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Copyright of Rev Rene is the property of Rev Rene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Molecular association processes of the dye eosin in AOT reverse micelles of various sizes are investigated. The degree of association of dye molecules is shown to increase as the hydrodynamic radius Rh of the micelles increases. The structure of the resulting associates (eosin dimers) is determined. An increase of Rh is shown to be accompanied by an increase of angle α and decrease of the distance between dye molecules in the dimer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The peculiarities of formation of ionic associates of the spherical porous nanocluster polyoxometalate [MoFeO(CHCOO){MoO(HO)}{HMoO(HO)}(HO)] ~ 150HO with biologically active substances, in particular, thiamine chloride using the methods of UV/Vis spectroscopy, pH-metry, laser light scattering (the measurement of Zeta potential and particle size distribution), Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy has been studied. The location of thiamine molecules on POM's surface is given. The solubility product of associate was estimated. The formation of molecular associates of polyoxometalate with insulin, albumin has been shown. Using the meglumine acridonacetate the influence of complexing agents on the possibility of obtaining associates on the basis of [MoFeO(CHCOO){MoO(HO)}{HMoO(HO)}(HO)] ~ 150HO has been studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions of L-aspartic acid with and without addition of chitosan have been studied by conductometry, potentiometry, refractometry, tensiometry, and viscosimetry. It has been shown that aspartic acid molecules take a cyclic configuration stabilized by hydrogen bonds in aqueous solution at c > 0.04 g/dL (298 K). The interaction of chitosan with aspartic acid results in the formation of the polymeric salt that dissociates in aqueous solution to give chitosan polycation [~(NH)] and aspartate counterions. The addition of chitosan to solutions of L-aspartic acid results in progressive increase in the surface tension, absorbance, and refractive index as well as the change in hydrodynamic properties of the macromolecules. The polymeric salt exhibits polyelectrolyte properties in dilute aqueous solutions. The increase in temperature impairs the thermodynamic quality of the solvent for chitosan leading to the shrinkage of the polymer coils and, hence, to the decrease in the intrinsic viscosity of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During time, the association has evolved as a form of socio-economic organisation in order to perform non-professional or, by case, professional activities. The legislative sources have emphasized, in time, the variety of the ways of manifestation of the association among different law subjects – physical and/or legal persons. The new Civil Code (2009), republished in 2011, in force since the 1st October 2011, fundamented on the monist approach of regulation, as the common-law norm for all the domains that the letter and the spirit of its provisions refer to, regulates the contract of association, in chapter VII of the 5thBook; apart from the general norms applicable to all such contracts of association, the present code replaces the former civil society without legal personality with the present simple society and, also as a novelty element, transposes the regulation of the silent partnership from the former framework of the Commercial Code (1887, abrogated almost in totality) in the section 3 of the same chapter VII, the 5th Book of the code. The elements that are similar with the former regulation outline the continuity aspects in the conception of these juridical institutions in a modern approach that transposes aspects which were clarified by the jurisprudence or the legal doctrine.

The activity of the Yugoslav Security Service due to its importance for the preservation of the newly established social set up, and evident controversies accompanying its work, attracts the attention of professional public opinion. Without any ambition to suggest eventual conclusions on the justification of the Administration of State Security working method from ideological aspect, this paper treats the case of the bodies of the Administration of State Security from Tutin for the outlaw Smako Skrijelj, which lasted almost two decades after the Second World War. Bearing in mind the fact this paper was written pursuant to the original archive material from the fund of Security-informative Agency, which is to be found in the Archive of Serbia, the versatility of method and way of working of the Yugoslav security service in our areas, being described following the case of Smako Skrijelj are raising numerous issues out of which some answers and conclusions will impose themselves.

