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51. Ultraintense Laser-Produced Fast-Electron Propagation in Gas Jets

Author

Batani, D., primary, Baton, S. D., additional, Manclossi, M., additional, Santos, J. J., additional, Amiranoff, F., additional, Koenig, M., additional, Martinolli, E., additional, Antonicci, A., additional, Rousseaux, C., additional, Le Gloahec, M. Rabec, additional, Hall, T., additional, Malka, V., additional, Cowan, T. E., additional, King, J., additional, Freeman, R. R., additional, Key, M., additional, and Stephens, R., additional

Published
2005
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53. Kαfluorescence measurement of relativistic electron transport in the context of fast ignition

Author

Stephens, R. B., primary, Snavely, R. A., additional, Aglitskiy, Y., additional, Amiranoff, F., additional, Andersen, C., additional, Batani, D., additional, Baton, S. D., additional, Cowan, T., additional, Freeman, R. R., additional, Hall, T., additional, Hatchett, S. P., additional, Hill, J. M., additional, Key, M. H., additional, King, J. A., additional, Koch, J. A., additional, Koenig, M., additional, MacKinnon, A. J., additional, Lancaster, K. L., additional, Martinolli, E., additional, Norreys, P., additional, Perelli-Cippo, E., additional, Rabec Le Gloahec, M., additional, Rousseaux, C., additional, Santos, J. J., additional, and Scianitti, F., additional

Published
2004
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54. Evidence of Ultrashort Electron Bunches in Laser-Plasma Interactions at Relativistic Intensities

Author

Baton, S. D., primary, Santos, J. J., additional, Amiranoff, F., additional, Popescu, H., additional, Gremillet, L., additional, Koenig, M., additional, Martinolli, E., additional, Guilbaud, O., additional, Rousseaux, C., additional, Rabec Le Gloahec, M., additional, Hall, T., additional, Batani, D., additional, Perelli, E., additional, Scianitti, F., additional, and Cowan, T. E., additional

Published
2003
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57. Propagation In Matter Of Currents Of Relativistic Electrons Beyond The Alfven Limit, Produced In Ultra-High-Intensity Short-Pulse Laser-Matter Interactions.

Author

Batani, D., Baton, S. D., Manclossi, M., Amiranoff, F., Koenig, M., Santos, J. J., Martinolli, E., Gremillet, L., Popescu, H., Antonicci, A., Rousseaux, C., Rabec Le Gloahec, M., Hall, T., Malka, V., Cowan, T. E., Stephens, R., Key, M., King, J., and Freeman, R.

Subjects
*LASER beams, *ULTRASHORT laser pulses, *PARTICLES (Nuclear physics), *PHYSICS, *ELECTRONS, *MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves
Abstract

This paper reports the results of several experiments performed at the LULI laboratory (Palaiseau, France) concerning the propagation of large relativistic currents in matter from ultra-high-intensity laser pulse interaction with target. We present our results according to the type of diagnostics used in the experiments: 1) Kα emission and Kα imaging, 2) study of target rear side emission in the visible region, 3) time resolved optical shadowgraphy. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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58. High energy electron transport in solids

Author

Stephens, R. B., Snavely, R. P.J., Aglitskii, Y., Akli, K. U., Amiranoff, F., Andersen, C., Batani, D., Baton, S. D., Cowan, T., Freeman, R. R., Green, J. S., Habara, H., Hall, T., Hatchett, S. P., Hey, D. S., Hill, J. M., Kaae, J. L., Key, M. H., King, J. A., Koch, J. A., Kodama, R., Koenig, M., Krushelnick, K., Lancaster, K. L., MacKinnon, A. J., Martinolli, E., Murphy, C. D., Nakatsutsumi, M., Norreys, P., Perelli-Cippo, E., Rabec Le Gloahec, M., Remington, B., Rousseaux, C., Santos, J. J., Scianitti, F., Stoeckl, C., Tabak, M., Tanaka, K. A., Theobald, W., Town, R., Yabuuchi, T., Zhang, B., Stephens, R. B., Snavely, R. P.J., Aglitskii, Y., Akli, K. U., Amiranoff, F., Andersen, C., Batani, D., Baton, S. D., Cowan, T., Freeman, R. R., Green, J. S., Habara, H., Hall, T., Hatchett, S. P., Hey, D. S., Hill, J. M., Kaae, J. L., Key, M. H., King, J. A., Koch, J. A., Kodama, R., Koenig, M., Krushelnick, K., Lancaster, K. L., MacKinnon, A. J., Martinolli, E., Murphy, C. D., Nakatsutsumi, M., Norreys, P., Perelli-Cippo, E., Rabec Le Gloahec, M., Remington, B., Rousseaux, C., Santos, J. J., Scianitti, F., Stoeckl, C., Tabak, M., Tanaka, K. A., Theobald, W., Town, R., Yabuuchi, T., and Zhang, B.

