Search

Background: Brucellosis (Brucella abortus) is a disease that affects cattle and has a significant economic impact on the livelihood of farmers in developing countries. Objective: The research aimed to understand the dairy smallholders’ intention to participate in the national campaign to control and eradicate bovine brucellosis in Aculco, State of Mexico. Methodology: The study was conducted with 196 farmers who were already engaged in the campaign. The reasoned action approach (RAA) was used as a theoretical framework, and Spearman rank-order correlations were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that farmers firmly intended to participate in the campaign in the next 12 months. The intention was associated with farmers’ years of experience as milk producers and perception of the importance and usefulness of the campaign in addition to farm characteristics. Farmers’ intention was also related to positive beliefs (drivers), such as participation in the campaign, preventing the disease in the herd, enabling access to government support and subsidies, and avoiding spreading the disease to people. Other social referents such as veterinarians, farmers, and farmers’ sons also played an important role in farmers’ intentions. A couple of significant constraints were identified: the lack of financial resources, communication between farmers and personnel in charge of the campaign. Implications: The study provided insights to improve extension activities towards small-scale dairy farmers to participate in the national campaign of control and eradication of bovine brucellosis. Conclusion: the three components of the RAA (attitude, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control) were strong predictors of farmers’ intention to participate in the brucellosis eradication campaign. They enabled the factors influencing farmers’ intentions to be explored more deeply.

La mastitis es la inflamación de la glándula mamaria. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar la prueba de California (CMT), evaluar el conteo de células somáticas (CCS) y la composición de la leche para determinar la relación con los agentes bacterianos identificados en una unidad de producción en Tequisquiapan, Querétaro, México. Se trabajó con 20 cabras de las razas Alpina Francesa y Toggenburg; se obtuvieron 166 muestras de leche. La prevalencia de la mastitis subclínica fue del 30%; las especies de Staphylococcus con mayor prevalencia en las cabras muestreadas fueron S. chromogenes y S. warneri. Se encontró una asociación entre el crecimiento bacteriano y la prueba de California; no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el CCS y los resultados de la CMT y tampoco entre el porcentaje de grasa, proteína, lactosa y sólidos totales (P > 0.05).

Coccinelloid beetles have a sparse fossil record in the Mesozoic. Here, we describe and illustrate an unusual coccinelloid beetle, Yassibum yoshitomii gen. et sp. nov., from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. Yassibum stands out within the Coccinelloidea due to its notched profemora and the presence of antennal grooves on the elytral epipleura. Based on our phylogenetic analyses, we suggest that Yassibum is most likely related to the family Anamorphidae. The alternative placements are critically evaluated based on our comparison of the morphology.

Background: Cell migration is essential for the immune system and is frequently analyzed in adult non-pregnant animals but poorly explored in pregnant animals. However, a physiologic increased size in the spleen and periaortic lymph nodes had been reported in pregnant mice. Methods: Using a mouse model, we transferred PKH26-stained thymocytes and splenocytes from pregnant or non-pregnant animals to receptor mice in the presence or absence of pregnancy. Percentage of PKH-26 cells and Mean Fluorescence Intensity were calculated. Non-parametric ANOVA analysis was performed. Results: We detected that the percentage of PKH26+ thymocytes in the spleen, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood is higher in females than in males (p = 0.039). Our results showed a similar frequency of thymocytes and splenocytes from pregnant and non-pregnant mice located in receptor lymphoid organs (p > 0.05). Also, the location of marked cells was similar during the perinatal period (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The mobility of thymocytes and splenocytes in pregnant and non-pregnant mice is similar. Therefore, we suggest that the larger size of the spleen and periaortic lymph nodes noted previously in pregnant mice could result from the retention of leukocytes in the secondary lymphoid organs.

