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Objetivo: explorar cómo los conocimientos y las prácticas agroalimentarias de las mujeres mayas en sus solares posibilitan la reproducción continua de las formas de vida maya peninsulares. Metodología: métodos cualitativos: encuestas, entrevistas semiestructuradas, observación participante y caminatas comentadas en solares, parcelas y milpas. Una revisión documental sobre los temas principales complementó esta información. Resultados: las mujeres mayas realizan sus actividades agroalimentarias en los solares dentro de los territorios bioculturales peninsulares combinando conocimientos y prácticas que provienen de memorias y tradiciones transmitidas generacionalmente. Limitaciones: la emergencia sanitaria por el Covid-19 limitó las interacciones con las personas participantes. Conclusiones: el trabajo (re)productivo de las mujeres posibilita la continuidad de las formas de vida mayas en los territorios bioculturales peninsulares y es un componente vital para la autonomía y soberanía del pueblo maya.

We sought to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and neurologic outcomes following acute COVID-19 infection. We conducted a retrospective electronic medical record-based cohort study enrolling adults with laboratory-confirmed acute COVID-19 infection who presented to 1 of 12 academic and community hospitals in Southwestern Ontario, Canada between April 1, 2020 and July 31, 2021. Primary subjective (anosmia, dysgeusia, and/or headache) and objective (aseptic meningitis, ataxia, delirium, encephalopathy, encephalitis, intracranial hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, and/or seizure) composite neurologic outcomes were assessed, comparing obese and overweight individuals to those with underweight/normal BMI indices, adjusting for baseline characteristics. Secondary outcomes (severity of illness, length of hospital stay, SARS-CoV-2 viral load, mortality) were similarly analyzed. A total of 1437 enrolled individuals, of whom 307 (21%), 456 (32%), and 674 (47%) were underweight/normal, overweight, and obese, respectively. On multivariable analysis, there was no association between BMI category and the composite outcome for subjective (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% CI 0.84-1.64, Bonferroni p = 1.00 for obese; OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.70-1.48; Bonferroni p = 1.00 for overweight) and objective (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.42-1.30, p = 0.29 for obese; OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.45-1.43, p = 0.45 for overweight) neurologic manifestations. There was no association between BMI category and any secondary outcome measure and no evidence of effect modification by age or sex. This study demonstrates the absence of an association between BMI and neurologic manifestations following acute COVID-19 illness. Prospective studies using standardized data collection tools and direct measures of body fat are warranted to obtain more valid effect estimates.

El trabajo analiza la visita de Estado que Franco realizó al Portugal de Sa­lazar, en octubre de 1949. Este viaje se preparó con fines propagandísticos para romper el aislamiento internacio­nal de España y mejorar la imagen del caudillo en el exterior. Con la utilización de las perspectivas histórica, cuantitati­va, cualitativa y comparativa se analiza este acontecimiento y las informaciones que proporcionaron dos diarios espa­ñoles (ABC y Arriba) y dos portugueses (Diário de Notícias y Diário da Man­hã), sometidos a un potente sistema de censura y consignas. La investigación concluye que un formidable aparato propagandístico convirtió este acto en un éxito. Para este fin, se recuperó y re­vitalizó el arsenal mitológico creado por el régimen desde la misma Guerra Civil. En el nuevo contexto de la Guerra Fría, el caudillo apareció como un adelanta­do a su época por haber frenado al co­munismo desde el 18 de julio de 1936. Franco in Portugal: The Revitalisation of Franquist Myths in Order to Break International Barriers This study analyses Franco’s state visit to Salazar’s Portugal in October 1949. This visit was organized with the pro­pagandist aim of improving Franco’s international image and thus breaking Spain’s isolation. This event is analysed using historical, quantitative, qualita­tive and comparative perspectives to assess two Spanish (ABC and Arriba) and two Portuguese (Diário de Notí­cias and Diário da Manhã) daily news­papers, all subject to strong censorship mechanisms. This study concludes that a formidable propagandistic structure made a success out of the visit. To this end, the arsenal of myths created by the regime from the time of the Spanish Civil War was recovered and revitalised. In the new context of the Cold War, Franco was seen as a leader who was ahead of his time for having put an end to communism on July 18, 1936.

Climate change causes impacts on the Earth system, negatively influencing biodiversity, habitats and ecosystems, with strong repercussions for human beings. Climate change also has a negative impact on the Geodiversity, which is perceptible on a human time scale in degradation and loss of geoheritage in volcanic islands. Thus it is urgent to develop research to evaluate the effects of climate change and its influence in geoconservation and public use in protected natural areas. It should also be noted that geoheritage is made up mainly of natural elements of a non-renewable nature, the loss of which is irreversible.During the last decades, the economy of the Canary Islands has been closely linked to the public use of its Protected Natural Areas and to the tourism activities related to them. Given the great importance of the geoheritage included into the four National Parks of Canary Islands for multiple tourism sectors and indirectly for other sectors, it is not surprising that it is a matter of concern, and of urgent need, to explore the possible responses of the geosites to the climate change scenarios that several IPCC models have simulated for the coming decades in Spain and, specifically, for the Canary Islands. In this case, where the geosites of the Canary national parks have legal protection, their conservation status is not homogeneous and some are threatened in the short and medium term, with a high risk of degradation, which makes them worthy of forming a 'Red List of geoheritage'.The most threatened geoheritage of the Canary National Parks has been identified in order to assess their vulnerability and risk of degradation due to the impacts of Climate Change. For this purpose, measures have been designed to assess the conservation status of the most threatened geosites whose evolution over time is not well known, including monitoring of active processes triggered by climate change. The use of direct and indirect mitigation measures, including public participation, have been considered to increase their resilience and adaptation.With the 'Red List' geosites, the creation of a Digital Image Bank and full-scale replicas of sedimentary structures, fossils and minerals will be implemented as a preventive conservation measure. This climate change adaptation measure for geoconservation is very innovative and fully replicable and reproducible in other national and international protected natural areas. This Image Bank and the Replicas will also be a very effective tool for management as a transfer to public administrations and society whose main objective is to be able to digitally recreate the most threatened geosites, whose loss may occur within 100 years.Funded by Organismo Autónomo de Parques Nacionales, research project 2779/2021 “Impactos, vulnerabilidad y resiliencia de la Geodiversidad y el Patrimonio Geológico ante el Cambio Global en los Parques Nacionales Canarios (IVRIPARC)”

