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51. Measurement of the Spectral Shape of the β-Decay of ^{137}Xe to the Ground State of ^{137}Cs in EXO-200 and Comparison with Theory.

Author

Al Kharusi S, Anton G, Badhrees I, Barbeau PS, Beck D, Belov V, Bhatta T, Breidenbach M, Brunner T, Cao GF, Cen WR, Chambers C, Cleveland B, Coon M, Craycraft A, Daniels T, Darroch L, Daugherty SJ, Davis J, Delaquis S, Der Mesrobian-Kabakian A, DeVoe R, Dilling J, Dolgolenko A, Dolinski MJ, Echevers J, Fairbank W, Fairbank D, Farine J, Feyzbakhsh S, Fierlinger P, Fudenberg D, Gautam P, Gornea R, Gratta G, Hall C, Hansen EV, Hoessl J, Hufschmidt P, Hughes M, Iverson A, Jamil A, Jessiman C, Jewell MJ, Johnson A, Karelin A, Kaufman LJ, Koffas T, Kostensalo J, Krücken R, Kuchenkov A, Kumar KS, Lan Y, Larson A, Lenardo BG, Leonard DS, Li GS, Li S, Li Z, Licciardi C, Lin YH, MacLellan R, McElroy T, Michel T, Mong B, Moore DC, Murray K, Nakarmi P, Njoya O, Nusair O, Odian A, Ostrovskiy I, Piepke A, Pocar A, Retière F, Robinson AL, Rowson PC, Ruddell D, Runge J, Schmidt S, Sinclair D, Skarpaas K, Soma AK, Stekhanov V, Suhonen J, Tarka M, Thibado S, Todd J, Tolba T, Totev TI, Tsang R, Veenstra B, Veeraraghavan V, Vogel P, Vuilleumier JL, Wagenpfeil M, Watkins J, Weber M, Wen LJ, Wichoski U, Wrede G, Wu SX, Xia Q, Yahne DR, Yang L, Yen YR, Zeldovich OY, and Ziegler T

Abstract

We report on a comparison between the theoretically predicted and experimentally measured spectra of the first-forbidden nonunique β-decay transition ^{137}Xe(7/2^{-})→^{137}Cs(7/2^{+}). The experimental data were acquired by the EXO-200 experiment during a deployment of an AmBe neutron source. The ultralow background environment of EXO-200, together with dedicated source deployment and analysis procedures, allowed for collection of a pure sample of the decays, with an estimated signal to background ratio of more than 99 to 1 in the energy range from 1075 to 4175 keV. In addition to providing a rare and accurate measurement of the first-forbidden nonunique β-decay shape, this work constitutes a novel test of the calculated electron spectral shapes in the context of the reactor antineutrino anomaly and spectral bump.

Published
2020
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52. Search for Neutrinoless Double-β Decay with the Complete EXO-200 Dataset.

Author

Anton G, Badhrees I, Barbeau PS, Beck D, Belov V, Bhatta T, Breidenbach M, Brunner T, Cao GF, Cen WR, Chambers C, Cleveland B, Coon M, Craycraft A, Daniels T, Danilov M, Darroch L, Daugherty SJ, Davis J, Delaquis S, Der Mesrobian-Kabakian A, DeVoe R, Dilling J, Dolgolenko A, Dolinski MJ, Echevers J, Fairbank W, Fairbank D, Farine J, Feyzbakhsh S, Fierlinger P, Fudenberg D, Gautam P, Gornea R, Gratta G, Hall C, Hansen EV, Hoessl J, Hufschmidt P, Hughes M, Iverson A, Jamil A, Jessiman C, Jewell MJ, Johnson A, Karelin A, Kaufman LJ, Koffas T, Krücken R, Kuchenkov A, Kumar KS, Lan Y, Larson A, Lenardo BG, Leonard DS, Li GS, Li S, Li Z, Licciardi C, Lin YH, MacLellan R, McElroy T, Michel T, Mong B, Moore DC, Murray K, Njoya O, Nusair O, Odian A, Ostrovskiy I, Piepke A, Pocar A, Retière F, Robinson AL, Rowson PC, Ruddell D, Runge J, Schmidt S, Sinclair D, Soma AK, Stekhanov V, Tarka M, Todd J, Tolba T, Totev TI, Veenstra B, Veeraraghavan V, Vogel P, Vuilleumier JL, Wagenpfeil M, Watkins J, Weber M, Wen LJ, Wichoski U, Wrede G, Wu SX, Xia Q, Yahne DR, Yang L, Yen YR, Zeldovich OY, and Ziegler T

