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Continuant à diminuer régulièrement depuis le début du siècle dernier, le risque de décéder avant l’âge d’un an atteint aujourd’hui en France un niveau remarquablement bas. De 8,3 pour mille en 1985, le taux de mortalité infantile se serait aujourd’hui réduit presque de moitié selon les estimations (provisoires) les plus récentes de l’Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (Insee) qui fournit un chiffre de 4,3 pour mille en 2002 (Doisneau, 2003). Cette progression s’est...

Hommes et femmes ont-ils des vies de couple et une histoire parentale semblables ? Quels sont les principaux changements en matière de formation des couples et de fécondité ces dernières années ? Quel est l’impact d’une mesure de politique familiale sur l’activité des femmes ? La part des familles monoparentales ou recomposées progresse-t-elle ? Quelle histoire familiale pour ceux qui ont dépassé 50 ans ? Comment, au sein des familles, mesurer le veuvage, l’orphelinage et le décès des jeunes enfants ? Quel accès les enfants d’immigrés ont-ils au marché du travail ? Comment s’opère la transmission familiale des langues ? Telles sont quelques-unes des questions abordées dans cet ouvrage de référence qui réunit plus d’une trentaine de recherches et met en relief toute la richesse de l’enquête "Étude de l’histoire familiale", dite encore "enquête Famille", de 1999. Avec des éclairages divers et des thèses très nouvelles Histoires de familles, histoires familiales constitue un outil précieux à toute personne, chercheur, étudiant ou grand public, s’intéressant aux évolutions de la famille en France.

On 1 January 2022, the population of France was 67.8 million, 187,000 more than on 1 January 2021. Numbers of births, abortions, and marriages in 2021 were higher than in 2020 but did not return to the levels observed before the COVID-19 pandemic (2019). Mortality followed a similar pattern, with an improvement in 2021, but not a return to pre-crisis levels. In 2021, France was one of nine countries in EU-27 with positive natural population increase, although net migration made a larger contribution to demographic growth. The French population is still growing, therefore, but more slowly than before the pandemic. In 2020, admissions of third-country nationals with a residence permit fell sharply due to the health crisis. Admissions for employment reasons decreased most markedly. Inflows were concentrated in the Paris region (Île-de-France). In 2021, the total fertility rate increased very slightly (1.83 children per woman) due mainly to an increase in rates at ages 30–39, with an age profile that varies across regions. The number of abortions remained stable between 2020 and 2021, but the share of medical abortions is increasing each year (77% in 2021), above all those managed in non-hospital settings. There are large geographical disparities, however, due to inequalities in care provision at local level. The upturn in marriages in 2021 only partially made up for those that could not be celebrated in 2020. PACS unions outnumbered marriages for the first time in 2020. Marriages are more frequent in eastern France, and PACS civil unions along the Atlantic coast and in the south-west. While lower than in 2020, the number of deaths remained high in 2021. Life expectancy in 2021 was still 4.6 months lower than in 2019 for men, and 1.4 months lower for women. Estimated excess mortality was 6.3% in 2021, after reaching 7.5% in 2020. The most affected regions are not necessarily those where mortality was initially high.

We estimated COVID-19 mortality rates and the number of years of life lost to the virus during each of the three epidemic waves in 2020 for all US counties grouped into five socioeconomic categories, using preliminary data from the Johns Hopkins University and from the Centers for Disease Control. Our results demonstrate clear inequalities in COVID-19 mortality emerging throughout the course of the epidemic. During March-May 2020, COVID-19 mortality was highest in the quintile of counties most socioeconomically advantaged and lowest in the two most disadvantaged quintiles but the pattern reversed during June-August and widened substantially by September-December, such that COVID-19 mortality rates were three times higher in the bottom quintile of counties than in the top quintile. Similarly, an increasingly clear gradient of years of life lost (YLL) to COVID-19 by socioeconomic quintile emerged through 2020. The population in the top socioeconomic quintile would have lost 2.52 years if the mortality conditions of March through May had persisted throughout the entire year, 1.13 years under the conditions of June-August, and 1.33 years under those of September-December. The corresponding figures for the bottom (least affluent) quintile would have been 1.20, 1.64 and 2.15 years.

The COVID-19 pandemic is characterized by a succession of waves which developed differently over time and space. Comparing the demographic characteristics of people who died during these different waves across various countries could provide valuable insights into the efficiency of the health measures implemented by the governments. However, such comparisons are not so straightforward given the heterogeneity of available data between countries/data sources. In a recently published paper, we discussed a number of issues to take into consideration when carrying out international comparisons of COVID-19 mortality. These issues were illustrated with concrete examples, using data from the “Demography of COVID-19 deaths” database for the first phase of the epidemic. The purpose of the present paper is to extend those analyses to the second and third waves, especially in those countries with comparable death counts. Further analyses will answer the following questions: How did mortality change from one wave to the next? Were age patterns modified? Was there convergence between male and female mortality? For which ages? Can these changes be explained by health policies and, for the most recent, vaccination ? Some preliminary results are included in this extended abstract.

Since the start of the pandemic, “The Demography of COVID-19 Deaths” database (dc-covid.site.ined.fr/en) aims at providing COVID-19 related death counts along with well-documented metadata. The targeted audience is the research community and beyond (e.g., policy-makers, journalists). As of mid-May 2021, the database contains daily cumulative death counts attributable to COVID-19 reported by 19 countries in Europe and beyond, and updated weekly. Data are broken down by sex and age and, when possible, by place and date of occurrence of the death. Data documentation includes detailed descriptions of the sources and points out issues of quality and coverage of the data. Through this information, it is possible to assess data inconsistencies hampering comparability over time and/or across countries. In particular, the database webpages point out seven data-related issues to take into account for accurate cross-country comparisons of the pandemic. Compared to other databases on the same topic, the strength of “The Demography of COVID-19 Deaths” database is to provide high-quality data and metadata through a rigorous process of data collection. The poster describes the approach and content of the database with the purpose of promoting its usage.