La industria tequilera es de una de las más prósperas del país, aporta el 18.6% del Producto Interno Bruto nacional en el apartado de bebidas alcohólicas, junto con el mezcal con exportaciones que rebasan los 1874 millones de dólares en 2019. Se estima que 70,000 familias dependen de la industria tequilera de manera directa. Su desempeño ha sido ascendente y no se ha visto afectada a nivel producción por la pandemia de COVID-19. El año de 2020 rompió la marca de producción: más de un millón de litros de tequila diariamente, presentando además 7 años de crecimiento consecutivo. El presente documento tiene como objetivo analizar la percepción de sustentabilidad social, económica y ambiental de la industria tequilera y sus áreas de oportunidad. Se utilizó una revisión documental de tipo cualitativo-descriptivo. Dentro de los apartados de sustentabilidad se encuentra que el apartado económico está en muy buen nivel, no obstante existen retos, por ejemplo, promover un consumo responsable, mejorar los métodos de cultivo de agave, evitar la deforestación y la desertificación, desarrollar tecnologías de tratamiento de residuos que sean eficientes, rápidas y económicas para alcanzar un escenario de cero residuos y evitar la contaminación ambiental que generan la gran mayoría de las empresas del sector.

Abstract This work presents the synthesis and evaluation of Pd-Ni aerogels toward the urea oxidation reaction (UOR). The incorporation of Ni led to a 0.13 V reduction in the energy required for the oxidation and reduction of PdO compared to monometallic Pd, both in alkaline medium with and without urea. Varying the Ni ratios in Pd (Pd-Ni 4:1, Pd-Ni 1:1, and Pd-Ni 1:4) led to significant changes in the electrochemical behaviour. In alkaline medium without urea, PdNi 4:1 showed the formation of NiOOH at 1.35 V, which promoted oxygen diffusion on the electrode surface and increased the current density, confirming the increase in the active sites of NiOOH and NiPdOOH and enabling urea-based electrolysis at these sites. While palladium aerogels alone are ineffective for UOR, the presence of nickel plays a key role in enhancing the UOR efficiency. On the other hand, physicochemical characterisation revealed that PdNi 4:1 has a crystal size of 4.37 nm and a larger shift in the 2θ positions of the (111) and (200) planes, which favours electronic changes that were investigated by XPS. These changes affected the electrocatalytic activity, which is primarily related to electronic effects. The results of SEM and TEM studies and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm confirmed that the aerogels are highly porous and have an effective surface area and abundant active sites for reactions that allow efficient mass transfer and low diffusion resistance. TEM observations revealed interconnected nanochains indicating optimal electrocatalytic activity for both ORR and UOR due to high mass transfer. These interconnected networks are crucial for improving electrocatalytic activity in the urea oxidation reaction.

The dynamic behavior of the tensegrity structure (helix) of a rotary airborne wind energy (RAWE) machine was investigated by combining experimental and numerical techniques. Taking advantage of the slenderness of the helix, a dynamic model for the evolution of its center line and the torsional deformation was developed by using Cosserat theory. The constitutive relations for the axial, bending, and torsional stiffness, which are a fundamental component of the model, were obtained experimentally by carrying out laboratory tests. Three scenarios of increasing complexity were then studied with the numerical tool. Firstly, a stationary solution of the model, i.e., with fixed ends and no rotation, was found numerically and used to verify the correct implementation of a numerical code based on finite elements. The stability analysis of this solution, which corresponds to the state of the structure just after deployment but before operation, showed that the natural periods of longitudinal, lateral, and torsional modes of the RAWE structure under consideration are around 0.03, 0.2, and 0.4 s, respectively. Secondly, the dynamics in nominal operation was investigated by keeping both end tips fixed and implementing a controller that adjusts the torque at the ground to reach a target angular velocity of 120 rpm. Key characteristic variables like the tension and the response times of the helix were obtained. Thirdly, the dynamics of the helix when the lower end is fixed and the upper end is driven in a circular motion of frequency f1 was studied experimentally and numerically. The tension of the helix in the experiment increased for f1 above a certain threshold, and the structure collapsed at f1≈5 Hz. Simulation analysis revealed a resonance of the structure at a higher frequency (around 13 Hz).