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar como dirigentes e cooperados percebem os fatores que contribuem na construção de relações de lealdade com a cooperativa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, com tipologia seccional. O meio de investigação utilizado foi pesquisa de campo por meio de um questionário aplicado a 12 dirigentes e 25 associados de cooperativas. A definição constitutiva que orientou a seleção das categorias de análise foi baseada em Oliver (1999). O estudo demonstrou que a deslealdade e o oportunismo estão presentes tanto nos dirigentes quanto nos cooperados, visto que a lealdade está condicionada à manutenção do status quo de cada um, relegando os valores cooperativistas de igualdade, coletividade e solidariedade a um segundo plano. Isso não é decorrente unicamente de um desvio comportamental dos associados, mas também é fruto das demandas que o ambiente institucional provoca nas organizações cooperativas que não conseguem responder adequadamente a tal contexto.This paper aims to analyze how factors that contribute for loyalty relations in a cooperative are felt by managers and associates. Oliver (1999) was used as theoretical reference, and a questionnaire was applied to 12 managers and 25 associates. The study showed that disloyalty and opportunism are present both in managers and associates, considering that loyalty is linked to keep status quo of each one, relegating cooperativist values, such as equality, collectivity and solidarity. This is not a result atlributed exclusively to associates 'behavior, but also a consequence of demande that the institutional environment cause in cooperative organizations, which is unable to answer adequately to these context.

From the early days of Islam on, the Muslims and the Islamic Community had a very close relation with other groups and religions in various forms and each has affected the others. being the representative of the guiding role of religion in all affairs of life and the answer to all the fundamental human desires in individual and social life in all ages and decades, the Holy Quran has dealt with the issue of religious minorities, Jews and Christians in particular, and the proper way of communicating with them. Today, considering the particular circumstances of the world which is the result of fundamental changes in various fields, including that of the governments' relations and the correlation of cultures, the way to treat and communicate with religious minorities in Islamic Countries has doubled in significance. Being very effective in the present era to get familiarized with the Islamic Instructions concerning interaction with religious minorities,particuiarly Jews and Christians, this articles has focused on this issue. with a short introductory on Islam and its effective role regarding the rights of religions and reserving the nobility of humankind, this study examins the relative terminology, Quran's stance concerning the Jews and Christians and its instructions regarding the way to communicate with Them.

The objective was to describing the ludic representations of nursing technicians about the Systematization of Nursing Care. This is a clipping of a phenomenological investigation results. The data were collected from a focus group with thirteen nursing technicians, using the construction of projective technique, based on the principles of Experiential Humanescent Pedagogy. The data analysis was carried out from guiding principles based on the work of Alfred Schutz. The ludic representation of nursing technical architects perpassed four thematic axes: Systematization of Nursing Care concept; benefits; problems experienced; and needs for improvement. It is concluded that nursing technicians represent positively the Systematization of Nursing Care, and believe in its consolidation. It is stressed that the use of the construction of billboards as projective technique constitutes an element qualifier of the study by stimulating the expression of subjectivities of the subjects surveyed.

