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53. Demain, une Europe agroécologique

Author

Aubert, Pierre-Marie, Court, Marielle, Aubert, Pierre-Marie, Aubert, Pierre-Marie, Court, Marielle, and Aubert, Pierre-Marie

Abstract

Agronomes reconnus, les auteurs nous démontent par l'exemple comment l'Europe peut atteindre l'autonomie alimentaire en se passant de produits de synthèse et en favorisant la biodiversité.

Published
2021

61. Development of an advanced SiPM camera for the Large Size Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory

Author

CTA LST Project, Bellato, Marco A., Bergnoli, Antonio, Bernasconi, E., Biland, Adrian, Charbon, Edoardo, Corti, Daniele, Gascón, David, Gómez Fernández, Sergio, Ziȩtara, Krzysztof, Abe, H., Aguasca, A., Agudo, Ivan, Antonelli, Lucio Angelo, Aramo, Carla, Armstrong, T., Artero, Manuel, Asano, Katsuaki, Ashkar, Halim, Aubert, Pierre, and Baktash, A.

Subjects
Cameras, Cosmic rays, Cosmology, Telescopes
Abstract

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have become the baseline choice for cameras of the small-sized telescopes (SSTs) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). On the other hand, SiPMs are relatively new to the field and covering large surfaces and operating at high data rates still are challenges to outperform photomultipliers (PMTs). The higher sensitivity in the near infra-red and longer signals compared to PMTs result in higher night sky background rate for SiPMs. However, the robustness of the SiPMs represents a unique opportunity to ensure long-term operation with low maintenance and better duty cycle than PMTs. The proposed camera for large size telescopes will feature 0.05◦ pixels, low power and fast front-end electronics and a fully digital readout. In this work, we present the status of dedicated simulations and data analysis for the performance estimation. The design features and the different strategies identified, so far, to tackle the demanding requirements and the improved performance are described., PoS: Proceedings of Science, 395, ISSN:1824-8039, Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference

Published
2022
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64. Conceptual System Dynamics and Agent-Based Modelling Simulation of Interorganisational Fairness in Food Value Chains: Research Agenda and Case Studies

Author

McGarraghy, Seán, primary, Olafsdottir, Gudrun, additional, Kazakov, Rossen, additional, Huber, Élise, additional, Loveluck, William, additional, Gudbrandsdottir, Ingunn Y., additional, Čechura, Lukáš, additional, Esposito, Gianandrea, additional, Samoggia, Antonella, additional, Aubert, Pierre-Marie, additional, Barling, David, additional, Đurić, Ivan, additional, Jaghdani, Tinoush J., additional, Thakur, Maitri, additional, Saviolidis, Nína M., additional, and Bogason, Sigurdur G., additional

Published
2022
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67. Development of variable emissivity coatings for thermal radiator

Author

Dudon, Jean-Paul, Marcel, Corinne, Dubost, Laurent, Ravaux, Alice, Aubert, Pierre-Henri, Duzellier, Sophie, Remaury, Stéphanie, Divay, Laurent, Thales Alenia Space, CEA Le Ripault (CEA Le Ripault), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), IREIS, Group HEF, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), ONERA / DPHY, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES, WIBAUX, Laurine, Thales Alenia Space [Toulouse] (TAS), and THALES [France]

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], Thermal design, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, CubeSat, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, [PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract

International audience; For years the use of variable emissivity devices and coatings has been envisaged by the academic and industrials space actors. The aim is to overcome the drawback specific to constant thermo-optical coatings with regard to the variation of heat load during the mission and so to maximize the heat rejection capacity and to minimize the heating power budget. The most promising of these coatings are based on thermochromic(TCH) and electrochromic (ECH) materials. Thermochromic materials can be adjusted to behave as poor emitters at low temperature, and good emitters at high temperature. As such, they are proposed as smart elements capable of supporting thermal control on board of spacecraft, without the need of any electronic feedback or electromechanical actuation, and, therefore, at zero power costs. The solutions proposed for TCH smart radiators are pretty heterogeneous, and range from sintered tiles, to sol-gel paints, to vacuum thin-films. Another promising approach is based on electrochromic devices. Common ECHs work in the visible spectrum and modulate transmitted or reflected light intensities upon application of voltage. The advantage of ECH for space application is achieved by adapting the infrared emissivity of a surface by application of a low power electrical potential. In an ongoing R&D activity funded by ESA and CNES the TCH multilayer tiles are based on VO2 technology developed with industrial means and ECH devices are based on encapsulated conducting polymers. By now ECH and TCH emissivity contrast between cold and hot case has been measured up to 0.3 and 0.4 respectively, within a variation range as narrow as 20°C for thermochromic. In this presentation the various approaches in order to design, manufacture and test TCH and ECH materials as well as variable emissivity radiator breadboards will be discussed. Prototypes and final test results for both technologies will be presented.