Abstract Background Social prescribing (SP) is a non-clinical approach, most commonly based in healthcare units, that aims to address non-medical health-related social needs by connecting individuals with community-based services. This qualitative study explores the perception of Portuguese older adults regarding the benefits of SP and their willingness to participate in SP initiatives. Methods Three face-to-face focus group sessions were conducted with 23 participants in different cities in Portugal. Open and semi-open questions were used to guide the discussions and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results The participants recognized the potential benefits of SP for older adults, including diversifying leisure activities, improving mental health, and complementing existing support systems. They highlighted the need for external support, usually in the form of link workers, to facilitate personalized referrals and consider individual characteristics and preferences. While some participants expressed reluctance to engage in SP due to their existing busy schedules and a perceived sense of imposition, others showed openness to having new experiences and recognized the potential value of SP in promoting activity. Barriers to participation, including resistance to change, mobility issues, and family responsibilities, were identified. Conclusions The study emphasizes the importance of a person-centered and co-designed approach to SP, involving older adults in the planning and implementation of interventions. The findings provide valuable insights for the development of SP programs tailored to the unique needs and aspirations of older adults in Portugal, ultimately promoting active and healthy aging. Future research should consider the perspectives of family doctors and include a broader representation of older adults from diverse geographic areas.

Abstract Inspired by the structure of top-down derived models endowed with modular flavor symmetries, we investigate the yet phenomenologically unexplored binary dihedral group 2D 3. After building the vector-valued modular forms in the representations of 2D 3 with small modular weights, we systematically classify all (Dirac and Majorana) mass textures of fermions with fractional modular weights and all possible 2 + 1-family structures. This allows us to explore the parameter space of fermion models based on 2D 3, aiming at a description of both quarks and leptons with a minimal number of parameters and best compatibility with observed data. We consider the separate possibilities of neutrino masses generated by either a type-I seesaw mechanism or the Weinberg operator. We identify a model that, besides fitting all known flavor observables, delivers predictions for six not-yet measured parameters and favors normal-ordered neutrino masses generated by the Weinberg operator. It would be interesting to figure out whether it is possible to embed our model within a top-down scheme, such as $${\mathbb{T}}^{2}/{\mathbb{Z}}_{4}$$ heterotic orbifold compactifications.

Abstract: Background: The Psychological Science Accelerator (PSA) recently completed a large-scale moral psychology study using translated versions of the Oxford Utilitarianism Scale (OUS). However, the translated versions have no validity evidence. Objective: The study investigated the structural validity evidence of the OUS across 15 translated versions and produced version-specific validity reports. Methods: We analyzed OUS data from the PSA, which was collected internationally on a centralized online questionnaire. We also collected qualitative feedback from experts for each translated version. Results: For each version, we produced version-specific psychometric reports which include the following: (1) descriptive item and demographics analyses, (2) factor structure evidence using confirmatory factor analyses, (3) measurement invariance testing across languages using multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses and alignment optimization, and (4) reliability analyses using coefficients α and ω.

Abstract Background Many instruments used in dentistry are rotary, such as handpieces, water syringes, and ultrasonic scalers that produce aerosols. The spray created by these instruments can carry, in addition to water, droplets of saliva, blood, and microorganisms, which can pose a risk of infections for healthcare professionals and patients. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this gained attention. Objective The aim was to carry out a systematic review of the evidence of the scope of the aerosol produced by ultrasonic scaler in environmental contamination and the influence of the use of intraoral suction reduction devices. Design Scientific literature was searched until June 19, 2021 in 6 databases: Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of science, Scopus, Virtual Health Library and Cochrane Library, without restrictions on language or publication date. Studies that evaluated the range of the aerosol produced by ultrasonic scaler during scaling/prophylaxis and the control of environmental contamination generated by it with the use of low (LVE) and high (HVE) volume evacuation systems were included. Results Of the 1893 potentially relevant articles, 5 of which were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The meta-analysis of 3 RCTs showed that, even at different distances from the patient’s oral cavity, there was a significant increase in airborne bacteria in the dental environment with the use of ultrasonic scaler. In contrast, when meta-analysis compared the use of HVE with LVE, there was no significant difference (P = 0.40/CI -0.71[-2.37, 0.95]) for aerosol produced in the environment. Conclusions There is an increase in the concentration of bioaerosol in the dental environment during the use of ultrasonic scaler in scaling/prophylaxis, reaching up to 2 m away from the patient’s mouth and the use of LVE, HVE or a combination of different devices, can be effective in reducing air contamination in the dental environment, with no important difference between different types of suction devices.