A pandemia de covid-19, declarada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde a 11 de março de 2020, teve um impacto imediato no quotidiano das sociedades globalizadas. No ocidente, a doença desafiou a democracia e as liberdades individuais e cívicas, ao mesmo tempo que demonstrou a centralidade do Estado e dos governos na gestão da crise. Para a concretização das orientações emanadas pelos responsáveis políticos, foram centrais as estratégias e dispositivos comunicacionais de executivos governamentais e autoridades sanitárias, assim como a sua capacidade para influenciar a agenda dos media dominantes. Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre as estratégias de comunicação utilizadas pelo governo português na gestão da crise e os seus reflexos na cobertura jornalística televisiva, analisada a partir de um estudo empírico que incide sobre os 3 primeiros meses da propagação do vírus em Portugal. Utiliza-se uma metodologia de análise de conteúdo, quantitativa e qualitativa, com base em categorias unívocas pré-determinadas sistematizadas no programa Excel. Inicia-se a exposição apresentando alguns elementos de enquadramento político, social e comunicacional que envolvem o desenrolar da pandemia ao longo do ano de 2020, no mundo e em Portugal. Em seguida, sintetizam-se tendências e estratégias de comunicação de organizações internacionais e nacionais. Por fim, os resultados da análise empírica são apresentados, discutidos e interpretados da perspetiva das estratégias de comunicação das instituições de saúde pública sobre a cobertura jornalística da pandemia., The covid-19 pandemic, declared by the World Health Organisation on 11 March 2020, had an immediate impact on the daily life of globalised societies. In the west, the virus has defied democracy and individual freedoms while demonstrating the centrality of the State and governments in managing the crisis. Communication strategies of governments and health authorities and their ability to influence mainstream media agendas were paramount in the deployment of public health restrictions and guidelines. This paper reflects on the communication strategies used by the Portuguese government during the covid-19 crisis and on their impacts on television coverage. This study was based on an empirical analysis of the first 3 months of the pandemic in Portugal by using a quantitative and qualitative assessment of news content and pre-determined systematised univocal categories. We start by presenting the global and national political, social and communicational frameworks in 2020, followed by a summary of trends and communication strategies of national and international organisations. The results are presented, discussed and interpreted from the point of view of the media coverage and communication strategies used by political and health authorities.

O ano de 2020 ficará marcado na memória mundial como o ano da pandemia de Covid-19. Embora a doença tenha eclodido na China no final de 2019, a sua propagação foi posterior e veio colocar em causa a sociedade globalizada, com efeitos sociais, políticos e económicos graves, mas ainda a serem determinados em toda a sua extensão. Na cobertura do surto o jornalismo, em crise há algu- mas décadas (Zelizer, 2004; 2009; 2015; 2017), reassumiu um papel central e ad- quiriu um novo vigor, viajando por múltiplos dispositivos e écrans (Deuze, 2019). Em Portugal, num cenário de isolamento, predominantemente familiar, a televisão emergiu como elo social (Wolton, 1994), confirmando que continua ser o médium dominante (ERC, 2016, 2019; OBERCOM, 2018; Statista, 2019). Neste contexto, a nossa homenagem a Nelson Traquina tem como objetivo apresentar, comen- tar e discutir a sua contribuição para o estudo do jornalismo em Portugal a partir da análise da cobertura jornalística televisiva da crise pandémica. Com este fim, recuperámos estudos teóricos sobre as Teorias da Notícia e os estudos empíri- cos sobre o HIV/SIDA realizados pelo autor (por exemplo, Traquina, 1993; 2002; 2004; 2010; Traquina e al., 2001). Elegemos um corpus de análise empírico, com- preendido por blocos de jornais televisivos dos canais generalistas RTP1, SIC e TVI. Utilizamos uma metodologia fundada na construção de uma base de dados em File Maker Pro inspirada nos trabalhos de Traquina sobre o HIV/SIDA. Os re- sultados obtidos, ainda que com caráter exploratório, permitem a discussão das teorias da notícia enquanto construção (Traquina, 1993) e o papel das rotinas na produção da informação televisiva.

As eleições presidenciais brasileiras de 2018 suscitaram uma grande curiosidade em Portugal e a cobertura jornalística da imprensa e das televisões, abertas e generalistas, refletem esse interesse. Este artigo procura, na introdução, contextualizar os elementos históricos, culturais, políticos e económicos que subjazem à interrelação Portugal-Brasil, pautada por movimentos pendulares humanos contínuos. Em seguida, enquadra-se as eleições brasileiras em tendências macro-políticas mundiais, tendo em consideração a crise das democracias no Ocidente, a emergência de governos populistas, autocráticos e autoritários, assim como a utilização/manipulação dos Media e das redes sociais. Segue-se o estudo empírico sobre a cobertura jornalística das Eleições Presidenciais Brasileiras de 2018, na imprensa (2 diários; 2 semanários e 2 revistas) e na televisão (3 telejornais de canais abertos). Os resultados apontam para uma cobertura intensa tanto na imprensa como na televisão, com um número de notícias significativo, as quais envolvem correspondentes especiais enviados ao Brasil, comentadores de televisão e colunistas de imprensa, para além de testemunhos de personalidades e de cidadãos comuns portugueses e brasileiros. O clima de estupefacção e de incredulidade face ao candidato vencedor prevalece não só nas matérias jornalísticas, como nos comentários e artigos de opinião, até ao final da análise realizada, que decorreu de 1 de Setembro a 1 de Dezembro de 2018. AbstractThe Brazilian presidential elections of 2018 aroused a great curiosity in Portugal and the press and television coverage reflect this interest. This article seeks to contextualize the historical, cultural, political and economic elements that underlie the interrelationship between Portugal and Brazil, guided by continuous human movements. Then, the Brazilian elections are framed in global macro-political trends, taking into account the crisis of democracies in the West, the emergence of populist, autocratic and authoritarian governments, as well as the use / manipulation of the Media and social networks. Next we presented the empirical study on the journalistic coverage of the Brazilian Presidential Elections of 2018, in the press (2 daily newspapers, 2 weekly and 2 magazines) and in television (3 open channels of news programs). The results point to intense coverage in both the press and television, with a significant number of news items, which include special correspondents sent to Brazil, television commentators and press columnists, as well as testimonies of personalities and ordinary Portuguese and Brazilians citizens. The atmosphere of stupefaction and disbelief towards the winning candidate prevails not only in journalistic matters, but also in comments and opinion articles, until the end of the review, which took place from 1 September to 1 December 2018.ResumenLas elecciones presidenciales brasileñas de 2018 motivaron una considerable curiosidad en Portugal y la cobertura de noticias en la prensa y en la televisión, abierta y general, reflejan este interés. En la introducción de este articulo se pretende hacer la contextualización de los elementos históricos, culturales, políticas y económicas que subyacen en la interrelación Portugal-Brasil, enmarcada por los desplazamientos humanos pendulares. A continuación, se encuadra las elecciones brasileñas en tendencias macro-políticas mundiales, teniendo en cuenta la crisis de las democracias en el Occidente, la emergencia de gobiernos populistas, autocráticos y autoritarios, así como la utilización / manipulación de los medios y de las redes sociales. Seguidamente se presenta un estudio empírico sobre la cobertura periodística de las Elecciones Presidenciales Brasileñas de 2018, en la prensa (2 diarios, 2 semanales y 2 revistas) y en la televisión (3 telediarios de canales abiertos). Los resultados apuntan a una fuerte cobertura tanto en la prensa como en la televisión, con una cantidad importante de noticias, cuya producción implicó corresponsales especiales enviados a Brasil, comentaristas de televisión y columnistas de la prensa, bien como testimonios tanto de personalidades como de ciudadanos comunes portugueses y brasileños. El clima de estupefacción y de incredulidad frente al candidato vencedor prevalece no sólo en las materias periodísticas, como en los comentarios y artículos de opinión, hasta el final del análisis realizado, que tuvo lugar entre el 1 de septiembre e el 1 de diciembre de 2018.