Published
2021

68. An agroecological Europe by 2050: What impact on land use, trade and global food security?

Author

Schiavo, Michele, Le Mouël, Chantal, Poux, Xavier, Aubert, Pierre Marie, Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales (IDDRI), Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Paris, Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires (SMART-LERECO), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), IDDRI - Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales, Sciences Po, and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
TYFA, Agrimonde-Terra, Land use, Modeling, Trade, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Agroecology
Abstract

This report presents the key results of a research that analysed the implications of an ambitious agroecological transition across Europe, following the TYFA scenario (scenario Ten Years For Agroecology proposed by IDDRI in 2018). While this scenario was published three years ago, what it proposes by 2050 is fully aligned with the objectives that the European Farm to Fork (F2F) and Biodiversity strategies aim to achieve by 2030. Using a world biomass balance model (GlobAgri-AgT, developed for the Inra-Cirad foresight Agrimonde-Terra, 2018), the impact of the TYFA scenario in the EU on world land use, the EU physical trade balance, the provision of calories and global food security was analyzed in addition to key policy levers to spur the transition.

Published
2021

71. Camera Calibration of the CTA-LST prototype

Author

Kobayashi, Yukiho, primary, Okumura, Akira, additional, Cassol, Franca, additional, Katagiri, Hideaki, additional, Sitarek, Julian, additional, Gliwny, Pawel, additional, Nozaki, Seiya, additional, Abe, Hyuga, additional, Aguasca, Arnau, additional, Agudo, Ivan, additional, Antonelli, Lucio Angelo, additional, Aramo, Carla, additional, Armstrong, Thomas, additional, Artero, Manuel, additional, Asano, Katsuaki, additional, Ashkar, Halim, additional, Aubert, Pierre, additional, Baktash, Ali, additional, Bamba, Aya, additional, Baquero Larriva, Andres, additional, Baroncelli, Leonardo, additional, Barres de Almeida, Ulisses, additional, Barrio, Juan Abel, additional, Batković, Ivana, additional, Becerra González, Josefa, additional, Bernardos, Mabel, additional, Berti, Alessio, additional, Biederbeck, Noah, additional, Bigongiari, Ciro, additional, Blanch, Oscar, additional, Bonnoli, Giacomo, additional, Bordas, Pol, additional, Bose, Debanjan, additional, Bulgarelli, Andrea, additional, Burelli, Irene, additional, Buscemi, Mario, additional, Cardillo, Martina, additional, Caroff, Sami, additional, Carosi, Alessandro, additional, Cerruti, Matteo, additional, Chai, Yating, additional, Cheng, Ks, additional, Chikawa, Michiyuki, additional, Chytka, Ladislav, additional, Contreras, Jose Luis, additional, Cortina, Juan, additional, Costantini, Heide, additional, Dalchenko, Mykhailo, additional, De Angelis, Alessandro, additional, de Bony de Lavergne, Mathieu, additional, Deleglise, Guillaume, additional, Delgado, Carlos, additional, Delgado Mengual, Jordi, additional, Della Volpe, Domenico, additional, Depaoli, Davide, additional, Di Pierro, Federico, additional, Di Venere, Leonardo, additional, Díaz, Carlos, additional, Dominik, Rune Michael, additional, Dominis Prester, Dijana, additional, Donini, Alice, additional, Dorner, Daniela, additional, Doro, Michele, additional, Elsässer, Dominik, additional, Emery, Gabriel, additional, Escudero, Juan, additional, Fiasson, Armand, additional, Foffano, Luca, additional, Fonseca, Maria Victoria, additional, Freixas Coromina, Lluis, additional, Fukami, Satoshi, additional, Fukazawa, Yasushi, additional, Garcia, Enrique, additional, Garcia López, Ramon, additional, Giglietto, Nicola, additional, Giordano, Francesco, additional, Godinovic, Nikola, additional, Green, David, additional, Grespan, Pietro, additional, Gunji, Shuichi, additional, Hackfeld, Jonas, additional, Hadasch, Daniela, additional, Hahn, Alexander, additional, Hassan, Tarek, additional, Hayashi, Kohei, additional, Heckmann, Lea, additional, Heller, Matthieu, additional, Herrera