Abstract

A search for neutrinoless double-β decay (0νββ) in ^{136}Xe is performed with the full EXO-200 dataset using a deep neural network to discriminate between 0νββ and background events. Relative to previous analyses, the signal detection efficiency has been raised from 80.8% to 96.4±3.0%, and the energy resolution of the detector at the Q value of ^{136}Xe 0νββ has been improved from σ/E=1.23% to 1.15±0.02% with the upgraded detector. Accounting for the new data, the median 90% confidence level 0νββ half-life sensitivity for this analysis is 5.0×10^{25}  yr with a total ^{136}Xe exposure of 234.1 kg yr. No statistically significant evidence for 0νββ is observed, leading to a lower limit on the 0νββ half-life of 3.5×10^{25}  yr at the 90% confidence level.

Published
2019
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53. Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay with the Upgraded EXO-200 Detector.

Author

Albert JB, Anton G, Badhrees I, Barbeau PS, Bayerlein R, Beck D, Belov V, Breidenbach M, Brunner T, Cao GF, Cen WR, Chambers C, Cleveland B, Coon M, Craycraft A, Cree W, Daniels T, Danilov M, Daugherty SJ, Daughhetee J, Davis J, Delaquis S, Der Mesrobian-Kabakian A, DeVoe R, Didberidze T, Dilling J, Dolgolenko A, Dolinski MJ, Fairbank W, Farine J, Feyzbakhsh S, Fierlinger P, Fudenberg D, Gornea R, Graham K, Gratta G, Hall C, Hansen EV, Hoessl J, Hufschmidt P, Hughes M, Jamil A, Jewell MJ, Johnson A, Johnston S, Karelin A, Kaufman LJ, Koffas T, Kravitz S, Krücken R, Kuchenkov A, Kumar KS, Lan Y, Leonard DS, Li GS, Li S, Licciardi C, Lin YH, MacLellan R, Michel T, Mong B, Moore D, Murray K, Nelson R, Njoya O, Odian A, Ostrovskiy I, Piepke A, Pocar A, Retière F, Rowson PC, Russell JJ, Schmidt S, Schubert A, Sinclair D, Stekhanov V, Tarka M, Tolba T, Tsang R, Vogel P, Vuilleumier JL, Wagenpfeil M, Waite A, Walton T, Weber M, Wen LJ, Wichoski U, Wrede G, Yang L, Yen YR, Zeldovich OY, Zettlemoyer J, and Ziegler T

Abstract

Results from a search for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) of ^{136}Xe are presented using the first year of data taken with the upgraded EXO-200 detector. Relative to previous searches by EXO-200, the energy resolution of the detector has been improved to σ/E=1.23%, the electric field in the drift region has been raised by 50%, and a system to suppress radon in the volume between the cryostat and lead shielding has been implemented. In addition, analysis techniques that improve topological discrimination between 0νββ and background events have been developed. Incorporating these hardware and analysis improvements, the median 90% confidence level 0νββ half-life sensitivity after combining with the full data set acquired before the upgrade has increased twofold to 3.7×10^{25}  yr. No statistically significant evidence for 0νββ is observed, leading to a lower limit on the 0νββ half-life of 1.8×10^{25}  yr at the 90% confidence level.

Published
2018
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54. An apparatus to manipulate and identify individual Ba ions from bulk liquid Xe.

Author

Twelker K, Kravitz S, Montero Díez M, Gratta G, Fairbank W Jr, Albert JB, Auty DJ, Barbeau PS, Beck D, Benitez-Medina C, Breidenbach M, Brunner T, Cao GF, Chambers C, Cleveland B, Coon M, Craycraft A, Daniels T, Daugherty SJ, Davis CG, DeVoe R, Delaquis S, Didberidze T, Dilling J, Dolinski MJ, Dunford M, Fabris L, Farine J, Feldmeier W, Fierlinger P, Fudenberg D, Giroux G, Gornea R, Graham K, Hall C, Heffner M, Herrin S, Hughes M, Jiang XS, Johnson TN, Johnston S, Karelin A, Kaufman LJ, Killick R, Koffas T, Krücken R, Kuchenkov A, Kumar KS, Leonard DS, Leonard F, Licciardi C, Lin YH, MacLellan R, Marino MG, Mong B, Moore D, Odian A, Ostrovskiy I, Ouellet C, Piepke A, Pocar A, Retiere F, Rowson PC, Rozo MP, Schubert A, Sinclair D, Smith E, Stekhanov V, Tarka M, Tolba T, Tosi D, Vuilleumier JL, Walton J, Walton T, Weber M, Wen LJ, Wichoski U, Yang L, Yen YR, and Zhao YB