Introduction Improvement in mental health care services is going through a greater involvement of people with mental disorders and their families. Our aim was to directly ask the opinion of people with psychosis and their caregivers about their needs and preference for treatment. Methods The authors designed an anonymous survey containing 9 questions about their needs or suggestions on different areas such as personal and social dimensions of the illness, medical and psychotherapeutic treatment, psychosocial rehabilitation or help received from professionals. A pilot study was done to ensure the adequacy and intelligibility of the form. The final survey consisted of 5.205 completed surveys were collected, corresponding to 2.840 people diagnosed with psychotic disorder (including schizophrenia) and 1.341 caregivers, from all over Spain. Results The most important need as assessed by participants was emotional support (friendships, partner, family). 91% of patients indicated that this need was “quite” or “very important”. Both people with schizophrenia and caregivers perceived their health to be poor (3.29 and 3.30 respectively on an ascending scale from 0 to 5). 43% of males and 39% of females reported having “little” or “no” freedom to make important life decisions. For 35% of participants the psychotherapeutic treatment was instituted too late. Work was “important” or “very important” for 74% of respondents, especially for young people. The most valued anti-stigma initiative was to increase investments in schizophrenia healthcare plans. Conclusions Designers of mental health care services should consider the importance given by people diagnosed with psychosis to emotional needs, perception of freedom to make choices and early intervention.

A cohort of 172 patients diagnosed clinically with nonsyndromic retinal dystrophies, from 110 families underwent full ophthalmologic examination, including retinal imaging, electrophysiology, and optical coherence tomography, when feasible. Molecular analysis was performed using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). Variants were filtered and prioritized according to the minimum allele frequency, and finally classified according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and array comparative genomic hybridization were performed to validate copy number variations identified by NGS. The diagnostic yield of this study was 62% of studied families. Thirty novel mutations were identified. The study found phenotypic intra- and interfamilial variability in families with mutations in C1QTNF5, CERKL, and PROM1; biallelic mutations in PDE6B in a unilateral retinitis pigmentosa patient; interocular asymmetry RP in 50% of the symptomatic RPGR-mutated females; the first case with possible digenism between CNGA1 and CNGB1; and a ROM1 duplication in two unrelated retinitis pigmentosa families. Ten unrelated cases were reclassified. This study highlights the clinical utility of targeted NGS for nonsyndromic inherited retinal dystrophy cases and the importance of full ophthalmologic examination, which allows new genotype-phenotype associations and expands the knowledge of this group of disorders. Identifying the cause of disease is essential to improve patient management, provide accurate genetic counseling, and take advantage of gene therapy-based treatments.

[ES] Introducción: La mejora en los servicios de atención de salud mental pasa por una mayor participación de las personas con trastornos mentales y sus familias. Nuestro objetivo fue preguntar directamente la opinión de las personas con psicosis y sus cuidadores sobre sus necesidades y preferencias de tratamiento. Métodos: Los autores diseñaron una encuesta anónima que contenía 9 preguntas sobre sus necesidades o sugerencias en diferentes áreas, como las dimensiones personales y sociales de la enfermedad, el tratamiento médico y psicoterapéutico, la rehabilitación psicosocial o la ayuda recibida de profesionales. Se realizó un estudio piloto para asegurar la adecuación y la inteligibilidad de las preguntas. Se recogieron 5.205 encuestas completas, correspondientes a 2.840 personas diagnosticadas de trastorno psicótico (incluyendo esquizofrenia) y 1.341 cuidadores, de toda España. Resultados: La necesidad más importante según la evaluación de los participantes fue el apoyo emocional (amistades, pareja, familia). El 91% de los pacientes indicaron que esta necesidad era «bastante» o «muy importante». Tanto las personas con esquizofrenia como los cuidadores percibían que su salud era pobre (3,29 y 3,3, respectivamente, en una escala ascendente de 0 a 5). El 43% de los hombres y el 39% de las mujeres refirieron tener «poca» o «ninguna» libertad para tomar decisiones vitales importantes. Para el 35% del total de participantes el tratamiento psicoterapéutico se instauró demasiado tarde. El trabajo fue «importante» o «muy importante» para el 74% de los encuestados, especialmente para los jóvenes. La iniciativa contra el estigma más valorada fue aumentar la inversión en planes de atención para la esquizofrenia. Conclusiones: Los gestores de servicios de atención de salud mental deben considerar la importancia que otorgan las personas diagnosticadas de psicosis a las necesidades emocionales, la percepción de libertad para tomar decisiones y la intervención temprana., [EN] Introduction: Improvement in mental health care services is going through a greater involvement of people with mental disorders and their families. Our aim was to directly ask the opinion of people with psychosis and their caregivers about their needs and preference for treatment. Methods: The authors designed an anonymous survey containing 9 questions about their needs or suggestions on different areas such as personal and social dimensions of the illness, medical and psychotherapeutic treatment, psychosocial rehabilitation or help received from professionals. A pilot study was done to ensure the adequacy and intelligibility of the form. The final survey consisted of 5.205 completed surveys were collected, corresponding to 2.840 people diagnosed with psychotic disorder (including schizophrenia) and 1.341 caregivers, from all over Spain. Results: The most important need as assessed by participants was emotional support (friendships, partner, family). 91% of patients indicated that this need was «quite» or «very important». Both people with schizophrenia and caregivers perceived their health to be poor (3.29 and 3.30 respectively on an ascending scale from 0 to 5). 43% of males and 39% of females reported having «little» or «no» freedom to make important life decisions. For 35% of participants the psychotherapeutic treatment was instituted too late. Work was «important» or «very important» for 74% of respondents, especially for young people. The most valued anti-stigma initiative was to increase investments in schizophrenia healthcare plans. Conclusions: Designers of mental health care services should consider the importance given by people diagnosed with psychosis to emotional needs, perception of freedom to make choices and early intervention.

This study validated the performance of the reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) based Cepheid Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay against the TIB MOLBIOL E-gene/EAV, a standard laboratory rRT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 assay. Upper and lower respiratory tract samples (nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs, bronchoalveolar lavage, and tracheal aspirate) were obtained from patients suspected to have contracted COVID-19. Results from the Xpert® Xpress and standard rRT-PCR assays were compared for positive and negative agreement and analyzed for precision, reproducibility, 95% confidence intervals, and coefficients of variation. The Xpert® Xpress assay demonstrated 100% agreement with the standard lab rRT-PCR for both upper and lower respiratory tract samples. Both the Xpert® Xpress and lab rRT-CPR identified weakly positive (Ct values 35–39) sample replicates with 100% reproducibility and showed 100% precision in identifying triplicates of upper respiratory tract samples. The single-cartridge Xpert® Xpress system has a short turnaround time and can be employed to improve patient management and hospital bed allocation. Further verification of the system is required before implementation and consideration must be paid to its higher cost and impracticality for high-throughput use.

This paper proposes an energy management system (EMS) for a photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected charging station with a battery energy storage system (BESS). The main objective of this EMS is to manage the energy delivered to the electric vehicle (EV), considering the price and CO2 emissions due to the grid’s connection. Thus, we present a multi-objective two-stage optimization to reduce the impact of the charging station on the environment, as well as the costs. The first stage of the optimization provides an energy schedule, taking into account the PV forecast, the hourly grid’s CO2 emissions factor, the electricity price, and the initial state of charge of the BESS. The output from this first stage corresponds to the maximum power permitted to be delivered to the EV by the grid. Then, the second stage of the optimization is based on model predictive control that looks to manage the energy flow from the grid, the PV, and the BESS. The proposed EMS is validated using an actual PV/BESS charging station located at the University of Trieste, Italy. Then, this paper presents an analysis of the performance of the charging station under the new EMS considering three main aspects, economic, environmental, and energy, for one month of data. The results show that due to the proposed optimization, the new energy profile guarantees a reduction of 32% in emissions and 29% in energy costs.

