whether the “clarity” of the factorial structure improves. The results lend confidence in the general effectiveness of RI-EFA whenever acquiescence bias is an issue. Example M plus code is provided for replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current article compares the use of exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) as an alternative to confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) models in personality research. We compare model fit, factor distinctiveness, and criterion associations of factors derived from ESEM and CFA models. In Sample 1 (n = 336) participants completed the NEO-FFI, the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire–Short Form, and the Creative Domains Questionnaire. In Sample 2 (n = 425) participants completed the Big Five Inventory and the depression and anxiety scales of the General Health Questionnaire. ESEM models provided better fit than CFA models, but ESEM solutions did not uniformly meet cutoff criteria for model fit. Factor scores derived from ESEM and CFA models correlated highly (.91 to .99), suggesting the additional factor loadings within the ESEM model add little in defining latent factor content. Lastly, criterion associations of each personality factor in CFA and ESEM models were near identical in both inventories. We provide an example of how ESEM and CFA might be used together in improving personality assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Considering the impact of pandemic condition on mental health and functioning in daily life, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Big Five personality traits, coping strategies and emotional problems such as symptoms of depression and anxiety, during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Specifically, the purpose of this study is to create a model of the impact of coping strategies as mediating factors in the relationship between Big Five personality traits personality traits and emotional problems. For the purposes of this study, a sample of 200 Kosovar respondents was used, where the age of the participants varies from 18 to 54 years. As a result of the pandemic situation created, the method of data collection for this study was done in the form of self-reporting, divided into physical questionnaires and online ones. The BFI Personality Inventory is used to classify Big Five personality traits, the Coping Control Checklist (WCCL) to classify coping strategies, and the Adult Self-Reporting Questionnaire (ASR) used to identify emotional problems. The analysis of the results in this study was done by means of the statistical package of SPSS and R program. After the analysis, it is seen that there is a significant correlation between Big Five personality traits (extraversion and neuroticism) and coping strategies (seeking social support and avoidance), as well as there is a correlation between Big Five personality traits (compliance and neuroticism) and emotional problems (symptoms of anxiety and depression). An association was also found between coping strategies (avoidance) and emotional problems (anxiety symptoms). As for gender differences in experiencing anxiety and depression symptoms and using desired thoughts as coping strategies, it was found that women are more predisposed to experience anxiety symptoms and use desired thoughts than men. The findings highlighted the part that coping strategies are significant mediator factors in the relationship between Big Five personality traits and emotional problems., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)

The purpose of this study was to adapt a Japanese version of the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2-J) to examine its factor structure, reliability, validity, and measurement invariance. The BFI-2-J assesses five domains and 15 facets of the Big Five personality traits. We analyzed two datasets: 487 Japanese undergraduates and 500 Japanese adults. The results of the principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the domain-facet structure of the BFI-2-J was similar to that of other language versions. The reliability of the BFI-2-J is sufficient. The correlation coefficients between the BFI-2-J and the other Big Five and self-esteem measures supported convergent and discriminant validity. Moreover, we confirmed measurement invariance across age and sex groups in domain-level and facet-level models. The results suggest that the BFI-2-J is a good instrument for measuring the Big Five personality traits and their facets in Japan. The BFI-2-J is expected to be useful in Japanese personality research and international comparative research., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Yoshino, Shimotsukasa, Oshio, Hashimoto, Ueno, Mieda, Migiwa, Sato, Kawamoto, Soto and John.)

Highlights: [•] The paper presents a regional investigation of flow duration curves. [•] The investigated region is mainly characterized by an highly fractured geological area and by a Mediterranean climate. [•] Flow duration curve shape is mainly affected by hydro-geological settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The Tarim River is the largest inland river of China and a major water resource to the vast arid region in northwest China. For its four major headstreams, which contribute 98% of the Tarim River’s streamflow, we investigated the dynamics of baseflow in the past 50years. The digital filtering method was used to separate baseflow from surface flow, after which the baseflow index (BFI) was calculated and analyzed. The major findings of this study include (1) Baseflows of the four headstreams have increased considerably over the past 50years. The large baseflow index (BFI) usually occurred in the wet years but the change rate was irregular, because of the increasing recharge from snow and glacial meltwater. (2) The annual baseflow variation of the four headstreams appeared to have cycles of 3–5years, 10–14years, and 25years. (3) The baseflow and BFI showed obvious seasonal variation: The lowest baseflow and BFI typically occurred in December and January, and both increased gradually until the maximums reached in August or July. (4) The responses of runoff and baseflow to climatic factors were different. Precipitation possessed a great impact on runoff, whereas temperature possessed a great impact on baseflow. Baseflow is an important source to the Tarim River, and is affected by the increasing snow and glaciers melt as a result of temperature rise. For the four headstreams, we identified temperature thresholds in the time series of BFI and calculated regression relationships between temperature and BFI in the past 50years. The thresholds and the regression relationships would help to assess and predict the impact of climate change on headwater inflow to the Tarim River. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article offers information on the tool "World Game," proposed by Buckminster Fuller in 1960s, in order to provide a scientific approach to the problems of the world. It states that the word "game" in the name of this tool signifies the Fuller's approach to governance and social problem solving as he wants the tool to be accessible to all. It further provides an overview of the Buckminster Fuller Institute in Santa Barbara, California.