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal (RBSPA) is the property of Revista Brasileira de Saude e Producao Animal (RBSPA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study proposes its principal objective the analysis of the company contract, one of the most updated and used in the present, both regulated by the Civil Code and the Law no.31 / 1990. The general conditions of validity and the specific elements of the contract are presented and analyzed as well as the effects and changes made to the contract and the legal consequences concerning the constitution of the society. The desire to reform the Civil Code is not enough, a unitary conception of matter has to be promoted in the sphere of civil law, to avoid a chain reaction that will include amendments to other laws in force and to determine the development of others. The present study provides an overview of trying to create a new perspective and a more complete analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article tries to represent very briefly multiform and multifarious or multi functional aspects of monumental architecture of Iran. Every work of art in general and every monumental architecture particularly as a material text produces uniquely its own message and its own identity or its own context. We can put the issue very geometrically by employing the method of classification and categorization of monumental architecture of Iran according to its structure and its content. As we know every monumental work of art or architecture produce historic memory and socio-cultural identity of this or that period, this or that group of people in this or that geography or environment that has been created. One probably has been created for representation of political power other for expressing ritual or aesthetic values. In monumental work of art of Iran in general and monumental architecture particularly from ancient times to contemporary period we can find all these multifarious aspects. To reread and reunderstand monumental architecture as a part of material culture language, or iconic language implies not only rereading and reundrestanding how monumental architecture comes to a different category of communication or discourse but also invites us to recall or memorize and participate to divers circles, levels, aspects and as well as stages of our cultural heritage. Concern with the nature of such material culture language is of long standing in related to different category of language with its own grammar and rules of decode. Monumental architecture as material or as iconic language includes its own metaphorical act of mind particularly and man as polyglot being in general. In each process of foundation and structural activity of monumental architecture as language paralleling metaphorical with visualizing and memorizing of whole our way or mode of being in this or that period as well as in this or that historic geography in its multifarious aspects. Monumental architecture as iconic or as material language includes uniquely both verbal and textual aspects as well as conceptual language in its own way of expression very actively and very expressively. Another fundamental focus of the underlying discussion concerns multifarious associations of monumental architecture and collective memory particularly and memory in general. Each act of structuring monumental architecture naturally intertwined to active shaping identity. Obviously, active role and participation of collective memory in micro and macro scale to discuss about founding and structuring of monumental architecture as well as shaping identity is quite difficult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is focused on study of the secondary macro-urban names on quasi-standard basis. A quasi-standard is an official name of the city, in which the associative qualities are shown in their most distinct form of expression. Thus, they may be used as constituents of the unofficial names of other cities. The main task of this paper is the complex description of structural and notional distinctive features of macro-urban unofficial names, based on quasi-standards. The main results of the investigation may be reduced to the following: a great number of unofficial urban names are based on quasi-standards, that is official names of other cities are used as the constituents providing the corresponding associative support; Jerusalem and Babylon are considered to be absolute standards having two contradictory images. The first personifies virginity and purity, the second - vice and depravity; the names of some cities (Paris, Venice, Rome, Florence, Athens, etc.) are frequently used as constituents of the secondary unofficial names of other cities because of their steady associative force; due to the connotative potential of the quasi-standard names on which they are based, some secondary names can acquire negative or positive colouring, which helps to complete the image of a city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a general agreement that the increase in investment in the real sector is one of the key prerequisites for economic recovery of countries affected by the crisis. In countries which have finished the transition process, this need arises even more strongly. Investors can invest in the establishment of new companies, the recapitalization of existing ones and establishment of companies that will be under the joint management. Financial reporting on investments varies depending on the amount of equity investments in companies. Significant impact for investors provides the share in the capital of more than 20 % and less than 50 % and equity participation in the joint venture provides a participation in the joint management. To determine the value of such share, the equity method is applied . It is very different from the consolidation that is used for the share which is the basis of control in how to determine the value of the share and the amount and timing of recognition of share revenue. The equity method, whose application is mandatory offers investors two important information: what is the amount of net assets of the associate or joint venture relating to share and how high is the share of investors in profit. The entire amount of earnings is almost never allocated to owners, part of the earnings is retained. Income from the participation in this method is almost always higher than the inflow of cash in dividends received, using the equity method may adversely affect the liquidity of the company investors.