Llorente, Javier, additional, Hirotani, Kouichi, additional, Hoffmann, Dirk, additional, Horns, Dieter, additional, Houles, Julien, additional, Hrabovsky, Miroslav, additional, Hrupec, Dario, additional, Hui, David, additional, Hütten, Moritz, additional, Inada, Tomohiro, additional, Inome, Yusuke, additional, Iori, Maurizio, additional, Ishio, Kazuma, additional, Iwamura, Yuki, additional, Jacquemont, Mikael, additional, Jimenez-Martinez, Irene, additional, Jouvin, Léa, additional, Jurysek, Jakub, additional, Kagaya, Mika, additional, Karas, Vladimir, additional, Kataoka, Jun, additional, Kerszberg, Daniel, additional, Kong, Albert, additional, Kubo, Hidetoshi, additional, Kushida, Junko, additional, Lamanna, Giovanni, additional, Lamastra, Alessandra, additional, Le Flour, Thierry, additional, Longo, Francesco, additional, López-Coto, Rubén, additional, López-Moya, Marcos, additional, López-Oramas, Alicia, additional, Luque-Escamilla, Pedro L., additional, Majumdar, Pratik, additional, MAKARIEV, Martin, additional, Mandat, Dusan, additional, Manganaro, Marina, additional, Mannheim, Karl, additional, Mariotti, Mosè, additional, Marquez, Patricia, additional, Marsella, Giovanni, additional, Martí, Josep, additional, Martinez, Oibar, additional, Martínez, Gustavo, additional, Martínez, Manel, additional, Marusevec, Petra, additional, Mas, Alvaro, additional, Maurin, Gilles, additional, Mazin, Daniel, additional, Mestre Guillen, Enrique, additional, Mićanović, Saša, additional, Miceli, Davide, additional, Miener, Tjark, additional, Miranda, Jose Miguel, additional, Miranda, Luis David Medina, additional, Mirzoyan, Razmik, additional, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, additional, Molina, Edgar, additional, Montaruli, Teresa, additional, Monteiro, Inocencio, additional, Moralejo, Abelardo, additional, Morcuende, Daniel, additional, Moretti, Elena, additional, Morselli, Aldo, additional, Mrakovcic, Karlo, additional, Murase, Kohta, additional, Nagai, Andrii, additional, Nakamori, Takeshi, additional, Nickel, Lukas, additional, Nieto, Daniel, additional, Nievas, Mireia, additional, Nishijima, Kyoshi, additional, Noda, Koji, additional, Nosek, Dalibor, additional, Nöthe, Maximilian, additional, Ohishi, Michiko, additional, Ohtani, Yoshiki, additional, Oka, Tomohiko, additional, Okazaki, Nao, additional, Orito, Reiko, additional, Otero-Santos, Jorge, additional, Palatiello, Michele, additional, Paneque, David, additional, Paoletti, Riccardo, additional, Paredes, Josep Maria, additional, Pavletić, Lovro, additional, Pech, Miroslav, additional, Pecimotika, Mario, additional, Poireau, Vincent, additional, Polo, Miguel, additional, Prandini, Elisa, additional, Prast, Julie, additional, Priyadarshi, Chaitanya, additional, Prouza, Michael, additional, Rando, Riccardo, additional, Rhode, Wolgang, additional, Ribó, Marc, additional, Rizi, Vincenzo, additional, Rugliancich, Andrea, additional, Ruiz, Jose Enrique, additional, Saito, Takayuki, additional, Sakurai, Shunsuke, additional, Sanchez, David, additional, Šarić, Toni, additional, Saturni, Francesco Gabriele, additional, Scherpenberg, Juliane, additional, Schleicher, Bernd, additional, Schubert, Jan Lukas, additional, Schüssler, Fabian, additional, Schweizer, Thomas, additional, Seglar Arroyo, Monica, additional, Shellard, Ronald Cintra, additional, Sliusar, Vitalii, additional, Spolon, Alessia, additional, Strišković, Jelena, additional, Strzys, Marcel C., additional, Suda, Yusuke, additional, Sunada, Yuji, additional, Tajima, Hiroyasu, additional, Takahashi, Mitsunari, additional, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, additional, Takata, Jumpei, additional, Takeishi, Ryuji, additional, Tam, P. Thomas, additional, Tanaka, Shuta, additional, Tateishi, Dai, additional, Tejedor, Luis Ángel, additional, Temnikov, Petar, additional, Terada, Yukikatsu, additional, Terzic, Tomislav, additional, Teshima, Masahiro, additional, Tluczykont, Martin, additional, Tokanai, Fuyuki, additional, Torres, Diego F., additional, Travnicek, Petr, additional, Truzzi, Stefano, additional, Vacula, Martin, additional, VAZQUEZ ACOSTA, Monica, additional, VERGUILOV, Vassil, additional, Verna, Gaia, additional, Viale, Ilaria, additional, Vigorito, Carlo francesco, additional, Vitale, Vincenzo, additional, Vovk, Ievgen, additional, Vuillaume, Thomas, additional, Walter, Roland, additional, Will, Martin, additional, Yamamoto, Tokonatsu, additional, Yamazaki, Ryo, additional, Yoshida, Tatsuo, additional, Yoshikoshi, Takanori, additional, and Zarić, Darko, additional

Published
2021
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72. The Science Alert Generation system of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory.