Abstract

We describe a system to transport and identify barium ions produced in liquid xenon, as part of R&D towards the second phase of a double beta decay experiment, nEXO. The goal is to identify the Ba ion resulting from an extremely rare nuclear decay of the isotope (136)Xe, hence providing a confirmation of the occurrence of the decay. This is achieved through Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (RIS). In the test setup described here, Ba ions can be produced in liquid xenon or vacuum and collected on a clean substrate. This substrate is then removed to an analysis chamber under vacuum, where laser-induced thermal desorption and RIS are used with time-of-flight mass spectroscopy for positive identification of the barium decay product.

Published
2014
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55. Search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 136Xe with EXO-200.

Author

Auger M, Auty DJ, Barbeau PS, Beauchamp E, Belov V, Benitez-Medina C, Breidenbach M, Brunner T, Burenkov A, Cleveland B, Cook S, Daniels T, Danilov M, Davis CG, Delaquis S, deVoe R, Dobi A, Dolinski MJ, Dolgolenko A, Dunford M, Fairbank W Jr, Farine J, Feldmeier W, Fierlinger P, Franco D, Giroux G, Gornea R, Graham K, Gratta G, Hall C, Hall K, Hargrove C, Herrin S, Hughes M, Johnson A, Johnson TN, Karelin A, Kaufman LJ, Kuchenkov A, Kumar KS, Leonard DS, Leonard F, Mackay D, MacLellan R, Marino M, Mong B, Montero Díez M, Müller AR, Neilson R, Nelson R, Odian A, Ostrovskiy I, O'Sullivan K, Ouellet C, Piepke A, Pocar A, Prescott CY, Pushkin K, Rowson PC, Russell JJ, Sabourov A, Sinclair D, Slutsky S, Stekhanov V, Tolba T, Tosi D, Twelker K, Vogel P, Vuilleumier JL, Waite A, Walton T, Weber M, Wichoski U, Wodin J, Wright JD, Yang L, Yen YR, and Zeldovich OY

Abstract

We report on a search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 136Xe with EXO-200. No signal is observed for an exposure of 32.5 kg yr, with a background of ∼1.5×10(-3)  kg(-1) yr(-1)  keV(-1) in the ±1σ region of interest. This sets a lower limit on the half-life of the neutrinoless double-beta decay T(1/2)(0νββ)(136Xe)>1.6×10(25)  yr (90% C.L.), corresponding to effective Majorana masses of less than 140-380 meV, depending on the matrix element calculation.

Published
2012
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56. Observation of two-neutrino double-beta decay in 136Xe with the EXO-200 detector.

Author

Ackerman N, Aharmim B, Auger M, Auty DJ, Barbeau PS, Barry K, Bartoszek L, Beauchamp E, Belov V, Benitez-Medina C, Breidenbach M, Burenkov A, Cleveland B, Conley R, Conti E, Cook J, Cook S, Coppens A, Counts I, Craddock W, Daniels T, Danilov MV, Davis CG, Davis J, deVoe R, Djurcic Z, Dobi A, Dolgolenko AG, Dolinski MJ, Donato K, Dunford M, Fairbank W Jr, Farine J, Fierlinger P, Franco D, Freytag D, Giroux G, Gornea R, Graham K, Gratta G, Green MP, Hägemann C, Hall C, Hall K, Haller G, Hargrove C, Herbst R, Herrin S, Hodgson J, Hughes M, Johnson A, Karelin A, Kaufman LJ, Koffas T, Kuchenkov A, Kumar A, Kumar KS, Leonard DS, Leonard F, LePort F, Mackay D, MacLellan R, Marino M, Martin Y, Mong B, Díez MM, Morgan P, Müller AR, Neilson R, Nelson R, Odian A, O'Sullivan K, Ouellet C, Piepke A, Pocar A, Prescott CY, Pushkin K, Rivas A, Rollin E, Rowson PC, Russell JJ, Sabourov A, Sinclair D, Skarpaas K, Slutsky S, Stekhanov V, Strickland V, Swift M, Tosi D, Twelker K, Vogel P, Vuilleumier JL, Vuilleumier JM, Waite A, Waldman S, Walton T, Wamba K, Weber M, Wichoski U, Wodin J, Wright JD, Yang L, Yen YR, and Zeldovich OY