Abstract

With the addition of recent PW shots, the propagation of short-pulse laser generated electron beams have been studied using laser pulse energies from 30 J to 300 J, generating currents up to ∼15 MA in solid Al:Cu targets. This is ∼5% of the current that will be required in an ignition pulse. To this level, the current appears to simply scale with laser power, the propagation spread not change at all. The resistance of the aluminum does not seem to play a role in the propagation characteristics, though it might in setting the current starting parameters. We do find that at the highest currents parts of these targets reach temperatures high enough to modify the Cu-K$_{\alpha }$emission spectrum rendering our Bragg imaging mirrors ineffective; spectrometers will be needed to collect data at these higher temperatures.

Published
2006
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59. Study of the propagation of ultra-intense laser-produced fast electrons in gas jets

Author

Batani, D., Manclossi, M., Piazza, D., Baton, S. D., Benuzzi-Mounaix, A., Koenig, M., Popescu, H., Amiranoff, F., Rabec Le Gloahec, M., Rousseaux, C., Borghesi, M., Cecchetti, C., Batani, D., Manclossi, M., Piazza, D., Baton, S. D., Benuzzi-Mounaix, A., Koenig, M., Popescu, H., Amiranoff, F., Rabec Le Gloahec, M., Rousseaux, C., Borghesi, M., and Cecchetti, C.

Abstract

We present the results of some recent experiments performed at the LULI laboratory using the 100 TW laser facility concerning the study of the propagation of fast electrons in gas targets. Novel diagnostics have been implemented including chirped shadowgraphy and proton radiography. Proton radiography images did show the presence of very strong fields in the gas probably produced by charge separation. In turn, these imply a slowing down of the fast electron cloud as it penetrates in the gas, and a strong inhibition of propagation. Indeed chirped shadowgraphy images show a strong reduction of the electron cloud velocity from the initial value close to a fraction of c.

Published
2006
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60. Behaviour of fast electron transport in solid targets

Author

Koenig, M., Baton, S. D., Benuzzi-Mounaix, A., Fuchs, J., Loupias, B., Guillou, P., Batani, D., Morace, A., Piazza, D., Kodama, R., Norimatsu, T., Nakatsutsumi, M., Aglitskiy, Y., Rousseaux, C., Koenig, M., Baton, S. D., Benuzzi-Mounaix, A., Fuchs, J., Loupias, B., Guillou, P., Batani, D., Morace, A., Piazza, D., Kodama, R., Norimatsu, T., Nakatsutsumi, M., Aglitskiy, Y., and Rousseaux, C.

Abstract

One of the main issues of the fast ignitor scheme is the role of fast electron transport in the solid fuel heating. Recent experiments used a new target scheme based on the use of cone to guide the PW laser and enhance the electron production. In this context it is fundamental to understand the physics underlying this new target scheme. We report here recent and preliminary results of ultra-intense laser pulse interaction with three layer targets in presence of the cone or without. Experiments have been performed at LULI with the 100 TW laser facility, at intensities up to 3 1019W/cm2. Several diagnostics have been implemented (2D Kαimaging, Kαspectroscopy and rear side imaging, protons emission) to quantify the cone effect.