Author

Bulgarelli, Andrea, primary, Caroff, Sami, additional, Addis, Antonio, additional, Aubert, Pierre, additional, Baroncelli, Leonardo, additional, De Cesare, Giovanni, additional, Di Piano, Ambra, additional, Fioretti, Valentina, additional, Garcia, Enrique, additional, Maurin, Gilles, additional, Parmiggiani, Nicolò, additional, Vuillaume, Thomas, additional, Oya, Igor, additional, Hoischen, Clemens, additional, and Observatory, Cta, additional

Published
2021
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74. Infrared reflectivity control device

Author

Dupont, Laurent, Chrun, Jonathan, Vancaeyzeele, Cedric, Vidal, Frédéric, Aubert, Pierre-Henri, Legall, Stephen, Fagour, Sébastien, Petitpas, Eric, and CHENAL, Thibaut

Subjects
[SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.PHYS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]
Published
2021

75. What Are The Policies Needed To Upscale Organic Food Chains? Findings From The Tyfa Scenario Exercise

Author

Poux, Xavier, Lumbroso, Sarah, and Aubert, Pierre-Marie

Subjects
Values, standards and certification, Food systems
Abstract

Upscaling organic farming (OF) and agroecology (AE) in Europe will have major implications across the whole food-chain. As both the intensity and the geography of food production would undergo significant changes, it will affect the current rationale of the entire food chain, namely collectors, processors, traders, retailers and at the end, consumers. The challenge is to identify how the business models should evolve at each link of the chain to accompany the large scale transition towards OF/AE, thus delivering the specific food attributes associated with OF/AE.Based on the Ten Years For Agroecology scenario (TYFA), the paper first identifies the structural changes implied in food chains organization by a full transition to OF/AE across Europe. It then explores the policy changes needed at the EU level in order to accompany such a transition. The range of policies concerned is wide. The proposed analysis may inspire an EU policy agenda towards sustainable agriculture and food.

Published
2021

80. High energy ultracapacitor electrodes based on conventional and nitrogen doped vertically aligned carbon nanotubes

Author

Querné, Corentin, Banet, Philippe, Vignal, Thomas, Mayne-L'Hermite, Martine, Aubert, Pierre-Henri, Pinault, Mathieu, Laboratoire Edifices Nanométriques (LEDNA), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine, Nawatechnologies, Palacin, Serge, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Abstract

International audience; The Aerosol Assisted Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition method allows the controlled growth of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes carpets (VACNT) on conductive substrates[1][2]. This process has been optimized for the growth of dense VACNT at low temperature (580 to 615°C) on aluminium foils, leading to a single-step process that meets industrial requirements to the development of low cost, highly conducting and light ultracapacitor electrodes[3]. VACNT can be used as a support for deposition of pseudocapacitive materials such as electronic conducting polymer (ECP). An electrodeposition of poly(3-methylthiophene) on VACNT was developed to improve the capacitance[4]. Homogenous deposition of ECP was achieved all along the carpet by pulsed chronoamperometry. To keep improving performances, our approach consists in modifying the properties of the VACNT by doping the carbon nanotubes with heteroatoms. Nitrogen doping should provide opportunities to increase the capacitance owing to the oxidation of the nitrogen sites and also the specific surface, in similar conditions of densities and diameters, because of their bamboo shape[5]. The wettability and electric conductivity should be improved by the doping[6][7]. The growth of nitrogen doped VACNT was achieved at 850°C on Si substrates by using ethylenediamine as N and C source. Such carpets exhibit a density of 4.10$^{10}$ NTC/cm$^2$ of few walled nanotubes and a N content of 4.5% at (XPS). Their storage capacity will be presented