Abstract

We report the observation of two-neutrino double-beta decay in (136)Xe with T(1/2) = 2.11 ± 0.04(stat) ± 0.21(syst) × 10(21) yr. This second-order process, predicted by the standard model, has been observed for several nuclei but not for (136)Xe. The observed decay rate provides new input to matrix element calculations and to the search for the more interesting neutrinoless double-beta decay, the most sensitive probe for the existence of Majorana particles and the measurement of the neutrino mass scale.

Published
2011
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57. A magnetically driven piston pump for ultra-clean applications.

Author

LePort F, Neilson R, Barbeau PS, Barry K, Bartoszek L, Counts I, Davis J, deVoe R, Dolinski MJ, Gratta G, Green M, Montero Díez M, Müller AR, O'Sullivan K, Rivas A, Twelker K, Aharmim B, Auger M, Belov V, Benitez-Medina C, Breidenbach M, Burenkov A, Cleveland B, Conley R, Cook J, Cook S, Craddock W, Daniels T, Dixit M, Dobi A, Donato K, Fairbank W Jr, Farine J, Fierlinger P, Franco D, Giroux G, Gornea R, Graham K, Green C, Hägemann C, Hall C, Hall K, Hallman D, Hargrove C, Herrin S, Hughes M, Hodgson J, Juget F, Kaufman LJ, Karelin A, Ku J, Kuchenkov A, Kumar K, Leonard DS, Lutter G, Mackay D, MacLellan R, Marino M, Mong B, Morgan P, Odian A, Piepke A, Pocar A, Prescott CY, Pushkin K, Rollin E, Rowson PC, Schmoll B, Sinclair D, Skarpaas K, Slutsky S, Stekhanov V, Strickland V, Swift M, Vuilleumier JL, Vuilleumier JM, Wichoski U, Wodin J, Yang L, and Yen YR

Abstract

A magnetically driven piston pump for xenon gas recirculation is presented. The pump is designed to satisfy extreme purity and containment requirements, as is appropriate for the recirculation of isotopically enriched xenon through the purification system and large liquid xenon time projection chamber of EXO-200. The pump, using sprung polymer gaskets, is capable of pumping more than 16 standard liters per minute of xenon gas with 750 Torr differential pressure.

Published
2011
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58. A simple radionuclide-driven single-ion source.

Author

Montero Díez M, Twelker K, Fairbank W Jr, Gratta G, Barbeau PS, Barry K, DeVoe R, Dolinski MJ, Green M, LePort F, Müller AR, Neilson R, O'Sullivan K, Ackerman N, Aharmin B, Auger M, Benitez-Medina C, Breidenbach M, Burenkov A, Cook S, Daniels T, Donato K, Farine J, Giroux G, Gornea R, Graham K, Hagemann C, Hall C, Hall K, Hallman D, Hargrove C, Herrin S, Karelin A, Kaufman LJ, Kuchenkov A, Kumar K, Lacey J, Leonard DS, Mackay D, MacLellan R, Mong B, Niner E, Odian A, Piepke A, Pocar A, Prescott CY, Pushkin K, Rollin E, Rowson PC, Sinclair D, Slutsky S, Stekhanov V, Vuilleumier JL, Wichoski U, Wodin J, Yang L, and Yen YR

Abstract

We describe a source capable of producing single barium ions through nuclear recoils in radioactive decay. The source is fabricated by electroplating (148)Gd onto a silicon α-particle detector and vapor depositing a layer of BaF(2) over it. (144)Sm recoils from the alpha decay of (148)Gd are used to dislodge Ba(+) ions from the BaF(2) layer and emit them in the surrounding environment. The simultaneous detection of an α particle in the substrate detector allows for tagging of the nuclear decay and of the Ba(+) emission. The source is simple, durable, and can be manipulated and used in different environments. We discuss the fabrication process, which can be easily adapted to emit most other chemical species, and the performance of the source.

Published
2010
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