Published
2006
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61. Transient development of SRS and SBS in ps-time scale by using sub-ps Thomson diagnostic

Author

Rousseaux, C., Casanova, M., Gremillet, L., Loiseau, P., Rabec Le Gloahec, M., Baton, S. D., Amiranoff, F., Audebert, P., Popescu, H., Adam, J. C., Héron, A., Hüller, S., Mora, P., Pesme, D., Rousseaux, C., Casanova, M., Gremillet, L., Loiseau, P., Rabec Le Gloahec, M., Baton, S. D., Amiranoff, F., Audebert, P., Popescu, H., Adam, J. C., Héron, A., Hüller, S., Mora, P., and Pesme, D.

Abstract

The control of parametric instabilities in large plasmas remains a challenge for the ICF program. Clearly, kinetic effects play an important role in the saturation mechanisms. Sub-picosecond Thomson analysis associated with short pulse interaction permits to explore these topics. A set of experiments have been performed in preformed, He plasmas using the 100-TW laser facility at LULI. The spectra of the electrostatic waves driven by stimulated Raman and Brillouin backscatterings generated in the 1.5 ps, ${\rm \omega} $laser interaction have been measured with 0.3 ps time-resolution by using a short Thomson probe. Additionally, space-resolved and k-resolved spectra have been obtained. The experiments show that the fastest instability -B-SRS- first develops in the rising part of the pump. The B-SBS-driven IAW grows more slowly. B-SRS then abruptly vanishes around the maximum of the pump, while the IAW can be detected tens of picoseconds after the pump, allowing direct measurement of the IAW damping. The EPW k-spectra show that the EPW dispersion relation significantly deviates from the standard one. They exhibit a k-feature which could be related to the presence of a hot electron population produced in the B-SRS saturation process.

Published
2006
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62. Generation and Transport of Fast Electrons in Laser Irradiated Targets at Relativistic Intensities.

Author

Amiranoff, F., Baton, S. D., Gremillet, L., Guilbaud, O., Koenig, M., Martinolli, E., Santos, J. J., Le Gloahec, M. Rabec, Rousseaux, C., Hall, T., Batani, D., Bernardinello, A., Greison, G., Perelli, E., Scianitti, F., Key, M. H., Koch, J. A., Mackinnon, A. J., Freeman, R. R., and Snavely, R.A.

Subjects
*ULTRASHORT laser pulses, *IRRADIATION, *ELECTRON accelerators
Abstract

The transport of relativistic electrons in solid targets irradiated by a short laser pulse at relativistic intensities has been studied both experimentally and numerically. A Monte-Carlo collision code takes into account individual collisions with the ions and electrons in the target. A 3D-hybrid code takes into account these collisions as well as the generation of electric and magnetic fields and the self-consistent motion of the electrons in these fields. It predicts a magnetic guiding of a fraction of the fast electron current over long distances and a localized heating of the material along the propagation axis. In experiments performed at LULI on the 100 TW laser facility, several diagnostics have been implemented to diagnose the geometry of the fast electron transport and the target heating. The typical conditions were: E[SUBl] ≤ 20 J, &lembda; = 1 μm, τ ≈ 300 fs, I &aysmp; 10[SUP18]-5.10[SUP19]W/cm[SUP2]. The results indicate a modest heating of the target (typically 20-40 eV over 20 μm to 50 μm), consistent with an acceleration of the electrons inside a wide aperture cone along the laser axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002

64. Strong self-focusing in quasi-stationary laser plasmas

Author

Malka, V., primary, Galloudec, N. Renard-Le, additional, Hüller, S., additional, Pesme, D., additional, Amiranoff, F., additional, Baton, S. D., additional, Modena, A., additional, Mounaix, Ph., additional, Rousseaux, C., additional, and Salvati, M., additional

Published
2000
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65. Time-Resolved Observation of Ultrahigh Intensity Laser-Produced Electron Jets Propagating through Transparent Solid Targets

Author

Gremillet, L., primary, Amiranoff, F., additional, Baton, S. D., additional, Gauthier, J.-C., additional, Koenig, M., additional, Martinolli, E., additional, Pisani, F., additional, Bonnaud, G., additional, Lebourg, C., additional, Rousseaux, C., additional, Toupin, C., additional, Antonicci, A., additional, Batani, D., additional, Bernardinello, A., additional, Hall, T., additional, Scott, D., additional, Norreys, P., additional, Bandulet, H., additional, and Pépin, H., additional

