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This study included (100) samples of women used drugs Chlomephine Citrate & Bromocriptine (women have hormone disorder) in (Dijla Hospital) (20) blood samples pulled from healthy women as Control sample. The samples were divided into three groups; the first group: - (40) women who have primary infertility and treatment, Chlomephine Citrate & Bromocriptine. the second group: - (40)women who have Secondary infertility and treatment Chlomephine Citrate & Bromocriptine. The third group was the healthy women(control). The results of the study indicated a significant decrease in the Concentration of the(Human anti-mullerian Hormone, Inhibin B Hormone, Prolactin, Estradiol, Progesterone Hormone)at level (P <0.001) in the women who have primary and Secondary infertility and treatment, Chlomephine Citrate & Bromocriptine when compared to the healthy group, While the results showed decrease in the concentration level of Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL in the women who have primary and Secondary infertility at level (P <0.005) when compared to the healthy group. Aim of this study Effect the Drugs of (Clomiphene citrate, Bromocriptine)on some hormones and lipid level in the women who have primary and Secondary infertility. Conclusion in this study the Chlomephine Citrate & Bromocriptine effect the levels of the AMH, INH-B, PRL, Estradiol, Progesterone Hormone and decrease in the concentration level of(Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL)in the women who have primary and Secondary infertility. Keys word: Clomiphene citrate, Bromocriptine, Hormones disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: addiction is still an increasingly social and health issue worldwide, despite all attempts to overcome it. Analgesics are of the most prevalent substances that are abused. In Egypt and the Middle East, tramadol abuse is highly increasing. This can be correlated to its inexpensive cost, large availability, accessibility and illegal trafficking. Tramadol is a centrally-acting synthetic opioid analgesic that is commonly used to treat different intensities of pain varying from mild to extreme pain conditions. Prolonged administration of tramadol can result in abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary function and decrease in testosterone production. Many experimental studies were done and showed that tramadol affects the level of luteinizing hormone, follicular stimulating hormone, testosterone, estradiol, and prolactin. It also affects sperm quality and motility. We aimed in this review: is to delineate these issues. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between tramadol abuse and impaired gonadal and male sex hormone and sperm quality parameters.

Vanillin is a flavouring agent that is prohibited for use in infant food products with ages lower than 6 months. Excessive vanillin usage could lead to eating disorders, nausea, headache, and vomiting. Therefore, it is essential to control the contents of vanillin in food samples, especially in infant formula. Here, we developed a highly sensitive nanosensor for vanillin based on using green synthesized highly fluorescent (QY = 29.5%) N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) as a turn-off fluorescent nanoprobe. The N-doped CQDs synthesis was adopted using citrus bulb squeeze extract and the commonly used fertilizer, urea, as substrates. After mixing with vanillin, the fluorescence of the N-CQDs was largely quenched in a vanillin concentration-dependent manner. The sensing conditions were optimized by quality-by-design using a two-level full factorial design (2 2 FFD). The N-doped CQDs could detect vanillin in the range 0.1-12.0 μg/ml with a limit of detection of 0.013 μg/ml. Next, a smartphone imaging-based assay combined with a UV chamber was adopted and applied for vanillin determination. This simple detection technique showed sensitivity similar to that of the conventional fluorimetric method. Both conventional and smartphone-based methods were successfully applied for the determination of vanillin in infant milk formula and biscuits and could detect real vanillin concentrations in the analyzed samples with high % recoveries (94.5% to 105.5%). At last, the biocompatibility of the newly synthesized N-CQDs was tested, and it was found to be an excellent candidate for cancer cell imaging., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

In this study, the simultaneous determination of bilastine and montelukast, two recently approved co-formulated antihistaminic medications, was accomplished using a quick, sensitive, environmentally friendly, and reasonably priced synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic approach for the first time. Enhancement of the method's sensitivity down to nanogram levels was achieved by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (1.0% w/v) as a micellar system. According to the results, bilastine and montelukast's fluorescence was measured at 255.3 and 355.3 nm, respectively, using Δλ of 40.0 nm and distilled water as a green diluting solvent. With respect to the concentration ranges of bilastine (5.0-300.0 ng/ml) and montelukast (50.0-1000.0 ng/ml), the method showed excellent linearity (r ≥ 0.9998). The results showed that the suggested method is highly sensitive, with detection limits of 1.42 and 13.74 ng/ml for bilastine and montelukast, respectively. Within-run precisions (intra- and interday) per cent relative standard deviations (RSD) for both analytes were <0.59%. With high percentage recoveries and low percentage RSD values, the designed approach was successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation of the cited medications in their dosage form and human plasma samples. To evaluate the green profile of the suggested method, an analytical GREENNESS metric approach (AGREE) and green analytical procedure index (GAPI) metric tools were used. These two methods for evaluating greenness confirmed that the developed method met the highest number of green requirements, recommending its use as a green substitute for the routine analysis of the studied drugs. The proposed approach was validated according to ICHQ2 (R1) guidelines., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)