Published
2020

85. Stakeholder Perceptions of Policy Tools in Support of Sustainable Food Consumption in Europe: Policy Implications

Author

Saviolidis, Nína M., primary, Olafsdottir, Gudrun, additional, Nicolau, Mariana, additional, Samoggia, Antonella, additional, Huber, Elise, additional, Brimont, Laura, additional, Gorton, Matthew, additional, von Berlepsch, David, additional, Sigurdardottir, Hildigunnur, additional, Del Prete, Margherita, additional, Fedato, Cristina, additional, Aubert, Pierre-Marie, additional, and Bogason, Sigurdur G., additional

Published
2020
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89. Cucurbit[7]uril-Threaded Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): A Novel Processable Conjugated Polyrotaxane

Author

Farcas, Aurica, Assaf, Khaleel, Resmerita, Ana-Maria, Sacarescu, Liviu, Asandulesa, Mihai, Aubert, Pierre-Henri, Nau, Werner, 'Petru Poni' Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), and CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)

Subjects
[CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

90. VACNT growth on Aluminium: towards innovative supercapacitor nanocomposite electrodes

Author

Nassoy, Fabien, Pibaleau, Baptiste, Vignal, Thomas, Tran-Van, François, Ghamouss, Fouad, Aubert, Pierre-Henri, Banet, Philippe, Descarpentries, Jéremie, Mayne, Martine, Pinault, Mathieu, Laboratoire Edifices Nanométriques (LEDNA), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Nawatechnologies, Physico-chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l'Energie (PCM2E), Université de Tours, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine, Université de Tours (UT), Palacin, Serge, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this work is to develop innovative electrodes materials with high specific capacitance based on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) for supercapacitors. Catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) is one of the best method for VACNT growth. However considering the aluminium melting temperature (c.a. 660°C), the synthesis of VACNT on such substrates requires a significant reduction in the growth temperature as compared to conventional substrates. Our approach was first to identify the most relevant synthesis parameters to achieve VACNT growth at such a low temperature by using precursor mixtures more favourable for a decomposition at low temperature . Our results show that, with a single-step aerosol assisted CCVD process; it is possible to obtain clean, long and dense VACNTs on Al current collectors, with a growth rate at the best level of the state of the art at such low temperature. VACNT are then used to develop new pseudocapacitive electrode materials based on VACNT modified with Electronic Conducting Polymers (ECP) and/or metal oxide electrodeposited in a controlled manner . Nanocomposite electrodes of poly-3-methylthiophene (P3MT) in ionic liquid and manganese oxide in aqueous electrolytes both homogeneously deposited on VACNT have been elaborated and their storage properties determined. Finally, we select best nanocomposite configurations for electrodes upscaling demonstrating the industrial feasibility of the approach.

Published
2019

91. Vertically aligned carbon nanotube based materials: towards superpacitor devices with tunable performances

Author

Nassoy, Fabien, Vignal, Thomas, Desgranges, Cedric, Descarpentries, Jeremie, Darchy, Lea, Boisset, Aurelien, Pinault, Mathieu, Reynaud, Cécile, Banet, Philippe, Aubert, Pierre-Henri, Ghamouss, Fouad, Tran-Van, François, Mayne-L'Hermite, Martine, Palacin, Serge, Laboratoire Edifices Nanométriques (LEDNA), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nawatechnologies, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine, Physico-chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l'Energie (PCM2E), Université de Tours (UT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and Université de Tours

Subjects
[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Abstract

International audience; Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) based materials are efficient candidates to build supercapacitor electrodes. Our approach enables to get versatile materials able to tune the supercapacitor performances, which is very promising as compared to activated carbon. VACNT with different thickness and density, while possibly incorporating disordered carbon, are successfully obtained through a one-step CCVD thermal process operated on aluminum collector and up-scaled for commercial applications. The specific capacitance is increasing when the VACNT density and/or thickness increases. Electrode performances reach 20 to 450 mF/cm$^2$ , and the supercapacitor volumetric energy is more than 10 times higher when disordered carbon is incorporated between VACNT. It is also possible to homogeneously incorporate electronically conducting polymer (ECP) inside VACNT, enabling to increase even further the specific capacitance (more than 700 mF/cm$^2$). Supercapacitors made of VACNT/ECP electrodes can reach 28 Wh/kg and 40 kW/kg (weight of active materials in the 2 electrodes), which is promising as compared to activated carbon (see fig.). Prototype devices prepared from VACNT synthesized at laboratory scale or on an industrial production line (Roll to Roll process) exhibit similar performances.