Published
1999
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66. Experimental study of laser penetration in overdense plasmas at relativistic intensities. II: Explosion of thin foils by laser driven fast electrons

Author

Fuchs, J., primary, Adam, J. C., additional, Amiranoff, F., additional, Baton, S. D., additional, Blanchot, N., additional, Gallant, P., additional, Gremillet, L., additional, Héron, A., additional, Kieffer, J. C., additional, Laval, G., additional, Malka, G., additional, Miquel, J., additional, Mora, P., additional, Pépin, H., additional, and Rousseaux, C., additional

Published
1999
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67. Experimental study of laser penetration in overdense plasmas at relativistic intensities. I: Hole boring through preformed plasmas layers

Author

Fuchs, J., primary, Adam, J. C., additional, Amiranoff, F., additional, Baton, S. D., additional, Blanchot, N., additional, Gallant, P., additional, Gremillet, L., additional, Héron, A., additional, Kieffer, J. C., additional, Laval, G., additional, Malka, G., additional, Miquel, J. L., additional, Mora, P., additional, Pépin, H., additional, and Rousseaux, C., additional

Published
1999
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68. Fuchset al.Reply

Author

Fuchs, J., primary, Malka, G., additional, Adam, J. C., additional, Amiranoff, F., additional, Baton, S. D., additional, Blanchot, N., additional, Héron, A., additional, Laval, G., additional, Miquel, J. L., additional, Mora, P., additional, Pépin, H., additional, and Rousseaux, C., additional

Published
1998
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70. Transmission through Highly Overdense Plasma Slabs with a Subpicosecond Relativistic Laser Pulse

Author

Fuchs, J., primary, Adam, J. C., additional, Amiranoff, F., additional, Baton, S. D., additional, Gallant, P., additional, Gremillet, L., additional, Héron, A., additional, Kieffer, J. C., additional, Laval, G., additional, Malka, G., additional, Miquel, J. L., additional, Mora, P., additional, Pépin, H., additional, and Rousseaux, C., additional

Published
1998
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75. Large-Amplitude Ion Acoustic Waves in a Laser-Produced Plasma

Author

Labaune, C., primary, Baldis, H. A., additional, Renard, N., additional, Schifano, E., additional, Baton, S. D., additional, Michard, A., additional, Seka, W., additional, Bahr, R. E., additional, Bauer, B. S., additional, Baker, K., additional, and Estabrook, K., additional

Published
1995
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81. Subfemtosecond, coherent, relativistic, and ballistic electron bunches generated at ω0 and 2ω0 in high intensity laser-matter interaction.

Author

Popescu, H., Baton, S. D., Amiranoff, F., Rousseaux, C., Le Gloahec, M. Rabec, Santos, J. J., Gremillet, L., Koenig, M., Martinolli, E., Hall, T., Adam, J. C., Heron, A., and Batani, D.

Subjects
*LASER beams, *CATHODE rays, *ULTRASHORT laser pulses, *IRRADIATION, *COHERENCE (Physics), *RELATIVISTIC kinematics, *FEMTOCHEMISTRY
Abstract

Harmonics of the laser light have been observed from the rear side of solid targets irradiated by a laser beam at relativistic intensities. This emission evidences the acceleration of subfemtosecond electron bunches by the laser pulse in front of the target. These bunches emit coherent transition radiation (CTR) when passing through the back surface of the target. The spectral features of the signal recorded for targets of thicknesses up to several hundred microns are consistent with the electrons being accelerated by both the laser electric field—via vacuum heating and/or resonance absorption,—and the v×B component of the Lorentz force. The spatial study of the radiation shows that the relativistic electrons causing the CTR radiation are coherent and propagate ballistically through the target, originating from a source with a size of the order of the laser focal spot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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83. Experimental characterization of fast electron stopping power in dense media ranging from solid to warm and dense matter