Psychosis is the most ineffable experience of mental disorder. We provide here the first co‐written bottom‐up review of the lived experience of psychosis, whereby experts by experience primarily selected the subjective themes, that were subsequently enriched by phenomenologically‐informed perspectives. First‐person accounts within and outside the medical field were screened and discussed in collaborative workshops involving numerous individuals with lived experience of psychosis as well as family members and carers, representing a global network of organizations. The material was complemented by semantic analyses and shared across all collaborators in a cloud‐based system. The early phases of psychosis (i.e., premorbid and prodromal stages) were found to be characterized by core existential themes including loss of common sense, perplexity and lack of immersion in the world with compromised vital contact with reality, heightened salience and a feeling that something important is about to happen, perturbation of the sense of self, and need to hide the tumultuous inner experiences. The first episode stage was found to be denoted by some transitory relief associated with the onset of delusions, intense self‐referentiality and permeated self‐world boundaries, tumultuous internal noise, and dissolution of the sense of self with social withdrawal. Core lived experiences of the later stages (i.e., relapsing and chronic) involved grieving personal losses, feeling split, and struggling to accept the constant inner chaos, the new self, the diagnosis and an uncertain future. The experience of receiving psychiatric treatments, such as inpatient and outpatient care, social interventions, psychological treatments and medications, included both positive and negative aspects, and was determined by the hope of achieving recovery, understood as an enduring journey of reconstructing the sense of personhood and re‐establishing the lost bonds with others towards meaningful goals. These findings can inform clinical practice, research and education. Psychosis is one of the most painful and upsetting existential experiences, so dizzyingly alien to our usual patterns of life and so unspeakably enigmatic and human.

This paper proposes an Explicit Model Predictive Control (eMPC) for the energy management of an e-vehicle charging station fueled by a photovoltaic plant (PV), a battery energy storage system (BESS), and the electrical grid. The method computes offline an explicit solution of the MPC, which is stored and then used for real time control. Multiparametric programming is used to calculate the explicit solution by mapping the MPC laws as a function of uncertain parameters. In this paper, the uncertainties introduced into the multiparametric programming are the photovoltaic power production, the electricity price, the battery's state of charge, and the electric vehicle power consumption. Moreover, the environmental impact of the charging station operation is considered through the CO2 emissions level. The explicit solution is computed for a specific range of uncertain parameters. Then, during the real-time control, their current values are measured to evaluate the control laws saved beforehand. The proposed approach, consisting of an offline MPC-based determination of the control laws followed by their online use, reduces the computational burden without affecting the MPC performance. Numerical simulations and experimental results confirm the eMPC's performance for the proposed application.

Understanding the frequency of non-additive effects of pesticides (synergism and antagonism) is important in the context of risk assessment. The goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence of non-additive effects of pesticides to honey bees (Apis mellifera). We investigated a large set of mixtures including insecticides and fungicides of different chemical modes of action and classes. The mixtures included represent a relevant sample of pesticides that are currently used globally. We investigated whether the experimental toxicity of the mixtures could be predicted based on the Concentration Addition (CA) model for acute contact and oral adult bee toxicity tests. We measured the degree of deviation from the additivity predictions of the experimental toxicity based on the well-known Mixture Deviation Ratio (MDR). Further, we investigated the appropriate MDR thresholds that should be used for the identification of non-additive effects based on acceptable rates for false positive (alpha) and true positive (beta) findings. We found that a deviation factor of MDR = 5 is a sound reference for labeling potential non-additive effects in acute adult bee experimental designs when assuming a typical Coefficient of Variation (CV%) = 100 in the determination of the LD

Resumen Introduccion La asistencia en salud mental (SM) presenta importantes retos, especialmente en el campo de la humanizacion. Los objetivos fueron identificar las medidas de humanizacion en los planes de SM de las comunidades autonomas (CC. AA.) espanolas y las prioridades a desarrollar en este ambito. Material y metodos Un grupo amplio y multidisciplinar de personas implicadas en la asistencia en SM participo en un consenso, segun un metodo Delphi modificado, basado en el «pensamiento de diseno», en 3 fases: 1) identificacion de medidas de humanizacion en los planes de SM de las CC. AA.; 2) analisis de la implantacion de estas medidas, y 3) identificacion de prioridades de humanizacion en SM. Resultados De las 17 CC. AA., 14 tienen planes de SM vigentes. Se identificaron 4 tipos de medidas de humanizacion: 1) mejora de la calidad de la atencion; 2) promocion de la participacion de usuarios; 3) lucha contra el estigma y la discriminacion, y 4) cuidado de personas especialmente vulnerables. El rango de implantacion de las medidas fue del 6,3% (p. ej., presupuesto especifico) al 100%, con promedio del 64,1%. Se identificaron aspectos prioritarios, operativizados en 5 propuestas: 1) campana de difusion; 2) foros multidisciplinares de encuentro; 3) plataforma de entidades de apoyo; 4) estrategia de educacion en SM, y 5) humanizacion en planes de estudios. Conclusiones Los planes de SM incluyen la humanizacion entre sus objetivos, pero de forma parcial. La implementacion de propuestas de humanizacion como las identificadas resulta imprescindible para lograr una atencion a la SM de calidad.

Este artigo analisa a estratégia de informação levada a cabo por Marcello Caetano quando, em setembro de 1968, substituiu Salazar na presidência do Conselho de Ministros. Esta estratégia consistiu na realização de acontecimentos que lhe assegurassem uma boa visibilidade na imprensa, afirmação de uma relação mais próxima com os jornalistas, e realização das conversas em família teledifundidas. A investigação assenta no estudo do perfil político de Marcello Caetano suportada por fontes (cartas, textos, livros e entrevistas) e na análise de jornais da época (A Capital, Diário de Lisboa, Diário Popular, Diário de Notícias) no período compreendido entre setembro de 1968 e setembro de 1969. Como conclusão assinala-se que a construção da imagem deste político na imprensa favoreceu o início da sua governação através da construção de uma personalidade política, social e familiar bem distinta da de Salazar. This paper examines the information strategy followed by Marcello Caetano since September 1968, when he succeeded Salazar in the president of Council of Ministers. This strategy implied setting up events capable of ensuring him a good visibility on the media, establishing a closer relationship with journalists, and broadcasting his own TV programme “conversations in family”. This research assesses the political profile of Marcello Caetano and is supported by documents (letters, texts, books and interviews) and by the analysis of newspapers (A Capital, Diário de Lisboa, Diário Popular and Diário de Notícias) from September 1968 to September 1969. The image of Marcello Caetano, as portrayed by the press, has favoured his early stages as leader of the government by building a new political, social, and familiar personality, which was much different from Salazar’s. Este artículo analiza la estrategia de información llevada a cabo por Marcello Caetano cuando, en septiembre de 1968, sustituyó a Salazar en la presidencia del Consejo de Ministros. Esta estrategia consistió en la realización de acontecimientos que le asegure una buena visibilidad en la prensa, afirmación de una relación más cerca de los periodistas, y realización de las “coversaciones en familia” teledifundidas. La investigación se basa en el estudio del perfil político de Marcello Caetano apoyado en fuentes (cartas, textos, libros y entrevistas) y en el análisis de los periódicos de la época (A Capital, Diário de Lisboa, Diário Popular, Diário de Notícias) durante el período comprendido entre septiembre de 1968 y de septiembre de 1969. Como conclusión se señala que la construcción de la imagen de este político en la prensa favoreció el inicio de su gobernanza a través de la construcción de una personalidad política, social y familiar bien distinta a la de Salazar.