Published
2019

92. Impact des changements d'usages des terres dans les conflits homme/faune sauvage: enjeux pour la gestion de la biodiversité de l’écosystème cédraie du Moyen Atlas (Maroc)

Author

Le Gouar, P., Menard, Nelly, Butet, Alain, Rantier, Yann, Chillasse, Lahcen, Timallouka, Mohamed, Qarro, Mohamed, Darrot, Catherine, Aubert, Pierre Marie, Université de Rennes (UR), Station Biologique de Paimpont CNRS UMR 6653 (OSUR), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Moulay Ismail (UMI), Université de Meknés, Ecole Nationale Forestière d'Ingénieurs du Maroc [Salé] (ENFI), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales (IDDRI), Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Paris, PICS N°260527 CNRS/CNRST(Maroc), osur-Station biologique de Paimpont, Ecobio UMR 6553, CNRS/Univdersité de Rennes 1, Ecole Nationale Forestière d'Ingénieurs, Salé, Maroc, Agrocampus Ouest - UMR ESO (Espaces et Sociétés), IDDRI - Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales, ECOBIO, UMR6553, avenue de Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, Université de Meknès (Maroc), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Published
2018

94. Missing the forest for the data? Conflicting valuations of the forest and cultivable lands

Author

Cheyns, Emmanuelle, Silva-Castañeda, Laura, Aubert, Pierre-Marie, Cheyns, Emmanuelle, Silva-Castañeda, Laura, and Aubert, Pierre-Marie

Abstract

In reaction to Greenpeace campaigns denouncing the impact of oil palm plantations in Southeast Asia, Golden Agri-Resources (GAR) – a major actor in the palm oil sector – adopted a zero-deforestation policy. The implementation of this policy raised a simple, albeit tricky, question: what is a forest? In response, Greenpeace, GAR and a consultancy firm developed a methodology for forest classification called the High Carbon Stock (HCS) Approach. Employing a vegetation classification based primarily on a threshold of carbon sequestration, the method identifies which forested zones to protect from conversion to agriculture. While currently gaining resonance in the realm of sustainability standards, its implementation in Indonesia and Liberia encountered resistance and criticism by rural dwellers and social NGOs. How did HCS advocates integrate local peoples' concerns, interests and claims to compose commonality? By analysing the HCS methodology's content, implementation and progressive adaptation, this article shows how HCS advocates favoured a specific mode of composition: one that fits a liberal grammar and that has specific implications on the valuation of forest and cultivable lands. The HCS approach is thus more than a data collection tool; it encapsulates and reinforces a particular vision of the environment and how people should relate to it.

Published
2019

96. Les terroirs au Sud, vers un nouveau modèle ?

Author

Abdollah, Ahmed, Adam, Antonin, Aderghal, Mohammed, Alifriqui, Mohamed, Amzil, Lahoucine, Aubert, Pierre-marie, Auclair, Laurent, Barthes, Angela, Baudot, Patrick, Benkhallouk, Mariam, Benoit, Guillaume, Berriane, Mohamed, Blanco, Julien, Bouaabid, Hanane, Boujrouf, Said, Coudel, Marc, Errays, Noureddine Aït, Genin, Didier, Hély, Christelle, Kamil, Hassan, Kejjaji, Sana, Mahdane, Mhamed, Michon, Geneviève, Moizo, Bernard, Naciri, Mohamed, Oiry-Varacca, Mari, Oussoulous, Nada, Romagny, Bruno, Ruf, Thierry, Sabir, Mohamed, Simenel, Romain, Skounti, Ahmed, Tebbaa, Ouidad, Berriane, Mohamed, and Michon, Geneviève

Subjects
changement climatique, Economics, patrimoine culturel, Environmental Studies, irrigation, tourisme, changement social, Maroc, zone méditerranéenne, gestion de l’environnement, BUS072000, RNU, forêt, développement rural, société rurale, patrimoine naturel, modèle de développement
Abstract

Longtemps connotée négativement, la notion de « terroir » est devenue un gage de qualité pour des produits agricoles et des paysages ruraux originaux. S’affranchissant des logiques marchandes, elle se nourrit aussi de l’idéologie du développement durable en intégrant des préoccupations sociales et environnementales. Le succès du terroir dépasse aujourd’hui les frontières de l’Europe. Un nombre croissant de pays du Sud ont adopté l’idée que la valorisation des ressources locales et des patrimoines ruraux peut constituer l’un des grands chantiers de leurs politiques de développement. À partir de l’expérience marocaine, les auteurs s’interrogent sur le succès du transfert au Sud de cette notion. Les politiques de terroir peuvent-elles contribuer à créer ou à consolider des filières et à redéfinir des produits locaux qui répondent aux exigences de qualité des consommateurs urbains ? Peuvent-elles générer au niveau local des projets intégrateurs qui valorisent la complexité bio-culturelle des lieux ? À quelles conditions le « terroir », associé à la mise en place des indications géographiques et au développement du tourisme rural, peut-il constituer un nouveau modèle de développement économique, social et territorial ? Quelle est la capacité des acteurs locaux à s’approprier des démarches qui restent pour l’instant impulsées par le haut ? En raison de l’importance croissante des questions liées au changement climatique ou aux grands bouleversements socio-politiques, entre mobilité des hommes, des idées et des produits et souci de conservation des ressources et des cultures locales, cet ouvrage nous invite à penser cette mutation du terroir comme porteuse d’enjeux et de potentialités universelles. Aux agricultrices et aux agriculteurs des terroirs marocains qui nous ont, sans compter, donné un peu de leur temps et ont partagé avec nous leurs connaissances et leurs attentes.