Author

Santos, J. J., Hulin, S., Vauzour, B., Vaisseau, X., Batani, D., Bouilleaud, R., Deneuville, F., Dorchies, F., Feugeas, J. -L, Fourment, C., D Humières, E., Nicolai, Ph, Tikhonchuk, V. T., Michael Touati, Debayle, A., Honrubia, J. J., Gremillet, L., Ceccotti, T., Floquet, V., Benocci, R., Morace, A., Veltcheva, M., Volpe, L., Baton, S. D., Pérez, F., Schlenvoigt, H. -P, Yahia, V., Beg, F. N., Chawla, S., Jarrot, L. C., Peebles, J., Sawada, H., Sorokovikova, A., Wei, M., Fedosejevs, R., Kerr, S., Coury, M., Gray, R., Mckenna, P., Li, K., Davies, J. R., Rhee, Y., Mclean, H., Patel, P., Santos, J, Hulin, S, Vauzour, B, Vaisseau, X, Batani, D, Bouilleaud, R, Deneuville, F, Dorchies, F, Feugeas, J, Fourment, C, D'Humieres, E, Nicolai, P, Tikhonchuk, V, Touati, M, Debayle, A, Honrubia, J, Gremillet, L, Ceccotti, T, Floquet, V, Benocci, R, Morace, A, Veltcheva, M, Volpe, L, Baton, S, Perez, F, Schlenvoigt, H, Yahia, V, Beg, F, Chawla, S, Jarrot, L, Peebles, J, Sawada, H, Sorokovikova, A, Wei, M, Fedosejevs, R, Kerr, S, Coury, M, Gray, R, Mckenna, P, Li, K, Davies, J, Rhee, Y, Mclean, H, and Patel, P

Subjects
Electron stopping power, warm dense matter

84. Studies of electron transport and isochoric heating and their applicability to fast ignition

Author

Key, M. H., Amiranoff, F., Andersen, C., Batani, D., Baton, S. D., Cowan, T., Fisch, N., Freeman, R., Gremillet, L., Hall, T., Hatchett, S., Hill, J., King, J., Kodama, R., Koch, J., Koenig, M., Lasinski, B., Langdon, B., Mackinnon, A., Martinolli, E., Norreys, P., Parks, P., Perelli-Cippo, E., Rabec Le Gloahec, M., Rosenbluth, M., Rousseaux, C., Santon, J. J., Scianitti, F., Snavely, R., Tabak, M., Tanaka, K., Town, R., Tsutumi, T., and Richard Stephens

Abstract

Experimental measurements of electron transport and isochoric heating in 100 J, 1 ps laser irradiation of solid Al targets are presented. Modeling with a hybrid PIC code is compared with the data and good agreement is obtained using a heuristic model for the electron injection. The relevance for fast ignition is discussed.

85. Single-shot divergence measurements of a laser-generated relativistic electron beam

Author

Perez, F., Baton, S. D., Koenig, M., Chen, C. D., Hey, D., Key, M. H., Pape, S. Le, Ma, T., McLean, H. S., MacPhee, A. G., Patel, P. K., Ping, Y., Beg, F. N., Higginson, D. P., Murphy, C. W., Sawada, H., Westover, B., Yabuuchi, T., Akli, K. U., Giraldez, E., Hoppe, M. Jr., Shearer, C., Stephens, R. B., Gremillet, L., Lefebvre, E., Freeman, R. R., Kemp, G. E., Krygier, A. G., Woerkom, L. D. Van, Fedosejevs, R., Friesen, R. H., Tsui, Y. Y., Turnbull, D., Perez, F., Baton, S. D., Koenig, M., Chen, C. D., Hey, D., Key, M. H., Pape, S. Le, Ma, T., McLean, H. S., MacPhee, A. G., Patel, P. K., Ping, Y., Beg, F. N., Higginson, D. P., Murphy, C. W., Sawada, H., Westover, B., Yabuuchi, T., Akli, K. U., Giraldez, E., Hoppe, M. Jr., Shearer, C., Stephens, R. B., Gremillet, L., Lefebvre, E., Freeman, R. R., Kemp, G. E., Krygier, A. G., Woerkom, L. D. Van, Fedosejevs, R., Friesen, R. H., Tsui, Y. Y., and Turnbull, D.