Abstract Asthma exacerbations are a leading cause of pediatric hospitalizations despite multiple efforts to educate patients and families on disease course and medication management. Asthma education in the pediatric emergency department (ED) is challenging, and although the use of written action plans has been associated with reduction in hospitalizations and ED visits, written tools may not be useful for individuals with low health literacy. Moreover, asthmatic children should participate in their asthma education. In this prospective randomized study of 53 families presenting to a pediatric ED with a child experiencing an asthma exacerbation, education on asthma was presented via an interactive mobile-based video-game versus a standard-of-care asthma education video (SAV). Median age was 10 years; 64% were males. Many patients had moderate-to-severe asthma, with 57% experiencing ≥ 2 asthma-related ED visits in the last year, 58% requiring hospitalization and 32% reporting a critical care admission. In this cohort, the mobile-based video-game was found to be a feasible, acceptable educational tool; 86% of parents and 96% of children liked the game, while 96% of parents and 76% of children preferred playing the game over watching a SAV. Despite a history of persistent asthma, only 34% of children used an inhaled corticosteroid while 70% required rescue inhaler use in the prior week. Basic asthma knowledge was sub-optimal with only 60% of parents and 43% of children correctly recognizing symptoms that should prompt immediate medical care. This reflects a major gap in asthma knowledge that coexists with parental misconceptions regarding optimal asthma management.

Samples of Sr4Al6O12SO4 are obtained through a solid-state reaction of Al2O3, SrSO4, and SrCO3. The samples are then made into 1 and 4 cm pellets by compacting them at 100MPa and sintering them at 1400 °C for 4 h. The compound is analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Static immersion and wettability tests are carried out to evaluate corrosion resistance in contact with Al–Si. Corrosion tests are conducted by immersing the samples at 800, 900, and 1000 °C for 24, 50, and 100 h, while wettability is studied at 900, 1000, and 1100 °C for 2 h. Afterwards, the samples are subject to metallographic preparation. The samples are then analyzed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and image analysis. In general, reaction products consisting of alumina, spinel, oxides, and sulfates are found. The contact angles obtained are between 124° and 135°. It is concluded that the Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic substrate is resistant to corrosion by the Al–Si alloy because of the slight thickness of the reaction products found in the samples (73 μm), considering the severe conditions of the experiment: 1000 °C and 100 h of isothermal temperature. Furthermore, Sr4Al6O12SO4 is not wettable by Al–Si alloys. These results suggest that the ceramic substrate could be used in the refractory industry, possibly as an additive to commercial refractory ceramics. For future work, it is recommended to carry out the same study with the aluminum–magnesium alloy and as an additive in commercial refractory ceramics.

AbstractConsumer interactions on social media have been analysed in the literature as sources of information about their ability to generate engagement and knowledge about how to interact with brands. The present study contributes to this line of research, focusing on empirically determining those elements that affect the interaction between a fast fashion brand and its users, providing central elements of brand strategies on Instagram. This study examines the engagement generated by Primark posts on Instagram based on three coding categories that analyse the content of the message, the communication strategy and the formal and product category aspects present in the posts. This study therefore identifies the variables with the greatest potential to generate engagement with this brand’s posts on Instagram, which in turn predicts previous unexplored outcomes such as brand image and consumer loyalty. This study also provides valuable academic insights and guides fast fashion brands in their social media strategies.

Background. The southwestern region of the state of Mexico is an area with a livestock vocation. Cattle graze grasslands dominated by African Star (EA) grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) with scattered trees. In the dry season and due to the lack of forage of adequate quality and quantity, farmers use grain-based supplements. Forage conservation practices are little practiced. Objective. To evaluate two varieties of sorghum silage in the productive response of dual-purpose cows in the dry season. Methodology. 12 multiparous cows of different racial composition (GR) were used Holstein (H), Brown Swiss (PS), Girolando (GI), Beefmaster (BM) and Brahman x PS (BPS), at different stages of lactation (early, medium and late), divided into two groups with the same number of cows, randomly assigning sorghum silages of the Top Green (TG) or Sweet Cane (CD) variety (treatment (TX)), 1.7 and 1.8 kg of matter dry (DM) cow/day, respectively. In addition, the cows received 5 kg DM cow/day of a balanced concentrate of 18% crude protein (CP). The cows grazed during the day in pastures dominated by EA grass with scattered trees. The experiment lasted 8 weeks, two weeks of habituation period and six weeks (experimental periods (EP)) for sampling and recording of productive variables. Results. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the productive response due to the variety of sorghum silage, racial group, or lactation stage. Significant differences were detected in dry matter intake (kg/cow/day), milk yield (kg/cow/day), weight and weight change (kg), due to PE. The lactation stage had no significant effect on the response variables (P > 0.05), except on DM intake. The TX*PE interaction had no effect on the productive response variables, while the GR*PE interaction had significant effects on CMS, weight and weight change. Implications. Knowledge of other forage species conserved as silages, alternatives to corn in the supplementation of dairy cattle, contributes to the development of supplementation strategies less susceptible to current climatic variations. Conclusion. The silage of two varieties of sorghum, Top Green or Caña Dulce, did not have significant differences in the productive response of lactating cows in the dry season. The Top Green variety produced 22% more dry matter than the Caña Dulce variety, so under the conditions in which the experiment was carried out it would be the most recommended variety to grow as a forage supplement.