This research comprises natural depletion, associate, and CO2 gas injection with regard to asphaltene precipitation and permeability reduction. For the sake of achievement these goals experiments were undertaken by core flood and asphaltene static apparatus. Natural depletion was performed at 4500, 3050, 2250, 1450, and 900 Psig and it has been seen maximum amount of asphaltene precipitation located at saturation pressure. The results demonstrate that asphaltene precipitation during natural depletion was higher than CO2 and associate gas injection. Also it was seen asphaltene precipitation rate during CO2 and associate gas injection was lower than natural depletion. Based on results, amount of asphaltene precipitation was differing according to type of gas. The results of the study indicate asphaltene precipitation during CO2 injection was more than associate gas injection. Finally it was seen the permeability reduction during associate was less than CO2 and natural depletion for this kind of Iranian carbonate sample. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Porous layers of associates of adsorption-saturated and benzene- and hexane-solvated chloride and sulfate of hydroxyethylated cyclams with acid aqua complexes were synthesized on the surface of PVC-coated cellulose fabric. The porous structure of the layers includes a system of internal pores connected with the external pores via the diamine rings of the common walls of the hydroxyethylated cyclam nets; the internal pores are filled with the associates; the solvent molecules are adsorbed on the developed surface of the layers or solvate it. The H motion rate in a layer placed in solvent vapors or liquid solvents was measured; the layers were found to be nonlinear H conductors. The potential of H transition from the acid solution into the layer, the H mobility constant, and the field variation constant of the H mobility of the layer depend on the layer composition. The adsorption and solvation are accompanied by the formation of host-guest molecular complexes between the diamine rings of the cyclam nets and the benzene or hexane molecules, affecting the resistance of the associates to the incorporation of H ions and the H mobility in the associates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is a general agreement that the increase in investment in the real sector is one of the key prerequisites for economic recovery of countries aff ected by the crisis. In countries which have finished the transition process, this need arises even more strongly. Investors can invest in the establishment of new companies, the recapitalization of existing ones and establishment of companies that will be under the joint management. Financial reporting on investments varies depending on the amount of equity investments in companies. Significant impact for investors provides the share in the capital of more than 20 % and less than 50 % and equity participation in the joint venture provides a participation in the joint management. To determine the value of such share, the equity method is applied . It is very different from the consolidation that is used for the share which is the basis of control in how to determine the value of the share and the amount and timing of recognition of share revenue. Th e equity method, whose application is mandatory off ers investors two important information: what is the amount of net assets of the associate or joint venture relating to share and how high is the share of investors in profit. Th e entire amount of earnings is almost never allocated to owners, part of the earnings is retained. Income from the participation in this method is almost always higher than the inflow of cash in dividends received, using the equity method may adversely affect the liquidity of the company investors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During time, the association has evolved as a form of socio-economic organisation in order to perform non-professional or, by case, professional activities. The legislative sources have emphasized, in time, the variety of the ways of manifestation of the association among different law subjects - physical and/or legal persons. The new Civil Code (2009), republished in 2011, in force since the 1st October 2011, fundamented on the monist approach of regulation, as the common-law norm for all the domains that the letter and the spirit of its provisions refer to, regulates the contract of association, in chapter VII of the 5thBook; apart from the general norms applicable to all such contracts of association, the present code replaces the former civil society without legal personality with the present simple society and, also as a novelty element, transposes the regulation of the silent partnership from the former framework of the Commercial Code (1887, abrogated almost in totality) in the section 3 of the same chapter VII, the 5th Book of the code. The elements that are similar with the former regulation outline the continuity aspects in the conception of these juridical institutions in a modern approach that transposes aspects which were clarified by the jurisprudence or the legal doctrine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The equilibrium composition and thermodynamic characteristics of melts based on the Al-Sm system were studied by thermodynamic modeling using the ideal solution model of reaction products over the whole range of compositions 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 