The isolation of stool pathogens is difficult due to their fastidious nature and the rapid overgrowth of fecal flora. In this study, we evaluate the preservation and isolation of enteric pathogens from stool using the automated COPAN Walk-Away Specimen Processor (WASP®) in conjunction with FecalSwab™ and selenite media. Pathogen viability and fecal commensal abundance were stable in FecalSwab™ media under both room-temperature and refrigerated incubation conditions, resulting in a significantly increased number of well-isolated pathogen colonies observed when compared to samples incubated in modified Cary-Blair media. Isolation of individual pathogen colonies was improved via WASP® planting compared to those planted using the Isoplater system. Furthermore, preincubation using the newly formulated COPAN selenite media significantly enhanced the yield of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Together, the automated WASP® system combined with FecalSwab™ and selenite media represents a rapid and efficient approach for the processing of stool specimens compared to standard methods.

This paper presents the first in-depth analysis of the textiles held by the Museo de la Real Colegiata de San Isidoro de León, providing a careful investigation of textile features and raw materials, in addition to carbon-14 dating and archival research. These new data have allowed us to redate the fabrics, placing them within their tenth- through early thirteenth-century Mediterranean and European contexts. The result is a more complex image than was previously assumed, and it offers a significant starting point for further research into the roles played by textiles in medieval Iberia.

A combined study of rock-magnetism and electronic-paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was performed in core samples from an oil well in the Vaca Muerta Formation (SW Argentina). The aim of this work was to characterize the effects of hydrocarbon-related diagenesis on the magnetic signature of oil shales. Similar research has been previously conducted in near-surface sediments affected by oil and gas microseepage, so as to establish a relationship between micromagnetic anomalies and the underlying reservoirs. The EPR technique was employed to measure minute concentrations of organic matter free radicals (OMFRs), Fe3+ and Mn2+. These results, and the concentrations of extractable organic matter (EOM), were compared with mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) and natural remanent magnetization (NRM). The reactive OMFRs, resulting from the thermal degradation of a kerogen that yields a slightly-biodegraded crude oil, seem to have acted on the primary Fe oxides and sulfides through two diagenetic stages. The first stage might have partially dissolved these minerals. Consequently, a number of depth levels show a decrease of both χ and NRM, against an increase of the OMFRs. On the other hand, for a core-interval between 2663 and 2695 m (P18/P24), a second diagenetic stage could have produced partial replacement of framboidal pyrite by authigenic pyrrhotite, as recognized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron X-ray energy dispersion (EDX) experiments and the analysis of the thermomagnetic and IRM curves. Thus, within P18/P24, magnetic parameters increase in direct proportion with the amount of OMFRs. The lithologies encompassed by P18/P24 show small levels of Mn2+, a proxy directly related to calcareous cementation. Moreover, Gamma Ray, resistivity and neutron porosity well logs reveal distinctive features for P18/P24, as well as an increase of hydrocarbon content, contrasting with the rest of the section analyzed. The hydrocarbon-induced magnetic anomalies in these oil shales seem to be conditioned mostly by their petrophysical properties. Fil: Costanzo Álvarez, Vincenzo. Universidad Simon Bolivar; Venezuela. Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra; Ecuador Fil: Rapalini, Augusto Ernesto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Aldana, Milagrosa. Universidad Simon Bolivar; Venezuela Fil: Díaz, Marisel. Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Física; Venezuela Fil: Kietzmann, Diego Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Iglesia Llanos, Maria Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Cabrera, Ana. Universidad Simon Bolivar; Venezuela Fil: Luppo, Tomas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Vallejo, María D.. Chevrón Argentina; Argentina Fil: Walther, Ana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina

Despite the negative impacts of increased ultraviolet radiation intensity on plants, these organisms continue to grow and produce under the increased environmental UV levels. We hypothesized that ambient UV intensity can generate acclimations in plant growth, leaf morphology, and photochemical functioning in modern genotypes of Coffea arabica and C. canephora. Coffee plants were cultivated for ca. six months in a mini greenhouse under either near ambient (UVam) or reduced (UVre) ultraviolet regimes. At the plant scale, C. canephora was substantially more impacted by UVam when compared to C. arabica, investing more carbon in all juvenile plant components than under UVre. When subjected to UVam, both species showed anatomic adjustments at the leaf scale, such as increases in stomatal density in C. canephora, at the abaxial and adaxial cuticles in both species, and abaxial epidermal thickening in C. arabica, although without apparent impact on the thickness of palisade and spongy parenchyma. Surprisingly, C. arabica showed more efficient energy dissipation mechanism under UVam than C. canephora. UVam promoted elevated protective carotenoid content and a greater use of energy through photochemistry in both species, as reflected in the photochemical quenching increases. This was associated with an altered chlorophyll a/b ratio (significantly only in C. arabica) that likely promoted a greater capability to light energy capture. Therefore, UV levels promoted different modifications between the two Coffea sp. regarding plant biomass production and leaf morphology, including a few photochemical differences between species, suggesting that modifications at plant and leaf scale acted as an acclimation response to actual UV intensity.

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o funcionamento da censura ao teatro em Portugal a partir da análise de três obras teatrais: La Casa de Bernarda Alba, de Federico García Lorca (apresentada em 1947); Las Quinas de Portugal, de Tirso de Molina (apresentada em 1968) e El Triciclo, de Fernando Arrabal (apresentada em 1968). O estudo está centrado em dois momentos distintos do Estado Novo: o final dos anos 40, altura em que a organização censória entra num processo de reestruturação; e o período dos anos 60, durante o qual se verificou um recrudescimento dos processos censórios, muito em função de um fechamento do regime de Salazar. Este trabalho, baseado num estudo de fontes, pretende dar a conhecer a representação dos processos censórios e os seus efeitos na sociedade e na cultura portuguesas. The goal of this article is to analyze the functioning of theater censorship in Portugal based on the analysis of three theatrical plays: La Casa de Bernarda Alba, by Federico García Lorca (presented in 1947); Las Quinas de Portugal, by Tirso de Molina (presented in 1968), and El Triciclo, by Fernando Arrabal (presented in 1968). The study focuses on two distinct periods of the Estado Novo: the final years of the 1940s, when censorship apparatus underwent a period of reorganization, and the 1960s, when censorship grew stronger once again as a result of Salazar regime's increasing rigidity. Relying on archival evidence, we attempt to reveal the representation of censorship processes and their effects on Portuguese society and culture.