Published
2018

97. Calcul haute performance pour la détection de rayon Gamma

Author

Aubert, Pierre, Laboratoire d'Informatique Parallélisme Réseaux Algorithmes Distribués (LI-PaRAD), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Nahid Emad Petiton, and Gilles Christian Georges Maurin

Subjects
Astronomy Gamma, Big Data, Rayon Gamma de très haute énergie, Parallélisme multi-Niveaux, Gamma ray of very high energy, Multi-Level parallelism, Méthodes de calibration/reconstruction/réjection/analyse de donnés. ré-Utilisabilité séquentielle/parallèle, Astronomie Gamma, Sequential/parallel reusability, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Methods of data calibration/reconstruction/rejection/analysis, Programmation hétérogène à large échelle
Abstract

The new generation research experiments will introduce huge data surge to a continuously increasing data production by current experiments. This increasing data rate causes upheavals at many levels, such as data storage, analysis, diffusion and conservation.The CTA project will become the utmost observatory of gamma astronomy on the ground from 2021. It will generate hundreds Peta-Bytes of data by 2030 and will have to be stored, compressed and analyzed each year.This work address the problems of data analysis optimization using high performance computing techniques via an efficient data format generator, very low level programming to optimize the CPU pipeline and vectorization of existing algorithms, introduces a fast compression algorithm for integers and finally exposes a new analysis algorithm based on efficient pictures comparison.; La nouvelle génération d'expériences de physique produira une quantité de données sans précédent. Cette augmentation du flux de données cause des bouleversements techniques à tous les niveaux, comme le stockage des données, leur analyse, leur dissémination et leur préservation.Le projet CTA sera le plus grand observatoire d'astronomie gamma au sol à partir de 2021. Il produira plusieurs centaines de Péta-octets de données jusqu'en 2030 qui devront être analysées, stockée, compressées, et réanalysées tous les ans.Ce travail montre comment optimiser de telles analyses de physique avec les techniques de l'informatique hautes performances par le biais d'un générateur de format de données efficace, d'optimisation bas niveau de l'utilisation du pipeline CPU et de la vectorisation des algorithmes existants, un algorithme de compression rapide d'entiers et finalement une nouvelle analyse de données basée sur une méthode de comparaison d'image optimisée.

Published
2018

98. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/permethylated β-cyclodextrin) polypseudorotaxane and polyrotaxane: Synthesis, characterization and application as hole transporting materials in perovskite solar cells

Author

Goubard, Fabrice, Abdallah, Mira, Bui, Thanh-Tuân, Theodosopoulou, Dimitra, Dumur, Frédéric, Hijazi, Akram, Fouassier, Jean-Pierre, Lalevée, Jacques, Pottier, Fabien, Michelin, Anne, Kwimang, Salomon, Andraud, Christine, Lavédrine, Bertrand, Le, Huong, Schmitt, Michael, Graff, Bernadette, Gariani, Gianluca, Lehuédé, Patrice, Leroux, Lise, Wallez, Gilles, Bouquillon, Anne, Bormand, Marc, Ulfa, Maria, Maschietto, Federica, Ottochian, Alistar, Nghiêm, Mai-Phuong, Ciofini, Ilaria, Pauporté, Thierry, Putnin, Thitirat, Jakmunee, Jaroon, Ounnunkad, Kontad, Péralta, Sébastien, Aubert, Pierre-Henri, Farcas, Aurica, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine, and CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)

Subjects
Materials science, Rotaxane, Polymers and Plastics, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, chemistry.chemical_compound, PEDOT:PSS, Materials Chemistry, Perovskite (structure), Photocurrent, Dopant, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Substrate (chemistry), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Hypsochromic shift, 0210 nano-technology, Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
Abstract