Background: Although the loss of Melipona beecheii colonies in meliponaries suggests insufficient availability of melliferous blooming plants, there is limited knowledge about the diversity and conditions of the surrounding vegetation. Question: What is the diversity, structure, and composition of the melliferous and non-melliferous vegetation surrounding meliponaries, and how does it affect the availability of food sources for bees? Study site and dates: The vegetation surrounding nine meliponaries, three in each political state of the Yucatán Peninsula encompassing the main vegetation types, was studied in 2022 and 2023. Methods: Four 150-meter-long transects with the point-centered quadrants method were traced in each meliponary to estimate plant species composition, the availability of melliferous and blooming plants (IVI), diversity parameters (Hill-numbers), tree density, and diameter per strata. Results: 312 taxa, 250 genera, and 73 plant families were recorded. In five meliponaries, blooming melliferous plants accounted for less than 9 % of the IVI, with one meliponary having no blooming species. The highest diversity was found in a meliponary surrounded by semi-evergreen forest. The high stratum had a mean tree height of 5.5 (SD ± 2.9) meters and 3,390 (SD ± 2,702) trees/hectare across vegetation types. The tree diameter was lowest in meliponaries located in the semi-deciduous forest. Conclusions: The meliponaries are surrounded by young secondary vegetation with high density of small trees and predominance of the low stratum. We found a similar vegetation diversity among meliponaries and scarce blooming melliferous plants. Human activity seems to impact plant diversity and food availability for M. beecheii.

Not available.

The dataset provides data obtained with eye-tracking while 55 volunteers solved 3 distinct neuropsychological tests on a screen inside a closed room. Among the 55 volunteers, 22 were women and 33 were men, all with ages ranging between 9 and 50, and 5 of whom were diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) [1]. The eye-tracker used for the collection of the data was an EyeTribe, which has a sampling rate of 60 Hz and an average visual angle between 0.5 and 1, which correspond to an on-screen error between 0.5 and 1cm (0.1969 to 0.393 inches aprox) respectively, when the distance to the user is around 60cm (23.62 in) [2], which was the case during the collection of these data. The neuropsychological tests were implemented in a software named NEURO-INNOVA KIDS® [3], which are the following: a domino test adapted from the D-48 intelligence test [4], an adaptation of the MASMI test consisting of unfolded cubes [5], the figures series completion test adapted from [6], and the Poppelreuter figures test [7]. Before each of the tests, a calibration process was performed, ensuring that the visual angle error was less than or equal to 0.5 cm (0.1969 in), which is considered an acceptable calibration. The collective mean duration of the four administered tests amounted to 20 minutes. This dataset exhibits significant promise for potential utilization due to the extensive prevalence of these neuropsychological assessments among healthcare practitioners for evaluating diverse cognitive faculties in individuals. Moreover, it has been empirically established that poor performance on these tests is associated with attention deficits [8].