Despite the negative impacts of increased ultraviolet radiation intensity on plants, these organisms continue to grow and produce under the increased environmental UV levels. We hypothesized that ambient UV intensity can generate acclimations in plant growth, leaf morphology, and photochemical functioning in modern genotypes of Coffea arabica and C. canephora. Coffee plants were cultivated for ca. six months in a mini greenhouse under either near ambient (UVam) or reduced (UVre) ultraviolet regimes. At the plant scale, C. canephora was substantially more impacted by UVam when compared to C. arabica, investing more carbon in all juvenile plant components than under UVre. When subjected to UVam, both species showed anatomic adjustments at the leaf scale, such as increases in stomatal density in C. canephora, at the abaxial and adaxial cuticles in both species, and abaxial epidermal thickening in C. arabica, although without apparent impact on the thickness of palisade and spongy parenchyma. Surprisingly, C. arabica showed more efficient energy dissipation mechanism under UVam than C. canephora. UVam promoted elevated protective carotenoid content and a greater use of energy through photochemistry in both species, as reflected in the photochemical quenching increases. This was associated with an altered chlorophyll a/b ratio (significantly only in C. arabica) that likely promoted a greater capability to light energy capture. Therefore, UV levels promoted different modifications between the two Coffea sp. regarding plant biomass production and leaf morphology, including a few photochemical differences between species, suggesting that modifications at plant and leaf scale acted as an acclimation response to actual UV intensity info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Em Portugal, o período pós-revolucionário, não originou alterações nas questões da igualdade entre homens e mulheres. Contudo, nos últimos 40 anos, houve duas questões centrais para a igualdade de género, debatidas no Parlamento: a paridade e a legalização do aborto. Em 1975 a política era profundamente masculina e os homens ocupavam o centro das decisões em todas as esferas da sociedade. Quarenta anos depois, a representação das mulheres na Assembleia da República passou 7,6% para 40% em 2019, graças à aprovação da Lei da Paridade em 2006. Também a luta pela despenalização do aborto se arrastou desde 1974 a 2007, altura em o segundo referendo foi aprovado. Este consistiu num processo longo e muito polarizado, com confronto de posições antagónicas, dentro e fora do Parlamento. Neste percurso intervieram, partidos políticos, ONGs e diversas organizações de mulheres. Neste artigo analisaremos as dinâmicas sociais e políticas que propiciaram aquelas mudanças, destacaremos as lutas em que as mulheres se envolveram, e examinaremos as alterações na cobertura mediática para as questões de género, a partir de dois casos centrais: a Paridade e a Interrupção Voluntária da Gravidez (IVG). Verificamos que foram os debates sobre estes assuntos que mais envolveram as mulheres, e que mais contribuíram para a tomada de consciência da sua situação face à sociedade patriarcal, abrindo portas à sua emancipação e empoderamento. En Portugal, el período posrevolucionario no cedió lugar a cambios en las cuestiones de igualdad entre hombres y mujeres. Sin embargo, en los últimos 40 años, ha habido dos temas centrales para la igualdad de género, discutidos en el Parlamento: la paridad y la legalización del aborto. En 1975, la política era profundamente masculina y los hombres estaban en el centro de las decisiones en todas las esferas de la sociedad. Cuarenta años después, la representación de las mujeres en la Asamblea de la República pasó del 7,6% al 40% en 2019, gracias a la aprobación de la ley de paridad en 2006. La lucha por la despenalización del aborto también se prolongó desde 1974 hasta 2007, cuando se aprobó el segundo referéndum. Este ha consistido en un proceso largo y muy polarizado, con enfrentamiento de posiciones contrarias, dentro y fuera del Parlamento. En este recorrido intervinieron partidos políticos, ONG y diversas organizaciones de mujeres. En este artículo analizaremos las dinámicas sociales y políticas que llevaron a estos cambios, resaltaremos las luchas en las que participaron las mujeres y examinaremos los cambios en la cobertura mediática de la problemática de género, a partir de dos casos centrales: la paridad y la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo (IVG). Concluimos que fueron los debates sobre estos temas los que más involucraron a las mujeres, y que más contribuyeron a la toma de conciencia de su situación frente a la sociedad patriarcal, abriendo puertas a su emancipación y empoderamiento. The democratic revolution process in Portugal (1974–1976) did not result in immediate changes on gender equality. Yet, over the past four decades there were two main gender equality achievements in Portugal following parliamentary debate: the gender parity law and the legalisation of abortion. In 1975, Portuguese politics was profoundly dominated by men, who occupied the decision-making posts across all instances and sector of society. But since then, women representation in parliament jumped from 7.6% in 1976 to 40% in 2019, as a result of the gender parity law enacted in 2006. The debate about the legalisation of abortion was polarised and lengthy. It lasted between 1974 and 2007, it involved political parties, NGOs, several women’s organisations, and two referenda, the last one in 2007, which settled the issue. In this paper we assess the social and political dynamics that enabled these changes, highlighting the involvement of women. We examine the changes in media coverage on gender issues, using these two central cases for gender equality in Portugal: the gender parity law and the legalisation of abortion. We found that these were the social and political debates that most involved the participation of women. These debates revealed the condition of women in a patriarchal society, and led to their emancipation and empowerment.

To understand the epidemiology and susceptibility patterns of yeast infections in Ontario, Canada, we examined 4,715 clinical yeast isolates submitted to our laboratory for antifungal susceptibility testing from 2014 to 2018. Candida albicans was the most frequently submitted species (43.0%), followed by C. glabrata (21.1%), C. parapsilosis (15.0%), and C. tropicalis (6.2%). Twenty-three other Candida spp. (11.6%) and 4 non-Candida species (3.1%) were also identified. Few changes in species distribution were observed from 2014 to 2018, but the total numbers of yeast isolates sent for testing increased, with an annual 7.4% change. According to CLSI clinical breakpoints, resistance rates remained low overall. Moderate fluconazole resistance was noted among C. glabrata (9%), C. parapsilosis (9%), and C. tropicalis (12%) isolates. Only 1% of C. glabrata isolates were resistant to caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin. Whole-genome sequence analysis confirmed 11 cases of acquired resistance to azoles or echinocandins via in-host evolution. There were mutations in the gene for the catalytic subunit of 1,3-beta-glucan synthase-mediated echinocandin resistance in 3 of 3 C. albicans strains, 3 of 4 C. glabrata strains, and 1 strain of C. tropicalis. Azole resistance was likely caused by a homozygous ERG3 mutation in 1 C. albicans strain and a previously undescribed chromosomal-duplication event involving ERG11 and TAC1 orthologs in 1 C. tropicalis strain. While antifungal resistance rates remain low among yeast isolates in Ontario, ongoing surveillance is necessary to inform empirical therapy for optimal patient management and to guide antifungal stewardship.

Andean blackberries (Rubus glaucus Benth) are fruits rich in phytocomponents with high antioxidant activity. In this work, the changes in the total polyphenol content (TPC), the total flavonoid content (TFC), and the total anthocyanin content (TAC) of four blackberry varieties at three maturity stages (E1-25%, E2-50%, and E3-100%) were measured. The antioxidant activity (AA) was evaluated using the 2,2&rsquo, azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazolin 6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. TPC and TFC content decreased with the increase in the maturity stage. The blackberry Brazos cultivar presented TPC values of 51.26, 38.16, and 31.59 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW) at E1, E2, and E3, respectively. The TAC and soluble solids increased with the increase in the maturity stage of the fruits. The Andimora variety at E3 presented a high TPC content, and the Colombiana variety presented a high TFC content. The blackberry Colombiana cultivar presented TAC values of 1.40, 2.95, and 12.26 mg cy-3-glu/100g DW at E1, E2, and E3, respectively. The blackberry Colombiana cultivar presented a high AA value at 1278.63 &micro, mol TE/g DW according to the ABTS method and 1284.55 &micro, mol TE/g DW according to the FRAP method. The TPC and TFC showed a high correlation with the AA according to the ABTS and the FRAP methods. The Pearson correlation between the TFC and AA/ABTS has a value of r = 0.92. The TFC and AA/FRAP present a value of r = 0.94.