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/permethylated β-cyclodextrin) polypseudorotaxane (PEDOT⋅TMβCD) (P1) was synthesized by the chemical oxidation of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) as an inclusion complex with 2,3,6-tri-O-methyl β-cyclodextrin (TMβCD) (EDOT·TMβCD) with a five-fold excess of iron (III) chloride oxidant over the stoichiometric amount in water. The obtained P1 was converted to its P2 polyrotaxane by the end capping of the PEDOT backbones with bulky triphenylmethane to avoid the dethreading of TMβCD. The chemical structures of P1 and P2 were proved by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The coverage ratios of the P1 and P2 chains were found to be 43.7 ± 5.2% and 27.1 ± 2.8%, respectively. Rotaxane formation results in improvements of the solubility in common organic solvents, as well better film forming ability combined with a high transparency. The UV–Vis absorption of P2 in C6H5Cl/CHCl3 (1/1 v/v) exhibits a hypsochromic shift of 4 nm compared with P1. Atomic force microscopy, AFM, indicated that the P1 film is more uniformly distributed over the substrate area compared to that of the P2, although both surfaces have the roughness parameter values close to 2.90 nm. The newly synthesized compounds were then applied as dopant/additive-free hole transport materials in perovskite solar cells. P1 exhibited a photovoltaic performance of 5.54% under 1 sun illumination, whereas P2 showed a lower efficiency (3.8%) attributed to its lower photocurrent density. These performances are comparable to those obtained for control devices using as hole transporter spiro-OMeTAD (6.27% as dopant/additive-free hole transport material, 14.41% in LiTFSI and tert-butylpyrridine doped system).

Published
2018

99. Farmer strategies to manage market uncertainty: commodity-level analysis and critique

Author

Maye, Damian, Kirwan, James, Chiswell, Hannah Marie, Vigani, Mauro, Munoz-Rojas, Jose, Mathijs, Erik, Bonjean, Isabelle, Hvarregaard Thorsøe, Martin, Noe, Egon, Von Münchausen, Susanne, Grivins, Mikelis, Aubert, Pierre-Marie, Nowak, Piotr, and Minarelli, Francesca

Subjects
S1, G1, H1
Abstract

There is growing recognition that agri-food commodity markets are moving increasingly towards market-focused arrangements. In some sectors (e.g. dairy) we have already seen the development of new contracts (e.g. between farmer groups and processors) and various risk management-type strategies. Agricultural markets have always been characterised by uncertainty and contracts are by no means new forms of market practice. Nevertheless, proposed changes to CAP support post-2020 and national-level policy support strategies suggest that agricultural sectors are likely to become more market-orientated in the future, with much less state intervention. There is a need then to understand contracts and other tools and strategies that can enable producers in different sectors to manage market uncertainty and price volatility. Against this context, this paper draws on case study data from three commodities (dairy, arable and fruits) in different European regions to examine and compare strategies emerging to manage uncertainty and other business risks. The analysis adopts a farmer perspective and shows how forms of contractualisation, collective action, the use of market data, futures and other risk management schemes are perceived and in some cases actions at the food chain level. The paper problematises what is meant by ‘strategy’, especially at a farm level, given the multi-level nature of institutional arrangements, which includes complex arrangements between banks and supply chain actors. Understanding strategies as dynamic socio-material properties is therefore essential. http://ifsa.boku.ac.at/cms/fileadmin/Proceeding2018/Theme5_Maye.pdf No ISBN/ISSN ispartof: pages:1-15 ispartof: Farming systems: facing uncertainties and enhancing opportunities pages:1-15 ispartof: 13th European IFSA Symposium location:Chania, Crete date:1 Jul - 5 Jul 2018 status: Published online

Published
2018

100. Differentiation Between Fibroblast and their Extracellular Matrix in anIn-Vitro Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Setup by Using a CustomElectronic Portable System

Author

de Roux, Edwin, Terosiet, Mehdi, Kolbl, Florian, Boissière, Michel, Banet, Philippe, Chrun, Johnatan, Aubert, Pierre-Henry, Pauthe, Emmanuel, Romain, Olivier, Histace, Aymeric, ASTRE [Cergy-Pontoise], Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Equipe de recherche sur les relations matrice extracellulaire-cellules (ERRMECe), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), SFERE, SENACYT, Fondation UCP, and Histace, Aymeric

Subjects
[SDV.IB.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, education, fibrous tissue analysis, [SDV.IB.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, wireless cells sensing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract

International audience; This article presents the results from an Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements by using a custom wireless andportable electronic system. Our goal is to differentiate between cells and their extracellular matrix in the gathered impedancespectrum. These results are used as a part of a research project that aim to find an appropriate electromarker for the detection ofthe fibrosis induced by active cardiac implants.

Published
2018

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