in argon at a total pressure of 1 atm and temperatures from 1873 to 2100 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been demonstrated that the reaction of Phenol Red ( PR) with polyhexamethyleneguanidinium chloride ( PHMG) gives an ion associate and several aggregates. The composition of the latter ones was determined by spectrophotometry, turbidimetry, refractometry, and conductometry. The introduction of PHMG into PR solutions PR leads to the redistribution of the intensity of absorption bands and the appearance of extreme points corresponding to the regions of the maximal accumulation of the formed aggregates with the following stoichiometry: c: c = 8 (12, 16, 27, 54) : 1. A procedure has been developed for determining PHMG in disinfecting agent 'Biopag-D' employing the extreme points. The procedure provides PHMG the determination of PHMG with an error of 1%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors offer a new, nanotechnology-based concept of flotation. The article discusses noncovalent interaction between functional groups of the organic phosphorus collector Phosphenox at an interphase, which results in the supramolecular self-assemblage of stable nanostructures. The ways to reaching complementariness of the collector and active site of a mineral surface are indicated with the aim to improving selectivity of mineral separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: A low cost and accurate method for the detection and analytical determination of the activity of the enzyme α-l-fucosidase (AFU) was developed. The method was based upon measuring the fluorescence intensity of the complex ion associate of the ion associate of rhodamine-B and the compound 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol (RB+ CNP−) at 580nm in phosphate buffer (pH 5) against the reagent blank. The influence of the different parameters, e.g. pH, incubation time, temperature, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol concentration, foreign ions and surfactants that control the fluorescence intensity of the produced ion associate was critically investigated. The correlation between the fluorescence activity of the enzyme AFU by the developed procedures and the standard method was positive and highly significant in patients and controls (r 2 =0.99, p <0.001). The developed method is simple and proceeds without practical artifacts compared to the standard method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Associate-recognition has received little attention as a potential clinical tool for detecting early Alzheimer's disease (AD). As an important preliminary stage to investigating the paradigm's diagnostic utility, we designed and administered a verbal associate-recognition task to healthy elderly participants (n = 62) and compared their performance to that on traditional cued-recall PAL. In both test conditions, the stimulus list comprised of a mixture of highly imageable and less imageable word pairs. Overall, performance on the associate-recognition task was superior to that on the cued-recall analogue. This 'recognition advantage' was not attributable to the higher baseline or chance guessing rate in the associate-recognition condition, as the size of the recognition advantage varied across learning trials and stimulus imageability. In comparison to performance on the imageable stimuli, performance on the less imageable stimuli was poor in both associate-recognition and cued-recall conditions. Across the delay, performances were more likely to drop in the cued-recall condition than the associate-recognition condition. These results suggest that verbal associate-recognition may be clinically efficacious and better tolerated in elderly populations than traditional cued-recall paradigms. Although these results are encouraging, further research is required to examine the utility of associate-recognition in clinical populations, particularly early AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let S be the model of a semigroup with an associate subgroup whose identity is a medial idempotent constructed by Blyth and Martins considered as a unary semigroup. For another such semigroup T, we construct all unary homomorphisms of S into T in terms of their parameters. On S we construct all unary congruences again directly from its parameters. This construction leads to a characterization of congruences in terms of kernels and traces. We describe the K, T, L, U and V relations on the lattice of all unary congruences on S, again in terms of parameters of S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A subgroup H of a regular semigroup S is said to be an associate subgroup of S if for every s ∈ S, there is a unique associate of s in H. An idempotent z of S is said to be medial if czc = c, for every c product of idempotents of S. Blyth and Martins established a structure theorem for semigroups with an associate subgroup whose identity is a medial idempotent, in terms of an idempotent generated semigroup, a group and a single homomorphism. Here, we construct a system of axioms which characterize these semigroups in terms of a unary operation satisfying those axioms. As a generalization of this class of semigroups, we characterize regular semigroups S having a subgroup which is a transversal of a congruence on S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is an affiliate management software primer for senior marketing managers. After describing