Background: Heliopsis longipes is an endemic plant with chemical properties and medicinal use, making it a species of biological, economic, and cultural importance. Objective: To determine the habitat suitability of H. longipes and the domestication stage of the cultivation. Methodology: The presence probability was estimated using the maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt), with twenty-three bioclimatic variables as predictors from presence records. For the domestication process, 79 surveys focused on the knowledge of reproductive biology, production, and management of the species were conducted. Results: The habitat suitability is determined by three variables: precipitation seasonality (51%), soil type (26%), and isothermality (22%). Considering the domestication stages, 81% of farmers are in stage five, where the species is cultivated and harvested using traditional practices, and 11% are in stage four, where general features of the reproductive biology are known. Implications: The importance of climatic and edaphic factors in the species distribution and the cultivation's domestication stage are highlighted. This provides a foundation for conservation strategy design. Conclusions: The contribution of specific variables to habitat suitability underscores the importance of climatic and edaphic factors in the species distribution. Three groups of farmers with different knowledge and cultivation practices were identified, placing them in two different stages of the species domestication process.

Monotherapy is the recommended initial treatment for early Parkinson’s disease. The pharmacological options for initial treatment include dopaminergic agonists, monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, and levodopa formulations. Several factors should be considered when selecting the optimal treatment, such as disease severity, disease duration, age, activity level, and the risk of developing motor and non-motor complications. Early evidence on the potential role of levodopa formulations in the risk of dyskinesia led to levodopa aversion in the late 1990s and early 2000s, favoring the use of levodopa-sparing options like dopamine agonists. This shift resulted in an increase in behavioral adverse effects, such as impulse control disorders, leading to a subsequent dopamine agonist aversion in the mid-2000s. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the existing literature regarding the benefits and drawbacks of levodopa versus levodopa-sparing strategies in drug-naive early-stage Parkinson’s disease.

Background: The Health Institute for Well-being (INSABI) in Mexico offers an online course on Primary Health Care (PHC) that contributes to the implementation of the Model of Health Care for Well-Being (MAS-Bienestar). This study, conducted in a general hospital in the highly populated area of Acapulco in the state of Guerrero on the southwestern coast of Mexico, provides a unique perspective on PHC implementation. Objetive: To determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding PHC in the healthcare personnel of a secondary hospital in Mexico. Materials and methods: A self-administered KAP questionnaire was used in a cross-sectional study involving 200 health-care workers at the Hospital General Renacimiento. Results: The mean knowledge score was 6.58 (SD = 1.7), and 59 % of participants (n = 117) had a score above the mean, while the mean practice score was 5.96 (SD = 1.38) and 34 % of the participants (n = 68) were above the mean. The final multiple linear regression model showed that time working in the hospital and having previously been trained in PHC were significant factors for knowledge. At the same time, gender was substantial for practices, with females scoring significantly lower on this dimension. After attitude was dichotomized into positive and negative, a binary logistic regression model showed that positive attitudes were associated with taking the PHC course. Conclusions: While most of the participants had positive KAP to PHC, there was a general notion that PHC only involved healthcare workers at the first level. Training in PHC is essential to improving the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare personnel.

Cytosine is an essential chemical molecule in living systems, such as DNA and RNA, it is essential in astrobiology to study how it behaves under probable primitive conditions. We looked at how cytosine broke down in aqueous solutions exposed to high radiation levels to learn more about how stable it might have been on the early Earth. We conducted various types of analysis, such as ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and high-pressure liquid chromatography. We also developed a computer model to describe the kinetic processes and learn more about the molecules involved in the system. This model fits the results of experiments and lets us study cytosine's stability when it is exposed to gamma radiation. It enables researchers to theorize processes that are hard to test in the laboratory and is essential for studying how stable cytosine behaves in high-radiation settings.