Abstract

Copyright 2010 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Physics of Plasmas, 17(11), 113106_1-113106_7, 2010 and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3514595

86. Single-shot divergence measurements of a laser-generated relativistic electron beam

Author

Perez, F., Baton, S. D., Koenig, M., Chen, C. D., Hey, D., Key, M. H., Pape, S. Le, Ma, T., McLean, H. S., MacPhee, A. G., Patel, P. K., Ping, Y., Beg, F. N., Higginson, D. P., Murphy, C. W., Sawada, H., Westover, B., Yabuuchi, T., Akli, K. U., Giraldez, E., Hoppe, M. Jr., Shearer, C., Stephens, R. B., Gremillet, L., Lefebvre, E., Freeman, R. R., Kemp, G. E., Krygier, A. G., Woerkom, L. D. Van, Fedosejevs, R., Friesen, R. H., Tsui, Y. Y., Turnbull, D., Perez, F., Baton, S. D., Koenig, M., Chen, C. D., Hey, D., Key, M. H., Pape, S. Le, Ma, T., McLean, H. S., MacPhee, A. G., Patel, P. K., Ping, Y., Beg, F. N., Higginson, D. P., Murphy, C. W., Sawada, H., Westover, B., Yabuuchi, T., Akli, K. U., Giraldez, E., Hoppe, M. Jr., Shearer, C., Stephens, R. B., Gremillet, L., Lefebvre, E., Freeman, R. R., Kemp, G. E., Krygier, A. G., Woerkom, L. D. Van, Fedosejevs, R., Friesen, R. H., Tsui, Y. Y., and Turnbull, D.

Abstract

Copyright 2010 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Physics of Plasmas, 17(11), 113106_1-113106_7, 2010 and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3514595

88. Controlling Fast-Electron-Beam Divergence Using Two Laser Pulses.

Author

Scot, R. H. H., Beaucourt, C., Schienvoigt, H.-P., Markey, K., Lancaster, K. L., Ridgers, C. P., Brenner, C. M., Pasley, J., Gray, R. J., Musgrave, I. O., Robinson, A. P. L., Li, K., Notley, M. M., Davies, J. R., Baton, S. D., Santos, J. J., Feugeas, J.-L., Nicolaï, Ph., Malka, G., and Tikhonchuk, V. T.

Subjects
*ELECTRON beams, *LASER pulses, *PHYSICS experiments, *MAGNETIC fields, *CURRENT density (Electromagnetism), *COMPARATIVE studies
Abstract

This Letter describes the first experimental demonstration of the guiding of a relativistic electron beam in a solid target using two colinear, relativistically intense, picosecond laser pulses. The first pulse creates a magnetic field that guides the higher-current, fast-electron beam generated by the second pulse. The effects of intensity ratio, delay, total energy, and intrinsic prepulse are examined. Thermal and Ka imaging show reduced emission size, increased peak emission, and increased total emission at delays of 4-6 ps, an intensity ratio of 10:1 (second:first) and a total energy of 186 J. In comparison to a single, high-contrast shot, the inferred fast-electron divergence is reduced by 2.7 times, while the fast-electron current density is increased by a factor of 1.8. The enhancements are reproduced with modeling and are shown to be due to the self-generation of magnetic fields. Such a scheme could be of considerable benefit to fast-ignition inertial fusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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89. K(alpha) fluorescence measurement of relativistic electron transport in the context of fast ignition.

Author

Stephens RB, Snavely RA, Aglitskiy Y, Amiranoff F, Andersen C, Batani D, Baton SD, Cowan T, Freeman RR, Hall T, Hatchett SP, Hill JM, Key MH, King JA, Koch JA, Koenig M, MacKinnon AJ, Lancaster KL, Martinolli E, Norreys P, Perelli-Cippo E, Rabec Le Gloahec M, Rousseaux C, Santos JJ, and Scianitti F

Abstract

Electron transport within solid targets, irradiated by a high-intensity short-pulse laser, has been measured by imaging K(alpha) radiation from high- Z layers (Cu, Ti) buried in low- Z (CH, Al) foils. Although the laser spot is approximately 10 microm [full width at half maximum (FWHM)], the electron beam spreads to > or =70 microm FWHM within <20 microm of penetration into an Al target then, at depths >100 microm, diverges with a 40 degree spreading angle. Monte Carlo and analytic models are compared to our data. We find that a Monte Carlo model with a heuristic model for the electron injection gives a reasonable fit with our data.

Published
2004
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