El trabajo analiza la cobertura mediática realizada por ABC, Arriba, Diário de Notícias y Diário da Manhã del único viaje de Estado del general Franco al extranjero. Se desplazó al Portugal de Salazar en octubre de 1949 con la pretensión de mejorar su imagen y romper el aislamiento internacional. Prensa española y portuguesa, sometidas ambas a censura previa, contribuyeron al logro de este objetivo. La puesta en marcha de un análisis cuantitativo, cualitativo y comparativo ha permitido contrastar el comportamiento de estos diarios en función de su ámbito geográfico y del modelo de prensa privada u oficial que representan. Se ha comprobado la homogeneidad de sus discursos y de los leit motiv defendidos; la mayor cobertura que brindaron las cabeceras portuguesas y el papel de los diarios oficiales como auténtica prensa de combate ideológico.

Background The interaction of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IEs) with the host receptor CD36 is among the most studied host-parasite interfaces. CD36 is a scavenger receptor that binds numerous ligands including the cysteine-rich interdomain region (CIDR)α domains of the erythrocyte membrane protein 1 family (PfEMP1) expressed on the surface of IEs. CD36 is conserved across species, but orthologs display differential binding of IEs. Methods In this study, we exploited these differences, combined with the recent crystal structure and 3-dimensional modeling of CD36, to investigate malaria-CD36 structure-function relationships and further define IE-CD36 binding interactions. Results We show that a charged surface in the membrane-distal region of CD36 is necessary for IE binding. Moreover, IE interaction with this binding surface is influenced by additional CD36 domains, both proximal to and at a distance from this site. Conclusions Our data indicate that subtle sequence and spatial differences in these domains modify receptor conformation and regulate the ability of CD36 to selectively interact with its diverse ligands.

This article discusses, from the perspective of women’s history, the activity of the National Museum of Decorative Arts of Madrid (MNAD) during its first thirty years (1912–1942). This work...

Industry 4.0 offers new development opportunities for surgeons. Computer-aided design and 3 D printing allow for the creation of prototypes and functional end products. Until now, it was difficult for new devices to get to the manufacturing phase. Nowadays, the main limitations are our creativity, available spaces to test our creations and obtaining financing.

Resumen La industria 4.0 ofrece nuevas oportunidades de desarrollo a los cirujanos. El diseno asistido por ordenador y la impresion 3 D permiten materializar muchas ideas y conceptos, facilitando la accesibilidad al diseno y la creacion de productos, bien como prototipos, bien como productos finales funcionales. Hasta ahora era dificil llegar a la fabricacion de nuevos dispositivos. En estos momentos la principal limitacion sera nuestra creatividad, disponer de espacios que permitan poner a prueba nuestras creaciones y lograr financiacion.

BACKGROUND\ud Malaria during pregnancy is a major contributor to the global burden of adverse birth outcomes including fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and fetal loss. Recent evidence supports a role for angiogenic dysregulation and perturbations to placental vascular development in the pathobiology of malaria in pregnancy. The Angiopoietin-Tie2 axis is critical for placental vascularization and remodeling. We hypothesized that disruption of this pathway would contribute to malaria-induced adverse birth outcomes.\ud \ud METHODS\ud Using samples from a previously conducted prospective cohort study of pregnant women in Malawi, we measured circulating levels of angiopoietin-1 (Angpt-1) and Angpt-2 by Luminex (n=1392). We used a preclinical model of malaria in pregnancy (Plasmodium berghei ANKA [PbA] in pregnant BALB/c mice), genetic disruption of Angpt-1 (Angpt1 mice), and micro-CT analysis of placental vasculature to test the hypothesis that disruptions to the Angpt-Tie2 axis by malaria during pregnancy would result in aberrant placental vasculature and adverse birth outcomes.\ud \ud FINDINGS\ud Decreased circulating levels of Angpt-1 and an increased ratio of Angpt-2/Angpt-1 across pregnancy were associated with malaria in pregnancy. In the preclinical model, PbA infection recapitulated disruptions to the Angiopoietin-Tie2 axis resulting in reduced fetal growth and viability. Malaria decreased placental Angpt-1 and Tie2 expression and acted synergistically with reduced Angpt-1 in heterozygous dams (Angpt1), to worsen birth outcomes by impeding vascular remodeling required for placental function.\ud \ud INTERPRETATION\ud Collectively, these data support a mechanistic role for the Angpt-Tie2 axis in malaria in pregnancy, including a potential protective role for Angpt-1 in mitigating infection-associated adverse birth outcomes.\ud \ud FUNDING\ud This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Canada Research Chair, and Toronto General Research Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship Award. The parent trial was supported by the European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership and the Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium, which was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The funders had no role in design, analysis, or reporting of these studies.

Dehydrated products added with active components (AC) represent a healthy alternative for modern consumer. The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of drying process conditions of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) impregnated under vacuum with AC and dehydrated. A factorial design was performed with two independent variables, 2 levels per variable (temperature: 50 and 60ºC, air velocity: 2.0 and 3.0 m.s-1) and three replicates per drying condition. In fact, cape gooseberry fruits were previously impregnated under vacuum with an emulsion containing calcium and vitamins B9, C, D3 and E, which were subjected to dehydration until a water activity of approximately 0.6. In addition, drying rate curves presented in all cases two periods of decreasing speed. An increase of drying temperature decreases the processing time, presenting a greater AC degradation, while the air velocity offers a non-significant effect. The treatment which have allowed an AC better retention and low processing times was 60° C and 2 m.s-1, reaching levels of 204.8 ± 10.5 mg, 137.0 ± 34.7 μg, 13.6 ± 0.9 mg, 2.2± 0.6 μg, 7.0±1.2 mg for calcium and vitamins B9, C, D3 and E, respectively per 50 g serving of dehydrated cape gooseberry. An integration of the vacuum impregnation process with conventional air-drying, represents an effective technological alternative, which confers a higher added value to cape gooseberry fruit. RESUMEN: Los productos deshidratados adicionados con componentes activos (CA) representan una alternativa saludable para el consumidor moderno. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la influencia de las condiciones del proceso de secado sobre la uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) impregnada al vacío con CA y deshidratada. Se utilizó un diseño factorial con dos variables independientes, 2 niveles por variable (temperatura: 50 y 60ºC; velocidad del aire: 2.0 y 3.0 m.s-1) y 3 réplicas por condición de secado. Los frutos de uchuva fueron previamente impregnados al vacío con una emulsión que contenía calcio y vitaminas B9, C, D3 y E, además se sometieron a una deshidratación hasta una actividad de agua aproximada de 0.6. En adición a lo anterior, las curvas de velocidad de secado presentaron en todos los casos dos periodos de velocidad decreciente. El aumento de la temperatura de secado disminuye el tiempo de proceso, presentándose mayor degradación de los CA, mientras que la velocidad del aire ofrece un efecto no significativo. El tratamiento que permitió una mejor retención de los CA y bajos tiempos de proceso fue 60°C y 2 m.s-1, alcanzando niveles de 204.8±10.5 mg, 137.0±34.7 mg, 13.6±0.9 mg, 2.2±0.6 mg, 7.0±1.2 mg para calcio y vitaminas B9, C, D3 y E, respectivamente por porción de 50 g de uchuva deshidratada. La integración del proceso de impregnación al vacío y secado por aire convencional representa una alternativa tecnológica efectiva que confiere un mayor valor agregado al fruto de uchuva. COL0028471