La demanda a nivel mundial de los hospitales, ha aumentado al paso del tiempo, siendo este espacio el reflejo de diversos sucesos históricos que le han orillado a adaptarse a diversas condiciones físicas, sociales y ambientales a las que se enfrenta la sociedad, a su vez, careciendo de espacios indispensables para sus funcionamientos. La finalidad de este artículo es generar conciencia en los arquitectos para la implementación de estrategias en el diseño con el uso de energías limpias, sobre todo en el sector salud, a nivel nacional e internacional ya que como se sabe son los nosocomios que generan mayor índice de contaminación en los desechos (orgánicos, inorgánicos y RPBI) que diariamente se producen así como también el espacio arquitectónico que consume mayores energéticos por ejemplo “Según el Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina (13), una distribución típica del consumo de energía en hospitales sería: 51% en climatización, 12% en ventilación y bombas, 6% en agua caliente sanitaria, 14% en iluminación y 17% en equipos. Con estos antecedentes mediante un enfoque más empático hacía el medio ambiente, integrando las normas LEED al diseño como alternativa urgente se pretende que con esta implementación de certificación en el sector salud, y los espacios correctamente equipados mejoren la calidad, la atención médica y evitaran gastos energéticos innecesarios. Otra implementación son los espacios verdes que nos benefician de diferentes formas, ya que, existen estudios que sugieren que estos disminuyen las condiciones desfavorables de salud incluyendo las patologías cardiovasculares, diabetes y cáncer. Existe una gran problemática social/ambiental que requiere crear conciencia para las futuras construcciones integrando diversos factores, ya que el crecimiento de la población demanda con fuerza los recursos y los espacios, creando colapso en situaciones de emergencia, es por ello que las edificaciones deben responder a demandas actuales y futuras.

Background: Enabling, supporting and promoting positive health-related behaviours is critical in addressing the major public health challenges of our time, and the multifaceted nature of behaviours requires an evidence-based approach. This statement seeks to suggest how a much-needed enhanced use of behavioural and cultural science and insights for health could be advanced. Study design and methods: and methods: Public health authorities of Europe and Central Asia and international partner organizations in September 2023 met in Copenhagen, Denmark, to discuss the way forward. Drawing on 1) country reporting to WHO, 2) interview study with public health authorities and 3) the meeting deliberations, this meeting statement was developed. Results: The meeting statement presents a joint call for step-change accelerated use of evidence-based approaches for health behaviours. Actionable next steps for public health authorities and international and regional development partners in health are presented. Conclusions: The way forward involves increased resource allocation, integration of behavioural insights into health strategies, advocacy through case and cost-effectiveness examples and capacity building.

This qualitative case study explores how undocumented students in North Carolina navigate their identity, belonging, and decision-making about activist efforts. Drawing on fieldwork and interview data (2017-2019), we provide policy context and empirical evidence through the voices of undocumented youth about their everyday realities and dilemmas that being undocumented with the benefits from the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program (DACA) present. We shed light on local resistance and the complexity of undocumented youths' lives as they navigate their immigration status and find belonging in the local community of activists.

Most genetic studies consider autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental disorder (DD) separately despite overwhelming comorbidity and shared genetic etiology. Here, we analyzed de novo variants (DNVs) from 15,560 ASD (6,557 from SPARK) and 31,052 DD trios independently and also combined as broader neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) using three models. We identify 615 NDD candidate genes (false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05) supported by ≥1 models, including 138 reaching Bonferroni exome-wide significance (P < 3.64e-7) in all models. The genes group into five functional networks associating with different brain developmental lineages based on single-cell nuclei transcriptomic data. We find no evidence for ASD-specific genes in contrast to 18 genes significantly enriched for DD. There are 53 genes that show mutational bias, including enrichments for missense (n = 41) or truncating (n = 12) DNVs. We also find 10 genes with evidence of male- or female-bias enrichment, including 4 X chromosome genes with significant female burden (DDX3X, MECP2, WDR45, and HDAC8). This large-scale integrative analysis identifies candidates and functional subsets of NDD genes.

Abstract Painted turtles are remarkable for their freeze tolerance and supercooling ability along with their associated resilience to hypoxia/anoxia and oxidative stress, rendering them an ideal biomedical model for hypoxia-induced injuries (including strokes), tissue cooling during surgeries, and organ cryopreservation. Yet, such research is hindered by their seasonal reproduction and slow maturation. Here we developed and characterized adult stem cell-derived turtle liver organoids (3D self-assembled in vitro structures) from painted, snapping, and spiny softshell turtles spanning ~175My of evolution, with a subset cryopreserved. This development is, to the best of our knowledge, a first for this vertebrate Order, and complements the only other non-avian reptile organoids from snake venom glands. Preliminary characterization, including morphological, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses, revealed organoids enriched in cholangiocytes. Deriving organoids from distant turtles and life stages demonstrates that our techniques are broadly applicable to chelonians, permitting the development of functional genomic tools currently lacking in herpetological research. Such platform could potentially support studies including genome-to-phenome mapping, gene function, genome architecture, and adaptive responses to climate change, with implications for ecological, evolutionary, and biomedical research.