Abstract: Researchers in the Information Systems (IS) field have put considerable effort on identifying how personality affects technology acceptance. This study is a further step towards this direction within the context of Computer Based Assessment (CBA). Particularly, it investigates how the five personality factors affect the most important variables regarding CBA’s acceptance. For this purpose, 117 participants were required to complete a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire included the Big Five Inventory (BFI) questions in order to measure the five personality traits, and 23 items regarding student’s perceptions. Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used to test the measurement and the structural model. Results underline that Neuroticism has significant negative effect on Perceived Usefulness and on Goal Expectancy, Agreeableness determines Social Influence and Perceived Ease of Use, Conscientiousness defines Perceived Ease of Use, while Extroversion and Openness explain Perceived Importance. Important implications of these results are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Different countries have different approaches to the archiving of television for cultural and educational purposes. This article considers the role of the national television archive at a time when technological and structural changes offer both funding threats and digital opportunities, and opens a dialogue on the future approach of the BFI National Archive to questions of selection policy and co-operation with other national institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Celebrating its 75th anniversary in 2010, the BFI National Archive is one of the world's largest collections of film and television. This article is a short exploration of the Archive's television fiction collections and the ways in which they may be accessed by researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Linear regression methods can be used to quantify geological controls on baseflow index (BFI). This is illustrated using an example from the Thames Basin, UK. Two approaches have been adopted. The areal extents of geological classes based on lithostratigraphic and hydrogeological classification schemes have been correlated with BFI for 44 ‘natural’ catchments from the Thames Basin. When regression models are built using lithostratigraphic classes that include a constant term then the model is shown to have some physical meaning and the relative influence of the different geological classes on BFI can be quantified. For example, the regression constants for two such models, 0.64 and 0.69, are consistent with the mean observed BFI (0.65) for the Thames Basin, and the signs and relative magnitudes of the regression coefficients for each of the lithostratigraphic classes are consistent with the hydrogeology of the Basin. In addition, regression coefficients for the lithostratigraphic classes scale linearly with estimates of log10 hydraulic conductivity for each lithological class. When a regression is built using a hydrogeological classification scheme with no constant term, the model does not have any physical meaning, but it has a relatively high adjusted R 2 value and because of the continuous coverage of the hydrogeological classification scheme, the model can be used for predictive purposes. A model calibrated on the 44 ‘natural’ catchments and using four hydrogeological classes (low-permeability surficial deposits, consolidated aquitards, fractured aquifers and intergranular aquifers) is shown to perform as well as a model based on a hydrology of soil types (BFIHOST) scheme in predicting BFI in the Thames Basin. Validation of this model using 110 other ‘variably impacted’ catchments in the Basin shows that there is a correlation between modelled and observed BFI. Where the observed BFI is significantly higher than modelled BFI the deviations can be explained by an exogenous factor, catchment urban area. It is inferred that this is may be due influences from sewage discharge, mains leakage, and leakage from septic tanks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article explores the origins and early development of the National Film Library (NFL) as part of the British Film Institute (BFI) in the mid-1930s. Based on primary archival research papers, this institutional history shows how tensions between educational, preservational and exhibition priorities were played out in the plans for setting up and initial years of operation. Whilst the establishment of national film archives was common to this period in Europe and the United States, they did not share common models or functions. This article details the distinctive financial structures, cultural emphases and educative ideals that conditioned the shape and purposes of the NFL until the mid-1950s. Despite a clear recognition of the importance of a British cinematic heritage, championed by its first curator, Ernest Lindgren, in its early years preservation won out over pedagogy. But Dupin argues, the integration of the Library within the larger institution did lay the foundations for the BFI's more proactive role in the field of film appreciation in subsequent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low flow indices are of interest for a number of water-related applications. Conventionally, low flow indices are derived from continuous streamflow data; however, these data may not always be available for analysis. A number of techniques have therefore been developed for low flow estimation in ungauged catchments. These approaches vary in complexity and in the amount of initial data required to generate the low flow model. In the UK, software is available which assists in low flow estimation for ungauged catchments. However, certain desktop studies only require a simple evaluation of low flows, with specific low flow indices, such as the Q95 index, being of interest. In this case, the use of such software may not be justified or required in the first instance. This paper demonstrates that a simple regression model is adequate for low flow estimation for multisite analysis where the order magnitude of the low flow index is of importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]