There is now sufficient evidence to support the importance of interventions in the early stages of psychosis. The delay in the detection and treatment of the first-episode psychosis is related to a lower and slower recovery, as well as a higher risk of relapse. Despite this fact, early intervention units or teams are still not regularly implemented in mental health service settings in Spain. In this opinion article, a review is presented of the main arguments for defending the need to implement these programmes and strategies in order to achieve this aim. There are a number of programmes for early intervention for psychosis currently working in other countries, with a therapeutic programme that includes pharmacological and psychosocial interventions, together with public awareness, information dissemination, and family-professional collaboration activities. Published literature on the experience of these programmes indicates that early intervention is not only effective in terms of the improvement of health status, but is also economically efficient. The main steps and recommendations needed to implement such early intervention programmes in our country are described.

Schizophrenia is a clinically heterogeneous syndrome affecting multiple dimensions of patients’ life. Therefore, its treatment might require a multidimensional approach that should take into account the efficacy (the ability of an intervention to get the desired result under ideal conditions), the effectiveness (the degree to which the intended effect is obtained under routine clinical practice conditions or settings) and the efficiency (value of the intervention as relative to its cost to the individual or society) of any therapeutic intervention. In a first step of the process, a group of 90 national experts from different areas of health-care and with a multidimensional and multidisciplinary perspective of the disease, defined the concepts of efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency of established therapeutic interventions within 7 key dimensions of the illness: symptomatology; comorbidity; relapse and adherence; insight and subjective experience; cognition; quality of life, autonomy and functional capacity; and social inclusion and associated factors. The main conclusions and recommendations of this stage of the work are presented herein.

Resumen Este trabajo se enmarca en un proyecto de investigación que busca indagar sobre las posibilidades, ventajas y limitaciones que la integración de tecnologías digitales (TD) aporta al reflexionar sobre las prácticas desarrolladas por docentes en formación inicial y en servicio. El enfoque metodológico seleccionado es de investigación-acción y se halla situado en el marco de comunidades de aprendizaje y de práctica. La investigación da cuenta del recorrido realizado por los integrantes de la comunidad del Centro Regional de Profesores del Centro (CeRP), perteneciente al Consejo de Formación en Educación (CFE), y la comunidad de docentes de la Universidad de la República (Udelar) que asisten a la formación permanente que ofrece el Programa de Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (ProEVA) de la Comisión Sectorial de Enseñanza (CSE). El artículo se focaliza en la puesta en práctica del instrumento de reflexión denominado análisis de incidentes críticos (IC). A este respecto se realza que aun cuando los participantes han logrado identificar algunas de las barreras que les impiden tener un mejor desempeño al pensar en las TD como mediadoras de aprendizajes, solo se han focalizado en aquellas vinculadas con temas de conexión o funcionamiento. Se destaca igualmente que el trabajo con IC ha coadyuvado a la transformación de la clase en un escenario de investigación con procesos de reflexión dentro y entre las comunidades involucradas. Summary This work is framed within a research that aims at inquiring about the possibilities, advantages and limitations that the integration of digital technologies offers at the time of reflecting upon the practices developed by teachers in initial teacher training and in service. The methodological approach selected is action research in the framework of learning communities and communities of practice. The research shows the way followed by the members of the community of Centro Regional de Profesores del Centro (CeRP) belonging to Consejo de Formación en Educación (CFE) and the community of teachers belonging to Universidad de la República (Udelar) who attend the continuous teacher development that Programa de Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (ProEVA) of the Comisión Sectorial de Enseñanza (CSE) offers. This article focuses on the application of an instrument of reflection called analysis of critical incidents (IC). It is worth mentioning that even when the participants have identified some of the barriers that hinder a better performance at the time of considering digital technologies as mediators of learning, they have only focused on those in relation to connectivity or working. Nevertheless, it must be highlighted that the work with IC has contributed to the transformation of the class into a scenario of research generating processes of reflection within and between the communities involved. Resumo Este trabalho é parte dum projeto de pesquisa que destina-se a inquirir sobre as possibilidades, vantagens e limitações que a integração das tecnologias digitais (TD) contribui para refletir sobre as práticas desenvolvidas pelos professores em formação inicial e em serviço. A abordagem metodológica selecionada é a pesquisa-ação e situa-se no âmbito das comunidades de aprendizagem e prática. A pesquisa dá conta do percurso empreendido pelos membros da comunidade do Centro Regional de Profesores del Centro (CeRP), pertencentes ao Consejo de Formación en Educación (CFE) e a comunidade de professores da Universidad de la República (Udelar), atendendo a educação continuada oferecida pelo Programa de Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (ProEVA) da Comisión Sectorial de Educación (CSE). O artigo centra-se sobre a aplicação do instrumento de reflexão chamado análise de incidentes críticos (IC). Neste respeito destaca-se que mesmo quando os participantes conseguiram identificar algumas das barreiras que os impedem de ter um melhor desempenho ao pensar sobre as TD como mediadoras da aprendizagem, eles estão só focados naquelas ligadas com problemas de conexão ou operação. É necessário realçar ainda que o trabalho com IC contribuiu para a transformação da aula num estágio de pesquisa gerando os processos de reflexão nas e entre as comunidades envolvidas.

Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) are widely used in the real-time monitoring of electrical power systems. This work presents the design and construction of a low-cost prototype of a PMU for three-phase distribution Power Systems according to the IEEE standard C37.118.1. This system allows to estimate phasors, frequency, rate of change of frequency and symmetric components with the time label corresponding to each value estimated in a three-phase network of a low power system. All these parameters are synchronized using the signals from a Global Positioning System-GPS as a time reference. The system uses as base a development platform controlled by a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) and the estimation of the synchrophasors is done using the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). Firstly, a phasor estimation method is presented, after the implemented hardware and software is described. Finally, the results obtained from the measurements are presented in order to verify the correct operation of the equipment. Additionally, operation and communication tests are performed to validate the prototype according to the IEEE C37.118.1 standard.

As new grid codes have been created to permit the integration of large scale photovoltaic power plants into the transmission system, the enhancement of the local control of the photovoltaic (PV) generators is necessary. Thus, the objective of this paper is to present a local controller of active and reactive power to comply the new requirements asked by the transmission system operators despite the variation of ambient conditions without using extra devices. For this purpose, the control considers the instantaneous capability curves of the PV generator which vary due to the change of solar irradiance, temperature, dc voltage and modulation index. To validate the control, the PV generator is modeled in DIgSILENT PowerFactory ® and tested under different ambient conditions. The results show that the control developed can modify the active and reactive power delivered to the desired value at different solar irradiance and temperature.