the maturation of affiliate management software, both basic and advanced functions offered by vendors of that software, and the five categories into which various software programs can be placed, the article then presents the results of a survey of 209 online retailers with respect to the affiliate software they use to manage their programs. The greatest percentage of survey respondents (44%) indicates that they use some type of ASP-hosted program. The survey reveals that smaller e-tailers prefer the categories of affiliate management software that limit up-front costs, as opposed to those categories that require an initial outlay to be installed on the merchant's web server. The primer concludes with a brief tabular summary of the advantages and disadvantages of each of the five software categories and provides examples of each category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on spectroscopic studies of magnesium(II) tetracarboxyphthalocyanine molecules in liquid solutions, we have determined the role of the carboxyl groups and the aqueous medium during formation of associates. We have shown that the Q band of the associated form is split into two components of frequency separated by ∼250 cm−1. The effect of the nature of the gel matrices on the spectral luminescence properties of magnesium(II) tetracarboxyphthalocyanine has been studied by incorporating the pigment into a series of xerogels differing in the chemical structure of the inorganic framework and the nanopore surface area. We discuss the reasons for the appearance of associated forms of the pigment in different xerogels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two types of ESR spectrum (A and B) of exchange-coupled Cu2+ ions have been found for Cu-Ti-O catalysts at 77 K and 300 K. In associates A and B, the Cu2+ ions form a system with orbital ordering. The difference between the spectra is due to the difference between the ground states of adjacent Cu2+ ions in the associates: the ground states are $$d_{x^2 } $$ and $$d_{y^2 } $$ for A type associates and $$d_{x^2 - y^2 } $$ and $$d_{z^2 - x^2 } $$ for B type associates. The copper associates lie on the surface of the TiO2 (anatase) support microparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Spontaneous formation of micelles and vesicles in aqueous solutions of sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate (SDBS), didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) and their mixtures, SDBS/DDAB/H2O, was investigated using conductivity, tensiometry, potentiometry and electrophoresis. Conductometric measurements indicated a single micellar process in pure SDBS solutions, as well as in SDBS solutions with small amounts of DDAB, while aqueous DDAB solutions with or without SDBS showed two transitions. The first transition was associated with the critical vesicle concentration, while the second was attributed to the growing processes of vesicular associates from unilamellar to multilamellar vesicles. Critical parameters of the association of pure surfactants (SDBS and DDAB) were: cmc=(2.0±0.2)×10−3 moldm−3 and cvc1 =(7.8±0.6)×10−5 moldm−3, cvc2 =(3.6−6.6)×10−4 moldm−3, respectively. In the SDBS/DDAB/H2O mixtures, slightly lower critical values, i.e. cmc=(1.8±0.6)×10−3 moldm−3 and cmc=(1.2±0.1)×10−3 moldm−3, were obtained by conductometry and tensiometry, respectively. The degree of counterion dissociation from the micelles, α =(0.239±0.006), was calculated using an appropriate model. The maximum SDBS surface excess, Γ max =(2.41±0.55)×10−6 molm−2, related to the minimum area per molecule A min =(0.689±0.13)nm−2, is in agreement with the value obtained by quantum mechanical calculations, A min =0.69nm−2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Mixed catanionic solutions of sodium dodecybenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) have been investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), with special emphasis on the aggregation behavior and structures of particles spontaneously formed in dependence on the composition of the catanionic mixture SDBS/DDAB/H 2 O. Phase behavior and particle sizes have been determined. Changes of the mixture composition within two ranges (in the SDBS‐rich corner and in the DDAB‐rich corner in the highly diluted regime) correlated well with the reported changes in the vesicular and micellar sizes. In the diluted SDBS and DDAB regimes mentioned above, monodispersed micelles and monodispersed unilamellar vesicles have been found, respectively. Investigations performed in the solutions using Cryo‐TEM and light microscopy with polarizing equipment confirmed the DLS and SAXS results. The existence of polydispersed unilamellar and oligovesicular vesicles spontaneously formed in the mixtures at w tot =(0.005–0.02) was detected. Micrographs have also shown the giant vesicle formation as well as the coacervate phase formation at w tot =0.0015, x SDBS =0.4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrical resistivity of liquid Cu–Ce alloys has been measured using the four-probe method within the copper rich composition region through the temperature interval 1220–1560 K. The resistivity of Cu–Ce melts increases very strongly with increasing cerium concentration and does not show a significant variation with temperature. The percolation theory has been applied for the analysis and calculation of the conductivity of ordered Cu–Ce melts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]