Abstract Background Anorectal fistula, which is a relatively common pathology, is the chronic manifestation of the acute perirectal process that forms an anal abscess. The development of a fistula after incision and drainage of an anal abscess is seen in approximately 26–37%. Its treatment is a relevant topic, and the role of the use of antibiotic therapy in its prevention remains controversial, after the publication of several studies with contradictory results and several methodological limitations. Our hypothesis is that the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid will reduce the incidence of anal fistula. Method The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotherapy after surgical drainage of perianal abscess in the development of perianal fistula. The PERIQxA study is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind controlled trial. The study has been designed to include 286 adult patients who will be randomly (1:1) assigned to either the experimental (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 875/125 mg TDS for 7 days) or the control arm (placebo). The primary outcome measure is the percentage of patients that develop perianal fistula after surgery and during follow-up (6 months). Discussion This clinical trial is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of amoxicillin/clavulanic in the prevention of perianal fistula. The results of this study are expected to contribute to stablish the potential role of antibiotherapy in the therapeutics for anal abscess. Trial registration EudraCT Number: 2021–003376-14. Registered on November 26, 2021.

Los estilos de masturbación atípicos son un resultado de un retro-ceso en la normalización y difusión de información correcta sobre la masturbación. La masturbación prona y sus diferentes tipos se han asociado a padecimientos como la anorgasmia, disfunción eréctil, y eyaculación retardada. Por lo anterior, recientemente se ha reenfocado su estudio hacia su implementación en la terapia conductual para el manejo de la eyaculación precoz

We report the publication of 953 DNA barcodes of forest leaf litter beetles from central Taiwan, in total representing 334 species of 36 beetle families. This is the first bulk of data from the Taiwanese Leaf Litter beetles project focused on uncovering the under-explored diversity of leaf litter beetles across Taiwan. Based on these data, we provide the first records of the following taxa for Taiwan: family Sphindidae (genus Aspidiphorus Ziegler, 1821); tribes Trichonychini, Ctenistini, and Bythinoplectini (all Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae); genera Gyrelon Hinton, 1942, Thyroderus Sharp, 1885, Cautomus Sharp, 1885 (all Cerylonidae), Dermatohomoeus Hlisnikovský, 1963 (Leiodidae), Paraploderus Herman, 1970 (Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae), Thinocharis Kraatz, 1859 (Staphylinidae: Paederinae), Cephennodes Reitter, 1884, Napoconnus Franz, 1957 (both Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae), Bicava Belon, 1884 (Latridiidae), Otibazo Morimoto, 1961, Seleuca Pascoe, 1871 and Acallinus Morimoto, 1962 (all Curculionidae); species Oodes (Lachnocrepis) japonicus (Bates, 1873) (Carabidae: Licininae), Drusilla obliqua (Bernhauer, 1916) (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) and Coccotrypes advena Blandford, 1894 (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). The records of Anapleus Horn, 1873 (Histeridae) and Batraxis Reitter, 1882 (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) have been confirmed. The male of Sivacrypticus taiwanicus Kaszab, 1964 (Archeocrypticidae) is described for the first time. Gyrelon jenpani Hu, Fikáček & Matsumoto, sp. nov. (Cerylonidae) is described, illustrated, and compared with related species. DNA barcodes associated larvae of 42 species with adults, we are concisely illustrating some of these: Oodes japonicus, Perigona cf. nigriceps Dejean, 1831 (both Carabidae), Ptilodactyla sp. (Ptilodactylidae), Maltypus ryukyuanus Wittmer, 1970 (Cantharidae), Drusilla obliqua, Myrmecocephalus brevisulcus (Pace, 2008), Diochus sp., Mimopinophilus sp. (all Staphylinidae), Stelidota multiguttata Reitter, 1877, Lasiodites inaequalis (Grouvelle, 1914) (both Nitidulidae), Lagria scutellaris Pic, 1910, and Anaedus spinicornis Kaszab, 1973 (both Tenebrionidae). We also report the first cases of Rickettsia infections in Scydmaeninae and Pselaphinae. All data (sequences, metadata, and voucher photos) are made public in BOLD database and in a Zenodo Archive.